Earticle

본 연구에서는 MRO e마켓의 성공 요소를 엔투비(주)의 사례를 바탕으로 제시하였다. e마켓의 성공요소를 초기 유동성, 공급자 참여, 구매자 참여, 중개자 가치 기여로 분류하고 이를 바탕으로 비즈니스 모델의 실천적 요소를 엔투비의 창업부터 성장 과정의 분석을 통하여 정리하였다. 본 연구의 특징은 성공적인 e마켓 구현을 위한 실천적 변화관리 요소를 장애 요인 및 비즈니스 모델 관점에서 제시한데 있다. 비즈니스 모델 구성 요소, 가치 구조, 전자 카탈로그 등을 상세히 제시하였고 MRO e마켓활용을 통한 고객사의 성과 개선은 사용자 직접구매(Desktop Purchasing) 및 전자조달 프로세스를 통한 계량적 직간접 비용 절감 효과를 예시하였다. 본 연구의 공헌은 e마켓의 이론 대비 상대적으로 부족한 실천적 연구의 간격을 좁힌데 있으며 본 사례 연구를 통하여 제시된 시사점은 MRO e마켓의 성공적 구현을 위한 향후 연구에 활용될 수 있다.

In this paper, we report case analysis on entob.com which is one of the leading domestic players in MRO e-marketplace. Critical success factors of achieving early liquidity and right ownerships are addressed for successful e-marketplace launching. Change management issues, required to encourage suppliers participation and to overcome adoption barriers from buyer firms, are suggested and illustrated for the successful implementation of the MRO e-marketplace. The business model architectures enabling to create e-intermediary value to both the suppliers and buyers are detailed. Finally, benefits of buyer firms captured through e-procurement business process streamlining and material cost savings are reported as the successful application stories. The findings suggest practical managerial insights for MRO e-marketplace implementation and further research

본 연구는 혁신확산의 관점에서 전자조달 해외확산을 재조명하여 성과평가방법론 을 개발하고, 전자조달 해외확산에 대한 방향성을 제고하는데 초점을 맞추고 있다. 베트남과 코스타리카 사례를 중심으로 전자조달 해외확산의 성과를 평가한 결과, 확 산가능성이 미미한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 기존의 전자조달 해외확산에 대한 추진전략이 혁신확산적인 관점 에서 재정립될 필요가 있음을 시사한다. 전자조달 해외확산은 제도적 영향과 가치의 전수가 포함되는 정책수출의 성격을 가지고 있기 때문에, 혁신확산적 속성인 도입/ 채택, 변화/수용성, 확산의 관점에서 재평가되어야 한다. 또한 전자조달 해외확산과 관련된 사업은 이제 단순한 양적 확산이 아니라 질적 확산의 관점에서 진정한 한국 적 가치를 전수할 수 있도록 그 추진방향을 재설정할 필요가 있다.

The purpose of this paper is to develop the approach of the performance evaluation for the international diffusion of Korean e-procurement system, and to propose the basic direction for the diffusion from an innovation diffusion theoretical view. This paper focus on Vietnam and Costa Rica Case to adopt Korea e-procurement system. In the results of this paper, the potentials of diffusion are insignificant. The International diffusion of Korea e-procurement system is in effect equivalent to export the Korean’s policy. So the performance should be re-evaluated not only in the view of quantitative diffusion, but also qualitative one of the attributes, that is ‘adoption’, ‘transition’ and ‘propagation’, in innovation diffusion theory. The future way of the projects for international diffusion of Korean e-procurement should be designed to pass down Korean’s values into the other countries.

F&B(food and beverage) in accommodation industry is a key service that determine the satisfaction of customers in tourism industry. As the importance of the management of quality gets increasingly highlighted in service industry, the innovation in the management of service quality and satisfaction in tourism industry is gaining high attention. In this research, we focused on the improvement and innovation of the management of procurement process for F&B service based on the smart use of information technology. A case and scenario analysis of the improvements in the management of procurement process is performed focusing on a medium-size accommodation business. Future opportunities and potential of further IT-based innovation is discussed.

본 연구는 도서관 전자책 서비스에서 장애인의 정보 접근권을 실질적으로 보장하기 위해 전자책 조달계약 단계에서의 접근성 기준 제도화 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 국내 도서관의 전자책 조달 문서를 분석하고, 미국, 캐나다, 유럽연합 등 주요 국가의 관련 법제 및 운영 사례를 검토하였다. 분석 결과, 전자책 서비스는 플랫폼, 콘텐츠, 뷰어의 세 구성 요소가 유기적으로 작동하는 구조를 가지며, 각 요소별로 접근성 기준을 충족하는 통합적 대응이 요구됨을 확인하였다. 이에 따라 도서관이 제안요청서(RFP), 과업지시서(SOW), 계약서에 접근성 조항을 명문화할 수 있도록 ‘전자책 접근성 조달계약 가이드라인(안)’을 제시하였으며, 공급업체가 자가 진단을 통해 접근성 수준을 확인하고 제출할 수 있는 ‘한국형 VPAT(K-VPAT)(안)’을 함께 개발하였다. 또한, 전자책 접근성 품질인증제도와 조달계약 연계 방안, 접근성 메타데이터의 표준화 및 표현 전략, 전자자료 담당자의 전문성 강화, 이용자 피드백 기반의 사후 검증 체계 등 기술적․운영적 개선 방안도 함께 도출하였다. 본 연구는 전자책 조달계약 단계에서 접근성 기준을 체계적으로 반영함으로써, 도서관이 장애인의 정보 접근권을 실현하는 기반을 마련하는 데 기여하고자 하였다.

This study aims to propose institutional strategies for incorporating accessibility standards into the e-book procurement process in libraries to ensure the information access rights of persons with disabilities. To this end, procurement documents from Korean libraries were analyzed, and relevant legislation and practical cases from the United States, Canada, and the European Union were reviewed. The findings indicate that e-book services are composed of a triadic structure?platforms, content, and viewers?which requires an integrated approach to satisfy accessibility standards across all components. Accordingly, the study presents a “Guideline for Accessible E-book Procurement Contracts” to help libraries formally include accessibility clauses in Request for Proposals, Statements of Work, and contracts. It also develops a “Korean Voluntary Product Accessibility Template (K-VPAT)” that enables vendors to self-assess and submit their compliance levels during the procurement process. Furthermore, the study proposes additional technical and operational improvement measures, including the implementation of an e-book accessibility certification system linked to procurement contracts, the standardization and presentation strategies of accessibility metadata, the enhancement of librarians’ expertise, and the establishment of post-evaluation systems based on user feedback. This study contributes to establishing a practical foundation for libraries to realize the information access rights of persons with disabilities by systematically integrating accessibility criteria throughout the entire e-book procurement process.

South Korea’s e-Government is changing its e-Governance to strengthen information transparency and fairness, having passed through the preparation, diffusion, and maturation stages according to the direction and purpose of the government’s policies. Various services are being offered and are evolving towards a system where businesses can bid for public informatization in a way that makes public information open to citizens. This study examined the intentions of procurement business bidding managers that use the e-Procurement system for bidding. The study model combined the UTAUT and TTF models. A positive analysis was performed using the SMART PLS for statistical analysis and hypothesis testing. The results showed that, for procurement business users, performance expectance, social influence, and facilitating conditions but not effort expectance had a significant positive influence, perhaps because systems adopted through government policies are not in a form that can be used voluntarily (e.g., smartphones, tablet PCs, Internet banking) but instead have inherent characteristics that give users no options, regardless of their wishes. This study is significant in identifying the characteristics attributable to obligatory use, instead of voluntary use, for the achievement of organizational (company) goals.

This study analyzes the difference in the intention to use an e-Procurement system by examining public institution procurement managers and the bidding managers of procurement businesses who participate in government bids. A comparison of intention of use between procurement institutions and procurement businesses showed that the influence on the intention to use among public institution procurement managers was stronger than was that on procurement business bidding managers. The results also showed that public institution procurement managers had a stronger influencing relationship with social influence, task–technology fit, partnership, and security variables; the factors and functions related to these must be strengthened in order to revitalize the e-Procurement system. Meanwhile, procurement business bidding managers had a strong relationship with the facilitating condition and technological characteristic variables. This study is significant in showing the importance of strengthening the functions related to security.

This study examined the usage intention for electronic e-Government procurement services among Public Institution Procurement Managers. The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model and the task–technology fit (TTF) model were combined to establish a study model. An hypothesis was formed and verified using SMART PLS. The results show that the UTAUT factors examined in this study effort expectance, social influence, and facilitating conditions influence usage intention. This study is significant in applying both the TTF and UTAUT models with strong explanatory power and identifying the characteristics of the tasks and technology that are required for the use of e-Procurement systems.

오늘날 B2B 전자상거래의 폭발적인 성장과 더불어 SCM상에서 e-Procurement의 중요성이 부각되고 있다. 그 중에서 다수의 구매자와 공급자가 참여하여 다양한 형태의 상거래를 수행하는 3자 관리 모델은 점차 시장이 확대되어 e-Procurement의 핵심요소로 여겨지고 있다. 하지만 현재의 e-Procurement의 3자 관리 모델은 방대한 제품 정보 중에서 구매자가 원하는 제품을 정확히 검색할 수 있는 기능이 미비하고 구매 물량에 따른 할인 가격과 공급자의 배송 정책을 고려한 납기일을 실시간으로 구매자에게 제공해 줄 수 있는 기능이 미흡한 실정이다. 또한 구매 프로세스의 주요 기능인 공급자의 선택에 있어 공급자에 대한 신뢰성이 결여되어 구매자의 비즈니스 요구사항을 채워주지 못하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 e-Procurement의 3자 관리 모델의 문제점을 해결하고 발전시키기 위해 (1)구매자의 제품 검색 시 시맨틱 웹을 이용한 카테고리 기반 검색 기법과 (2)비즈니스 룰과 웹서비스 기반으로 공급자의 가격 정책, 배송 정책에 따른 납기일을 고려한 검색, (3)구매자와 공급자의 단일 거래에 대한 서비스 품질을 측정하여 구매자에게 공급자의 신뢰성을 보장하는 제품 추천 e-Procurement 시스템을 제안한다.

Purpose: Democratization and social structure have been identified as critical factors affecting E-Government’s corruption fighting capacity. To determine how E-Government functions differently against corruption in democratic egalitarian vs. authoritarian inegalitarian nations, this study examines the factors behind Korea’s successful anti-corruption E-Procurement program KONEPS and Malaysia’s less successful E-Perolehan program. Originality: Despite the contributions of large sample empirical work, no in-depth case analysis has yet shown how democracy and egalitarian social structure increases E-Government’s effectiveness against corruption, which is important for those interested in reforming under-utilized or ineffectively applied E-Government systems. Methodology: This longitudinal case study unpacks the causal mechanisms between cause and outcome, comparing and contrasting the development of E-Government, in particular, E-Procurement in two East Asian NICS: the consolidated egalitarian democracy of South Korea and single party, inegalitarian Malaysia. Result: Democratization and an egalitarian social structure provided incentives for citizens and politicians to back E-Government as a graft-fighting tool. Korean civic groups pressed to stop corruption and helped design KONEPS to reduce bureaucratic discretion over the selection of tender winners and release of annual purchasing plans and detailed bid information. In contrast, the Malaysian state introduced E-Government to bolster the ruling UMNO’s image and intentionally maintained E-Perolehan’s information asymmetries and bureaucratic discretion to preserve lucrative corruption schemes. Conclusion and Implication: Malaysia’s newly elected opposition party politicians have a strong incentive to use E-Perolehan against corruption by releasing more information regarding procurement plans, contract details and selection criteria while eliminating bureaucratic discretion over the selection of tender winners.

The importance of advancing e-government is recognized as improving efficiency and productivity, building public trust, and increasing transparency and accountability. Korea is widening international co-operation with regards to sharing its advanced knowledge and expertise in e-government with developing countries worldwide. The focus of this paper is on enhancing the sustainability of e-government development efforts of Korea and its ODA recipient partners. Our recommendations are based on the results we found from post-implementation reviews of two e-procurement development projects that Korea supported in Vietnam and Mongolia. Although the two projects began with shared common ground on various aspects, they later evolved into two different situations in sustainability perspective. Following the Direct Method of Agreement by J.S. Mill, we derived five recommendations for effective and sustainable ODA e-government co-operations. We posit the following are essential to sustainability of e-government (e-procurement) projects: 1) investing in pre-development consulting; 2) determining the project scope by functional building blocks; 3) careful change management; 4) providing proper post-implementation support; and finally, 5) shifting from separated and fragmented individual projects to a long-term, coordinated program.

Because XML is a W3C standard and has characteristics like platform-independent, it has a critical role in e-commerce. Business rules and procedures should be standardized for efficient B2B integration. But a lot of companies has its own XML documents instead of standard documents. Therefore many organizations try to make standards for e-commerce based on framework. In this paper, n messaging system is designed and implemented. Client request service in a XML and server return response in XML in this system. So we can more easily and efficiently build e-Procurement system based on this XML messaging system.

본 논문은 국내 자동차산업을 대상으로 개발된 응용시스템으로, UML(Unified Modeling Language)을 이용한 XML(eXtensible Markup Language)기반의 안전한 전자조달(E-Procurement) 시스템을 제안하고 있다. 컴포넌트 개발기법인 UML 방법론의 활용으로 자동차산업의 구매업무 Workflow가 분석되었으며, XML 기반의 EDI(Electronic Data Interchange)와 전자서명 기능을 구현함으로써 기업간 구매업무를 자동화하는 효율적인 E-Procurement 시스템 프로토타입이 구현되었다. 또한 본 논문은 기존 정보공학방법론에서 한계로 지적되던 S/W의 재사용성과 Life Cycle의 위험을 줄인 컴포넌트 개발기법을 활용하고, 기업내 Legacy 시스템인 ERP와의 연동을 가능하게 하였다. 본 시스템은 기존 시스템이 제공하지 못하는 워크플로우(workflow)분석 및 설계, 컴포넌트 개발, 기업내부 시스템과의 연동, 그리고 전자문서의 무결성과 인증을 위한 XML 전자서명을 적용하는 해법을 제안하고 있다.

This paper intends to suggest a XML-based secure E-Procurement system using Unified Modeling Language(UML), as an application system for domestic automobile industry. Applying UML methodology, which is Component-based Development (CBD), we analyzed the workflow on procurement operation of automobile industry and implemented a prototype of efficient E-Procurement system for automobile industry, by developing XML/EDI and XML signature. Also, on this paper, object-oriented CBD is employed to minimize the risk of life cycle and reuse software as mentioned to limitation of information engineering methodology. It enables the interoperability with ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) as corporate legacy system. This system proposes a solution to apply analysis and design of workflow, component development, interoperability with corporate information system, and XML signature for integrity and authentication of electronic documents in other system so far.