Earticle

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the accuracy of definitive casts that are fabricated from digital intraoral impression and conventional impression technique. Methods: A master model(ANNA-4, Frasaco GmbH, Tettnang, Germany) with the prepared upper full arch tooth was used. Conventional impression and then stone model(n=10) were produced from this master model, and on the other hands, digital impressions were made with the CS-3600 intraoral scanner(n=10). Six linear measurements were recorded between landmarks, directly on each of the stone models on two occasions by a single examiner. Measurements were made with a digital caliper to the nearest 0.01mm from manual models and with the software(Delcam PowerSHAPE) from the virtual models. The t-student test for paired samples and intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC) were used for statistical analysis. Results: The measurement of two methods showed good reliability. The ICC of the two models were 0.88~0.91(stone model) and 0.94~0.99(digital model). The mean differences to master model for stone model and digital model were 0.10~0.14mm, and 0.14~0.20mm, respectively. Conclusion: The definitive casts obtained with digital intraoral technique model had significantly larger dimensions as compared to those of the stone model. However, the differences to the master model detected appear to provide enough accuracy and reliability for clinical application.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of digital models fabricated by difference optical source of non-contact 3D dental scanner. Methods: A master model with the prepared upper full arch tooth was used. Stone model(N=10) were produced from master model, and on the other hands, digital models were made with the 3D dental scanner(Blue, white, red optical source). The linear distance between the reference points were measured and analyzed on the Delcam CopycadⓇ graphic software. The results were statistically analyzed using the one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test(α=0.05). Results: There were considerable differences in mean values between optical source within each color(blue, white, red), and this difference was not statistically significant(p>0.05). Conclusion : Three different color of dental scanner optical source showed clinically acceptable accuracies of full arch digital model produced by them. Besides, these results will have to be confirmed in further clinical studies.

Approximately 40% of underground water and sewage pipes in Korea are more than 20 years old. Consequently, potential accidents related to water drainage systems are to be expected. In this study, using a special machine learning method that employs various available data, we developed a system that receives and analyzes data in smart pipes called the "digital twin-based smart pipe integrated management system" (DTMS-IM). This system presents an integrated approach for the efficient operation and monitoring of water pipes, allowing the innovative operation of groundwater pipes through smart decision-making. We trained the model using these data. This well-trained model has become able to predict the aging level of pipes. Similar artificial intelligence prediction models, widely used in various industrial applications, are also discussed.

Colleges/universities have experienced challenging learning environments such as online non-face-to-face classes in pandemic situations such as COVID-19. Through this experience, colleges have become aware of the importance of digital-based learning such as online classes, and accumulated know-how by attempting various technologies and methods to increase the learning effect. Artificial intelligence (AI) technology is rapidly developing after the pandemic, putting us in the era of digital transformation in which the speed of education cannot surpass that of technological development. As a result, learners require digital literacy competencies in addition to ethics regarding higher levels of AI tools, as well as problem-solving skills using various digital-based tools at the same time. Accordingly, this study designed a digital collaboration problem-based learning (DC-PBL) model for college students to solve common problems by collaboratively interacting with one another using various digital tools. To this end, an instructional model was developed based on literature research, which was validated by the opinions of four experts and revised and supplemented by collecting expert opinions, after which the final model was presented.

The Digital Government landscape is changing to reflect how governments try to discover innovative digital solutions, and how they transform themselves in the process. In addition, with the advent of information and communication technology (ICT), e-governance became an essential part of the government. Among the services provided by the Korean government, the Minwon24 online portal is the most used one. However, it has some processing limitations, namely: (1) it provides a cumbersome document authenticity service; (2) people cannot know what happened even if the agency handles the documents arbitrarily. To address the issues outlined above, blockchain processing can be a good alternative. It has a tremendous potential in that it has maximum transparency and a low risk of being hacked. Resource management is one of the areas where blockchain is frequently used. The present study suggests a new model based on blockchain for Minwon24; the proposed model is a type of resource management. There are three participants: issuer, owner and receiver. The proposed model has two stages: issuing and exchanging. Issuing is creating civil documents on the database, which is BigchainDB in this study. Exchanging, the next stage, is a transaction between the owner and the receiver. Based on this model, the actual program is built with the programming language Python. To evaluate the model, the study uses various criteria and it shows the excellence of the model in comparison to others in prior research.

This study discusses the multi-dimensional aspects of the digital divide conceptualizing the magnitude of the digital gaps in social, economic, cultural, and political relationships, which goes beyond its familiar definition. Since the digital disparities bear a close parallel to the existence of social polarization, efforts to narrow digital inequities should be customized at the four structural levels: individuals, communities, regions, and countries. According to four structural levels, this study will examine the multidimensional approaches to the digital divide, which includes not only the accessibility and availability of information resources, but also the conscious and acceptable attitudes toward the perceived gap between the “haves” and the “have-nots”.

Digital finance is increasingly acknowledged for spurring consumer demand and facilitating shared prosperity among diverse groups. Nevertheless, there is still a conspicuous research void regarding its impact on young and middle-aged populations, who constitute the core consumers in the current digital economy. To fill this gap, this paper attempts to conduct an empirical test based on the survey data on digital finance usage and consumption status among young and middle-aged people in Zhejiang Province, a major province in the digital economy. It comprehensively employs methods such as structural equation modeling, mediation effect testing, and multi-group analysis to investigate the influence relationship and internal mechanism of digital finance on the consumption behavior of young and middle-aged groups. Additionally, this study explores the mediating role of emerging consumption concepts in shaping these effects. The research findings disclose four key points: (1) Digital payment, credit, insurance, and investment have significantly promoted the consumption of young and middle-aged people, especially digital credit, which has optimized the consumption structure. (2) Different consumption paradigms mediate the influence of digital finance on consumption behavior, such as the latte consumption concept, excessive consumption concept, and intelligent consumption concept. (3) Digital payment and credit mainly enhance the consumption level of the young, while investment and insurance have a greater impact on the middle-aged group. (4) Digital finance has a more significant impact on consumption in rural and less economically developed areas, especially digital credit. The research of this paper enriches the theoretical research on digital finance and consumption behavior and provides theoretical basis and policy suggestions for the optimization and upgrading of China's consumption structure as well as the formulation and improvement of consumption policies.

도시화는 주거, 교통, 에너지, 환경, 복지, 안전 등의 분야에서 환경을 파괴하고 있다. 이 연구는 시민의 삶의 질을 향상시키고 사회 발전을 촉진하기 위해 "디지털 트윈을 활용한 DID 기반 안전 스마트 시티 모델"을 제안한다. 본 연구에서는 사물 인터넷(IoT) 환경을 위한 표준화된 계층 모델을 개발하고, 블록체인의 분산 장부 기술과 DID(Decentralized Identity)를 활용하여 안전한 장치 통신을 보장함. 또한, 설명 가능한 인공지능(eXplainable Artificial Intelligence)을 이용하여 IoT로 수집된 빅데이터 처리의 투명성을 보장하고, 자율적인 의사 결정 알고리즘 과 디지털 트윈을 통한 실시간 3D 데이터 시각화를 통합하여 이 모델은 문제 해결 및 예방 기능을 향상시킨다. 따라서 이 연구는 CIoT, 블록체인(DID) 및 디지털 트윈 기술을 결합하여 콘텐츠 통합 및 확장성 문제를 해결하는 종합적인 스마트 시티 표준 모델을 만드는 데 필요한 구성요소를 제공하여 향후 스마트 시티 구축에 기여하는 연구이다.

Urbanization exacerbates challenges in housing, transportation, energy, environment, welfare, and safety. This study proposes a "DID-based safe smart city model using digital twin" to enhance citizens' quality of life and advance societal development. We develop a standardized layer model for the Cognitive Internet of Things (CIoT) environment, utilizing blockchain's distributed ledger technology and Decentralized-Identity (DID) for secure device communication. Emphasizing explainable AI (eXplainable Artificial Intelligence), the model ensures transparency in processing IoT-collected big data. By integrating autonomous decision-making algorithms and real-time 3D data visualization through digital twins, the model enhances problem-solving and preventive capabilities. This research distinguishes itself by combining CIoT, blockchain (DID), and digital twin technologies to create a comprehensive smart city standard model addressing content integration and scalability.

본 연구에서는 대상시료의 SEM 입체영상으로부터 동일한 격자모양의 표준시료를 이용하여 평행투영과 중심투영 방정식에 의한 자체검정을 실시하였다. 그 결과 사용된 표준시료에서는 평행투영 방정식이 더욱 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 이 방법으로 3차원 위치를 최대오차 5 m 이내의 정확도로 추출할 수 있었으며, 수치사진측량기법으로 암석 시료표면의 3차원 분석을 위한 Digital Surface Model(DSM)을 획득할 수 있었다. 본 결과는 암석표면의 미세형상 변화를 정량화하거나 풍화에 의한 형상특징을 분석하는 데에 사용될 수 있다.

This study presents method for self-calibration of the SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope) stereo image using the standard microprobe with same grid pattern. Using parallel and central perspective projection equation. Result showed that parallel projection method is more suitable for standard microprobe. The maximum error of 3D coordinates acquired by the method did not exceed 5 m, and DSM(Digital Surface Model) for three dimensional measurement of the rock sample was generated by the digital photogrammetry. This result can be used for quantification of micro scale change of shape and analysis of the micro morphology of rock due to weathering.

이 연구는 기록관리 영역에서 공공 전자기록의 증거능력을 근거할신뢰가치 모델(안)을 개발할 것을 목표로 하였다. 이 연구가 목표로 하는 ‘공공 전자기록의 신뢰가치 모델(안)’은 전자기록의 생산과 함께 확보되어야 하는 속성에서부터, 연속적인 기록관리과정에서 확인될 무결성, 기록 생산 업무 활동과의 관계에 관한 증거, 생산 시 의도된 대로얼마나 전자기록을 재현하고 이해할 수 있도록 하는가의 정도 등을 확인할 수 있도록 설계된 모델이다. 이를 위한 모델 개발과정에는, QADEP 신뢰가치 측정 모델을 기초로 활용하였다. QADEP 모델 분석 결과, 진본성과 신뢰성 및 이용가능성의 외적 측정영역 유형의 범주에서 공공전자기록의 신뢰가치를 측정할 수 있는 영역과 지표 및 측정기준을 설계할 것을 결정하였다. 이 방향에 맞추어, ISO 16175-1:2020의 분석을통해 기초 모델의 측정영역과 지표를 확장 및 구체화하였으며, 공공표준을 샘플로 분석하여 도구화할 수 있도록 측정 체계도 제안하였다. 이 연구는 선행 연구성과에 토대를 두어, 전자기록의 신뢰가치 확립을위해 갖춰야 할 증거능력 확보에 적용할 수 있는 도구 개발의 가능성을 확인하였다는 의의를 지닌다.

이 연구의 목적은 우리나라 디지털도서관의 서비스 품질을 객관적으로 측정할 수 있는 표준화된 서비스 품질 측정모형과 지표를 개발하고 검증하는 것이다. 디지털도서관의 서비스 품질 측정모형과 지표를 개발하기 위해 문헌연구와 델파이 조사를 실시하였으며 연구모형을 검증하기 위해 디지털도서관 이용자 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구결과 4개의 차원, 7개의 구성요인, 30개의 측정항목으로 이루어지는 DL-SQI 모형이 개발되었으며 신뢰성 분석과 확인적 요인분석을 통해 연구모형의 타당도를 검증하였다.

The purpose of this study is to develop and prove service quality measurement model and indicators which are able to measure objectively service quality of digital libraries in Korea. Literature review and Delphi survey are used to investigate service quality dimensions. User perceived service quality performance was measured to validate DL-SQI model with three digital libraries. Finally DL-SQI(Digital Library-Service Quality Index) model was developed which is composed of four primary dimensions. The survey results reveal that reliability coefficient is 0.8 which means high reliability of survey and it suggests that DL-SQI model based on the above dimensions is proved through confirmatory factor analysis.

이 연구는 공공 전자기록 조직 구조를 반영한 새로운 조직 모형 개발을 목표로 한다. 공공 전자기록의 다양한 맥락 표현이 가능하도록 개체와 속성을 정의하여 개념적 수준에서 모형을 개발하고, 이를 실험적으로 적용해본다. 개념 모형의 원칙을 존중하면서도 공공 전자기록의 특성을 반영하며, 특히 기록 건에 집중한 조직화 가능성을 적극적으로 살펴본다. 이를 위해, 기록 건을 중심으로 한 다면형의 네트워크 구조로 표현될 수 있는 모형의 개발과 다양하며 확장된 맥락정보와 기록의 연계 측면에 집중하여 연구를 진행한다.

This study aims to develop a model that reflects a electronic record organizational structure from the point of view of a development of next-generation model. It attempts to develop a model at the conceptual level, which defines entities and attributes to express the context of the creation and management of Korean electronic records and other diverse contexts, and applies them experimentally. This study follows the principles of the RiC conceptual model, however reflects the characteristics and context of the creation and management of public electronic records, and actively explores the possibility of record item-oriented organization. To this end, it focuses on the representation of record items, the development of a model that can be represented by a multifaceted network structure, and the linkage of diverse and extended contextual information and records.

이 연구는 차세대 전자기록관리체계 수립의 중요한 과제 중 하나로 우리나라의 공공 전자기록 조직화 원칙과 모형을 설계하기에 앞서 설계의방향을 도출하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 기록 조직과 관련하여 기존의 기록조직 원칙에서 벗어난 건 중심 접근 방식의 가능성을 살펴보는 것을 시작으로, 국제 기록물 기술 개념 모형에 대한 분석과 함께, 국내 전자기록에대한 조직 구조 변화의 요구를 드러낸다. 이를 바탕으로, 우리나라 공공전자기록의 분류 및 기술 양상을 드러내면서 전자기록 건 중심의 네트워크형 조직 구조의 가능성을 모색한다. 마지막으로 종합하여 향후 공공 전자기록이 조직화 원칙 및 모형 설계를 위한 방향을 제안하였다.

The study aimed at exploring a direction of development of the conceptual model for organizing public digital records. First, it started with reviewing the possibility of item-oriented records and archival organization, then analyzed RIC-CM developed by ICA EGAD. Second, it investigated the hierarchies of the classes and descriptive information applied to public digital records, as well as showed the necessities of transition from paper-based model to digital-based one. Based on these, it studied to seek possibilities for organizing public digital records not by record groups but by items. Finally, this study proposed the direction of development of the next generation conceptual model for organizing public digital records.

이 연구는 참여형 노동 아카이브 개발 모형을 부산 영도 지역의 주요 산업인 조선 산업을 대상으로 한 디지털 노동 아카이브구축에 적용하고자 하였으며, 참여형 기능을 갖춘 디지털 아카이브 구축 가능성을 모색하고자 하였다. 기록 수집에서부터 아카이브 구축까지 기본적인 로컬리티 기록화 방법론을 적용하면서도특정 공간과 공간에서의 산업 경험을 공유한 주체들의 참여를 수용할 수 있는 아카이브 구축을 실험하고자 하였다. 아카이브 구축 실험에 사용한 도구는 오메카(omeka)이며, 개방형 소프트웨어이면서도 참여 기능을 다양하게 지원할 뿐 아니라 디지털 공간에서 기록을 다각적으로 연계한 콘텐츠 구축이 가능하다는 강점을지니고 있어 실험에 적용하였다. 참여형 노동 아카이브 개발 모형이 제시하는 절차에 따라, 선정된 대상을 중심으로 예비 조사를 거쳐 참여 주체와 맥락 및 기록을 조사하고 수집하였으며, 수집된 기록은 소장처와 출처를 중심으로 집합을 구성한 후 기술하였다. 다음으로 아카이브에 축적된 기록 및 기술정보를 연계 활용하여 사건, 인물, 사업장별 콘텐츠를 구성하였다. 후속연구로진행될 참여 실험을 위해 오메카 추가 기능 중 참여를 지원하는기능을 추가 설치하고 그 기능사용을 실험해보았다. 마지막으로구축 실험의 의미와 한계를 밝혔다.

This study aims to implement a model for developing participatory laborarchives for shipbuilding labor archives in young-do, Busan, and to findpossibilities of building digital labor archives as participatory ones. Themethodology of locality documentation has been applied, and localityarchives accepting participation of people with experiences from shipbuildingindustry have been examined. Omeka was applied because it is anopen-source software and provides additional functions which supportvarious user participations and web-publishing. Following the the model,firstly, a preliminary investigation was conducted and research of participatoryagents and records was proceeded. Secondly, it collected and describedinformation of the agents and records by institutions with records andprovenance. Thirdly, it developed archival contents specific to events,persons and workplaces in association with archival information. For thefollow-up study, plugins were installed and tested to apply for furtherexperiment with participation.

기록평가의 목적은 점차 기록의 선별에서 일종의 주제기반의수집으로 옮겨가고 있다. 특히 현재의 디지털 기술과 웹의 양· 질적 발달은 물리적 수집이 아닌 의미적 수집, 즉 데이터의 연계를 통한 수집을 가능하게 하는 원동력이 되고 있다. 이러한 환경하에서 유네스코를 필두로 국제적으로 ‘기록유산’ 에 대한 개념정립이 이루어지고 있다. 이러한 동향을 반영하고있는 것이 캐나다의 LAC인데, 최근 토탈아카이브즈 정신을 부흥시키고자 새로운 평가방법이자 수집방법을 개발하고 있다. 이것이 ‘Whole-of-Society 접근법’1)이다. 이 접근법의 특징은 크게 세가지이다. 첫 번째, 기록유산을 대상으로 하며, 물리적 수집이 아니라 의미적 수집을 목적으로 한다. 또한 그 대상이 기록유산이기 때문에 반드시 기록유산기관 간의 협력이 전제되어야 한다. 마지막으로 이미 발생한 사건에 대한 기록화뿐만 아니라 동시대적 사건에 대한 기록화도 가능하다는 것이다. 평가방법으로서의 ‘Whole-of-Society 접근법’은 사회이론에 착안하여 사회 구성요소를 식별하는 방식이다. 수집방법으로서의‘Whole-of-Society 접근법’은 디지털기록을 대상으로 하나, 아날로그기록의 소장주체로 안내하는 방식으로 그 대상이 확장된다. 이때의 디지털기록이란 ‘디지털화된(Digitized)’ 기록유산과 ‘본래 디지털인(Born-Digital)’ 기록유산을 포함한다. 그리고 평가 단계에서식별한 사회 구성요소를 메타데이터 요소로 매핑한 다음, 링크드오픈 데이터로 구축함으로써 데이터 간의 연계를 통한 의미적 수집을 실현한다. 마지막으로 이 연구에서는 국내 평가체계는 그 목적이 선별에비교적 국한되어 있어 사회의 기록화를 실현하기 어렵다는 한계를 지적하였다. 이러한 한계를 극복하기 위하여 Whole-of-Society 접근법을 적용하여 가이드라인을 제시한다. 가이드라인은 총 8단계를 거치는데, 1단계부터 4단계는 기록화 대상의 선정과 기술이며 5단계부터 8단계는 디지털 환경에서 의미적 수집을 위한 준비절차라 할 수 있다. 한편 가이드라인의 실행을 위한 선행과제를점검하며 국가기록원의 역할을 촉구한다.

The purpose of the archival appraisal has gradually changed from the selection of records to the documentation of the society. In particular, the qualitative and quantitative developments of the current digital technology and web have become the driving force that enables semantic acquisition, rather than physical one. Under these circumstances, the concept of ‘documentary heritage’ has been re-established internationally, led by UNESCO. Library and Archives Canada (LAC) reflects this trend. LAC has been trying to develop a new appraisal model and an acquisition model at the same time to revive the spirit of total archives, which is the ‘Whole-of-society approach’. Features of this approach can be summarized in three main points. First, it is for documentary heritage and the acquisition refers to semantic acquisition, not the physical one. And because the object of management is documentary heritage, the cooperation between documentary heritage institutions has to be a prerequisite condition. Lastly, it cannot only documenting what already happened, it can documenting what is happening in the current society. ‘Whole-of-society approach’, as an appraisal method, is a way to identify social components based on social theories. The approach, as an acquisition method, is targeting digital recording, which includes ‘digitized’ heritage and ‘born-digital’ heritage. And it makes possible to the semantic acquisition of documentary heritage based on the data linking by mapping identified social components as metadata component and establishing them into linked open data. This study pointed out that it is hard to realize documentation of the society based on domestic appraisal system since the purpose is limited to selection. To overcome this limitation, we suggest a guideline applied with ‘Whole-of-society approach’.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of digital models fabricated by dental scannable stone. Methods: Twenty same cases of stone models(maxillary full arch) were manufactured. Intercanine distance, intermolar distance, two dental arch lengths(right, left), two diagonal of dental arch lengths(right, left) were measured for comparison. Each of ten stone models were measured by digital vernier calipers and scanned by dental scanner. Ten digital models were measured by CAD program. The mean(SDs) values were compared by a Mann- Whitney U test( =0.05). Results: No statistically significant differences between the two groups were found at intermolar distance, dental arch length(right)(p>0.05). However, intercanine distance, dental arch length(left) and two diagonal of dental arch lengths(right, left) were statistically significant(p<0.05). Conclusion: Stone models fabricated by dental scannable stone showed larger than digital models.

본 연구의 목적은 리터러시 및 독서･정보･ICT･디지털 리터러시의 개념을 고찰하고 정의하여 이들 리터러시의 개념적 차이를 통한 독서･정보･ICT･디지털 리터러시의 개념화 모델을 개발하는 데 있다. 동시대의 사회적이고 문화적이며 정보 기술의 발전에 따른 현상을 설명하는 개념으로 컴퓨터 리터러시가 등장하였으며, 이후 컴퓨터 리터러시는 IT와 ICT 리터러시로 그리고 디지털 리터러시로 변화되어 왔다. 연구결과로, 매체의 기술적 변화에 따라 용어가 변화되어 온 이들 리터러시를 매체 중심적 리터러시로 분류하였고, 텍스트나 정보를 이해하고 활용하고 평가하는 인지적 과정에 초점을 둔 독서 리터러시와 정보 리터러시를 과정 중심적 리터러시로 분류하여 독서･정보･ICT･디지털 리터러시의 개념화 모델을 개발하였다. 디지털 환경에서도 독서나 정보 리터러시는 매체에서 드러난 텍스트를 비판적으로 사고하고 평가하는 핵심적인 역량으로 독자들의 독서 및 정보 격차를 줄일 수 있는 방법에 대한 관심과 연구가 더욱 필요하다.

The purpose of this study is to develop conceptualization models of reading, information, ICT, and digital literacy through conceptual differences of these literacy by reviewing and defining the concepts of literacy as well as reading, information, ICT, and digital literacy. Computer literacy has emerged as a concept that explains the phenomenon of contemporary social, cultural, and information technology development, and since then, computer literacy has since changed to IT, ICT literacy, and digital literacy. As a result of the study, a conceptualization model of the reading, information, ICT, and digital literacy was developed. In this model, these literacy whose terms have changed according to the technological development of media, have been classified as medium-centered literacy. And reading and information literacy that focuses on the cognitive process of understanding, utilizing, and evaluating texts and information is categorized as process-oriented literacy. In the digital environment, reading and information literacy is a core competence to critically think and evaluate the texts that are on media, and further research is needed to reduce the reading and the information gap among readers.

이 연구는 국립중앙도서관 디지털도서관(NDL) 정보광장에 대한 고객만족도를 측정하기 위한 구조방정식모형을 설정하고 이 모형에서 이용자와 직원 모두에게 적용할 수 있는 모형을 검증하여, 도서관의 서비스품질과 만족도, 충성도에 대해 이용자의 인식과 직원의 예측 사이의 차이를 분석하고, LCSI의 공식에 따라 디지털도서관 정보광장의 고객만족지수를 산출하였다. 분석 결과 디지털도서관 정보광장의 고객만족을 측정하기 위한 모형은 부분매개모형보다는 완전매개모형이 더 적합하였으며, LCSI의 공식에 따라 고객만족지수를 산출한 결과 디지털도서관 정보광장의 고객만족지수는 75.69점으로 나타났다. 이용자의 고객만족도에 대한 도서관 직원들의 예측을 파악하기 위해 이용자와 동일한 모형을 사용할 수 있는지를 검증한 결과 우수한 적합도를 보여 이용자와 직원에게 모두 동일한 모형을 적용할 수 있음이 밝혀졌다. 이러한 검증결과를 바탕으로 이용자와 직원이 예측한 서비스품질 및 만족도, 충성도를 비교한 결과, 디지털도서관 정보광장 이용자들은 직원이 예측한 것보다 모든 면에서 더 높게 인식하는 것으로 나타났다.

This study tries to develop and testify the structural equation model(SEM) for customer satisfaction of information commons in digital library(NDL) of the National Library of Korea and to calculate library customer satisfaction index (LCSI) based both on customers' perceptions and the staff members' expectations. It also compares the customers' perceptions with the staff members' expectations about service quality, satisfaction, and loyalty. Full mediation model is better fit than partial mediation model for this study, and it is proved that this model can be used for both groups. This study calculate LCSI for the information commons as 75.69. The comparison the customers' perceptions with the staff members' expectations shows that all of the figures of the former are higher than those of the latter.