Earticle

누설자속으로 변압기의 잔류자속을 구하는 기존의 연구에서는 전달함수를 이용하였다. 전달함수는 변압기 의 ±의 두 잔류 점을 지나는 순간에 측정한 잔류자속과 동일한 순간에 변압기 밖에서 구한 누설자속으로 구하였 다. 본 연구에서는 전달함수를 구하지 않고 동작 최대의 누설자속과 잔류자속에 의한 누설자속의 비를 계산하여 잔류자속을 구하는 방법이 가능함을 확인하였다. 이 방법의 장점은 전류잡음으로 인한 전달함수의 불확정성을 피 하는 것이다. 그리고 센서의 잡음을 측정하여 잡음의 드리프트가 측정결과에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 잔류 누 설 자속밀도를 센서의 드리프트인 80nT와 비교하면 거리 10mm에서는 약 66배, 100mm에서는 5배 이상이었다. 측정거리 100mm는 본 연구에서 얻어진 잔류자속을 구하기 위한 최대 측정 거리였다.

In previous studies to obtain the residual magnetic flux of the transformer using the leakage magnetic flux, a transfer function was used. The transfer function was consisted with the leakage magnetic flux measured outside the transformer and the residual magnetic flux measured at the moment passing through the two ± residual points. In this study, a method of calculating the ratio of the maximum operating leakage flux to the residual leakage flux was proposed The advantage of this method is to avoid the uncertainty of the transfer function due to current noise. Then, the noise of the sensor was measured to investigate the effect of the drift of the noise on the measurement results. Comparing the residual leakage magnetic flux density with 80nT of the drift noise, 66 times or more at a distance of 10 mm and 5 times or more at a distance of 100 mm were obtained. 100mm was the maximum measurement distance to obtain the residual magnetic flux.

We consider a optical system as a communicated channel, it consisted of many element transfer information. Then, it`s very important to know how it is operate well for specific proposal. Photosensitive material is important part of many optical systems, its OTF characteristics need to be clearly understood if the performance of the overall system is to evaluated. We tested a holographic photosensitive material, basically similar to photographic material. Sayce logarithm test chart which has a variable spatial frequency squarewave test pattern. We used one of square bar, as a edge. In order to determine OTF, the first step is to convert the microdensitometer trace to an equivalent effective exposure trace by means of the characteristic curve and the second step is to analyse the effective exposure data to know image quality. As a result, we can evaluate a holographic material to use a OTF concept except a diffraction efficiency.

MT 전달함수의 추정과정에서 로버스트 방법의 적용은 현재 전자탐사 분야에서 일반적이다. 적절하게 고안되고 적용된 로버스트 방법은 출력 채널인 전기장에 포함되어 있는 외치의 영향을 감소시킬 수 있으나, HLP(High leverage point)라 불리우는 자기장(입력 채널)의 외치에 종종 민감하지 못하다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위해 HLP의 영향을 최소화할 수 있는 BI(Bounded Influence) 추정이 제안되었고, 전통적인 로버스트 방법보다 신뢰성 있는 전달함수를 제공하는 것으로 보고되었다. 이는 BI 추정이 M-추정을 적용함과 동시에 자기장 성분만으로 결정되는 모자행렬의 통계적인 특성을 고려하여 가중치를 부여하는 방법이기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 전달함수 추정과정에 BI 추정을 적용하고, 이와 더불어 전처리 단계로서 전자기장의 통계적 분포를 이용해 주파수 영역에서 극단적인 전기장과 자기장 자료의 영향을 감소시키는 기법(RMP; Rejection based on median power)을 개발하였다. 개발된 전처리 기법은 BI 추정으로 제거될 수 없는 자료를 주파수 영역에서 효과적으로 제거하는 것으로 생각된다. 본 연구에서 개발된 기법의 효율성과 장점은 합성 자료와 현장 자료를 이용하여 도시될 것이다.

Robust magneto-telluric (MT) response function estimators are now in standard use in electromagnetic induction research. Properly devised and applied, these methods can reduce the influence of unusual data (outlier) in the response (electric field) variable, but often not sensitive to exceptional predictor (magnetic field) data, which are termed leverage point. A bounded influence (BI) estimator is described to limit the influence of both outlier and leverage point, and has been proven to consistently yield more reliable MT response function estimates than conventional robust approach. The BI　estimator combines a standard robust M-estimator with leverage weighting based on the statistics of the hat matrix diagonal, which is a standard statistical measure of unusual predictors. In this study, further extensions to MT data analysis are proposed, including an establishment of data rejection criterion which reduce the influence of both electric and magnetic outlier in frequency domain based on statistical distribution of electromagnetic field. The rejection scheme developed in this study (RMP: Rejection based on median power) seems to have an effective performance on eliminating extreme data, which is even not removed by BI estimator, in frequency domain. The effectiveness and advantage of these developments are illustrated for synthetic and real MT data.

본 연구에서는 변조전달함수(Modulation transfer function, MTF)를 이용한 컴퓨터 방사선영상의 감도 노출 분류에 따른 공간분해능을 평가하여 컴퓨터 방사선영상 획득의 기초자료로 제시하고자 하였다. 본 실험에서는 100 μmm 픽셀의 영상판을 이용하여 엣지법의 MTF를 측정하였다. 방사선 선질은 IEC 61267에서 권고하고 있는 RQA5를 이용하였다. X-선이 조사된 영상판은 감도 노출 분류를 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 600, 800, 1200으로 각각 설정한 후 디지털 영상화하였다. 최종 획득된 영상들은 공인된 영상분석 프로그램인 image J와 Origin 8.0을 이용하여 MTF 50%와 10%를 구하여 평가하였다. 그 결과 감도 노출 분류 200에서 가장 우수한 MTF 50%(1.979 ± 0.114 lp/mm)와 MTF 10%(3.932 ± 0.041)의 공간주파수를 구하였다. 따라서 골절 등과 같이 높은 공간분해능을 요구하는 질병진단에 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

The purpose of the study was to present basic data to evaluation of the spatial resolution for exposure class(EC) in computed radiography(CR) by using the modulation transfer function(MTF). In this study, MTF was measured the edge method by using image plate(IP) of 100 μmm pixels. A standard beam quality RQA5 based on an international electro-technical commission(IEC) standard was used to perform the X-ray imaging studies. Digital imaging began to set the sensitivity to EC 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 600, 800, 1200 in X-ray irradiated to IP. The MTF 50% and 10% in the final images was analysis by using an authorized image analysis program the Origin 8.0 and the image J. As a results, the EC 200 was the best spatial resolution at MTF 50% (1.979 ± 0.114 lp/mm) and MTF 10% (3.932 ± 0.041). Therefore, the EC 200 could be useful for the diagnosis of diseases that require high spatial resolution such as fractures.

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of transfer of training approach on cognitive function and functional recovery and the difference in the stroke patterns of adult stroke patients with affected cognitive function. Twenty stroke patients were participated ; 8 males and 12 females, the age ranged from 34 to 73. By the classification of diagnosis, 10 subjects were cerebral infarction and 10 subjects were cerebral hemorrhage, by the classification of affected side, 11 Rt hemiplegic patients, 9 Lt hemiplegic patients who were above at least post onset 2 month to a year. It was evaluated and analyzed pre and post treatment with MMSE and FIM, and the method of transfer of training approach was practiced every 30 min a day for a month. The data were analyzed by t-test and one way ANOVA. The results of this study were as follows: 1. There was significant in the effect of transfer of training approach on cognitive function of stroke patinets. 2. There was significant in the effect of transfer of training approach on functional recovery of stroke patients. 3. There was a significant difference in the effect of treatment in the group of cerebral infarction.

Recognizing the problems such as the current execute process makes the bankruptcy process difficult to implement the bankruptcy trial resulted in the weakening of the function of the bankruptcy system and the public´s perception of bankruptcy is backward problems that lead to the deficiency of the bankruptcy system In order to solve the problems ofdifficulty in bankruptcyanddifficulty in execution, China has established the system of execute case transfer to bankruptcy review. After the establishment of the system, the theoretical and practical circles have shown great enthusiasm for research, scholars from the theoretical field emphasize on the choice of the starting mode, the path optimization and the concept of due process. But the experts in the practical field focus on improving the operability of the system. This article focuses on optimizing the function of execute the case transfer to bankruptcy review system, on the basis of analyzing the abnormal situation of the system, it analyzes its special function orientation, transfer of an enterprise legal person who is unable to repay or comply with the bankruptcy conditions to bankruptcy proceedings to solve the problem of liquidation. And think that In order to achieve this function, when establish this system it should focuses on the convergence of executive procedures and bankruptcy procedures from all aspects in order to give full play to the bridge function of the system. However, at present, the system has entered a difficult position in judicial practice, and the expected function of the system has not been brought into full play. It is not difficult to find out the reasons for it, The system has been neglected because of the internal system construction, namely, the execution system, the bankruptcy trial system and the execute of the case transfer to bankruptcy review system it also includes the influence of external operation environment including supporting system and bankruptcy concept. Therefore, this article advocates perfecting the system from two aspects: internal system and external operation environment. On the perfection of the internal system, strictly prohibit the execution of the court use the way of end the execution of the program to business entity to solve the situation that the debtor can´t pay off. Set up independent bankruptcy court and professional bankruptcy team. Further refining the linkage mechanism between the executive system and the bankruptcy system. With the perfection of the internal system, provide a strong system guarantee for the execute the case transfer to bankruptcy review system. As far as the optimization of external operation environment is concerned, we must strengthen hard system supply and soft culture construction, create a good external environment for ensuring the operation of the system and giving full play to its functions.

본 연구에서는 다중 사용자 환경의 볼륨 가시화(Volume Rendering)에서 변환 함수(Transfer Function)의 최적화 방안을 연구한다. 볼륨 데이터에 따라 필요한 변환 함수의 형태가 다르기 때문에 여러 번의 시행착오를 겪어야 필요한 변환 함수를 얻을 수 있는데, 이를 방지하기 위해 크라우드 소싱 기법을 이용하여 변환 함수의 파라미터를 최적화 하는 방안을 제안한다. 다중 사용자 환경에서 각 사용자마다 신뢰도에 따른 레벨을 지정하여 가중치로 사용한다. 이전 사용자가 사용했던 변환 함수 파라미터는 가중치만큼 다음 사용자에게 제공되기 때문에 다음 사용자는 변환 함수의 최적 파라미터를 찾기 위한 시도횟수를 줄일 수 있다.

times. To prevent this, we propose transfer function optimization plan using crowd sourcing. In multi user environment, we use weight value for reliability level for each user. Because transfer function parameter used previous users is provided next users, they can be used effectively optimized transfer function and can reduce attempts. This Study is Transfer function optimization plan of volume rendering of multi user environment. Each volume data, for appropriate transfer function, they should be adjusted parameter many times. To prevent this, we propose transfer function optimization plan using crowd sourcing. In multi user environment, we use weight value for reliability level for each user. Because transfer function parameter used previous users is provided next users, they can be used effectively optimized transfer function and can reduce attempts.

In order to explore the adaptability and relationship of planter to field surface roughness, dynamic simulated testing was carried out on working performance of the designed direct seeding machine in field. The designed dynamic testing system of field surface roughness is composed of the roughness test devices, two angular displacement sensors, data acquisition card and computer, etc.. Through field test, the two types of field surface roughness were detected on the original field surface roughness formed by the working chassis and the field surface roughness formed after planters work. The signals during testing were analyzed in time-domain and frequency-domain by using Matlab software. The transfer functions of the system were established, and the dynamic characteristics of the system were analyzed. The results show that, the system is a linear one with the typical first order feature. The dynamic characteristics of the systems such as response speed, frequency bandwidth and thickness of covering soil and other performance indicators are able to meet the requirements of agricultural technology. The studied results provide a new method to explore the adaptability of the planter for field surface roughness, and provide technical references to study the overburden soil performance of the planter.

For system analysis and design purposes, it is meaningful discussion to define control system pole status whether a pole is significant or not. If a pole is less important, it can be canceled from the transfer function of system and system order is reduced. In this paper a method for system order reduction of transfer function using Rationalized Haar functions based on approximation and transform algorithm is presented. The Haar function set forms a complete set of orthogonal rectangular functions such as Walsh and block pulse functions. But the Haar functions have some disadvantages of calculation because of including irrational numbers such as ± sp, (p = 1, 2, ..). The Rationalized Haar functions were introduced by M. Ohkita to overcome these disadvantages. The Rationalized Haar functions constitute of rational numbers only. The applied method to solve the system order reduction of transfer function problem is superior to conventional numerical methods.

In this paper, we derive a transfer function of cross-coupled microwave filter systems by using a characteristics of chain matrices. Depending on the lumped element of capacitor or inductor, the cross-coupled system is negatively- or positively system. We used a ladder network as a starting system composed of several subsystems connected in chain. Each subsystem is descrived by Laplace impedance. By solving the transmission zero characteristic equation derived from the cascaded subsystems, we can find the zeros of filter system with externally cross-coupled lumped elements. With the cross-coupled elements of capacitors, the numerator polynomial of system transfer function is used to locate the quadruplet zeros in complex plane. We show the polynomoials of numerator and denominator of cascaded transfer function, obtaining the zeros of the cross-coupled system.

This research applied the model that simulates the effects of inflow water quality, treatment flow rate and outflow water quality on drinking water treatment plant. The model is not a physical chemistry model. However it can evaluate the performance of sedimentation process as a statistical model. The model used transfer function ARIMA model for the prediction of turbidity on sedimentation reservoir outflow. By using the applied model, performance evaluation was executed according to the control factor per process. Coefficients of determination of the selected model were 0.95 in case of using optimal model for the transfer function model, and predictive results were estimated 0.99. Transfer function ARIMA model can replicate dynamic status of system where it is possible to diagnose system using the model in the perspective of expressing actual operation status.

The non-source temperature calibration method of the multi-spectral pyrometer (MSP), put forward in the previous article, is the non-source calibration method based on the MSP transfer function (NCCTF). In this paper, the practicability of NCCTF is researched. The situations that maybe encountered of the temperature points in the actual calibration process are simulated. The impact of the intervals temperature points of different number and unequal intervals temperature points on the NCCTF accuracy are researched theoretically to determine the temperature points select method. Simulation experimental results show that the NCCTF can meet the actual calibration process with good usability.

RFID technology has increasingly used in the various fields of our lives, and in the entire life cycle of the tag, there may be several ownership changes. Therefore, it is very important to protect the security and privacy of customer’s information during transferring. Combining with the physical characteristics of the anti-clone tag and the low-cost requirement, we proposed a lightweight ownership transfer protocol using Physically Unclonable Function (PUF) to achieve a safe ownership transfer. Through using formal analysis, it shows that this protocol can also resist reply attack, desynchronization attack, tampering attack, to protect the old and the new owner’s private information.

It is important to estimate exactly wave forces acting on various types of offshore structures under the severe environmental conditions in the ocean site. This paper presents an easy experimental method which deals with transient waves. The proposed scheme made it possible to generate breaking waves at any position in the wave tank by changing the maximum slope of the component waves. The theoretical and experimental methods were investigated by generating concentrated waves which acted on a single and multiple cylinders. The waves forces increased rapidly when the models encountered breaking waves. The theoretical results underestimates the forces due to breaking waves. Therefore, the effects due to breaking waves should be considered carefully in the design process of a structure under the influence of breaking waves.