Earticle

청소년시설의 방재 및 방화계획에는 피난 또는 청소년의 인명 안전을 도모하고 구획간 또는 인접건물로의 화재확산방지, 인명안전, 진화작업시 소방대의 안전확보 등 여러 가지 사항들이 포함되고 이러한 방재계획은 건축법, 소방법 및 관련기준 등을 적용하여 수행되어야 한다.본 연구에서 고찰한 바와 같이 청소년시설의 초기 설계단계에서부터 시공, 사용 중 유지관리 단계까지 청소년들의 안전을 위한 방재계획의 중요성을 확인하였으며, 건축계획은 물론 재난경감대책, 소방 및 피난계획 등을 종합적으로 검토하여 적용함으로써 청소년시설의 사고예방 및 재해경감에 일조할 뿐만 아니라 안전을 위한 적정수준의 법적, 제도적 보완이 마련되기를 기대한다.

The planning of fire prevention and disaster prevention regarding the youth facilities for young people should include several safety issues; for example, promoting refugee’s safety, preventing fire spread to adjoining buildings or lots and securing the safety of fire-fighting teams while putting out a fire. Such a plan for preventing disaster should be adapted for the safety issues through the law of architecture, the fire service act and related guidelines. We could demonstrate the importance of the plan for preventing disaster in order to protect the safety of residents from the beginning of a designing process of the youth facilities, construction and by the process of maintenance. Moreover, by carrying out comprehensive investigations regarding the architecture planning, the disaster mitigation planning and the fire prevention or refuge planning, legislation and institutionalization should be provided for the safety in order to prevent accidents and mitigate disasters at the youth facilities.

Recently, one of the most vital advancement in the field of finance is high-performance trading using field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The objective of this paper is to design high-performance Black Scholes option trading system on an FPGA. We implemented an efficient Black Scholes Call Option System IP on an FPGA. The IP may perform 180 million transactions per second after initial latency of 208 clock cycles. The implementation requires the 64-bit IEEE double-precision floatingpoint adder, multiplier, exponent, logarithm, division, and square root IPs. Our experimental results show that the design is highly efficient in terms of frequency and resource utilization, with the maximum frequency of 179 MHz on Altera Stratix V.

This study designed a model-based Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) software for electric vehicles. Electric vehicles have transitioned from conventional powertrains (e.g., engines and transmissions) to electric powertrains. The primary role of the VCU is to determine the optimal torque for driving control. This decision is based on the driver's power request and current road conditions. The determined torque is then transmitted to the electric drive system, which includes motors and controllers. The VCU employs an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and calibrated reference torque to enhance the electric vehicle's performance. The designed VCU software further refines the final reference torque by comparing the control logic with the torque calculation functions and ANN-generated reference torque. Vehicle tests confirmed the effective optimization of vehicle performance using the model-based VCU software, which includes an ANN.

A comprehensive understanding of functions and performances enables a selection of appropriate alternatives to the existing design and can prevent defective design. A performance-based design quality management can ensure successful project completion. This study proposes a new model for design quality management in order to prevent defective design and to minimize design change. The new quality management model defines the requirement about function and performance based on technical characteristic, and assesses suitability for design alternatives. This study attempts to propose a quality matrix assessment method that can compare the alternative design and requirements defined with the new quality management model. This method can judge conformity and suitability of design quality in accordance with the requirements configured.

본 논문에서 온라인 쇼핑몰에 적용을 목적으로 2차원 이미지에 기반한 가상 의상 착용 알고리즘 을 설계하고 개발하였다. 기존의 가상착용 시스템은 3차원 의상 및 사용자 정보에 기반하여 비용 과 시간이 많이 들어가는 문제를 가지고 있다. 본 시스템은 최근 급격히 발전된 딥러닝기술과 컴 퓨터 그래픽스 기술을 활용한다. 우선, 패션영상을 시멘틱 분할 네트워크를 사용하여 옷과 신체 를 영상분할하고, 자세 네트워크를 사용하여 의상과 사용자의 골격정보를 확보 한다. 이 두 가지 정보를 바탕으로 의상의 골격위치와 사용자의 골격위치를 일치시킴으로서 변형에 필요한 변수를 확보하고 이를 바탕으로 영상 변형을 하여 가상착용을 수행한다. 실험결과 단순한 기하형태의 옷 과 선 자세를 유지하는 패션사진과 사용자사진의 경우 만족스러운 변형 결과를 얻을 수 있었으 나 다양한 의상의 형태나 자세를 갖는 경우 원만한 착용결과를 얻을 수 없었다. 완벽한 시스템은 존재할 수 없으므로 현재 기술로 적용 가능한 의상의 범위와 문제 상황을 자세히 분석하여. 이를 바탕으로 추후 연구를 방향을 설정할 수 있도록 하였다.

We present an 2D image-based Virtual Try-On (VTON) system applicable to online shopping. The proposed method and system eliminate the need for the 3-D information requirement of clothes and humans, leveraging the recent advance in DNN-based image processing and computer graphics technology. In the first step, the cloth images are parsed into clothes and parts of a human body with a semantic segmentation network. And the pose or joint information of the cloth and human images are extracted using a pose estimation network. In the second step, the segmented cloth and joint information are jointly used for matching and deforming the cloth images onto a target human image. From our full implementation and preliminary trial, many successful result with from simple shaped and posed cloths and pose images demonstrates the feasibility of VTON system. However, we also observed many failed cases due to the diverse cloth and poses. We discuss the causes of failures to identify the applicable area of the current state-of-the art technology for commercial level VTON, and long term key problems for a future VTON system.

최근 급변하는 사회 환경에 따라 유연한 사고력 및 문제해결능력 등을 갖춘 창의·융합형 실무 인재 양성이 중요해지고 있다. 따라서 대학은 학생들이 다학제적으로 협력하고 융합하여 학교에서 배운 내용을 토대로 실무현장의 프로젝트를 수행 할 수 있는 교육경험을 제공하는 것이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구는 산학협력기반 다학제적 융합 캡스톤디자인 교육과정을 통해 통합적 문제해결능력을 갖춘 창의적 인재양성을 목표로 설계·계발·운영하였다. 이를 위해 참여 기업 및 융합 교수팀을 구성하고 함께 교육과정을 개발하고 D대학 화장품공학부 재학생을 대상으로 15주간 운영하였다. 교육이 끝난 후 학습만족도와 인지된 학업성취도를 조사한 결과 5점 만점에 각각 3.77점, 3.86점으로 보통 이상으로 나타났다. 그리고 참여 경험에 대한 심층인터뷰 결과 긍정적 경험과 관련된 5개 주제와 부정적 경험과 관련된 3가지 주제가 도출되었다. 본 연구는 향후 산학협력기반 다학제적 융합 캡스톤디자인 교육과정 운영 시 기초자료를 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

In accordance with the rapidly changing social environment, it is becoming more important to cultivate creative and convergent practical talents with flexible thinking skills and problem-solving skills. Therefore, it is necessary for universities to provide educational experiences that enable students to cooperate and converge multidisciplinaryly to carry out on-the-job projects based on what they have learned at school. Therefore, this study designed, developed, and operated with the aim of cultivating creative talents with integrated problem-solving ability through a multidisciplinary capstone design curriculum based on industry-academia cooperation. To this end, the curriculum was developed together by recruiting participating companies and forming a convergence professor team, and it was operated for 15 weeks for students majoring in cosmetics engineering at D University. After the education was over, learning satisfaction and perceived academic achievement were surveyed, and as a result of the analysis, it was found to be above average with 3.77 points and 3.86 points, respectively. And as a result of the in-depth interview on the participation experience, five themes related to the positive experience and three themes related to the negative experience were derived. This study will be able to provide basic data when operating a multidisciplinary convergence capstone design curriculum based on industry-academia cooperation in the future.

Sap2000을 이용하여 성능기반설계법에 의거하여 10층 철근콘크리트 구조물의 내진성능을 조사해본다. 성능기반설계법은 푸쉬오버라 부르는 비선형정적해석법과 지진위험도를 복합하여 건물의 기대 성능을 추정하는 방법이다. 푸쉬오버해석의 결과로 얻은 능력곡선은 밑면전단력과 목표변위의 상관관계를 보여주며 소성힌지의 변위 및 하중주도 형태의 거동에 따른 차이점을 나타낸다. 해석 대상인 구조물의 성능점에 의하면 이 건물은 정도의 지진에 견딜 수 있으며 강기둥-약보로 거동함을 명확히 알 수 있었다. 보에 형성되는 힌지들은 ATC-40에 의할 때 위험수준에 도달하고 있으며 보강이 필요한 것으로 조사되었다.

Seismic performance of a ten story reinforced concrete building is estimated using SAP2000. Performance based design method is the basis in the analysis where nonlinear static analysis called pushover method is combined with the seismic hazard to calculate expected performance of the building. A capacity curve as a result of the pushover analysis represents the relationship between base shear versus target displacement, and is essential to identify the two different behaviors of plastic hinges, force controlled and deformation controlled actions. The lateral displacement from the performance point revealed that the building was capable of sustaining a medium level of seismic load. It was also clear that the building behaved in the strong column-weak girder mechanism. The hinges formed in the girders are in dangerous level according to the performance category specified in ATC-40 and need to be strengthened.

In this study, specimens, designed by reinforced concrete frame using the advanced seismic frame remodelling technology, were constructed and tested to improve the seismic performance of reinforced concrete buildings subjected to earthquake-tpye loadings, Six-story existing reinforced concrete buildings, applying the advanced frame remodelling technology were carried out to evaluate the seismic performance based on performance design. In the evaluation of seismic performance of the existing reinforced concrete buildings using the advanced frame remodelling technology by the performance based design, as a result of nonlinear static analysis of reinforced concrete structures, the story drift angle in the x- direction showed up to 16% reduction when applying the advanced seismic remodelling technology(RFXB-F, RFAR) compared to before reinforcement.

In this study, specimens, designed by reinforced concrete frame using the advanced seismic frame retrofitting system, were constructed and tested to improve the seismic performance of reinforced concrete buildings subjected to earthquake-tpye loadings, Six-story existing reinforced concrete buildings, applying the advanced frame retrofitting system were carried out to evaluate the seismic performance based on performance design. In the evaluation of seismic performance of the existing reinforced concrete buildings using the advanced frame retrofitting system by the performance based design, as a result of nonlinear static analysis of reinforced concrete structures, the story drift angle in the x- direction showed up to 14% reduction when applying the advanced seismic retrofitting system(RFKB-F, RFSR-G) compared to before reinforcement.

In this study, specimens, designed by reinforced concrete infilled shear wall using the advanced seismic retrofitting technology, were constructed and tested to improve the seismic performance of reinforced concrete buildings subjected to earthquake-tpye loadings, Six-story existing buildings, applying the advanced seismic retrofitting technology were carried out to evaluate the seismic performance based on performance design. In the evaluation of seismic performance of the existing reinforced concrete buildings using the advanced seismic retrofitting technology by the performance based design, as a result of nonlinear static analysis of reinforced concrete structures, the story drift angle in the x- direction showed up to 16% reduction when applying the advanced seismic retrofitting technology(RWXHC) compared to before reinforcement.

This study aims to present a performance based design for apartments through evacuation safety assessment and damage impact assessment due to acrylonitrile leakage. In the evacuation safety evaluation, ASET was analyzed as 25 min or more and 60 min or less when the ventilation rate was once per hour, and RSET was 22.6 min. Evacuation safety is satisfied when the number of ventilation per hour is less than 1, so it is necessary to design the number of ventilation to be 1 or less. In the damage impact assessment, the 0% structural collapse rate due to overpressure was measured to be between 71m and 90m, and the 0% fatality rate due to radiant heat was measured to be between 136m and 353m. Therefore, maintain a safe distance of 353m or more.

대심도 배수터널은 대구경·장거리·대심도로 인해 현장 실험과 고해상도 계측이 어렵고, 터널 내 유사 거동 평가는 수치 모의에 크게 의존한다. 본 연구에서는 OpenFOAM 기반 3상 솔버 SedInterFoam을 이용해 자유수면 하 유사 이송과 침적을 모의하였다. 먼저 개수로 수리 실험을 재현한 단면에서 수직 속도와 유사 농도 분포를 비교하여 모형을 검증한 뒤, 이를 국내 대심도 배수터널 제원에 맞춘 단순화 도메인에 적용하였다. 유지관리 차량 통과 폭을 고려해 폭 B = 0.60 m, 깊이 H = 0.30 m인 반원형 저류부 단면을 터널 바닥에 연속 배치하고, 동일한 유입 유량·유사 조건에서 저류부 미설치 기본 단면과의 차이를 비교하였다. 두 경우에 대해 시간에 따른 저면 침전두께, 저류부 내 유사 포착량, 본선 터널 바닥 잔류 침전 및 하류 이송량을 분석하였다. 그 결과 반원형 저류부는 저류부 내부에 저속·재순환 영역을 형성하여 유사를 국부적으로 포착하고 본선 바닥 평균 침전두께와 하류 유사 이송을 유의하게 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 본 결과는 대심도 배수터널의 유사 제어 구조물 적용 여부와 제원 결정에 대한 정량적 근거를 제공한다.

Deep drainage tunnels have large diameters, great depths, and long alignments, which make in-situ experiments and high-resolution measurements difficult; numerical modeling is therefore essential for assessing sediment transport and deposition. This study uses the three-phase OpenFOAM solver SedInterFoam to simulate sediment transport under free-surface flow. The model is first validated against open-channel experiments by comparing vertical profiles of velocity and suspended-sediment concentration, and then applied to conditions representative of a Korean deep drainage tunnel. A simplified tunnel reach is modeled, with a continuous semi-circular storage section embedded along the invert, having width B = 0.60 m and depth H = 0.30 m. Under identical inflow and sediment supply, two configurations are compared: a reference tunnel with a flat invert and a tunnel with the storage section. Simulations examine temporal changes in bed-deposit thickness, sediment capture in the storage section, and residual deposition and long-distance transport in the main tunnel. Results show that the semi-circular section creates a low-velocity recirculation zone that concentrates sediment trapping and reduces both mean bed thickness and downstream transport. The findings provide quantitative guidance for the application of sediment-control structures in deep drainage tunnels.

The purpose of this study is to propose measures to increase evacuation safety by calculating the habitable time using a fire and evacuation simulation program for the Room-escape cafe currently in operation, and comparing and analyzing it with the evacuation required time. Assuming a fire due to overheating of electric heaters in use in front of the warehouse, the habitable time was calculated through fire simulation, and the occupant's evacuation time calculated through evacuation simulation according installation of safety facilities, etc. was compared and analyzed with the habitable time. In the case of escape room cafes with safety facilities installed, evacuation safety was satisfied, but in escape room cafes without safety facilities, the evacuation safety was not secure. As a result of analyzing evacuation safety for each scenario based on the ASET analyzed in the fire simulation, it was found that in scenario 1, evacuation safety was secured and everyone successfully evacuated, while in scenario 2, no one succeeded in evacuation. These results can be said to confirm that the installation of safety facilities is very important in business establishments such as escape room cafes, which become enclosed structures when games are started.

연구목적: 건축물의 성능위주설계의 평가결과는 가연물의 연소실험으로 측정된 열방출률에 의해 크게 좌우된다. 본 연구는 주거공간의 성능위주설계의 신뢰성을 높이기 위해 주거공간의 가연물을 대상으 로 화재실험을 실행하여 주거공간의 열방출률을 측정하였다. 연구방법: 화재실험은 대형콘칼로리미터 시험기의 집연 후드의 아래에 주거공간의 가연물을 배치한 후에 소형화원으로 점화하여 산소소모법에 의해 열방출률을 측정하였다. 또한 화재실험은 주거공간 중에 방 공간과 부엌 공간으로 구분하여 가연 물을 배치하고, 가연물을 점화원으로 점화하여 가연물의 화염형상 및 시간별 가연물 간의 화염전파를 관찰하였다. 연구결과: 부엌 공간과 김치 냉장고의 최대열방출률은 각각 2MW, 1.2MW이었다. 방 공간 은 최대열방출률이 2.8MW로 크고 연소확대가 매우 빠른 것을 알 수 있었다. 결론: 주거공간 가연물의 연소실험을 통해 측정한 열방출률을 모델화하여 주거공간의 디자인 화재곡선을 제안하였으며 이는 주 거공간의 성능위주설계의 신뢰성을 향상하는데 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

Purpose: The design fire sources based on the heat release rate of combustibles heavily influences the evaluation result of a performance-based design. The objective of the present study is to provide the information on the heat release rate for various combustibles in residential spaces. Method: Large scale calorimeter were used according to th amount of the combustibles. The combustibles were ignited using a small amount of fire source. The combustion gas generated in the experiment was collected inside the duct to measure the gas concentration(oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide) and the heat release rate were calculated by the oxygen consumption method. The fire experiments were carried out with single combustible, simulated room and kitchen. Result: The results of these tests showed that the peak heat release rate were 1.2 MW for Kimchi refrigerator and 2 MW for Kitchen. In particular, a room had the highest fire risk in terms of the peak heat release rate, 2.8 MW. Conclusion: The design fire curve was proposed based on the heat release rate of the combustibles, which is expected to increase the reliability of the performance-based design in residential spaces.

Performance based design(PBD) is the method to make a fire safety design against them after predicting the factors of fire risk in a building. Therefore, predicting fire risk in a building is very important process in PBD. For predicting fire risk of a building, an engineer of PBD must consider various factors such as ignition location, ignition point, ignition source, first ignited item, second ignited item, flash over, the state of door and fire suppression system. But, it is difficult to trust fire safety capacity of the design because the process in Korea' PBD is unprofessional and unreasonable. This paper had surveyed some cases of PBD that had been made in Korea to find the problems of the process to predict fire risk. And it have proposed the improvements of process to predict fire risk of a building

본 논문에서는 한국형 전술데이터링크 기반의 상대항법 운용을 위해 확장 칼만필터 기반의 상대항법 알고리즘을 적용한 항법 시스템을 제안하였다. 한국형 전술데이터링크는 한국군 합동작전 수행능력 향상을 위해 Link-16을 기반으로 설계된 전술데이터 링크로 작전수행 및 표적재원 등의 정보를 다루고 있다. 한국형 전술데이터링크의 통신 채널에서 위치정보를 포함하는 PPLI 메시지와 터미널로부터 산출 가능한 TOA 측정치를 활용하여 항법 백업 시스템으로 운용이 가능하다. 본 논문에서는 제안한 한국형 전술데이터링크 기반의 상대항법 시스템의운용 가능성 및 오차요소에 따른 성능분석을 수행하였으며, 이를 위해 소프트웨어 기반의 상대항법 시뮬레이션 플랫폼을 설계하여 다양한 환경에서 추정 성능을 분석하였다.

In this paper, an extend kalman filter based relative navigation algorithm is proposed for Link-K based relative navigation. Link-K is a tactical data link system for joint operation capability upgrade of ROK forces. Link-K is inter-operable with Link-16 and transmit and received information of operations and target. In Link-K communication channel, PPLI message including transmitter position and TOA measurement can be used for relative navigation. Therefore Link-K based relative navigation system can be operated. In this paper, software based simulations were carried out for operational feasibility test and performance verification as error factors of proposed Link-K based relative navigation system.

GPU의 병렬 연산을 활용한 암호 분석 및 해독 기술은 암호 분석 시스템의 연산 시간을 단축하는 방향으로 연구되었다. 해당 연구들은 하나의 GPU에서 암호 분석 연산의 속도를 향상시키기 위해 코드를 최적화하거나 또는 단순히 GPU의 수를 늘려 병렬 연산을 강화하는 것에 집중되어 있다. 하지만 다량의 GPU를 데이터 전송에 대한 최적화 없이 사용하는 것은 하나의 GPU를 사용하는 것보다 더 긴 데이터 전송 지연 문제를 발생시키고, 암호 분석 시스템의 전체적인 연산 시간 증가를 야기한다. 이에, 본 논문은 딥러닝 또는 HPC 연구 분야의 GPU Clustering 환경에서 고성능 데이터 처리를 위해 활용되는 GPUDirect RDMA 및 관련 제반 기술들을 조사 및 분석한다. 그리고 해당 기술들을 활용한 고성능 암호 분석 시스템 설계 방법들을 제안한다. 더 나아가, 해당 설계를 기반으로 Password Cracking, GPU Reduction을 활용한 암호 분석 시스템 구현 방법에 대해 제시한다. 최종적으로, GPUDirect RDMA 기술 적용으로 구현된 암호 분석 시스템에 대해서 암호 분석 작업 성능 향상의 실증을 통해 제안한 시스템에 대한 기대효과를 제시한다.

Cryptographic analysis and decryption technology utilizing the parallel operation of GPU has been studied in the direction of shortening the computation time of the password analysis system. These studies focus on optimizing the code to improve the speed of cryptographic analysis operations on a single GPU or simply increasing the number of GPUs to enhance parallel operations. However, using a large number of GPUs without optimization for data transmission causes longer data transmission latency than using a single GPU and increases the overall computation time of the cryptographic analysis system. In this paper, we investigate GPUDirect RDMA and related technologies for high-performance data processing in deep learning or HPC research fields in GPU clustering environments. In addition, we present a method of designing a high-performance cryptanalysis system using the relevant technologies. Furthermore, based on the suggested system topology, we present a method of implementing a cryptanalysis system using password cracking and GPU reduction. Finally, the performance evaluation results are presented according to demonstration of high-performance technology is applied to the implemented cryptanalysis system, and the expected effects of the proposed system design are shown.

This research analyzes clean room major fire prevention standard of clean Room (FM, IRI, and NFPA Code), the structure of Performance-Based Fire Safety Design (PBD) applied the korean fire industry situation. Performance-Based Fire Safety can operate effectively the performance of fire protection equipment & building design, so the fitness of fire safety system can be embodied by operating this. moreover, cost to be consume fire safety of real building can reduce and Performance-Based Fire Safety is considered to important technique in fire protection field. A fire in a clean room may cause a serious loss by spreading smoke particles. We will be investigated by using a computational fluid dynamics, for loss prevention by smoke spreading from one fire area to another for clean room and compared the Performance-Based Fire Safety Design with the prescriptive code design. The methodology of fire safety performance-based fire safety design and guarantee of many kinds design skill of fire system and developing design procedure will be very serious one in order to improve efficiency of domestic system. Therefore, This research will be contributing to secure safety of clean room and to set up the performance-based fire safety design in Korea by regulation for the performance-based fire safety design effectively.