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BACKGROUNDS The aim of this study is to identify the differences of general properties according to the degree of physical activity(PA) in Korean adults with chronic diseases. METHODS Data used in this study include “Korea Health Panel (2010-2011)” conducted by the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs and the National Health Insurance Service. The study subjects were total of 8,904 people and 4,615 patients with chronic diseases whose age were 20 to 64. RESULTS First, the factors of general properties which showed significant differences according to the degree of PA were gender, age, BMI, marriage state, education level, type of occupation, smoking and drinking state, etc. Second, in the group of the patients with chronic diseases, Middle exercise group showed higher MA than the Low exercise group, and High exercise group showed lower MA than both Low and Middle exercise group. CONCLUSION According to the degree of PA, the results of this study indicate that the differences in gender, age, BMI, marital state, education level, economic activity, occupation, smoking and drinking state, etc., also it indicates the relationship between the MA and PA which improves patients’ health and quality of life. Further studies should explore the relationship between the PA and the various health behaviors beyond the MA, so it will be effective to make the strategy of PA, which induce continuous participation and action of health behaviors in the patients with chronic diseases.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the degree of job satisfaction among hospital pharmacists and its influencing factors through systematic review of prior studies. METHODS. Databases were searched, including EMBASE, MEDLINE, RISS, and KISS to conduct systematic literature review. The search terms were hospital, pharmacist, pharmacy, job, career, and satisfaction. RESULTS. The included studies were published from 1995 to October 2016. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria to the retrieved 559 studies, a total of 12 studies were included for the final analysis. Nine studies were cross-sectional studies and 3 studies were prospective studies. Studies measured job satisfaction level using selfadministered survey. The questionnaire developed by Barnett and Kimberlin (1996) was the most common tool used from the included studies. In the study using 5-point Likert-type scale, the average job satisfaction level of hospital pharmacists was 3.18. It was 2.47 based on 4-point scale and 60.2 based on 100-point scale. Job satisfaction of hospital pharmacists was similar or lower as compared with other health care professionals such as clinicians and nurses. Factors associated with job satisfaction of hospital pharmacists were clinical activities, additional prescribing authorization, and interpersonal interaction. In Korea, a positive relationship between professionalism and job satisfaction was found. Also, task importance and repetition affected job satisfaction level. CONCLUSION According to the study results, the satisfaction level of hospital pharmacists is around the medium level. Effective strategy should be developed to improve job satisfaction based on the findings of the influencing factors to hospital pharmacists’ job satisfaction.

BACKGROUNDS In reports of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), healthcare professionals including doctors, pharmacists and nurses make up the biggest roles whereas consumers were limited to spontaneous adverse event reporting. However, consumer reports have been gradually recognized as an important source of pharmacovigilance by providing unreported symptoms in traditional healthcare professional reports. OBJECTIVE To compare ADRs reported by consumers with ADRs reported by healthcare professionals, in terms of seriousness of event, types of symptoms and medications involved. METHODS ADRs reported to KAERS (Korea Adverse Event Reporting System) in 2014-2015 was analyzed according to source of report, seriousness of symptom, type of ADRs categorized by SOC (system organ class) and the majorly reported medications coded by ATC (anatomical therapeutic chemical). Odds ratio (OR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) for reporting serious ADRs by consumer was calculated as compared with healthcare professionals. RESULTS Consumer reports corresponded to 9.7% of ADR reports, among a total of 286,274 reports from 2014 to 2015. Consumer reports accounted for higher proportion in the reports of female (60.4%) and patients of aged between 28 days and 24 months (21.1%) as compared with healthcare professional reports. Consumers reported serious ADRs more than twice as compared with healthcare professionals (OR 2.30; 95% CI 2.19-2.42). In serious ADRs, significant difference was shown in the frequency of major symptoms and major medications involved between consumer reports and healthcare professional reports. CONCLUSION This study found significant difference between consumer and healthcare reports in its proportion of categories including gender, major symptoms and medications.

OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to investigate the purpose of pharmacy visit, service satisfaction, and the expected services from community pharmacy. METHODS Twenty eight-items questionnaire verified through a pilot test was used. Adults over the age of 20 were enrolled by convenience sampling during July 17 to 24, 2017. The data were analyzed descriptively by using Microsoft Excel program. RESULTS Of 119 respondents, about two thirds were younger than 40, educated above college, and lived in Seoul and Incheon/Gyeonggi. During the last 3 months, 70.5% and 66.4% of respondents visited community pharmacy for prescription drug dispensing and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs purchasing, while only 16.8% and 3.4% of them visited for health functional food (HFF) purchasing and health promotion counseling (HPC). The main reason of low HPC service uses was lack of awareness about its availability in community pharmacy. They were highly satisfied with pharmacy services for prescription drug, OTC, HFF, and HPC (92.8%, 86.1%, 90.0%, and 100.0%), respectively. Their expected services from community pharmacy were the management of safe drug use, sufficient provision of product information, support for selecting products, and counseling for general health-related problems. CONCLUSION This study suggests that community pharmacy should actively let the general publics know diverse pharmacy services and strengthen pharmacist’s roles in primary care. The value of community pharmacy will be enhanced by satisfactorily providing the services expected by general publics.