Earticle

Background: With the emergent transition of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, the need for online/offline blended learning that can effectively be utilized in a team-based learning (TBL) course has emerged. Methods: We used the online metaverse platforms, Gather and Zoom, along with face-to-face teaching methods in a team-based Introductory Pharmacy Practice Experience (IPPE) course and examined students’ learning satisfaction and achievement, as well as their preferences to the learning platforms. A survey questionnaire was distributed to the students after the IPPE course completion. All data were analyzed using Excel and SPSS. Results: Students had high levels of course satisfaction (4.61±0.57 out of 5) and achievement of course learning objectives (4.49±0.70 out of 5), and these were positively correlated with self-directed learning ability. While students believed that the face-toface platform was the most effective method for many of the class activities, they responded that Gather was the most effective platform for team presentations. The majority of students (64.3%) indicated that blended learning was the most preferred method for a TBL course. Conclusion: Students in a blended TBL IPPE course had high satisfaction and achievements with the use of various online/offline platforms, and indicated that blended learning was the most preferred learning method. In the post-COVID-19 era, it is important to utilize the blended learning approach in a TBL setting that effectively applies online/offline platforms according to the learning contents and activities to maximize students’ learning satisfaction and achievement.

The year 2020 drives both educators and learners to face the un-contact future in educational fields. Since 2010, we have heard about flipped learning as so-called trendy pedagogical term. However, there are so many guesses and misunderstandings to prohibit us from endeavoring flipped learning. This study starts to change the general concept of flipped learning for my research purpose. By forming a working concept of flipped learning as a paradigm, not a specific method, and utilizing team-based learning methods for during-class activities, I came up three research questions: 1) How does flipped learning action sheet function for learners to participate in group discussion?; 2) How does flipped learning action sheet serve for learners’ understanding of text and their satisfaction of the class?; 3) Are flipped learning action sheet and quiz effective tools as a precedent task? Grounded on two questionnaires the result demonstrates that flipped learning action sheet enables the learner to contribute to group discussion easily and increases the level of class satisfaction as well as understanding of the text. With these results, I can suggest that flipped learning action sheet and taking a quiz are useful precedent methods for educator to construct team-based flipped learning paradigm.

본 연구는 T대학의 사례를 통해 전공역량 강화를 위한 교과-비교과 연계 프로그램의 효과성을 검증하고자 하는데 그 목적을 두었다. 본 연구를 위해 교수자와 학습자 대상으 로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 본 프로그램에 참여한 T대학의 대학생 316명 중 292명의 자 료를 바탕으로 기술통계, 상관분석을 실시하였다. 또한, 프로그램 운영 만족과 팀학습 만 족을 독립변수로, 추천의사를 종속변수로 하는 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 뿐만아니라 교 수자와 학습자의 서술 의견을 질적 내용 분석하여 서로 비교하여 보았다. 양적, 질적으로 분석한 결과를 바탕으로 프로그램의 개선방향과 교육적 함의를 도출하고자 하였다. 연 구 결과에 따르면 교수자와 학습자 모두 높은 만족도를 보였다. 회귀분석 결과, 학습자의 운영만족과 팀학습만족은 프로그램 추천의사에 영향을 유의미하게 미치는 것으로 나타 났다. 특히, 팀학습 만족이 프로그램 지속 요구로 판단할 수 있는 추천의사에 큰 영향을 미쳤다. 내용분석 결과에서 교수자와 학습자 모두 전공역량 강화의 효과성에 대해 진술 하였으며 질적 의견에서도 회귀분석 결과와 마찬가지로 팀학습 만족과 프로그램 유익성 에 대한 진술이 매우 컸다. 학습자들은 본 프로그램를 참여함으로써 전공교과목에 대한 흥미와 관심이 높아졌으며 자격증 취득 등에 자신감을 보였다. 개선사항으로는 운영시 기와 기간에 대한 개선을 요구하였다. 교수자들은 운영시기의 다각화를, 학습자는 운영 기간의 확대를 요구하였다. Covid-19 팬데믹으로 인해 수업 운영의 어려움이 있었지만 실습과목과 실습시간이 충분히 확보되어야 하는 T대학의 특성에 맞게 전공교과목과 연계한 비교과프로그램으로 판단되었다. 본 연구를 통해 교과-비교과 연계 프로그램이 교 육과정 운영을 다각화하고 전공역량을 강화하기 위한 효과적인 운영 프로그램임을 확인 할 수 있었다.

The purposes of this study is to verify the effectiveness of the co-curriculum program for improving major competencies by exploring the case of T University. In this program, 316 university students in 18 subjects participated. Among them, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression analysis were performed based on the questionnaire data of 292 persons. And qualitative content analysis was also performed on the narrative responses of instructors and learners. The directions for improvement of the program and educational implications were derived by analyzing the satisfaction survey responses of instructors and learners. Both instructors and learners are very satisfied with the program. It was found that learners' operational satisfaction and team-based learning satisfaction had a significant effect on program recommendation intention in statistical terms. In particular, satisfaction with team learning had a greater effect on program recommendation intention for program continuation. Comparing the qualitative content analysis results, it was found that the opinions of professors and students were similar. By participating in this program, it was confirmed that students' interest in their major subjects increased and their confidence in obtaining major-related certificates increased. Instructors and learners noted that future program schedules and duration should be changed to improve future programs. It was confirmed that this program had a positive effect on the diversification of major curriculum operations by improving students' major-related competency in connection with the curriculum.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of team-based learning (TBL) program on problem solving ability, critical thinking disposition and self-directed learning in junior nursing students caring for patients with respiratory diseases. Methods: One-group pretest-posttest design was used. TBL program was carried out for 2 hours a week for 6 weeks. Data were collected by questionnaires from 167 nursing students from March 6 to June 5, 2013. Data were analyzed by paired t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: At the completion of TBL program, significant improvement was found in problem solving ability (t=-6.04, p<.001), critical thinking disposition (t=5.02, p<.001) and self-directed learning (t=5.96, p<.001). There was a significant positive correlation among problem solving ability, critical thinking disposition and self-directed learning. Conclusion: In conclusion, TBL is a useful teaching and learning method on nursing students. We suggest that it is needed to measure the educational effects of TBL against other teaching methods in the future studies.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects simulation-based education combined team-based learning (SBE combined TBL) compared to simulation-based education (SBE) on undergraduate nursing students. Methods: A non-equivalent control group design with pre-and posttest measures was used. The participants in the study were 181 students. The SBE combined TBL group consisted of 84 senior students in 2013, and the SBE group consisted of 97 seniors in 2014. Collected data were analyzed using chi-square, independent t-test and ANCOVA with the statistical package SPSS 22.0 for Windows. Results: There was a significant improvement in communication skills, nursing performance confidence, team efficacy, and team performance scores in the SBE combined TBL group compared to the SBE group (t=2.45, p=.015; F=4.30, p=.040; t=3.06, p=.003; t=8.77, p<.001). However, there was no statistically significant difference in self-directed learning between the groups. Conclusion: SBE combined TBL compared to SBE is an effective teaching and learning method to enhance various positive educational outcomes for nursing students. Therefore, we suggest that future studies investigate the development of an integrated course in which team-based learning is applied to theoretical sessions and simulation-based training.

Purpose: This study is to assess the level of student perceptions, academic achievement, satisfaction, and their relationships in a medical-surgical nursing course using team-based learning (TBL). Method: Four-hour TBL sessions were given in a structured three-phase sequence in a cohort of 261 second year nursing students. Results: Mean perceptions of TBL was $6.64{\pm}5.11$, and $8.30{\pm}4.11$ for perceptions of teamwork. On a 7-point scale, the mean satisfaction score was $4.85{\pm}1.41$, and 64.0% of nursing students were satisfied with TBL compared to lecture. Group readiness assurance test score was significantly higher than individual readiness assurance test score (t=-16.76, p<.001). Perceptions of TBL (F=1.40, p=.245), perceptions of team work (F=1.55, p=.202) and satisfaction (F=0.81, p=.489) was not different by the level of students' academic achievement on items related TBL. Conclusion: Results indicates that TBL was an effective instructional strategy including favorable perceptions and satisfaction for nursing students. TBL could be an adjunct educational strategy for undergraduate nursing education.

The aim of this study was to determine effects of team-based simulation learning on team efficacy, interpersonal understanding, and problem solving ability of nursing students with a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Subjects were senior nursing students enrolled in a simulation course. A total of 91 participants were divided into an experimental group (n = 44) and a control group (n = 47). The former consisted of teams of three to four students who experienced 15 sessions of team-based simulation learning for 8 weeks, while the latter received sessions of individual simulation learning. A survey regarding team efficacy, interpersonal understanding, and problem solving ability was conducted for the two groups before and after the treatment. Collected data were analyzed using SAS 9.2. The experimental group with team-based simulation learning exhibited a significant improvement in team efficacy after learning compared to the control group with individual simulation learning (t = 3.63, p ≤ 0.001). The level of interpersonal understanding also increased after learning for both experimental and control groups. The between-group variation was insignificant. The level of problem solving ability was increased to a greater extent for the experimental group than the control group, while the increase for the experimental group was statistically significant(t = 3.43, p ≤0.001). Team-based simulation learning was shown to be an effective learning method to enhance the team efficacy, interpersonal understanding, and problem solving ability of nursing students.

Background: Case-based learning (CBL) is becoming an important approach for improving interprofessional collaboration education. Previous studies have examined learners’ satisfaction with interprofessional education (IPE) in medical institutions. However, there are few studies on the implementation of university-led CBL interventions and their direct effects on learning outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of CBL interventions on changes in the participants’ perception and knowledge acquisition ability. Methods: The CBL approach consisted of team-based case-based learning, self-directed learning, and post-feedback. It was conducted as a single course for pharmacy students in their 5th year in a university setting. Changes in the participants’ perceptions and self-assessments of competence levels were evaluated using survey responses. The effect of the CBL intervention on knowledge acquisition ability was directly evaluated using the exam score. Results: The majority agreed or strongly agreed that team-based case-based learning, and self-directed learning helped them to improve their knowledge and skills to a higher level and to increase the self-assessment of competency level. The average score of knowledge acquisition ability (average score of 75.0, p=0.0098) was significantly higher in the CBL intervention group than the lecture-based learning intervention group (average score of 52.0). Conclusion: The participants positively perceived that CBL intervention helped them to effectively improve their knowledge and the self-assessment of competency level. It also enhanced knowledge acquisition ability. These data, based on the survey responses, suggest that it is necessary to implement CBL interventions in a university-led single professional education.

본 연구의 목적은 팀 기반 학습활동에서 인성교육이 자연스럽게 습득될 수 있도록 방법론적 접근을 통한 해결책을 제공하는 것이다. 2021년 봄 학기에 두 그룹 총 69명의 대학생을 대상으로 실험반은 교양영어 프로그램 과 팀 기반 학습활동을 융합하여 강의를 진행하였고 통제반은 교양영어 프로그램에 맞춘 강의중심 수업을 실시하 여 팀 활동이 인성교육 덕목에 영향을 줄 수 있는지를 연구하였다. 연구 결과, 실험반(p<.001)의 사후 테스트 결과 에서 인성덕목 총점이 크게 향상되었다. 팀 기반 학습의 하위 항목인 리더십, 신뢰도, (과제)수행 및 책임감 간 상호 밀접하게 상관관계가 있었으며 인성교육의 하위 항목인 자기조절, 배려, 소통, 자존감, 책임감에 대한 사전 및 사후 테스트 결과 통계적으로 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 강의중심 수업보다는 학생들이 직접 참여한 팀 활동을 통한 수업은 인성교육에 효과적인 영향을 주었다. 다만, 현 연구는 모수가 제한적이기 때문에 보다 확장 적인 심층 연구가 필요하며, 향후 다양한 교수법이 적용된 인성교육의 효과성에 대한 검증이 이루어졌으면 한다.

The purpose of this study is to provide a solution through a methodological approach so that character education can be naturally acquired in team-based learning activities. In the spring semester of 2021, a total of 69 college students in two groups were studied, and as a result of the study, the total score of character education virtues in the post-test was greatly improved in the experimental group (p<.001). The correlation between sub-items of team-based learning and pre and post-test results for character sub-items, self-regulation, consideration, communication, self-esteem, and responsibility, were statistically significant. This study shows character education through team-based learning had positive results. However, future research through a wider range of subjects is needed, and various teaching methods are being applied to propose verification of the effectiveness of character education.

본 연구의 목적은 다큐멘터리를 팀 기반학습(TBL)에 활용하여 임상실습교육에 적용 후 간호대학생의 비판적 사고, 학습동기 및 학습만족도에 미치는 효과를 검증하기 위함이다. 본 연구는 비동등성 대조군 전후 시차설계를 적용한 유사실험 연구로, 한국의 일개 대학에서 아동간호학 임상실습을 수강하는 3학년 간호학생을 대상으로 하였다. 실험군(17명)에는 다큐멘터리를 활용한 TBL을 적용하고, 대조군(20명)에 는 다큐멘터리를 활용한 TBL을 적용하지 않았다. 연구 결과로 실험군과 대조군 간 비판적 사고, 학습동기 및 학습만족도에서 유의한 차이가 없었지만 실험군에서 비판적 사고(t=2.42, p=.028) 및 학습 동기(t=4.51, p<.001) 가 유의하게 증가하였다. 본 연구결과를 근거로 향후 의미있는 교육효과를 도출하기 위하여 다큐멘터리를 팀 기반학습에 적용 시 소규모로 구성된 팀을 위하여 방안을 모색하거나 팀 기반학습 단계에 변화를 주는 전략을 마련할 필요가 있겠다.

The purpose of this study is to verify the effects of applying documentaries in team-based learning (TBL) for clinical practice education on nursing students' critical thinking, learning motivation, and learning satisfaction. This study is a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design and targeted third-year nursing students enrolled in pediatric nursing clinical practice at a university in South Korea. The experimental group (n=17) received TBL using documentaries, while the control group (n=20) did not. The results showed no significant differences between the experimental and control groups in critical thinking, learning motivation, and learning satisfaction. However, within the experimental group, critical thinking (t=2.42, p=.028) and learning motivation (t=4.51, p<.001) significantly increased. Based on these findings, to derive meaningful educational effects in future applications, it is necessary to explore strategies for small-group teams or modify the stages of TBL when integrating documentaries.

본 연구의 목적은 스마트 테크놀로지를 활용한 팀 기반 학습(Smart technology-enhanced Team-Based Learning, S-TBL) 모형 설계를 위한 디자인 원칙과 S-TBL의 개요, 절차 및 활동을 개념화하는 것이다. 이를 위 해 기존의 팀 기반 학습(Team-Based Learning, TBL) 모형을 기반으로 모바일 테크놀로지, 협력학습, 문제해결학 습과 다양한 평가 모형들을 종합한 학습 모형을 설계하였다. 기존의 TBL 모형을 기반으로 스마트 테크놀로지 학 습 환경에서 적용 가능한 학습 모형을 설계함에 있어 1) 학습 자원, 평가 도구, 문제해결상황과 문제해결과정을 통 합하는 총체적인 학습 환경을 제공하고, 2) 팀 구성원 간 및 교수자와 학습자 간 협력과 커뮤니케이션을 증대시킬 수 있는 환경 개발에 중점을 두었다. 이러한 S-TBL 모형은 1) 개별 학습과 협력적인 팀 학습을 통합하고, 2) 개념학습과 문제 해결 및 비판적 사고력 신장을 위한 학습을 통합하며, 3) 개별 평가와 그룹 평가를 통합하고, 4) 자기주 도적 학습과 강의식 설명 학습을 통합하고, 5) 개인적 성찰과 산출물의 공유를 통합할 수 있도록 설계되었다.

The purpose of this study is to explore and develop a new instructional approach to a technology-enhanced, collaborative learning environment called Smart technology-enhanced Team-Based Learning (S-TBL). We designed a novel instructional model that combines mobile technology, collaborative teamwork, a problem-solving process, and a variety of evaluation techniques from the viewpoint of a conventional team-based model. Based on the traditional TBL model, we have integrated smart learning technologies: 1) to provide a holistic learning environment that integrates learning resources, assessment tools, and problem solving spaces; and 2) to enhance collaboration and communication between team members and between an instructor and his or her students. The S-TBL instructional approach combines: 1) individual learning and collaborative team learning; 2) conceptual learning and problem-solving & critical thinking; 3) both individual and group assessment; 4) self-directed learning and teacher-led instruction; and 5) personal reflection and publication.

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effects of team-based problem-based learning combined with smart education among nursing students. Methods: A quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group, pre-posttest design was used. The experimental group (n=36) received problem-based learning combined with smart education and lectures 7 times over the course of 7 weeks (100 minutes weekly). Control group (n=34) only received instructor-centered lectures 7 times over the course of 7 weeks (100 minutes weekly). Data were analyzed using the x2 test, the Fisher exact test, and the independent t-test with SPSS for Windows version 21.0. Results: After the intervention, the experimental group reported increased learning motivation (t=2.70, p=.009), problem-solving ability (t=2.25, p=.028), academic self-efficacy (t=4.76, p<.001), self-learning ability (t=2.78, p<.001), and leadership (t=2.78, p=.007) relative to the control group. Conclusion: Team-based problem-based learning combined with smart education and lectures was found to be an effective approach for increasing the learning motivation, problem-solving ability, academic self-efficacy, self-learning ability, and leadership of nursing students.

본 연구는 팀 기반 학습을 활용한 대학전공 수업이 학습자들의 학업성취도와 학습만족도에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 연구대상자는 사회복지학과 학생 46명으로 1~3주차는 강의식 수업과 TBL에 대한 소개를 하였으며 4~14주차까지 팀 기반 학습을 진행하였다. 이후 효과 측정은 설문지 및 인터뷰, 자유기술형 응답 등을 활용하였다. 그 결과, 팀 기반 학습을 통한 학업성취도는 강의식 수업보다 유의미하게 향상되었다. 또한 학습자들은 충실한 학습, 흥미롭고 원활한 상호작용, 능동적인 학습과 참여, 발표력과 의사소통 능력의 향상과 함께 학습만족도 역시 향상된 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러므로 향후 팀 기반 학습을 다른 교과목에도 적용해 볼 것을 제안하고자 한다.

The purpose of this study was investigating effects of TBL (Team-based learning) on the academic achievements and learning satisfaction of university students. This study subjects were 46students in social welfare department. This study surveyed instructor-led classes and orientation of TBL, which is provided from the 1st week to 3rd week. Then, TBL was performed from 4th week to 14th week. The results were found by utilizing questionnaires and interviews through free form technology, which produced effective and measured responses. So academic achievements was improved significantly better than classical explanation teaching. And also learning satisfaction was improved with students' substantial amount, interesting and seamless interaction, active learning and participation, improved presentation technique, and competence in mutual communication. I suggest that TBL should be applied to other subjects.

Purpose: This study uses a descriptive research design to identify the influence of critical thinking disposition, deep approaches to learning, and interaction between learners on the degree of nursing process confidence for nursing students. Methods: The subjects of the study were second-year students in the Department of Nursing at a university in G city. The data included general characteristics, critical thinking disposition, deep approaches to learning, learner-to-learner interaction, and nursing process confidence were analyzed utilizing an independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Scheffe's test to identify differences in the variables according to general characteristics. To identify the correlation between the factors related to the nursing process and nursing process confidence, Pearson's correlation was analyzed, and hierarchical regression was used to determine the factors affecting the confidence of the subject's nursing process. Results: Gender, critical thinking disposition, and in-depth learning approach were statistically significant as factors affecting the nursing process confidence of nursing students, and these factors were shown to explain 62% of nursing course performance (F=23.80, p<.001), among which in-depth learning access has the greatest influence (β=.41, p<.001). Conclusion: Critical thinking disposition and deep approaches to learning arbitration program development are necessary to improve nursing students' nursing process confidence.

본 연구의 목적은 학습자 중심 팀 기반 학습방법(Team Based Learning 이하tbl)이 예비간호학습자의 간호영어교과에서 경험과 효과를 확인 하고자 한다. 예비간호학습자 12명 대상으로 학습 결과 기록지, 학습관찰, 학습만족도, 학습자가 보고서, 동료평가서를 내용 분석하여 학습경험의 의미를 기술하였고 개인별, 팀별 점수는 빈도분석, 대응표본 T 검정을 통해 분석하였다. 연구결과는 1차, 2차 모두 개인별 점수보다 팀별 점수가 높았다. 협동이 잘되는 팀별 순위로 문제를 해결하였고 팀별 점수도 높았다. tbl학습 경험으로는 동료와 친밀감을 형성하며, 학습동기가 되고, 자율학습을 형성하며 학습이 용이해지고, 반복학습을 통해 어렵게 느꼈던 의학용어가 쉽게 암기되었다. 또한 팀끼리 시험을 봄으로 긴장감과 승부욕이 생기게 되어 성적향상에 도움이 된다고 하였고, 즐거운 학습시간으로 기억되었다고 하였다. 본 연구결과 예비학습자들에게 어렵게 접하는 간호영어 과목을 tbl을 통하여 학습동기를 유발하고 자율 학습을 유도하고 성적향상 및 동료와 친밀감이 형성됨을 알 수 있었다.

The purpose of this study is to find out what kind of experience and effect the learner - centered team - based learning (tbl)method has on pre - nursing learner's nursing English course. Participants were 12 preliminary nursing learner, it was analyzed through learning result recording, study observation, learning satisfaction, learner's report, peer evaluation. And described the meaning of the learning experience, individual and team scores were analyzed using frequency analysis, paired-t test. The results showed that the score of each team was higher than the score of individual in both. The tbl experience has been a form of intimacy with colleagues, a motivation for learning, self-study, easy to learn the medical terminology felt through repeated learning, to improve their score by having them secondary group test and they remembered it as a pleasant learning time.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effects of team-based learning using concept mapping on critical thinking disposition and metacognition on college of nursing students. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The experimental group was provided team-based learning using concept mapping. The control group was provided team-based learning. A total of 77 nursing students participated. Results: The experimental group increased significantly in critical thinking, however, there were no significant differences in critical thinking or metacognition between the two groups. The four essential themes extracted were as follows: (1) Expanding the scope of thinking; (2) Strengthening learning competency; (3) Enhancing communication skill; and (4) Burden of new learning method. Conclusion: The findings indicate that team-based learning using concept maps may be an effective teaching-learning method for nursing students.

본 연구는 팀 기반 학습방법을 고위험 임부간호교육에 적용하여 학생들의 학업성취도, 문제해결능력 및 의사소통능력에 미치는 효과를 검증하기 위한 동등성 대조군 전후 실험설계연구이다. 연구대상은 J도에 소재한 간호학과 2학년 중 실험군 60명, 대조군 60명으로 총 120명이었다. 주 1회, 8주간 프로그램을 실시하였으며 실시 전과 후에 학업성취도, 문제해결능력 및 의사소통능력을 측정하였다. 측정된 자료는 ${\chi}^2-test$와 Fisher's exact test, independent t-test, paired t-test로 분석하였다. 연구결과 학업성취도에서는 두 군 간의 유의한 차이가 없었으나(1차 시험: p=.38, 2차 시험: p=.26) 학습자의 문제해결능력과 의사소통능력을 증진시켰다(p<.001). 그러므로 본 연구는 팀 기반 학습이 고위험 임부간호교육에서 학생들의 문제해결능력과 의사소통능력을 향상시키는데 효과적임을 파악한 점에서 연구의 의의를 지니며, 향후 다른 간호학 전공 분야의 효과적인 교수법으로 확대적용 할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of team based learning on academic achievement, problem solving skill, and communication ability in high risk pregnant nursing. This experimental study is designed for a equivalent control group. The program was put into practice 1 times a week for 8 weeks. The number of subjects in this research consists of 120, where 60 of the experimental group participated in team based learning program and 60 of the control group didn't do. The data was analyzed by ${\chi}^2-test$, Fisher's exact test, independent t-test, and paired t-test. The effects of team based learning approaches on learning outcomes in high risk pregnant nursing are as follows: The problem solving skill of the experimental group has been significantly more elevated than that of the control group. The experimental group has made increase in communication ability. This study has significance in that it identified the availability of the team based learning program and that it would be useful teaching and learning method to achieve learning outcomes.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impact of implementing team-based learning (TBL) in postpartum nursing simulation practical education for nursing college students. Methods: The study design was a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. 128 nursing students divided into two groups: 61 in the experiment group and 67 in the control group. During the winter break in January 2023, students participating in simulation practicals were assigned to the control group, while students participating in simulation practicals during the regular semester (April 2023) were assigned to the experimental group, to prevent cross- ontamination between the groups due to experimental treatment. Both groups completed self- dministered questionnaires to assess self-directed learning abilities, collaborative self-efficacy, academic achievement, and learning satisfaction. Results: The experimental group showed significantly better compared to the control group, the experimental group showed higher levels of academic achievement and learning satisfaction. Conclusion: It was evident that TBL applied to postpartum nursing simulation practical education is a pedagogical teaching strategy that enhances academic achievement and learning satisfaction. It is necessary to develop and apply team-based simulation practical education not only for challenging obstetric cases but also for labor and delivery nursing, antepartum nursing, and other related areas in clinical practice.

본 연구의 목적은 치위생학과 팀기반 수업에서 지필시험, 팀별평가, 팀원평가, 자기평가 등 다양한 학생평가방법을 비교하는 것이다. 분석대상은 2016, 2017학년도에 '구강보건교육학 실습' 교과목을 수강한 학생들의 점수이고, 기술통계, Spearman 상관분석, 왜도와 첨도, Mann-Whitney U 검정 등의 분석방법을 사용하였다. 네 가지 학생평가방법 중 자기평가와 팀원평가만 정적인 상관관계를 보였고, 팀원평가보다 자기평가를 관대하게 하였으며, 자기평가점수가 가장 중심화되어 있었다. 자기평가 여부에 따라 동료평가 점수의 관대화와 중심화 경향을 비교한 결과, 자기평가를 실시한 그룹에서 팀원평가를 더 관대하게 했으며, 더 중심화되게 평가하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 치위생학과 팀기반 학습에서 각종 평가방법에 대해 비교하고 자기평가 여부에 따라 동료평가 결과에 차이가 있다는 것을 발견했다는 데에 의의가 있다.

The purpose of this study is to compare student evaluation methods in team based learning classes for dental hygiene students. The subjects of this study were the score of dental hygiene students who took the courses of 'oral health education practice'. The analysis methods were spearman correlation analysis, skewness, kurtosis and Mann-Whitney U test. As a result, there was a significant correlation between the self-evaluation and peer-evaluation. Self-evaluation showed lenience tendency rather than peer-evaluation and self-evaluation found the highest central tendency. The peer-evaluation result was more lenience and more central in the group where self-evaluation was performed.

Purpose: This study was conducted to delve into the perceptions of nursing students regarding the roles of learners and instructors in the context of team-based learning. Methods: The participants in the study were 23 fourth-year nursing students who had completed a team-based simulation practicum course. Textual data were collected from students’ reflection journals and a post-lecture open-ended survey, and then scrutinized through a quantitative content analysis. Results: According to participating students, the roles of learners were prioritized in terms of “activeness,” “self-directed learning,” “expressing opinions,” “sharing responsibilities and collaboration,” and “acting as teachers to each other.” In addition, key aspects of the instructor’s role were identified as “correcting errors,” “directional guidance,” “providing materials,” “resolving conflicts between students,” and “support.” Conclusion: When team-based learning is applied in nursing education, the faculty must emphasize student accountability and a well-defined understanding of the instructor’s role. Various facilitating strategies should be actively explored to improve the overall quality of team dynamics.