Earticle

본 연구의 목적은 교대근무 남자간호사의 실무 적응 경험에 대하여 총체적으로 해석하는 데 있으며, 의미와 본질을 이해하기 위함이다. 자료수집 기간은 2022년 09월부터 2022년 11월까지였으며 상급종합병원 및 종합병원, 전문병원, 요양 병원에서 근무하는 남자간호사 9명을 대상으로 내용의 포화가 될 때까지 심층면담을 진행하였다. 자료 분석은 Colaizzi의 현 상학적 연구 방법에 따라 적용하였고 연구 결과 4개의 범주와 11개의 주제를 도출하였다. 4개의 범주는 ‘교대근무로 인한 변 화’, ‘성별 차이에서 오는 어려움’, ‘업무수행을 위한 적응’, ‘미래를 위한 성장과 방향성’으로 구성되었다. 본 연구를 통하여 교대근무 남자간호사의 실무 적응 경험에 대한 의미를 탐색할 수 있었으며, 간호업무 수행을 위한 근무환경 개선 방안과 남자 간호사의 역량 강화 프로그램 개발 및 적용이 필요하다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

The purpose of this study is to comprehensively interpret the practical adaptation experience of male nurses working shifts and to understand the meaning and essence. The data collection period was from September 2022 to November 2022 and in-depth interviews were conducted with 9 male nurses working at tertiary general hospitals, general hospitals, special hospitals and long-term care hospitals until content saturation. Data analysis was applied according to Colaizzi's phenomenological research method, and as a result of the study, 4 categories, and 11 theme were derived. The 4 categories consisted of ‘Changes due to shift work’, ‘Difficulties arising from gender differences’, ‘Adaptation for job performance’, and ‘Growth and direction for the future’. Through this study, it was possible to explore the meaning of the practical adaptation experience of male nurses working in shifts, and it was found that it was necessary to develop and apply work environment improvement plans and male nurses' capacity building programs for nursing work.

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between work types (fixed night shift, rotating night shift, and fixed daytime work) and workers' health. Methods : The data were from the 7th Korean Working Conditions Survey (2023), focusing on questions related to night and shift work. The study analyzed 348 workers on fixed night shifts, 629 on rotating night shifts, and 44,907 on fixed day shifts. Results : The results showed that workers on rotating night shifts experienced higher levels of sleep-maintenance insomnia and non-restorative sleep compared to those on fixed night shifts and day shifts. Workers on rotating night shifts have also been shown to be most vulnerable to mental health problems. The risk of experiencing generalized fatigue was highest among fixed night shift workers. Conclusion : As the number of night shift workers steadily increases, ongoing efforts to improve their health are essential. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and reorganize various strategies and systems to effectively address these challenges.

Purpose: This study examined the effects of general, occupational, and sleep-related characteristics on sleep quality in firefighters using the Korean version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-K). Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from August 15 to 31, 2025 among 217 firefighters working in regions C and D. Data were collected using a self-administered online questionnaire. Sleep quality was assessed using the PSQI-K. Differences in sleep quality according to general, occupational, and sleep-related characteristics were analyzed using the chi-square test. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with the PSQI-K total scores. Results: The mean PSQI-K score was 7.37±3.52, and 37.3% of participants were classified as poor sleepers (PSQI-K≥8.5). Significant differences in sleep quality were observed according to educational level, job type, work schedule, experience with sleep-related symptoms, treatment history, and the timing of sleep problem recognition. In the multiple regression analysis, experience of sleep-related symptoms(β=-.482, p<.001) and treatment history (β=-.168, p=.004) were significantly associated with PSQI-K total scores. The overall regression model was statistically significant (F=13.117, p<.001), explaining 38.9% of the variance in sleep quality. Conclusion: Sleep-related symptoms and treatment history were significantly associated with sleep quality in firefighters. These findings suggest that sleep health problems are closely related to sleep quality in firefighters, and highlight the importance of systematic sleep health management in fire service organizations.

Purpose: This study looks at the prevalence rate of such metabolic syndrome among shift workers and aims to figure out related risk factors. Method: Data from night duty workers who had special medical examinations in 2014, in a university hospital situated in Incheon, were used. Data of 343 people taking medicine for high blood pressure, diabetes and hyperlipidemia were discarded. Of the remaining 3,305 people, data on their blood pressure, diabetes, waist measurement, neutral fat level and HDL cholesterol level were used. Results: In this study, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in shift workers was found to be 12.7% by applying NCEP's ATPⅢ diagnostic criteria. By analyzing the effects of subjects’ general characteristics, lifestyle and job-related characteristics on prevalence of metabolic syndrome using logistic regression analysis, we found out that prevalence rate was higher for those who are older, are men, smoke and do not exercise have worked in shift for over 10 years, work for over 52 hours a week on average, have worked for more than 4 consecutive days on night duty, have less than 11 hours of rest after work, are not allowed to sleep during working hours. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the result that it is important to help shift workers protect their health through setting reasonable working hours, improving working condition, promoting healthy lifestyle and providing customized management plans that take individual characteristics into consideration.

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of general hospital nurses' sleep disturbance and organizational commitment on job satisfaction. Methods : The data were collected using structured questionnaires from 180 nurses working at 3 general hospitals located in Seoul and Gyeonggi. The collected data were analyzed using the mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis using SPSS 21.0. Results : As a result, sleep disturbance was average of 3.02 out of 5, organizational commitment was average of 2.76 out of 5, and job satisfaction was 2.87 out of 5. Sleep disturbance, organizational commitment and job satisfaction were statistically correlated. Organizational commitment (β=.59, p<.001) and total length of clinical career (β=.12, p=.031) had a significant effect on job satisfaction. This factors explained 44.7% of job satisfaction (F=21.67, p<.001). Conclusion : Based on the results of this study, in order to increase the job satisfaction of hospital nurses, it is necessary to systematically improve the intervention method to promote sleep and an appropriate compensation system for organizational commitment.

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to identify the risk factors associated with hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia in shift work male guard workers using night job special medical examination data. Methods : The subjects of this study were 289 security workers who had been tested for night health special medical examinations for two years in 2017 and 2018 at a university hospital in Seoul. The research results are as follows. Results : Analysis of the symptoms that affect the occurrence of hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia suggests that older or other irregular work increases the incidence of hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia. Conclusion : Various studies are needed to find risk factors for chronic diseases according to the shift work type and use them as data for institutional improvement. In particular, it is most important to improve irregular shift work patterns.

Purpose This study aimed to identify the working conditions (working hours, overtime work, number of night shifts, number of holidays, and work intervals) associated with fatigue, based on the shift patterns, and determine their thresholds. Methods From January to February 2020, a web-based questionnaire was sent to 4601 shift work nurses at 47 hospitals in Japan. The multivariate logistic analysis was conducted to predict high- and low-fatigue groups by working conditions, and receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to clarify the high-fatigue thresholds by shift pattern. Results A total of 386 shift work nurses participated in this study. The threshold (fatigue was 3.0 or higher) of the two-shift rotation was 9 hours 50 minutes for daily working hours during day shifts (Odds ratio [OR] = 1.57, p < .01), 17 hours 15 minutes for daily working hours during night shifts (OR = 1.20, p < .01), and 8.0 days for the number of night shifts (OR = 1.09, p = .02). The threshold of the three-shift rotation was 9 hours 45 minutes (OR = 1.59, p < .01), 2.9 days for the number of midnight shifts (OR = 1.53, p < .01), and 2.0 times for the interval between day-shift and night-shifts within 12 hours (OR = 1.39, p < .01). Conclusion Working hours and the number of night shifts are important for two-shift rotation, and working hours for the assignment of midnight shift are important for three-shift rotations. Nurse managers should manage shifts according to nurses’ shift patterns.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the specific learning needs of patients within the experimental group after receiving the Individualized Self-Care Program (ISCP) at two key time points: Time 2 (Day 2, Week 1) and Time 3 (Day 15, Week 3). Furthermore, it aimed to compare the effectiveness of the ISCP in improving self-care behavior between the experimental group and the control group, which received standard health education. Methods: The study utilized a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design and included a consecutive sample of 128 patients who had undergone their first Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) procedure. These patients were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group (n = 64) and the control group (n = 64). The experimental group received an ISCP at Time 2 and Time 3 after being discharged, whereas the control group received standard health education. Statistical analyses included paired t-tests to assess differences in learning needs over time and Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to evaluate the effectiveness of the ISCP on self-care behavior. Results: A paired t-test indicated a statistically significant difference in the total number of learning needs identified within the experimental group between Time 2 and Time 3 assessments. Patients in the experimental group initially identified more learning needs at Time 2 (4.3 ± 1.5), but their knowledge significantly improved at Time 3, leading to fewer learning needs (2.6 ± 1.1). Furthermore, an ANOVA comparing the experimental and control groups showed that the ISCP effectively improved self-care behavior in the experimental group, with significantly greater improvements compared to the control group, which received standard health education. Conclusion: ISCP delivered in early recovery enhances self-care behaviors and addresses postdischarge gaps. The study also revealed that patients' learning needs change over time during home recovery, emphasizing the importance of tailored self-care programs for CABG patients after discharge.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of grit and body composition on fatigue and burnout in shift-working nurses. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design using self-report questionnaires was employed. Data were collected between February and April 2021 from 192 shift-working nurses in 22 units of C tertiary hospitals. Of the 192, 175 nurses returned their completed questionnaires (return rate: 91.1%). The participants objectively measured their body composition for three consecutive days using a home body composition measurement scale. Results: Nurses with higher consistency of interest were more likely to have lower chronic fatigue (B=-5.23, p=.013), lower emotional exhaustion (B=-2.75, p<.001), and decreased depersonalization (B=-1.08, p=.014). Perseverance of effort was not statistically significant for fatigue; however, it was statistically significant for higher personal accomplishment among the subdomains of burnout (B=2.50, p<.001). Skeletal muscle mass and body mass index had no significant effect on fatigue and burnout. Conclusion: To reduce fatigue and burnout in shift-working nurses, comprehensive efforts at the organizational and individual levels should be implemented to increase their grit. Further research is needed to determine whether body composition affects fatigue and burnout in shift-working nurses.

Early smart-work of company K was a technology-led way of applying ICT such as smart phones and mobile devices to business. After company K perceived the limitations of ICT-driven smart work, it propelled the work-smart, doing a work smart toward the way that human beings become central and a creative organizational culture is engendered. Company K propelled work-smart strategy in eight categories: simplification of data requirements, establishment efficient meeting culture, streamlining reporting and approval process, simplified document creation, overtime decrease, spreading flexible work system, settlement of healing leave, creating work-smart place. Company K set up an organizational culture secretariat dedicated to work-smart promotion and selected task priorities in consideration of urgency and effectiveness. Owing to such efforts, the company K's work-smart index rose sharply to 72 points this year from 56 points in the previous year. At the organizational culture survey, employees responded that organizational culture improved in all area. For a better future, company K analyzed its work-smart outcomes and planned progressively to improve its work-smart efforts based on employees opinions. This case study will serve as a guideline, for companies to make efforts to going forward to today work-smart beyond yesterday smart-work.

목적: 본 연구는 간호사 교대제 개선 시범사업에 참여하는 병동과 참여하지 않는 병동 간호사의 일과 생활 균형, 이직의도 및 팀워크를 비교하기 위해 수행되었다. 방법: 본 연구는 서술적 비교 조사 연구이다. 연구대상은 B광역시에 소재한 D대학병원에 근무하는 간호사 201명으로, 이 중 시범사업 참여군 71명과 비참여군 130명이 포함되었다. 자료수집은 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 2025년 8월 1일부터 31일까지 이루어졌다. 수집된 자료는 IBM SPSS Statistics 29.0 프로그램을 이용하여 기술통계, t-test, chi-square test 및 one-way ANOVA로 분석하였다. 결과: 교대제 개선 시범사업 참여군은 비참여군보다 일과 생활 균형이 유의하게 높았으며(t=2.03, p=.044), 하부 영역 중 일-여가 양립(t=2.42, p=.016)과 일-성장 양립(t=2.00, p=.047)에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 반면, 이직의도와 팀워크에서는 두 집단 간 유의한 차이가 없었다. 일반적 특성에 따른 차이에서 일과 생활 균형은 미혼 및 남성 간호사에서 유의하게 높았다(t=2.23, p=.029). 이직의도는 학력이 대졸 이하인 경우(t=2.56, p=.012)와 현 부서 경력이 3~5년인 경우(F=4.63, p=.012)에 높았다. 팀워크는 경력이 3년 미만인 군에서 가장 높았다(F=3.45, p=.035). 결론: 교대제 개선 시범사업 참여는 간호사의 일과 생활 균형, 특히 여가 및 전문적 성장 측면에서 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 이직의도나 팀워크와는 유의한 관련성이 확인되지 않았는데, 이는 해당 변수들이 교대근무 체계 외에도 다양한 외적 요인에 의해 더 큰 영향을 받을 수 있음을 시사한다.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare work-life balance, turnover intention, and teamwork between nurses in wards participating in a shift work improvement pilot program and those in non-participating wards. Methods: In this comparative descriptive study, 201 nurses working at D University hospital located in B city, including 71 participants in the pilot program and 130 non-participants. Data were collected from August 1 to August 31, 2025, using a structured questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 29.0 including descriptive statistics, t-tests, χ tests, and one-way ANOVA. Results: The results of this study indicated that participation in the shift improvement pilot program significantly enhanced nurses' work-life balance (t=2.03, p=.044), particularly in the work-leisure (t=2.42, p=.016) and work-growth (t=2.00, p=.047), whereas no significant differences were found in turnover intention or teamwork between the groups. Regarding individual characteristics, work-life balance was significantly higher among unmarried and male nurses (t=2.23, p=.029). Turnover intention was notably higher among those with a bachelor’s degree or lower (t=2.56, p=.012) and those with 3 to 5 years of experience in their current department (F=4.63, p=.012). Teamwork was reported at higher levels by nurses with less than 3 years of experience (F=3.45, p=.035). Conclusion: Participation in the shift work improvement pilot program was associated with higher work-life balance, particularly in relation to leisure and professional growth. However, participation was not associated with differences in turnover intention or teamwork, suggesting that these outcomes may be influenced by factors beyond shift work arrangements.

목적: 보건복지부 야간근무 가이드라인에 따른 간호사의 교대근무와 근무표에 대한 인식을 분석하기 위함이다. 방법: 연구대상자는 2020년 9월 한 달간의 근무표, 각 근무조의 정규근무시간, 근무조 당 시간외근무시간에 대한 질문에 응답한 487명의 간호사였다. 간호사의 근무표에 대한 인식은 만족도, 일-생활 균형 적합도, 공평성에 대해 측정하였다. 결과: 응답자의 1/3이 주당 40시간 이상 근무를 하였고, 근무조 당 평균 1.14시간의 시간외근무를 하였다. 비사회적 근무시간은(주중 오후 8시 이후와 오전 6시 이전, 주말과 공휴일 0시부터 24시) 전체 근무시간의 56.4%였다. 9월 마지막 야간근무 시 간호사는 평균 9.62시간 동안 근무하였고, 휴게시간은 39분이었으며 20.5%의 응답자는 휴게시간이 없었다. 68.0%의 간호사는 연속된 야간근무 후 다음 근무까지 휴게시간이 48시간 미만이었던 경험을 적어도 한 번 이상 하였다. 57.0%는 그들의 근무표에 만족하고 있었다. 1/3의 응답자는 그들의 근무표가 일-생활 균형을 이루기에 적합하다고 하였고, 2/3은 주말 휴무일과 야간근무가 병동 내에서 공평하게 배분되었다고 인식하였다. 근무시간과 시간외 근무시간은 간호사의 근무표에 대한 인식 3문항과 모두 역의 상관관계가 있었다. 비사회적 근무시간의 비중이 높고, 야간근무 시 휴게시간이 없을수록 공평성에 대한 인식은 낮았다. 결론: 근무시간을 줄이고 야간근무 시 휴게시간을 보장하며, 비사회적 근무시간에 대한 보상을 늘이는 것이 근무표에 대한 간호사의 인식을 향상시키고 교대근무로 인한 이직을 줄이기 위해 요구된다.

Purpose: To analyze nurses’ shift work according to the government guidelines for night work and their perceptions of their work schedules. Methods: The study sample included 487 nurses who provided information on their schedules, including the normal working hours of each shift, and overtime per shift during September 2020. Nurses’ perceptions were measured in terms of satisfaction, appropriateness for work-life balance, and fairness to their work schedule. Results: One-third of the respondents worked more than 40 hours per week. The average overtime hour was 1.14 hours per shift. Unsocial hours (8 pm to 6 am on weekdays, midnight to midnight on weekends and public holidays) accounted for 56.4% of all working hours. During their last night shift, on average, nurses worked 9.62 hours and had a break of 39 minutes, although 20.5% reported no break. Sixty-eight percent of nurses had at least one between-shift break shorter than 48 hours after a consecutive night shifts. Fifty-seven percent were satisfied with their schedule. One-third perceived their schedule as appropriate for work-life balance, and two-thirds perceived that days off on weekends and nights were fairly distributed within the unit. Working and overtime hours had an inverse relationship with all three aspects of nurses’ perceptions. A higher proportion of unsocial hours and having no breaks during the night shift were associated with lower perceptions of fairness. Conclusion: Reducing working hours, ensuring breaks during night shifts, and increasing rewards for unsocial hours are required to improve nurses’ perceptions and reduce turnover due to shift work.

-Workers' Experiences in Shift Work

Purpose: This study was conducted to provide baseline data to develop work patterns for nurses that are suitable to Korean hospitals. Shift work patterns and nurses' preferences for working condition were examined. Methods: Questionnaires for nurse departments and nurses were mailed to 478 hospitals from June 1 to July 30, 2012. Nurse departments of 174 hospitals and 1,409 nurses responded to the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical program. Results: Of the nurses, 89.4% were working three shifts. Of the hospitals, 17.3% had implemented fixed night work. Although 80% of nurses preferred fixed time work, only 24.9% of hospitals had fixed working hours. Of the nurses, 57% agreed with night work as fixed but potential night nurses accounted for only 17% of the respondents. Sixty-three percent of the nurses agreed on short time work during busy hours. There were preference differences according to age, marital status and clinical career. Conclusion: As many nurses reported a preference for various flexible working patterns rather than three shift work, there is a need for new decisions on hospital policy to ensure improved working conditions for nurses and enhanced job security. Legal requirements also need to be considered for various work patterns.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the knowledge and performance of sleep hygiene among nurses with shift work schedules and examine the influence on sleep disturbance. Methods: A total of 199 shift-work nurses from a tertiary hospital were included in the study. To examine the knowledge and performance of sleep hygiene, the participants were asked to respond to a self-reported survey. To assess sleep disturbance, the General Sleep Disturbance Scale was used. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression were applied using the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program to analyze the data. Results: Both the knowledge and performance of sleep hygiene among nurses with shift work schedules were measured at a moderate level. Nurses’ knowledge and the performance of sleep hygiene was not significantly associated with sleep disturbance, whereas age, experience with shift-working, and perceived health status were significantly associated. Conclusion: Strategies for providing more accurate information and motivating better sleep hygiene would help to enhance sleep hygiene in nurses with shift work schedules. Further studies examining the association of knowledge and the performance of sleep hygiene with sleep disturbances in nurses with shift work schedules are needed. Keywords: sleep hygiene, sleep disturbance, shift work, nurse

Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships between sleep quality, fatigue, depression and health promoting behavior by shift-work patterns in university hospital nurses. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive survey was conducted using a convenient sample. The self-administered questionnaires were given to 165 nurses(shift workers 91, non-shift workers 74) employed in two university hospital located in Seoul and Gyeunggi-do. Data were collected from February to March, 2010. Results: The shift workers showed significantly lower sleep quality and health promoting behavior, and higher fatigue than non-shift workers. There were significant correlations between fatigue, depression and health promoting behavior in shift workers. There were significant correlations between sleep quality, fatigue, depression and health promoting behavior in non-shift workers. In multiple linear regression analysis, after controlling for total work experiences, predictor of health promoting behavior in shift workers was only fatigue (β =-.29, p<.001). Predictors of health promotion behavior in non-shift workers were depression (β =-.37, p=.002) and fatigue (β =-.27, p=.023). Conclusion: This study was not clear why sleep quality does not have a comparable effect on health promotion behaviors of shift-workers as well as non-shift workers. However, future research is needed to determine the various risk factors influencing on health promotion behaviors by which shift-work pattern exacerbates fatigue.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the associations of sleep, dietary behaviors and physical activity with quality of life amongshift-work nurses. Methods: For this cross-sectional descriptive study, data were collected from 191 shift-work nurses in a tertiaryhospital. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the relationships among variables. Results: The levels of sleep quality,dietary behaviors and physical activity were low. Factors associated with quality of life among shift-work nurses included sleep disturbance(B=-0.16, β=-0.26, p<.001), dietary behaviors (B=0.28, β=0.24, p<.001), and physical activity (B=0.05, β=0.19, p<.001). The strongest factor was sleep disturbance. Conclusion: In order to improve quality of life among shift-work nurses, it is significant toencourage and maintain health behaviors such as sleep, dietary behaviors and physical activity. Under the circumstances where shiftworkcannot be avoided, personal efforts made by nurses to establish their own living standards for positive health behaviors willbenefit their quality of life.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify associations among the sleep disturbance, fatigue, job stress, and blood and body fluid (BBF) exposure of shift-work nurses. Methods: A total of 299 shift-work nurses from two tertiary hospitals were enrolled in this study. We used the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and the Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short Form (KOSS-SF) to evaluate sleep disturbance, fatigue, and job stress, respectively. The data were analyzed using t-test or chi-squared test and Logistic regression analysis using the SPSS 23.0 program. Results: We found that 43.8% of participants reported BBF expo- sure over the past year. Splash or exposure to broken skin of BBF were most frequent (56.9%), and followed by needlestick injuries (30.4%) and sharp injuries (12.8%). Age, hospital, working period, level of stress, sleep disturbance (ISI ≥ 15), fatigue (FSS score ≥ 4), job demand and organizational climate subset in KOSS-SF were significantly associated with BBF exposure in shift-work nurses. In multivariate analysis after adjusting age and hospital, the risk factors of BBF exposure in shift-work nurses were the level of stress and fatigue (FSS score ≥ 4). Conclusion: Fatigue and job stress were related to BBF exposure in shift-work nurses. Our results suggest that management of sleep disturbance, fatigue, and high job stress in shift-work nurses is needed to reduce risk of BBF exposure.

-Health Status, Healthy Behavior, and Health Promotion Program Needs of Industrial Male Workers according to Shift Work at an Workplace

목적: 본 연구는 간호사 교대제 개선 시범사업이 간호사의 교대근무 적응, 일과 삶의 균형, 이직의도에 미치는 영향과 간호사의 시범사업 참여 경험을 통합적으로 탐색해 보고자 한다. 방법: 설명적 순차설계로 혼합연구방법을 적용하였다. 참여군과 비참여군 총 1,051명의 자료를 수집하여 설문조사 분석을 시행하였다. 질적연구를 위해 교대제 개선 시범사업에 참여한 간호사 12인, 관리자 7인, 대체 간호사 3인으로 총 22명을 대상으로 포커스 그룹 인터뷰를 시행하였다. 결과: 간호사 교대제 개선 시범사업에 참여한 그룹에서 주요 변수인 교대근무 적응, 일과 삶의 균형, 이직의도의 유의한 긍정적인 효과가 있었다. 질적연구 참여자들은 교대제 개선 시범사업에 참여함으로써 생체리듬을 회복하고, 일과 삶의 균형을 실현할 수 있었고, 간호사로서 계속 일하고 싶어 했으며, 시범사업이 본 사업으로 빠르게 확대 적용되기를 희망하였다. 결론: 교대제 개선의 지속성과 제도의 확대를 위해 보상수준을 정립, 대체 간호사 운영 방식을 체계화, 교대 근무표 작성을 위한 지침 마련, 응급실 등 특수 부서 확대 시행을 제언한다.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impact of a nurse shift improvement pilot project on nurses' shiftadjustment, work-life balance, and turnover intention, as well as nurses' experiences of participating in the pilotproject. Methods: An explanatory sequential mixed-methods study was performed. Survey data was collectedfrom a total of 1,051 nurses both in participant and non-participant groups. For the qualitative study, focusgroup interviews were conducted with 22 nurses who participated in the shift improvement pilot, including12 staff nurses, 7 nurse managers, and 3 substitute nurses. Results: There were significant positive effects onthe key variables of nurses’ shift adjustment, work-life balance, and turnover intention in the group thatparticipated in the nurse shift improvement pilot project. Based on the qualitative study, participants in the shiftimprovement pilot project indicated that it enabled nurses to recover their circadian rhythm, and achieve abetter work-life balance, and they wanted to continue working as a nurse, and hoped expanded applicationof the pilot project. Conclusion: In order for expanded implementation of the pilot project and continuedimprovement in the shift system, we recommend establishing compensation standard, systematizing the useof substitute nurses, developing guidelines for shift schedules, and expanding the shift improvement pilotproject to other departments such as the emergency room.