Earticle

본 연구는 2010년 6․2 지방선거공보물 분석을 통해 후보자의 메시지 표현전략흐름을 살펴보고 변화된 유권자의식과 시대적 환경에 맞는 선거공보물물의 개선방향을 제시하고자 했다. 따라서 선 선거공보물의 표현전략은 친근하고 흥미롭게, 누구나 쉽게 이해하고 간결하게 표현하고자 했다. 표현전략의 서술은 3인층으로 이성적 서술과 긍정적 소구방법이 많았다. 이는 공격적이고 부정적인 표현이 역효과를 가져온다는 점을 의식하고 있다. 표지 슬로건의 주 소구점은 인물, 지역발전, 복지 순으로 공약은 10개 이내가 많았다. 심볼은 후보자의 소속 정당심볼을 많이 사용했다. 내용은 후보자 이름과 경험, 경영과 정치력, 지역사람임을 많이 강조했다. 또한 주민 등장의 비율을 높여 서민적이고 친근함을 나타내고자 했다.

This study aims to suggest the amendment method of publishing bulletins for election in accordance with the changed consciousness of voters and the environment of times after examining the expression strategies of a candidate’s message through the analysis of publishing bulletins of local election in 2010. Accordingly, it tries to indicate the strategies of publishing bulletins for election more easily and briefly. As to the description of expression strategies, there were a lot of rational descriptions and positive appeals with the perspective of a third person. It shows the awareness that aggressive and negative expression brings about adverse effects. The appeals of the cover slogan in campaign promises were in the sequence of the candidate’s character, regional development, and social welfare, and most campaign promises were within the range of ten promises. The most used symbol of candidates was the party which candidates belong to. The main empathized contents include the name of candidates, the experience of candidates, management, political ability, and region. In addition, slogans had the intention to express folksy and intimacy by raising the rates of residents’ emergence.

본 연구는 SNS 모바일 구전 커뮤니케이션에 초점을 맞춰 해석수준이론(construal level theory) 과 조절초점 이론(regulatory focus theory)의 적합성을 토대로 발신자 요인과 수신자 요인, 메시지 요인의 삼원상호작용효과를 살펴보았다. 보다 구체적으로 해석수준이론에 따라 발신자 요인은 사회적 거리의 멀고, 가까운 정도로, 메시지 요인은 핵심적, 부차적 속성으로 구분하였으며 수신자 요인은 조절초점에 따라 향상초점과 예방초점으로 나누어 그에 따른 구전 커뮤니케이션 효과를 살펴보았다. 연구 결과, 삼원상호작용효과가 나타났으며 유대강도가 강할 경우, 향상초점과 예방초점에 따른 부차적 속성 메시지와 구전 커뮤니케이션 효과(구전 수용, 구전 활동)의 정적 관계의 차이는 통계적으로 유의미하지 않은 것으로 나타난 반면, 유대강도가 약할 경우, 예방초점 보다 향상초점일 때 핵심적 속성 메시지와 구전 커뮤니케이션 효과(구전 수용, 구전 활동)의 정적 관계가 더욱 두드러지는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 해석수준이론과 조절초점이론의 적합성 여부에 따라 소비자의 SNS 모바일 구전 메시지에 대한 수용 행위와 재전달 행위에 미치는 영향을 설명할 수 있는 유용한 변인을 제시하였으며 실무적 시사점을 도출하였다 점에서 의의를 찾을 수 있다.

Focusing on SNS word-of-mouth communication, this study examined the three-way interaction effect of sender, receiver, and message factor based on the suitability of construal level theory and regulatory focus theory. More specifically, according to the construal level theory, the sender factor is divided into in-group and out-group, and the message factor is divided into core and secondary attributes. The receiver factor was divided into promotion and prevention focus according to the regulatory focus theory. As a result, the three-way interaction effect was found. When the tie-strength is strong, the difference between the secondary attribute message and the WOM communication effect(WOM praise, WOM activity) according to the promotion and prevention focus is not statistically significant. On the other hand, when the tie-strength is weak, the positive relationship between the core attribute message and the WOM communication effect(WOM praise, WOM activity) is more pronounced when the focus is on promotion rather than prevention focus. This study suggests useful variables that can explain the effect on consumer praise and activity of word-of-mouth messages according to the suitability of construal level theory and regulatory focus theory, and has practical implications.

목적: 최근 낮아지는 메이크업 연령층의 잘못된 지식 습득과 습관의 오류를 바로잡고 화장 교육의 필요성을 위한 기초자료가 되고 자 20대 젊은 연령층의 피부관리를 위한 화장품 사용 및 피부관리 행동 방안를 조사하는 연구를 실시하였다. 방법: 서울/경기 소재 대학교 20대 여대생 130명을 대상으로 설문 조사하여 일반적 특성, 피부 관리 지식 및 행위는 빈도분석(frequency analysis) 하였고 화장품 부작용 경험에 대한 인자의 독립성 검증은 카이제곱 검정 통계량으로 분석하였다, 연구의 통계 처리는 SPSS WIN 12.0 프 로그램으로 분석하였다. 결과: 20대 여성들은 결점 커버를 위해서 색조화장품 중 베이스(파운데이션)을 가장 많이 사용하였고 세안 시 미지근한 물을 사용해야 한다는 인식이 높았다. 세안 시 전문세안제를 사용한 후 피부가 예전보다 좋아졌고, 경제적 부담을 이유 로 스스로 피부관리 하였고, 자가관리법으로 마사지와 팩을 많이 사용하고 그 효과를 신뢰하였다. 화장품 부작용 경험에 영향을 주 는 인자는 화장품 도구의 세척 여부(p-value 0.022), 피부관리 여부(p-value 0.005) 인 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 본 연구를 통해서 점점 낮아지고 있는 화장 연령층이 화장품에 대한 정보 오류와 잘못된 화장품 사용 및 생활 습관으로 피부 부작용을 경험하지 않도 록 하는 기초 자료로 활용되고, 화장품에 대한 정보 공개의 다양성과 교육의 기회가 제공되어지는 계기가 되길 바란.다

Purpose: To correct misperceptions about makeup use among younger age groups and to support opportunities for education, this study analyzed makeup use and skin-care behavior among young people in their 20s. Methods: A survey was conducted among 130 female students living in Seoul/Gyeonggi Province concerning general characteristics, skin knowledge, and behavior. Frequency analysis was applied to the survey data using SPSS WIN 12.0 software for statistical processing. Result: Most of the surveyed females in their 20s used base (foundation makeup) to cover defects, and there was wide recognition that warm water should be used when washing the face. Use of a professional facial cleanser improved facial skin appearance. Because of the financial burden, however, most participants usually used self-administered skin-care. Facial massage and packs were widely used self-care treatments, and most respondents believed these treatments to be effective. The most common causes of side effects from cosmetic products involved the cleaning of cosmetic tools (p=0.022) and skin-care methods (p=0.005). Conclusion: This study provides guidelines for young cosmetic product users to overcome misinformation, incorrect usage and bad habits related to cosmetic products. This paper also provides information to a variety of cosmetic products, and by applying information, students could experience lower incidence of skin trouble when using cosmetic products.

目的: 为了纠正对年轻人群使用化妆的误解并提供受教育的机会，本研究分析了20岁以下年轻人的化妆使用和 皮肤护理行为。方法: 对首尔/京畿道的130名女学生进行了有关一般特征，皮肤知识和行为的调查。使用SPSS WIN 12.0软件对调查数据进行频率分析以进行统计处理。结果: 大多数接受调查的20多岁女性使用底妆（粉底 妆）遮盖瑕疵，并且人们广泛认识到洗脸时应使用温水。使用专业的洗面奶可改善面部皮肤外观。但是，由于 经济负担，大多数参与者通常使用自我管理的皮肤护理。面部按摩和包装是广泛使用的自我护理治疗方法，大 多数受访者认为这些治疗方法是有效的。化妆品产生副作用的最常见原因包括清洁化妆品工具（p =0.022）和皮 肤护理方法（p =0.005）。结论: 本研究为年轻的化妆品使用者提供指导，以克服与化妆品有关的错误信息，错 误使用和不良习惯。本文还为各种化妆品提供了信息，通过应用信息，学生在使用化妆品时可能会降低皮肤不 适的发生率。

본 연구에서는 지압과 온열이 조합된 지압온열침대를 사용하여 뇌파와 맥파의 생체신호에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 건강한 성인 40명을 대상으로 조합자극침대를 사용하는 실험군 20명과 무자극의 대조군 20명 으로 나누었다. 실험 결과, 뇌파는 실험군에서 델타파와 세타파에서 유의미하게 증가하였고 알파파와 베타파는 유 의미하게 감소하였다. 맥파는 실험군에서 부교감신경활성지표가 증가하였으며 심박은 감소하였다. 대조군에서는 아무런 차이가 없었다. 이러한 뇌파의 변화는 조합자극침대가 수면유도의 효과를 주는 것으로 볼 수 있으며 맥파의 변화는 이완의 효과가 나타났다고 할 수 있다. 이러한 연구는 다양한 조합자극기기와 기능성 침대 제품개발에 기초 데이터로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects on the bio signal of brain waves and pulse waves using acupressure thermal bed combined with acupressure and thermal therapy. Forty healthy adults were divided into 20 experimental groups using combinatorial stimulation beds and 20 non-irritating controls. As a result of the experiment, the EEG was significantly increased in the delta wave and theta wave in the experimental group, and the alpha wave and beta wave decreased significantly. The pulse wave increased the parasympathetic activity index in the experimental group and the heart rate decreased. There was no difference in the control group. This change in EEG can be seen as a combination stimulation bed having a sleep-inducing effect, and a change in pulse wave can seen as having a relaxing effect. This study is expected to be used as basic data for the development of various combination stimulators and functional bed products.

본고는 조선시대의 한글 簡札을 대상으로 하여 [結末]의 構成을 分析하고 類型化를 시도한 것이다. 논의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. [結末]의 形式構成은 [結末人事+傳言+結句+作成日時+署名+追伸]으로 이루어진다. 형식구성은 다시 [內容要素(결말인사, 전언, 결구, 추신)]와 [形式要素(작성일시, 서명)]로 나뉜다. [內容要素] 또한 [核心要素(결말인사, 결구)]와 [剩餘要素(전언, 추신)]로 세분된다. [結末人事]의 意味構成은 受信者의 健康과 安寧을 바라는 [祝願型]과 受信者가 健康하고 안녕하게 살아가기를 부탁하는 [當付型]으로 나뉜다. [祝願型]은 卑尊間 簡札에서, [當付型]은 尊卑間 簡札에서 주로 쓰인다. [結句]의 意味構成을 段階的으로 分析하여 提示하면 다음과 같다. 먼저 [前提+樣相]으로 분석되고 [前提]는 [餘留]로, [樣相]은 [原因+閣筆]로 구체화됨으로써 [結句]의 意味構成은 [餘留+原因+閣筆]로 이루어진다 할 수 있다. [結句]를 중심으로 常套化 過程을 살펴보았다. 表現의 常套化는 表面意味와 深層意味의 괴리에서 비롯되는데 [結句]의 構成要素인 [餘留]와 [原因]이 縮約과 統合의 과정을 거치면서 나타났음을 확인하였다. [結末]의 類型은 다섯 가지로 나눌 수 있다. 第1類型은 形式構成에서 [結末人事+結句]의 구성을 보이는 [定置型]이면서 [核心要素]가 모두 갖춰진 [完成型]을 말한다. 第2類型은 [結末]의 形式構成이 [定置型]이면서 [核心要素] 중 [結末人事]가 생략된 채 [結句]만으로 이루어진 경우이다. 受信者에 대해 예의를 갖추지 않아도 무방한 尊卑間 簡札에서 주로 나타나며 缺禮라는 면에서 第3類型이나 第4類型보다는 덜하다. 第3類型은 [結末]의 形式構成이 [定置型]이면서 [核心要素] 중 [結句]가 생략된 채 [結末人事]만으로 이루어진 경우이다. 受信者에 대해 예의를 갖추지 않아도 무방한 尊卑間 簡札에서 주로 나타나며 缺禮라는 면에서 第4類型보다는 덜하다. 第4類型은 [結末]의 形式構成 전체가 생략된 경우이다. 受信者에 대해 예의를 갖추지 않아도 무방한 尊卑間 簡札에서 주로 나타나며 缺禮라는 면에서 모든 類型 가운데 가장 심하다고 할 수 있다. 第5類型은 결말의 形式構成이 [結句+結末人事]의 구성을 보이는 [倒置型]이다. [書頭]의 [倒置型]과는 달리 상대에 대해 缺禮가 되지 않으며 출현빈도 또한 높게 나타난다. 따라서 類型의 名稱에 부여한 번호순서는 構成의 完成度만을 고려한 것이라 할 수 있다.

This study tries to classify [Ending], targeting the Joseon Dynasty Hangul Ganchal(old typed letters in Korean). Below is a summary of the discussion result. The composition form of [Ending] is consist of [Ending Expression+ message+Conclusion+Draw-up date+Signature+Postscript]. Again, the composition form is divided into content element(Ending Expression, Message, Conclusion, Postscript) and form element(Draw-up date, Signature). Content element is also subdivided into core element(Ending Expression, Conclusion) and surplus element(Message, Postscript). The semantic composition of [Ending Expression] is divided into [Praying type](praying a well and health of addressee) and [Request type](asking to addressee live well and healthy). [Praying type] is mostly used for Jonbigan(to junior, from elder) Ganchal, [Request type] is uesd for Bijongan(to elder, from junior) Ganchal. The semantic composition of [Conclusion] is suggested as folow If you analyse by stages. By analysing in [Premise+Aspect] at 1st step and shaping up [Premise] as [Remained coment], [Aspect] as [Cause+Stop writing] at 2nd step, the semantic composition of [Conclusion] could be consist of [Remained comment+Cause+Stop writing] We examined conventionalizing process around [Conclusion]. The conventionalizing of expression starts from the gap between surface meaning and deep meaning. I identified that it emerged from passing through abbreviating and combination of the [Remained comment] and [Cause], which is the element of [Conclusion]. The type of [Ending] could be devided by five. The 1st type is a [Fixed type] that shows [Ending expression+Conclusion] composition, and [completion] that has all core elements. The 2nd type is in case that the composition form of [Ending] is [Fixed type] and is only consist of [conclusion] without [Ending expression], which is the core element. It is mostly appeared in Jonbigan Ganchal, which does not have to have polite to addressee, it is more polite than the 3rd and 4th types. The 3rd type is in case that the composition form of [Ending] is [Fixed type] and is only consist of [Ending expression] without [conclusion], which is the core element. It is mostly appeared in Jonbigan Ganchal, it is more polite than the 4th types. The 4th type is in case that the whole composition form of [Ending] is omitted. It is mostly appeared in Jonbigan Ganchal, it is most rude of all types. The 5th type is [Inversion type] that shows [Conclusion+Ending Expression] composition in the composition form of ending. Unlike [Inversion type] of [Begging], it is no discourtesy to the other side, appearance frequency is also high. So, talking broadly, the order of number that give to the name of type is only considered the completion of composition.

현대인의 피로누적과 스트레스로 인한 근육 뭉침이나 어깨 결림과 같은 고통을 호소하는 사람들을 위해 힐 이, 피로회복 개념으로 안마에 대한 욕구가 계속 증가하고 있다. 이를 위해 안마의자가 개발되고 있으나 한국인의 체형에 맞지 않아 가장 효율적인 안마를 제공하지 못하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 관련연구로 안마, 어셈블러, 안마강도, 한국인의 체형을 분석하고 효율성을 극대화하기 위한 기능을 분석하였다. 또한 한국인 체형에 맞는 동작제어기 및 알고리즘을 개발하였다.

As an idea of healing or fatigue recovery, a desire for massage therapy has increased for modern people who complain of pain such as knotted muscles or shoulder discomfort due to fatigue accumulation and stress. To resolve this, although a massage chair has been developed, it does not provide the most efficient massage as it is not suitable for Korean body types. In this paper, this research analyzed massage, assembly, massage intensity, Korean body types and functions of the massage for maximized efficiency to design critical functions. Also, we implemented the action control and algorithm of the massage chair for localization.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a useful system to both patients and doctors that enabled the report of the blood pressure of hypertensive patients to the doctor using short message service (SMS). Method: The subjects of this study were 11 patients diagnosed of hypertension at C university hospital in Seoul. We measured the effects of the management system based on their blood pressure, compliance with medical instructions, subjective physical symptoms and patients’ satisfaction with the program after one month’s and two months’ application of the system. Result: The system was effective in lowering the systolic blood pressure, but not significantly effective for diastolic blood pressure, compliance to medical instructions or subjective physical symptoms. Patients’ satisfaction after participation in the program was 3~4 out of 5 points, suggested that the subjects were generally satisfied with the program. In addition, conformity to the program was as high as 81.7%. Conclusion: Based on the results above, we confirmed that the hypertensive patient management system was effective for managing blood pressure, and suggest subsequent research on the economic aspect of the system.

Log messages are now broadly used in cloud and software systems. They are important for classification and anomaly detection as millions of logs are generated each day. In this paper, an unsupervised model for log message anomaly detection is proposed which employs Isolation Forest and two deep Autoencoder networks. The Autoencoder networks are used for training and feature extraction, and then for anomaly detection, while Isolation Forest is used for positive sample prediction. The proposed model is evaluated using the BGL, Openstack and Thunderbird log message data sets. The results obtained show that the number of negative samples predicted to be positive is low, especially with Isolation Forest and one Autoencoder. Further, the results are better than with other well-known models.

This study examines the roles of ethical perceptions in determining health campaign message effectiveness. Integrating findings from commercial communication studies with emerging health communication ethics research, it investigates how perceived message ethicality and the persuasion ethics schema (PES) lead to both intended and unintended consequences of an anti-drug campaign. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted in South Korea among 1,500 adults aged 19 and older. Fitting PROCESS Macro models 4 and 8 yielded the following results. First, perceived message ethicality was found to be negatively related to psychological reactance and positively related to intention to comply with the campaign message (ICC). Second, psychological reactance served as a significantly negative predictor of ICC, and it partially mediated the relationship between perceived ethicality and ICC. Third, PES was positively related to reactance and negatively related to ICC. Fourth, PES significantly moderated the relationship between perceived message ethicality and ICC, but not the relationship between perceived ethicality and reactance. In aggregate, our results provide empirical support for health communication ethicists’ recommendations to consider audience ethical perceptions in campaign planning.

In order to advance the scientific basis for message design, theories of belief, attitude, and intention change focusing on the importance of arguments must be joined with theories that deal more with a message’s executional (or format) features. Previous summaries of the literature on message effectiveness are reviewed. They provide the fact base needing explanation. They are therefore useful but fail to provide an explanatory mechanism for integrating message content and format elements. This paper takes steps in this direction arguing that processing and resource allocation theories (Lang, 2006; Stephenson & Southwell, 2006) can be integrated with theories of belief change (Petty & Cacioppo, 1986) to advance message effects theory and research. The mechanism employed generalizes from the mediational processes of the elaboration likelihood model, namely ability and motivation, arguing that message formatting features themselves affect ability and motivation. Specific predictions for the interaction of message format features and argument strength are derived through their impact on ability and motivation. Recent research reporting interaction between format features and argument strength is described in the context of the model’s predictions. Implications of the model for cumulating knowledge about message effects and guiding future research are explored.

Now that online media channels have become important sources of risk information, online rumors about risks have become increasingly problematic. Guided by construal level theory and the social-mediated crisis communication model, this study tests direct, mediating, and moderating effects of temporal message frame and digital media channel type on people’s perceptions of food risk rumors and their intentions to share them. An online experiment with a 2 temporal frame (near vs. distant in time) x 2 channel type (web portal vs. social media site) between-subjects design was conducted among 413 Korean adults. Results show that risk perceptions are affected more by the channel on which rumor information is encountered than by the framing of the information. Specifically, rumor messages presumed to appear on social media generated (a) higher perceived susceptibility than those presumed to appear on web portals (main effects) and (b) higher levels of perceived susceptibility in a distant-future frame condition than in a near-future frame condition (conditional moderating effects). Perceived susceptibility also mediated the interaction effects of temporal frame and channel type on intention to share rumor. This study provides theoretical and practical implications for digital media channel effects on risk perceptions and dissemination intention for risk rumors.

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between short message service and social media use, and sexual intercourse of high school students in Cambodia. Methods: Four hundred and eighty-three high school students from three schools in rural provinces were interviewed with structured questionnaires. Results: Sexual intercourse was found significantly more frequent among male students than among female students (p=.001), among alcohol drinkers than among non-drinkers (p<.001), among those who were not taking pictures with mobile phones than among those who were (p=.045), and among those who were exchanging SMS between boyfriend and girlfriend than among those who were not (p=.006). The students who were sending SMS by mobile phones were 5.83 times as likely to have sexual intercourse as their counterparts (p=.020), who were taking pictures with mobile phone were 0.04 times as likely as those who were not (p=.045) and the odds ratio was 15.19 times as high in alcohol drinkers as in non-drinkers (p=.001). Conclusions: Efforts should be made to encourage positive and effective use of social media among adolescents to maintain their sexual health.

Construal level theory (CLT), which describes the relationship between Construal level theory (CLT), which describes the relationship between psychological distance and mental construal, has implications for message psychological distance and mental construal, has implications for message effects research. We seek to gain clarity in the application of CLT in the context effects research. We seek to gain clarity in the application of CLT in the context of CSR campaigns by examining the role of the construal fit between message of CSR campaigns by examining the role of the construal fit between message framing and spatial distance to a CSR campaign in generating positive outcomes framing and spatial distance to a CSR campaign in generating positive outcomes of CSR communication. A 3 (message framing: why vs. how-company-framed of CSR communication. A 3 (message framing: why vs. how-company-framed vs. how-beneficiary-framed) x 2 (spatial distance to a CSR campaign: domestic vs. how-beneficiary-framed) x 2 (spatial distance to a CSR campaign: domestic vs. international) between-subjects experiment demonstrated the effects of vs. international) between-subjects experiment demonstrated the effects of construal fit between a domestic CSR campaign and how-framed messages construal fit between a domestic CSR campaign and how-framed messages on authenticity perception, company trust, and attitudes toward the company. on authenticity perception, company trust, and attitudes toward the company. However, these effects were not found in the setting of an international CSR However, these effects were not found in the setting of an international CSR campaign, implying that there is a boundary condition for “construal fit” effects. campaign, implying that there is a boundary condition for “construal fit” effects. The present study provides theoretical insights by highlighting how message The present study provides theoretical insights by highlighting how message framing and spatial distance interact to shape consumer perceptions in CSR framing and spatial distance interact to shape consumer perceptions in CSR communication. Practically, the findings provide actionable guidance for communication. Practically, the findings provide actionable guidance for practitioners, emphasizing the importance of tailoring message framing based on practitioners, emphasizing the importance of tailoring message framing based on the spatial proximity of CSR campaigns to create more effective communication the spatial proximity of CSR campaigns to create more effective communication strategies.

Physical appearance functions as a form of social capital, and perceived discrepancies between actual and ideal appearance can threaten self-control. This research investigates how consumers maintain or restore self-control under appearance threat by varying the compensation type (within-domain vs. across-domain) and message framing (concrete vs. abstract), and elucidates the underlying mechanisms and boundary conditions of these effects. Study 1 demonstrates that across-domain compensation preserves self-control more effectively than within-domain compensation. Within the appearance-relevant domain, abstract (vs. concrete) message framing increases self-control by promoting higher-level construal. Study 2 introduces regulatory focus as a boundary condition and psychological distance as the mediating mechanism. Abstract (vs. concrete) framing increases perceived distance and enhances self-control under promotion focus, whereas individuals under prevention focus show no framing differences. These findings reveal how compensation strategies and message design interact to regulate self-control under self-threat, offering an integrative framework that links compensatory consumption, construal level, and motivational orientation in advertising contexts.

In this manuscript, the author introduces a new concept named “three-sided message” (named by author). A three-sided message includes positive, negative, and neutral information about the product or person. This study brings a new issue (three-sided message effect) to the communication academia and discusses that issue for the future investigation of communication phenomenon. This paper also introduces a new theory (The Self-interest theory) which explains the effect of three-sided messages in the communication processes.

Historical analysis of public diplomacy is useful in studying the evolutionary process of the discipline and the related field of public relations. Such studies can vividly chronicle the shift of public diplomacy’s focus from information dissemination through mass media of last century to relationship cultivation through social media of today. To trace the transition in Korea’s 70-year history of public diplomacy through various theoretical models of public diplomacy and public relations, this research used in-depth interviews and documentary research. Domestic and external factors affecting the evolution were also identified, using theories of modernity and international relations. Findings suggest a gradual move of Korea’s public diplomacy from one-way messaging to two-way engagement and relationship, although the transformation happened only recently. In the process, the messages, targets, and channels of communication changed rapidly, reflecting Korea’s fast transformation during the period. Yet Korea’s public diplomacy was found to be still mired in outmoded hierarchical, government-centered structure, rather than more advanced networked structure involving private sectors and non-state actors.

To improve traffic safety in intelligent transportation systems, vehicles formed by vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) conventionally disseminate warning messages to their nearby vehicles as soon as a dangerous situation occurs. In this paper, we propose a novel scheme employing a novel story?carry?forward (SCF) mechanism to tackle the network partition and broadcast storm problems, which are two major challenges in VANETs. The experimental result in the Veins simulation framework shows that the proposed SCF scheme significantly mitigates broadcast storms relative to other schemes, and maintains good coverage across various traffic densities.

Misinformation about GMOs (genetically modified organisms) circulated on social media has negatively impacted people’s beliefs and behaviors. This study explores whether and how the information element of online news can improve public attitudes toward controversial issues such as GMOs. For this purpose, a 2 (gain vs. loss frames) x 2 (one-sided vs. two-sided messages) experimental design is adopted. The results of ANCOVA show that those exposed to two-sided messages showed greater levels of GMO acceptance compared with those exposed to one-sided messages. A significant interaction effect on GMO acceptance was also found, demonstrating that a two-sided message focusing on the gain frame showed the highest levels of GMO acceptance. In addition, the effects of message sidedness and gain-loss frames on GMO attitudes are mediated by psychological reactance. Specifically, two-sided messages, compared to one-sided messages, led to lower GMO risk perceptions and higher GMO acceptance by reducing psychological reactance. Furthermore, compared to loss-framed messages, gain-framed messages decreased GMO risk perceptions and increased GMO acceptance by lowering participants’ psychological reactance. These results can provide a deeper understanding of the mechanism by which news messages might influence individuals’ acceptance of scientific information through activating psychological reactance.

The current research tested how an anti-smoking message with fear appeals and self-stigma operate. An online experiment with a sample of South Korean smokers (N = 331) found that fear appeals motivated smokers to quit smoking. Individuals with a high level of response efficacy showed a higher tendency to quit smoking when they were exposed to fear appeals, compared to those with a lower level of response efficacy. Self-stigma increased intentions to quit smoking and moreover, it conditionally influenced the effects of fear appeals on motivation to cease smoking for smokers with low response efficacy. Our results imply a beneficial role of self-stigma in health-promoting behaviors among smokers with low response efficacy when fear appeals are shown.