Earticle

본 연구의 목적은 20~30대 남성을 대상으로 지연성 근통증 유발 프로그램 후 크라이오테라피에 적용이 혈중 젖산 과 암모니아와 같은 피로물질, 젖산탈수소효소와 크레아틴키나아제와 같은 근손상지표, 그리고 통증에 미치는 효과를 검증하는데 있다. 연구대상자는 20~30대 남성으로 18명의 대상자를 크라이오테라피를 적용하는 실험군(EG, n=9), 그리고 적용하지 않는 대조군(CG, n=9)으로 무작위 대조방법을 통해 할당하였다. 모든 연구 대상자들은 실험실에 도착 해 DOMS 유발 프로그램을 시행하였으며, 프로그램 시행 후 EG는 3분간 크라이오테라피를 적용하였다. 연구의 1차 결과 는 혈액변인으로 젖산, 암모니아, 젖산탈수소효소, 그리고 크레아틴키나아제를 평가하였고 2차 결과로 통각계를 통해 통증을 평가하였다. 연구 결과는 젖산과 암모니아에서 상호작용 효과를 확인하였고 젖산탈수소효소와 통증은 CG에서 증가한 반면 EG에서는 억제되는 것을 확인하였다. 결론적으로 지연성 근통증을 유발하는 운동 후 크라이오테라피의 적용 은 젖산, 암모니아, 그리고 젖산탈수소효소의 증가를 억제하며, 통증을 개선하는 것을 본 연구를 통해 증명하였다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of cryotherapy on men in their 20s and 30s after a delayed onset muscle soreness(DOMS) induced program on fatigue substances such as lactic acid and ammonia in the blood, muscle damage indicators such as lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) and creatine kinase(CK), and pain. The study participants were males in their 20s and 30s, and 18 parti0cipants were randomly assigned to the experimental group(EG, n=9) to which cryotherapy was applied and the control group to which it was not applied (CG, n=9) through a randomized control method. All study participants arrived at the laboratory and were performed to a DOMS induction program. After the program, EG applied cryotherapy for 3 minutes. The primary outcome of the study was the evaluation of lactate, ammonia, LDH, and CK as blood variables, and the secondary outcome was the evaluation of pain through a digital algometer. The results of the study confirmed the interaction effect of lactic acid and ammonia, and it was confirmed that LDH and pain were increased in CG while suppressed in EG. In conclusion, this study proved that the application of cryotherapy after exercise that induces DOMS inhibits the increase in lactate, ammonia, and lactate dehydrogenase, and improves pain.

This study assessed changes in blood muscle damage indicators and DNA damage indicators in lymph and urine after 8 weeks of high-inten-sity intermittent running and weight training in male and female college students majoring in skiing. This study aimed to find an effective training method by investigating differences in the effectiveness between men and women. A total of 20 male and female ski major college students conducted short-term high-intensity intermittent running and weight training in the morning and afternoon, respectively, 3 days a week for 8 weeks for 24 times in total. After 8 weeks of high-intensity intermittent running and weight training, changes in DNA damage indicators in the lymph and urine and muscle damage indicators in the blood were ana-lyzed. The creatine kinase level significantly differed at rest pre-graded exercise testing (GXT) and 60 min of recovery post-GXT after training from that before training between the male and female groups. Al-though lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels decreased in both groups over time, no significant differences in LDH were found between the two groups. Second, DNA 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the lymph was significantly different between the two groups at rest pre-GXT and 60 min of recovery post-GXT. 8-OHdG in the urine was signifi-cantly lower in the female group only at 60 min of recovery post-GXT. Partial sex differences were found in the reduction of muscle damage and DNA damage after 8 weeks of high-intensity intermittent running and weight training.

This study examined the effects of Kinesio taping on recovery from fa-tigue induced by an exercise of concentric contraction using an isoki-netic machine. Eight healthy collegiate students participated in two ex-periments: the Kinesio taping application condition and the no Kinesio taping application condition. The fatigue was induced by concentric ex-ercise at 60°/sec, 50 repetitions for one session, and repeated 3 sessions. Changes of blood ammonia, lactate, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatinine kinase (CK) were monitored. Blood was collected before ex-ercise, immediately after exercise, 24 hr after exercise, and 72 hr after exercise. Blood ammonia tended to reduce during the recovery pro-cess, but no differences were found between conditions. Blood lactate tended to reduce during the recovery process, but no differences were found between conditions. In the blood LDH, no differences were found between conditions. Blood creatine kinase tended to reduce during the recovery process, but no differences were found between conditions. The present results showed that Kinesio taping did not affect the recov-ery phase of blood ammonia, lactate concentration, LDH, and CK.

본 연구는 미생물 유래 lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)를 이용하여 반추위내에 lactate 축적을 예방하기 위한 가능성 검증을 목적으로 수행되었다. 미생물의 효소활성에 영향을 주는 많은 반추위내 요인들 중 대표적인 것들 즉, 온도, pH, 휘발성지방산(VFAs) 그리고 금속이온들이 Lactobacillus sp. FFy111-1의 LDH 효소활성에 미치는 영향과, 반추위액내 축적된 lactate에 대한 LDH 작용을 평가하였다.Lactobacillus sp. FFy111-1의 LDH는 각각 pH 7.5와 40℃에서 가장 좋은 효소 활력을 보였다. 온도 안정성은 30℃에서 가장 좋게 나타났으며 30～50℃의 온도 범위에서는 80% 이상의 활성을 유지하였다. 그리고 pH 안정성은 pH 7.0과 8.0에서 모두 가장 좋은 결과를 나타냈으며 pH 6.0과 6.5에서 64% 이상의 효소활성을 유지하였다. VFAs와 금속이온이 LDH에 미치는 영향을 측정하였을 때, VFAs 처리는 LDH 효소활성을 억제하였으나, NaCl과 CuSO4를 제외한 금속이온 처리에서는 LDH 효소활성이 증가되었다. 특히 2 mM BaCl2와 MgSO4로 처리 하였을 때 각각 비처리 효소활성의 127과 124% 수준까지 효소활성이 증진되었다. 반추위액내 축적된 lactate에 대한 LDH 작용을 보기 위하여 Lactobacillus sp. FFy111-1의 효소를 산중독 반추위액에 처리하였을 때 lactate의 농도가 무처리 반추위액내 lactate 농도의 78% 수준으로 감소하였다(P<0.05). 이와 같은 lactate 감소는 LDH의 작용에 의해 나타난 현상으로 정제된 D,L-LDH를 첨가한 실험결과(34% lactate)에서 입증되었다(P<0.05).이상의 연구 결과들을 고려하여 볼 때 미생물이 생성한 LDH는 반추위내 축적된 lactate를 감소시킬 수 있는 충분한 가능성을 갖고 있다고 사료된다. 또한 더 좋은 미생물의 발굴과 반추위 환경에서 LDH 활성을 높이기 위한 기술개발이 LDH 효소의 실제적 응용을 위하여 필수적이다.

The objective of this experiment is to study the possibility of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) enzyme to prevent lactate accumulation in the rumen. For understanding capacity of bacterial LDH in rumen environments, this study was conducted to explore the effects of temperature, pH, VFAs and metal ions on Lactobacillus sp. FFy111-1’s LDH activity, and the LDH activation in rumen fluid accumulated lactate. The optimum pH and temperature of LDH were pH 7.5 and 40℃, respectively. The LDH activity had a good thermostability at range from 30 to 50℃. The highest pH stability of the enzyme was at ranges from pH 7.0 to 8.0 and the enzyme activities showed above 64% level of non-treated one at pH 6.0 and 6.5. The LDH was inactivated by VFAs treatments but was enhanced by metal ion treatments without NaCl and CuSO4. Especially, the LDH activity was increased to 127% and 124% of its original activity by 2 mM of BaCl2 and MnSO4 addition, respectively. When the acidic rumen fluid was treated by LDH enzyme of Lactobacillus sp. FFy111-1, the lactate concentration in the rumen fluid was lower compared with non-treated rumen fluid(P<0.05). This lactate reduction was resulted from an action of LDH. It was proved by result of purified D,L-LDH addition that showed the lowest lactate concentration among the treatments(P<0.05). Although further investigation of microbial LDH and ruminal lactate is needed, these findings suggest that the bacterial LDH has the potential capability to decrease the lactate accumulated in an acidic rumen fluid. Also, screening of super LDH producing bacteria and technical development for improving enzyme activity in rumen environment are essential keys for practical application.

Objective: Serum concentrations of transaminase, pyruvate kinase (PK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) are considered biochemical indicators of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), but they can also detect hepatocellular injury. This study was designed to develop mathematical models that predict serum concentrations of these hepatic marker enzymes in Korean patients with DMD, based on their age and serum concentrations of creatine kinase (CK) and CK MB isoenzyme (CKMB). Method: Boys with genetically confirmed DMD were identified retrospectively; all were normal for hepatic viral markers or on abdominal ultrasonography. Serum concentrations of CK, CKMB, transaminase, PK, and LDH were measured, and statistical analyses were performed to determine whether transaminase, PK, and LDH levels were related to age and serum CK and CKMB levels. Results: The study included a total of 134 patients with DMD. Serum transaminase, PK, and LDH levels were linearly related to patient age and serum CK and CKMB levels. A mathematical model was developed, in which patient age and serum CK and CKMB concentrations can predict mean transaminase, PK, and LDH concentrations. Conclusion: This mathematical model may provide some reassurance to DMD patients with high serum concentrations of hepatic marker enzymes and prevent unnecessary procedures to exclude hepatic dysfunction.

Leuconostoc is a major lactic acid bacterium that produces D-lactate in fermented foods. Excessive dietary intake of D-lactate may cause metabolic stress in both infants and patients. Introduction of ldhL gene from Lb. plantarum into Leuconostoc citreum did not significantly shift D-lactate to L-lactate due to low L-LDH activity. To elevate the expression level of ldhL so that significantly alter D-/L-lactate ratio, nucleotides for pyruvate kinase promoter were fused to ldhL and cloned with pLeuCM42 to construct pLC42pkL. Introduction of pLC42pkL in L. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides ATCC8293 significantly improved both L-LDH activity and L-lactate productivity during MRS fermentation so that D-/L-lactate ratio was altered significantly. These results indicated that the enhanced L-LDH activity and L-lactate synthesis contributed to the active promoter of native pyruvate kinase and appropriate delivery vector of pLeuCM42. The resulting construct of actively expressing ldhL will further effectively applied in fermented foods. Furthermore, this work provides evidence that expression of other heterologous genes may facilitate the production of useful proteins in these economically important bacteria.

2,3-Butanediol(2,3-BDO) is a key starting material for manufacture of bulk chemicals such as methyl ethyl ketone and 1,3-butadien. It also has potential applications in the manufacture of printing ink, perfumes and explosive. Microbial production of 2,3-BDO by using Klebsiella pneumoniae was first investigated in 1906. Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative, non-motile, encapsulated, lactose fermenting, facultative anaerobic, rod shaped bacterium found in the normal flora of the mouth, skin, and intestines. In this study, in order to enhanced 2,3-BDO production, budC gene coding for butanediol dehydrogenase was over-expressed and ldhA gene coding for lactate dehydrogenase disrupted by inserting a tetracycline resistance marker in Klebsiella pneumoniae KTCT2242. The fermentation results of both the parent and mutant strain suggested that over-expression of budC and inactivation of ldhA resulted in an improved 2,3-BDO production.

2,3-Butanediol (2,3-BD) is a promising bulk chemical due to its extensive industrial applications. Through chemical reaction such as dehydration and esterification, 2,3-BD can be converted into various chemical compounds including 1,3-butadiene, diacetyl, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK; butan-2-one). These chemical compounds are used to make highly valued materials such as synthetic rubber, antifreeze agent, flavoring agent. Several microorganism species such as Klebsiella pneumonia, Klebsiella oxytoca and Enterobacter aerogenes are natural producers of 2,3-BD. Among these microorganisms, E. aerogenes is a facultative anaerobe, which is able to produce significant amounts of 2,3-BD in mixed fermentations, while generating a number of soluble and gaseous products. Furthermore, it has a high growth rate, high vitality in different types of environment, and is able to utilize diverse range of carbon sources. First, we performed medium optimization and pH control to obtain the optimal culture condition for high cell growth and high production of 2,3-BD product. In addition, we have successfully performed lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) gene knockout by using the Red lambda recombination method. ldh gene knock out strain showed improved yield of 2,3-BD when compare with wild type. We also overexpressed budA, budB, budC and bdh gene of E.aerogenes 2,3-BD pathway operon separately and the whole operon collectively to characterize the role of each gene and to enhance the production of 2,3-BD.

This study aimed to determine whether lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in coronavirus disease (COVID- 19) patients in Korea were higher than those in patients without COVID-19, and the effect of sex and age on LDH levels. A retrospective, observational study was conducted to measure LDH levels in 247 and 225 female and male COVID-19 patients, respectively, who were admitted to the study hospital between April 1 and October 30, 2020. Serum LDH levels were measured using an automated analyzer. Results: LDH levels were elevated in both male and female patients with COVID-19. Among patients with COVID-19, LDH levels were higher in males than in females, and LDH levels were higher in patients with COVID-19 than in patients in the control group. In the analysis of differences in LDH levels by age, LDH levels in patients with COVID-19 increased statistically significantly with age in males and females (males: p=0.001, females: p=0.001). By examining the differences in LDH levels according to sex and age, this study contributed to the basic biochemical data available in Korea, particularly regarding patients with COVID-19. Further research may be needed to examine confounding variables.

D- and L-lactic acid are optical isomers, which are formed by distinct stereo-specific NAD-dependent lactate dehydrogenases (LDH) in lactic acid bacteria(LAB). Leuconostoc (Ln.), the major bacterial population in kimchi, has been predicted to synthesize only D-lactic acid from pyruvate, as they harbor a single D-LDH gene but L-LDH gene. D-lactic acid may lead to acidosis in infants and in adults with short bowel syndrome. As one of the major D-lactic acid producers in kimchi, it is required to switch the major lactate isoform of Ln. citreum from D- to L-. Hence, with the above long-term goal, first, we have determined the profiles of D-/L- lactic acid synthesis of LAB culture broth. Secondary, we cloned ldhL gene from Lactobacillus plantarum and expressed it in Ln. citreum. Finally, the characteristics of the recombinant Ln. citreum were investigated.

Lactobacillus sp. RKY2, which was isolated from a Korean traditional fermented food soybean paste, previously proved to be an efficient lactic acid bacterium for the production of lactic acid, because it could produce a large amount of lactic acid, with high productivity. The structural gene of D(-)-lactate dehydrogenase (D-LDH) was cloned from Lactobacillus sp. RKY2. The gene from chromosomal DNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a pair of conserved sequences existed in D-LDH as primers. Approximately 1 kb of PCR product in size was cloned into an gene expression vector and the nucleotide sequence was determined. Analysis of this sequence identified a putative 999 bp D-LDH open reading frame that encodes a polypeptide of 332 amino acid residues with a deduced molecular mass of 36.5 kDa. After IPTG induction, the D-LDH was expressed in Escherichia coli. The electrophoretically pure enzyme preparation migrated as a single band corresponding to the deduced molecular mass during SDS-PAGE. The amount of lactic acid produced by D-LDH mutant and its ldh-complemented derivative was determined by HPLC and anzymatic analysis.

Body fluid Lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzyme Measurement was performed in 132 patients: 8 cases with peritonitis, 21 cases with malignant ascites, 43 cases with liver cirrhosis, 48 cases with tuberculous pleuritis, 12 cases with malignant pleural effusion respectively. Body fluid protein and glucose contents, red blood cell counts, white blood cell counts, cytologic examination were also performed as a comparative study. The results were as follows: 1. Measurement of total LD and protein amount could differentiate between transudate and exudates in the ascitic fluids. 2. In the malignant exudate of ascites and pleural fluid, the activity of LD2 isoenzyme was statistically increased compared with that of inflammatory exudates and the activity of LD4 isoenzyme was also incereased compared with that of serum (P<0.05). 3. The inflammatory exudates of pleural fluid and ascites demonstrated the increase of LD5 isoenzyme activity statistically compared with that of serum and malignant exudates (P<0.05). 4. A difference of total LD activity between malignant ascites and inflammatory ascites was significant statistically, while this was not observed in the pleural exudate. 5. Total LD and LD5 isoenzyme activity didn't correlated with the number of white blood cells in the exudate

The activity of lactate dehydrogenase in plasma and various tissues(skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, liver, lung, kidney and spleen) of Korean native cattle in a Chonju abattoir, the Breeding Stock Farm and Animal Farm of Chonbuk University was determined by using ultra violet method. Using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme distrimution of plasma and various tissues in Korean native cattle was studied. The plasma lactate dehydrogenase activity of Korean native cattle was $554.80{\pm}92.70IU/l$ and the lactate dehydrogenase activity of male plasma was $543.96{\pm}97.89IU/l$, which was lower than that of female plasma, $579.19{\pm}78.09IU/l$. The plasma lactate dehydrogenase activity of calf was $557.31{\pm}110.27IU/l$ and was no significantly different from that of adult Korean native cattle. But the range of calf lactate dehydrogenase activity was larger than that of adult Korean native cattle. In tissues, the lactate dehydrogenase activity was decreased in order of lung, kidney, spleen, liver, heart and skeletal muscle. The lung had the greatest activity and the skeletal muscle had the least. Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in plasma and tissues were found to have a characteristic distribution and quantitative isoenzyme patterns. In plasma, the LDH1 usually had the greatest activity and other isoenzymes showed a decreasing tendency in order of LDH2, LDH3, LDH4 and LDH5. The distribution of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes had a wide variation in tissues. But the distribution of LDH isoenzymes in plasma was similar to that in kidney, and also cardiac muscle and spleen had similar pattern in LDH isoenzymes distribution.

연구목적: 난포가 폐쇄되는 동안의 생화학적 변화를 규명하기 위하여 미성숙 돼지의 정상 및 폐쇄 난포 내 lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) 활성도 변화 및 동일 난포액 내 스테로이드호르몬의 농도변화를 알아보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 재료 및 방법: 난포액 (FF), 과립세포 (GC), 협막세포 (TC) 내 LDH의 활성도를 측정하였으며, 난포액 내 progesterone ($P_4$), testosterone (T), estradiol ($E_2$)의 농도변화를 방사면역측정법으로 정량하였다. 결　과: 정상 및 폐쇄 난포에서 $P_4$의 농도변화를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 폐쇄 난포액 내 T의 농도($3.85{\pm}1.50ng/ml$)는 정상 난포 ($1.29{\pm}0.54ng/ml$)에 비해 현저히 높았으며 정상 난포 내 $E_2$의 농도 ($43.29{\pm}19.51ng/ml$) 는 폐쇄 난포 ($18.82{\pm}7.27ng/ml$)에 비해 현저히 높은 것으로 나타났다. 정상 난포액 내 $P_4$의 농도는 난포의 크기에 정의 상관관계 (r=0.75)를 보였다. 정상 난포 내 T:$P_4$의 비율 ($8.14{\pm}3.35$)은 폐쇄 난포 ($1.39{\pm}0.60$)에 비해 현저히 높았으며, 정상 TC ($433.63{\pm}102.40{\mu}U/{\mu}g$ DNA) 및 FF ($246.86{\pm}58.96{\mu}U/{\mu}l$) 내 LDH 활성도는 폐쇄 난포 (각각 $83.7{\pm}10.5$와 $38.71{\pm}9.00$)에 비해 현저히 높게 나타났다. 정상 난포의 GC 및 FF 내 LDH 활성도는 $E_2$의 농도와 부의 상관관계를 보였지만, 폐쇄 난포의 TC 내 LDH 활성도는 $P_4$, T, $E_2$의 농도에 대해 정의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 결　론: 본 실험의 결과, 미성숙 돼지 난포의 폐쇄는 TC 내 LDH 활성도 감소와 밀접한 관계를 갖는 것으로 사료된다.

The present study was designed to evaluate the efficiency of total lactate dehydrogenase, total creatine kinase, LD1/LD2 ratio, CK-MB and newly developed troponin T in acute myocardial infarction. The level of troponin T was 0.010.02 pg/L in 34 healthy person, but the peak vaule of acute myocardial infarction ranged in 4.7-24.2 pg/L. Total lactate dehydrogenase was peaked in 1 to 3 days after chest pain and then progressively decreased, but LD1/LD2 ratio was persistently higher than 1.0 for 10 days in most patients. Total creatine kinase and CK-MB were peaked in 1-2 days, and normalized in 3-4 days, so they, were useful in early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, but not for the late stages of acute myocardiz l infarction. Troponin T is early elevated and persistently high level for more than 10 days. Comparing with total lactate dehydrogenase, total creatine kinase, LD1/LD2 ratio and CK-MB, troponin-T test improves the efficiency of serodiagnostic method for the detection of ischemic myocardial damage

발아초기(發芽初期)에 콩(대두(大豆))의 부위별(部位別)로 Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)의 Isozyme 존재가능성(存在可能性)을 조사(調査)하기 위한 기초적(基礎的)인 연구(硏究)가 수행(遂行)되었다. 발아가 진행(進行)됨에 따라 자엽부위의 효소활성변화(酵素活性變化)에는 큰 유의성이 나타나지 않았으나, 배축이나 뿌리 부위(部位)에서는 감소하는 경향을 보였으며 $4{\sim}7^{\circ}C$에서 배축이나 뿌리로부터 얻은 LDH는 자엽에서 얻은 LDH에 비(比)해 불안정(不安定)했다. 전기영동상의 Rm value가 자엽으로부터 얻은 효소(酵素)에서는 0.25인데 비하여, 배축으로 부터 분리된 LDH는 0.29였다. 배축이나 뿌리로 부터 분리된 LDH는 Biphasic으로 0.45mM과 0.014mM의 두 km값을 보이고 자엽부위에서는 0.45mM 값만 관찰할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과는 자엽부위의 LDH와는 다른 성질(性質)을 가진 LDH가 배축이나 뿌리부위(部位)에 존재(存在)할 가능성(可能性)을 보여주고 있다.

The change of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) activity and the possibility of the existence of LDH. isozyme were examined with different parts of soybean sprout. The enzyme activity was little changed in cotyledons throughout the early stagy of germination. However, hypocotyls and roots showed the continuous decline of the enzyme activity since the radicle emerged from seeds. It was found that LDH from hypocotyls. and roots was unstable as compared with LDH from cotyledons, even at low temperature. The enzyme from hypocotyls and roots was not purified with a good yield when the purification procedure developed for LDH from cotyledons. was employed. LDH from hypocotyls and roots has the Rm value of 0.29, and 0.25 from cotyledons. The apparent Km value for LDH from cotyledons was 0.45mM with sodium pyruvate, while crude homogenate of hypocotyls or roots showed biphasic phenomenon with two Km values 0.014 and 0.45mM. The results indicate the possibility that crude homogenate of hypocotyls or roots may contain a different LDH isozyme from the LDH of soybean reported previously.

This Study was designed to investigate the effects of Patholobi Caulis on the change of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and blood pressure (MABP) in normal and cerebral ischemic rats. And, this study was designed to investigate the inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in neuronal cells. The results were as follows : In normal rats, Patholobi Caulis significantly increased rCBF in a dose-dependent manner, and MABP was somewhat increased. In ischemia rats, rCBF was significantly and stably increased by Patholobi Caulis (10 ㎎/㎏, i.p.) during the period of cerebral reperfusion, which contrasted with the findings of rapid and marked increase in control group. Patholobi Caulis significantly inhibited LDH activity in neuronal cells. It was suggested that Patholobi Caulis had an anti-ischemic effect through the improvement of cerebral hemodynamics and inhibitive effect on the brain damage.

1984년 10월부터 1986년 5월까지 영남대병원 임상병리과에 의뢰된 132예의 복수액과 늑막액의 진단적가치를 설정하기위한 연구로서 총 LD, LD 동위효소의 활성도, 생화학 및 혈액학적 검사, 세포진검사 등의 소견을 연구한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 복수액은 총 LD활성도 및 단백양으로 여출액의 감별이 가능하였다. 2. 복수액과 늑막액의 악성삼출액은 LD2가 염증성 삼출액에 비하여 증가되었고(P<0.01), 혈청에 비하여 LD4가 증가되어(P<0.05) 통계적 유의성을 나타내었다. 3. 늑막액과 복수액의 염증성 삼출액은 LD5가 증가하여 혈청과 악성삼출액에 비하여 의의성 있는(P<0.05) 증가를 나타내었다. 4. 복수액에서는 염증성 삼출액의 총 LD양은 악성삼출액에 비해 유의한 증가를 보여 총 LD활성도에 의한 삼출액의 구별이 가능하였으나 늑막액에서는 악성 삼출액과 결핵성 삼출액의 총 LD 활성도 차이의 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 5. 총 LD 및 LD5동위효소의 삼출액에서 백혈구수와 상관관계가 성립하지 않았다.

Body fluid Lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzyme measurement was performed in 132 patients: 8 cases with peritonitis, 21 cases with malignant ascites, 43 cases with liver cirrhosis, 48 cases with tuberculous pleuritis, 12 cases with malignant pleural effusion respectively. Body fluid protein and glucose contents, red blood cell counts, white blood cell counts, cytologic examination were also performed as a comparative study. The results were as follows: 1. Measurement of total LD and protein amount could differentiate between transudate and exudate in the ascitic fluids. 2. In the malignant exudate of ascites and pleural fluid, the activity of LD2 isoenzyme was statistically increased compared with that of inflammatory exudate and the activity of LD4 isoenzyme was also increased compared with that of serum(P<0.05). 3. The inflammatory exudate of pleural fluid and ascites demonstrated the increase of LD5 isoenzyme activity stastistically compared with that of serum and malignant exudate(P<0.05). 4. A difference of total LD activity between malignant ascites and inflammatory ascites was significant statistically, while this was not observed in the pleural exudate. 5. Total LD and LD5 isoenzyme activity didn't correlated with the number of white blood cells in the exudate.