Earticle

Purpose: The study aimed to examine the satisfaction level among dental technicians with a computer-based mock national examination. Methods: The study was conducted from September 1 to 30, 2020, targeting 179 students in the department of dental technology. Descriptive statistical analysis, cross-tabulation, paired sample t-tests, ANOVA, and regression analysis was conducted. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 22.0 (IBM). Results: The overall satisfaction levels of the mock examination were at 3.80 and 3.93 points for the paper-based testing (PBT) and computer-based testing (CBT), respectively (p<0.001). Regarding the ability to demonstrate dental technician knowledge and skills, the satisfaction level was the highest in the CBT at 3.79 points, followed by the PBT at 3.58 points (p<0.001). As regards the correlation between the mock test and the job situation, the satisfaction level was the highest in the CBT at 3.85 points, followed by the PBT at 3.67 points (p<0.001). The “job-relatedness” item also emerged as a significant predictor variable (p<0.001). The Exp (B) value was 1.371, which means that the overall satisfaction level of respondents who said that CBT was closely related to their jobs was approximately 1.37 times higher than the level of those who did not. Conclusion: The CBT showed higher satisfaction overall than the PBT; in particular, job-relatedness and the possibility of actual ability demonstration significantly influence satisfaction. Therefore, job-based scenarios and practical suitability are important when designing future CBT evaluations.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the perception of the application of computerbased testing (CBT) in the National Examination for Dental Technicians. Methods: Duly filled survey questionnaires were received from 180 third- and fourth-grade student volunteers from all over the country and 30 professors and 32 clinicians who were identified from a convenience sample from September 15, 2020 to September 23, 2020. In total, 242 questionnaires were analyzed. Depending on the characteristics of the data, frequency, percentage, and one-way ANOVA were performed. Scheffe test was used as a post-hoc test, and the significance level was set at 0.05. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0 (IBM). Results: Compared with paper-based testing, CBT significantly increased immersion and concentration on the test and prevented cheating during the examination (p<0.05). Students, professors, and clinicians expressed significant opinions on the validity of applying CBT to the National Examination for Dental Technicians (p<0.05). Conclusion: The use of CBT can improve job evaluations for dental technicians efficiently and accurately, and reflect the actual work environment by combining job performance evaluation with digital technology. The introduction of CBT may improve the quality of dental technician job evaluations and cultivate talents who can adopt digital technology.

New technologies have turned theories of education engineering into practice and also made education more efficient. One of them is the theory of 'Computer Adaptive Testing(CAT)'. This study is aimed to design and develop a web-based teaming system by making up for the weak points in the existing computer adaptive testing(CAT). The characteristics of the system are as follows: Firstly, tests can be controlled to fit the teachers' purposes by putting in different levels of both questions and samples. Secondly, this system does not test the same number of questions as students with different levels of ability do on a paper test, but a test can be taken according to their level. Thus this system is able to correctly judge learners' ability in a short time.

Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between the item response time (iRT) and classic item analysis indicators obtained from computer-based test (CBT) results and deduce students’ problem-solving behavior using the relationship. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the results of the Comprehensive Basic Medical Sciences Examination conducted for 5 years by a CBT system in Dankook University College of Medicine. iRT is defined as the time spent to answer the question. The discrimination index and the difficulty level were used to analyze the items using classical test theory (CTT). The relationship of iRT and the CTT were investigated using a correlation analysis. An analysis of variance was performed to identify the difference between iRT and difficulty level. A regression analysis was conducted to examine the effect of the difficulty index and discrimination index on iRT. Results: iRT increases with increasing difficulty index, and iRT tends to decrease with increasing discrimination index. The students’ effort is increased when they solve difficult items but reduced when they are confronted with items with a high discrimination. The students’ test effort represented by iRT was properly maintained when the items have a ‘desirable’ difficulty and a ‘good’ discrimination. Conclusion: The results of our study show that an adequate degree of item difficulty and discrimination is required to increase students’ motivation. It might be inferred that with the combination of CTT and iRT, we can gain insights about the quality of the examination and test behaviors of the students, which can provide us with more powerful tools to improve them.

The computer is positioning itself as the primary base for performing language assessment. Unlike earlier studies that focused on the comparability of paper-and-pencil and computer-based testing, more recent studies on computer-based assessment are actively examining how the testing method may affect performance. This paper briefly highlights some seminal studies on computer-based language assessment, and then looks at some major recent research trends. This paper goes on to introduce computer-based tests that make the most of the advantages of computer technology: a listening test that allows test takers to control the number of times they listen to a recorded passage; a computer-based reading test that enables test takers to make markings on the screen; and a writing test that allow internet search, and a computer-based reading test that lets test takers adjust the setting for typeface, font size, and line spacing. This paper concludes with introducing the latest research trends and with calling for more research on the construct of and access to computer-based tests.

This study aims to check the practicality of performance assessment using a test item in computer-based testing. Among speaking test items in standardized computer-based tests, this investigator focuses on the picture-based narrative task. It asks the test-taker to describe what has happened based on a story illustrated in a series of six pictures on a computer screen. A total of 51 pre-service and in-service teachers took part in a questionnaire survey asking about the practicality of this task. The results show that the majority of the respondents thought the task seemed to be impractical for a classroom-based performance assessment. Only 10% of the respondents answered that they would use the task as a performance assessment in the classroom. The analysis of qualitative comments reveals the reasons for the low level of practicality. The respondents pointed out that the task would require individual one-on-one proctoring and take several hours for one teacher to evaluate a classroom of students. On the basis of these findings, it is suggested that classroom teachers construct a database system for test-item input, selection, and extraction in order to use the picture-based story telling test item in the classroom.

본 연구에서는 비교적 데이터 처리속도가 빠른 80286계의 CPU를 사용한 16bit 퍼스널 컴퓨터를 이용하는 경우보다, 가격면에서는 훨씬 유리하면서도, 성능은 거의 뒤지지 않는 피로시험 자동화 및 피로거동 고정밀 측정을 위한 시스템을 완성하였다. 본 연구에서 사용한 방법 및 작성한 소프트웨어등은 사용시험기, 피로연구 대상등에 거의 관계없이 이용이 가능하나, 여기서는 편의상, 시험기로서는 폐루우프(closed-loop)유압서어보 피로시험기를 사용하였으며, 피로거동의 측정에 대해서는 주로 피로균열지전을 대상으로 하였다.

Two kinds of 16bit-personal computer-based fatigue testing automation and monitoring system were constructed; one is Single-System utilizing a personal computer, the other si Dual-System consisting of two personal computers. The system developed in this study permits to perform multi-step programmed loading and pseudo-random loading fatigue tests, three parameters such as load, total displacement and subtracted displacement can be measured simultaneously. For improvements in measurements of fatigue behavior, two kinds of signal noise reduction software was developed. In addition, a software was also designed to automatically measure the crack opening point and crack length using the unloading elastic compliance technique.

현재 널리 사용되고 있는 비파괴검사중의 하나인 초음파탐상검사(ultrasonic testing)는 교량, 발전소, 석유화학프랜트 및 중공업분야 등에 사용되는 각종 구조물의 사용전 중검사에 폭넓게 응용되고 있으며, 구조물의 안전관리와 품질관리에 필수적으로 요구되고 있다. 또한, 이들 구조물에 존재하는 결함에 대한 정량적 평가 및 검사 데이타의 해석에 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 기존의 초음파탐상검사에 사용되는 휴대용 초음파탐상기의 단점을 보안하기 위해 컴퓨터 내장형 초음파탐상기가 선진국에서 개발되고 있으며 다양한 소프트웨어의 사용에 따른 검사 신뢰도가 향상되고 있다. 본 연구는 컴퓨터 내장형 초음파탐상기를 구성하고, 이를 콘트롤할 수 있는 프로그램, 검사 결과의 저장 및 신호 처리 해석이 가능한 소프트웨어를 개발하였다.

Ultrasonic testing is one of the most widely used method of nondestructive testing for pre-service inspection(PSI) & in-service inspection(ISI) in structures of bridges, power plants, chemical plants & heavy industrial fields. It is very important to estimate safety, life, quality of structures. Also, a lot of research for quantities evaluation & analyses inspection data is proceeding. But traditional portable ultrasonic flaw detector had been following disadvantages. 1) Analog ultrasonic flaw detector decreased credibility of ultrasonic test, because it is impossible for saving data & digital signal processing. 2) Stand-alone digital ultrasonic flaw detector cannot effectively evaluate received signals because of lack of its storage memory. To overcome this shortcoming, we develop the computer based ultrasonic flaw detector for nondestructive testing. It can store the received signal and effectively evaluate the signal, and then enhance the reliability of the testing results.

본 연구의 목적은 지필 검사도구인 시지각 검사도구 MVPT-3의 문제점을 보완한 시각적 단축, 검사도구의 학습에 대한 문제해결, 치료의 연계성, 검사의 일관성을 위한 컴퓨터 기반 한국형 디자인 시지각 검사도구를 개발하는데 있다. 프로그램을 개발하기 위해 문헌고찰, 개발원칙과 지침 설정을 위한 조사, 시지각 검사 항목과 디자인 설계, 스토리 보드 작성, 소프트웨어 개발, 소프트웨어 개발 프로그램 그림에 대한 타당성 연구, 프로그램 수정 및 보완, 검사 프로그램의 내적 신뢰도 검증 등의 순서대로 진행되었다. 그 결과 검사시간과 채점시간의 단축, 학습의 최소화, 일관성 있는 검사, 데이터베이스와 자료화면 출력할 수 있는 프로그램을 개발하였음이 확인되었다. 개발된 프로그램은 추후 실제 임상장면에서 시지각의 문제가 있는 환자들을 검사하는데 많은 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다. 이 연구를 바탕으로 앞으로 개발된 시지각 검사 프로그램의 표준화 작업이 이루어져야 하며, 결과에 따른 시지각 치료 프로그램도 개발이 되어야 할 것이다. 또한, 타 분야의 전문가들과의 상호협력과 팀 접근이 요구된다.

This study aims to develop computer-based Korean design visual perception testing tool which is more effective than the existing testing method, MVPT-3. This computer-based testing tool has advantages in testing time, connections of treatments, learning issue in testing, and consistence of testing over MVPT-3. In order to develop the computer-based testing tool, literature reviews, investigation for developing policy and guiding principle, design of testing items for visual perception, making a storyboard, coding a software, feasibility study of the pictures in the computer-based testing tool, correction of the tool, and verification for reliability of testing tool were performed. The effectiveness of the newly developed computer-based Korean visual perception testing tool were as follows;. First, it was found that testing time and scoring time are shortened comparing with the existing visual perception testing tools. Second, the learning issues from the existing visual perception testing tools can be minimized. Third, the consistent explanation of the tester can be carried out, thus the consistent test results can be achieved. Fourth, all data can be saved by connected with database, so that the performance results can be reviewed right after the test. The proposed computer-based Korean visual perception testing tool is believed to be very helpful to check the patient with a problem of visual perception in future clinical scene.

본 연구는 컴퓨터적성의 개념모형을 토대로 총 96개의 문항으로 이루어진 컴퓨터적성 검사도구를 개발하였다. 대도시와 중소도시에서 187명의 초등학교 6학년을 표본으로 추출하여 개발된 컴퓨터적성검사를 실시하였으며, 그 결과를 분석하여 문항의 양호도, 검사의 신뢰도를 추정하였다. 탐색적 요인분석과 확인적 요인분석을 실시하여 구성타당도를 검증하였고, 컴퓨터학업성취도와 컴퓨터적성의 비교, 정보영재집단과 일반학생집단의 비교를 통해 준거타당도를 검증하였다. 또한, 검증된 지필식 컴퓨터적성 검사도구를 웹 기반의 컴퓨터적성 검사도구로 전환하여 효과적으로 문제를 출제하고 평가하고 결과를 제시할 수 있는 검사시스템을 설계하고 구현하였다. 이와 같은 과정을 통해 본 연구에서 개발한 컴퓨터적성 검사도구의 문항양호도는 적절한 것으로 나타났으며, 탐색적 요인분석에서 정보분석능력, 정보창의능력, 정보처리능력 등의 구인에 따라 설정된 소검사들이 잘 범주화되었다. 확인적 요인분석에서도 대부분의 적합지수가 적합도 평가기준을 만족하고 있다는 점에서 본 연구에서 설정한 측정모델의 타당성을 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고 컴퓨터적성 검사도구는 컴퓨터학업성취도에 대하여 상당한 상관과 설명력을 보여 컴퓨터교과의 학업능력을 예측하는 참고자료가 될 수 있으며, 정보영재학생들이 수학과학에서 비슷한 성취를 보이는 일반학생들 보다 검사의 모든 영역에서 높은 점수를 보이고 있다는 측면에서 초등학교 단위의 정보영재교육에서 대상학생 선발을 위한 판별도구로 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

A Study on the Validation and the Development of Web-based Testing Instrument for Computer Aptitude Measurement