Earticle

This article investigates the syntactic structure and the meaning of English Double Object Construction(DOC), especially concentrating on those of its 1st object. The basic property of DOC this article assumes is that it has an Appl above the VP, which merges with the 1st object of DOC and contributes to the appropriate structure of DOC sentences. And it is also assumed that this merge operation induces the unvalued theta feature of Appl and the valued theta feature of the 1st object of DOC, which is acquired in the conceptual structure before entering the merge operation, to be checked. This checking process between the unvalued theta feature and the valued theta feature makes it plausible that the 1st object of DOC can have various meanings that cannot be categorized as one theta role.

This paper presents a series of arguments in support of a disjunctive analysis of Korean verbal suffix -cwu. The suffix -cwu can be classified into two subtypes depending on whether it has the ability to introduce a non-core dative argument or not. This paper reviews two representative analyses of these two types of Korean -cwu, Jung(2014) and Tomioka and Kim(2017). Jung(2014) proposes a disjunctive treatment of argument-introducing -cwu and -cwu that fails to license a syntactic argument. In contrast, Tomioka and Kim(2017) attempt at a unified account where both instances of -cwu are linked to a benefactive head. In this paper, I bring to light novel evidence from idioms containing -cwu as well as a malefactive semantic contribution of -cwu. I show that these two sets of data are only compatible with Jung(2014) and not with Tomioka and Kim(2017). Finally, I update Jung(2014) and discuss an additional welcome consequence with regard to the interaction between -cwu and inchoatives with a Theme subject.

This paper investigates the relation between Korean nominal markers (case, topic, focus stress, etc.) and the semantic interpretations each of them induces in multiple nominative constructions (MNC). Adopting Jeon’s (2019b) proposal, which is the revised version of Diesing’s (1992) mapping hypothesis, and Ha’s (2014) applicative approach, I show that in MNCs a generic reading is licensed in the restrictive clause (TopP/FocP) by binding by the null generic operator GEN and an existential/episodic reading can be derived by existential closure in ApplP, which is the nuclear scope. It will be shown that nominative-marked NPs in MNCs are all licensed by an applicative head and are represented in the vP-type projection, ApplP. This mapping structure is supported by the analysis in Jeon (2019b), which presents the evidence against the lexical division of stage- and individual- level predicates, arguing for a distinction dependent on syntactic contexts.

In this research, it is studied whether an abandoned tunnel can be used for a warehouse to keep rice. Today's agricultural industry especially rice farming in our nation is put in the bad condition such as not sufficient man power, not enough capital and so on, and moreover dose not have competitive power as well-known against products from other nations through FTA. But there are many ways to increase competitive power we can guess. Development of technique to keep quality of the agricultural product by controlled atmosphere is one of the reasonable ways. From these backgrounds, it has been studied whether an abandoned tunnel is suitable for rice as storage place or not. In the result, the inner condition of the abandoned tunnel was measured that temperature is 15℃ in average and relative humidity is 55% in average and it is therefore found that to use an abandoned tunnel as a place to storage rice is reasonable in the consideration of thermal and cost-saving aspect.

“Double Object Constructions: Indirect Objects as PP Goals.” Studies in English Language & Literature. 37.4 (2011): 167-81. This paper delves into some interesting aspects of double object constructions (DOC) in English and proposes the structure of DOC in terms of the applicative phrase (Bruening, 2010). I combine the DOC and the so-called prepositional dative construction into one unified construction where IO is projected as PP in the specifier of the applicative phrase either on the left or on the right. The head of PP may be null or overt; if it is null via P incorporation, it is disguised as NP. If it is overt, however, it is realized as PP either on the left or on the right of DO. The postulation of PP along with P incorporation can provide a principled account of an asymmetry in the passive of IO and DO in DOCs. The passive of DO in DOCs freely occurs, whereas that of IO in DOCs is highly restricted across ditransitive verbs among native speakers. The account in terms of PP Goal attributes this asymmetry to the existence of P, null or overt, hindering IO to be passivized out of PP, which is treated as a barrier in passivization in English. (Chungbuk National University)

Today cloud computing has been the buzzword among many communities. Many users are using the cloud to ensure cost effectiveness towards their hardware resources. As cloud may seem tempting there are many security issues relating to the cloud. One the issue is the activities performed on the data, which are monitored by logs. These logs are used as evidence to the forensic investigators. But due to the emerging technologies the hackers are able to modify the log data. When the hackers modify the data, it is a painful task for the forensic investigators to rebuild the evidence. So to address this issue we are developing a mechanism to generate the log files, ensure security to log files and making the log files interoperable to the Cloud Service Provider (CSP).

본고는 한국어에 충당 구문을 설정하고 그 특징을 밝히는 데에 목적이 있다. 충당 구문이란 본래 사격어로 실현될 법한 주변 논항이 목적어로 실현된 구문으로, 의미 역할과 문법 역할이 비전형적인 대응 관계를 보이는 태 구문의 일종이다. 세계 여러 언어에서 충당 구문은 주변 논항을 강조해야 하는 다양한 상황에서 사용된다. 한국어에는 처소역, 수반역, 착점역 논항이 목적어로 실현된 충당 구문의 유형이 존재한다. 어떤 의미 역할의 주변 논항이 목적어로 실현되는가에 따라 충당 구문의 실현 양상은 조금씩 차이를 보이는데, 특히 논항의 유정성 자질에 따라 실현 양상이 달라지는 모습이 확인된다. 한국어의 충당 구문은 유형론적 경향을 따라 주변 논항을 강조할 만한 상황에서 선택적으로 사용된다. 충당 구문이 사용되는 상황으로는 주변 논항이 화제성이 높거나, 절 연결 시 공유 논항이거나, 사람 명사에 해당하거나, 초점 성분인 경우 등을 들 수 있다.

This paper aims to establish the structure of the ‘applicative construction’ in Korean and to elucidate its characteristics. The term ‘applicative construction’ refers to a syntactic structure in which a peripheral argument that would typically appear in the oblique form is instead realized as an objective form, creating a marked alignment between semantic and grammatical roles. Applicative constructions are used in various languages around the world in situations where there is a need to emphasize peripheral arguments. In Korean, there are specific types of applicative constructions where locative, comitative, and goal arguments are realized as objects. The manifestation of these constructions varies slightly depending on the type of peripheral argument expressed as the object, particularly showing differences according to the animacy of the argument. In line with typological trends, applicative construction in Korean is selectively employed in contexts that warrant emphasis on peripheral arguments. Situations that typically invoke the use of the applicative construction include cases where the peripheral argument is highly topical, functions as a shared argument in clause chaining, refers to a human noun, or serves as a focus element.

Objective: To evaluate the application value of serum CA19-9, CEA, CA125 and CA242 in diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer cases treated with concurrent chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: 52 patients with pancreatic cancer, 40 with benign pancreatic diseases and 40 healthy people were selected. The electrochemiluminescence immunoassay method was used for detecting levels of CA19-9, CEA and CA125, and a CanAg CA242 enzyme linked immunoassay kit for assessing the level of CA242. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for analyzing the prognostic factors of patients with pancreatic cancer. The Cox proportional hazard model was applied for analyzing the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidential interval (CI) for survival time of patients with pancreatic cancer. Results: The levels of serum CA19-9, CEA, CA125 and CA242 in patients with pancreatic cancer were significantly higher than those in patients with benign pancreatic diseases and healthy people (P<0.001). The sensitivity of CA19-9 was the highest among these, followed by CA242, CA125 and CEA. The specificity of CA242 is the highest, followed by CA125, CEA and CA19-9. The sensitivity and specificity of joint detection of serum CA19-9, CEA, CA125and CA242 were 90.4% and 93.8%, obviously higher than single detection of those markers in diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. The median survival time of 52 patients with pancreatic cancer was 10 months (95% CI7.389~12.611).. Patients with the increasing level of serum CA19-9, CEA, CA125, CA242 had shorter survival times (P=0.047. 0.043, 0.0041, 0.029). COX regression analysis showed that CA19-9 was an independent prognostic factor for patients with pancreatic cancer (P=0.001, 95%CI 2.591~38.243). Conclusions: The detection of serum tumor markers (CA19.9, CEA, CA125 and CA242) is conducive to the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and joint detection of tumor markers helps improve the diagnostic efficiency. Moreover, CA19-9 is an independent prognostic factor for patients with pancreatic cancer.

This article investigates an applicative system that is available in English and Japanese. Bantu languages contain applicative phrases that correlate arguments and events; these have been termed high applicative (APPLPHIGH) by Pylkkanen (2008). Contra general assumption, I claim that APPLPHIGH is also employed in English and Japanese. More specifically, I propose that thematic domains are recursive in these languages. If the syntactically highest phrase is VoiceP in a thematic domain, another thematic domain generates above VoiceP ([TP [VoiceP ...[VoiceP]]]). APPLPHIGH can project in the higher thematic domain, when an indirect passive is derived in Japanese and a have construction in English. What is unique regarding the proposal is that arguments are merged to [Spec, APPLPHIGH] by either External or Internal Merge. Considering the Duality of Semantics (Chomsky 2021), it is necessary to clarify that the interpretation that is assigned in [Spec, APPLPHIGH] is related to both External and Internal merge. I resolve this issue by discussing the interpretation, namely affectedness. Importantly, the current framework can naturally capture two idiosyncratic properties of have constructions. One is that this construction can be interpreted with either causative or experiencer reading. The other is that this construction cannot cooccur with unaccusative verbs.

In this study, we carried out an investigation of the etch characteristics of silicon (Si) film, and the selectivity of Si to $SiO_2$ in $SF_6/O_2$ plasma. The etch rate of the Si film was decreased on adding $O_2$ gas, and the selectivity of Si to $SiO_2$ was increased, on adding $O_2$ gas to the $SF_6$ plasma. The optical condition of the Si film with this work was 1,350 nm/min, at a gas mixing ratio of $SF_6/O_2$ (=130:30 sccm). At the same time, the etch rate was measured as functions of the various etching parameters. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed the efficient destruction of oxide bonds by ion bombardment, as well as the accumulation of high volatile reaction products on the etched surface. Field emission auger electron spectroscopy analysis was used to examine the efficiency of the ion-stimulated desorption of the reaction products.

The aim of the paper is twofold: firstly, to examine the properties of an applicative construction of English called the Personal Dative Construction (PDC) in comparison with another applicative construction, the standard Double Object Construction (DOC), and then to identify the semantics of the PDC by an application of lexical decomposition. Secondly, to argue that a variant of applicative theories like that advocated by Georgala et al. (2008) and Georgala (2012) is correct, whereas highly influential one such as Pylkkanen’s high/low applicative hypothesis cannot account for the properties of the PDC properly. This paper, thus, defends the view of Georgala in that applicative phrases cannot be generated below VP and uniformly appear above VP. It also shows that arguments can be shared between predicates and multiple thematic role assignment is possible.

This article explores the nature of locality principle. In particular, we compare two recent conceptions of locality, which are Chomsky's (2001a, 2001b) phase-based implementation of locality and Hiraiwa's (2003) version of cyclic derivational locality. We present a new piece of empirical arguments against Hiraiwa (2003) from locality circumvention effects observed in passivization of applicative structures. We show that the locality circumvention phenomenon induced by wh-movement of a higher internal argument when a lower internal argument undergoes passivizing A-movement past it in low applicative structures cannot be explained under Hiraiwa's cyclic locality computation, whereas it can be well accounted for under Chomsky's phase-based evaluation view, which is a partly representational version of locality principle.

본고는 蔡维天의 2017년도 「及物化、施用结构与轻动词分析」를 번역한 것이다. 蔡维天 교수는 최근 경동사 이론과 응용격 이론, 그리고 제도이론(Cartographic Approach)을 활용하여 중국어의 언어 현상을 분석한 일련의 연구 결과를 보여주고 있다. 이러한 연구 성과는 여러 언어와 중국어 간에 존재하는 언어의 보편성을 이해하고 중국어의 개별성을 해석하는 데 큰 영향을 미칠 뿐만 아니라, 언어유형론적 측면에서도 많은 장점을 찾을 수 있다. 蔡维天(2017)은 중국어에서 최근 유행하고 있는 일종의 타동화(transitivization) 경향을 동사가 내현적 경동사로 이동하면서 생겨난 것으로 보았는데, 이는 중국어의 매개변인인 강한 분석성(robust analyticity)에서 기인한 결과라고 주장했다. 또한 다른 언어의 응용격 접사(applicative affix)에 대응하는 중국어의 기능핵(functional head)의 기능을 밝히고, 이러한 견해를 이중 비대격 구문(double accusatives)과 대상자 주어문(theme-subject sentences)과 같은 구체적 사례에도 적용시켰다. 이처럼 언어유형론과 제도이론을 활용한 蔡维天(2017)의 주장은 현대중국어 통사분석에 있어 여러 난제를 해결하는 데 많은 시사점을 제공할 것으로 생각한다.

This paper studies a recent trend of transitivization observed in Mandarin Chinese. From the vantage point of comparative syntax, we argue that the apparent VO configuration actually derives from a variety of no-core argumental construals such as objective, comitative, benefactive, instrumental, locative, source, goal, and affective, where the main verb has raised to an implicit light verb across an oblique object. It is also suggested that, for a robust analytic language such as Chinese, there is no need to distinguish a light verb from an applicative head. A unified analysis based on verb-raising is thus in order. Along this line, the inner-outer dichotomy of light verbs can be carried over to other seemingly unrelated constructions such as the so-called double accusatives and theme-subject sentences under the cartographic approach.

In order to meet new needs coming from current ‘Information and Communication Society’, it is essential that a linguistic model for the NLP raises several challenges : especially, to reinforce the semantic component of the model, to extend the unit of analysis from the sentence to the text, to solve thorny problems of polysemia by taking account of linguistic context, etc. In this article, we present a French model, that of J.-P. Desclés, almost unknown in the Korean scientific circle but which seems to propose very productive solutions to the above problems. Main concepts and three levels of the model (morpho-syntactical, logico- grammatical and semantico-cognitive levels), are characterized and discussed to be applied in the near future to Korean language.

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This article supports the works about the tense and the aspect of E. Benveniste, A. Culioli and J.-P. Descles. In particular, it is in line with the development of the theorization about the tense and the aspect proceeded by J.-P. Descles. There are three basic notions constituent of a process (situation): state, event and process, and the aspectualization of a process (situation) have an effect on a topological interval of instants. In this paper, we focus on the categorization of the state. We classify into two classes of state : the permanent state and the contingency state. The latter can be also divided into three branches. It helps us to emphasize that the past tense can be represented by a resultative state, not only by an event. This classification of the state could be able to help the analyses of diverse enunciations in detail.

정신장애인의 삶의 공간을 시설에서 지역사회로 전환하려는 탈시설화는 사회복지영역에서 인권과 복지라는 근대 이념을 실질적으로 구현하려는 대표적 노력이다. 이러한 이념 구현 노력은 탈시설화가 작동하는 현장인 현대사회의 사회적 공간에 대한 구체적 분석이 더해짐으로써 그 가능성과 적실성을 더 할 것이다. 이에 본 연구는 탈시설화가 구현되는 사회적 공간에 대한 구체적 분석을 통해, 인권과 복지와 같은 이념적 차원이나 탈시설화 구현의 조건 및 환경에 관한 정책 차원에서 진행된 기존 논의를 사회적 맥락으로 확장하여 조명한다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 본 논문은 우선 탈시설화와 관련된 기존 논의들을 정리하고 본 논문의 주요 분석 관점인 후기근대 사회적 공간에 대한 이론들을 살펴본다. 그리고 이를 토대로 이러한 후기근대의 사회공간의 성격이 정신장애인의 탈시설화와 맞물릴 때 어떠한 현상들이 나타나는지를 탐색적으로 살펴본다. 마지막으로 후기 근대공간에서 정신장애인의 탈시설화의 구현 노력과 관련된 연구의 함의를 제시한다.

This study aims to explore the theoretical and practical potentials of the late modern social space theories concerning deinstitutionalization issues in the field of the Mental Health. Deinstitutionalization, the process of converting the living space mentally ill people from facilities to the community, is a meaningful event realizing the modern ideology of human rights and welfare in social work territory. Although the continuos and accumulative efforts to realize the ideas of deinstitutionalization, which have focused on the ideological validity and the conditions and administrative supports needed for materialization, however, discussing the issues without analyzing late modern societal space neglects the constraints of the generic and comprehensive 'space' in which the deinstitutionalization can actually occur. Thus, this study attempts the following by analyzing the concrete reality of social space: focusing on deinstitutionalization in a larger social context, different from previous studies that discussed it on a normative and fragmentary level; and more concretely analyzing the realistic limits and challenges facing deinstitutionalization. In order to do this, previous literature related to deinstitutionalization is laid out and theories of late modern social space are studied. Based on this, the kinds of phenomenon that occur when this sort of late modern social space meets with the deinstitutionalization of mentally ill people are analyzed. Finally, based on the results, the study suggests several implications to realize the rights and welfare of mentally in the late modern space concerning deinstitutionalization.

본고는 언해본 『삼강행실도』 중 ≪충신도≫에 실린 언해문 텍스트들에 대한 국어학적 검토를 통해 그로부터 귀납할 수 있는 중세국어 문법의 특징들과 그에 대한 교육적 측면에서의 활용 가치를 분석해 보는 것을 목적으로 한다.≪충신도≫ 속의 35개 텍스트들에 나타난 중세국어 문법의 특징을 9개의 범주로 나누어 살펴보되 각 범주의 특징들이 어떠한 양상으로 나타나는지를 논의하고, 이를 종합함으로써 각 범주에 해당하는 중세국어의 문법적 특징들이 어떤 텍스트들에서 잘 드러나고 있는지를 고찰하였다. 이러한 작업은 언해본 삼강행실도의 강독을 통해 중세국어에 보다 흥미롭게 접근하고, 중세국어 문법을 텍스트 속에서 체계적으로 익혀갈 수 있도록 하는 기초 자료를 마련한다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the applicative value of grammatical properties in Samganghaengsildo, especially focused on Chungsindo, translated in middle Korean under considering the educational effect. I have examined 35 texts of Chungsindo in Samganghaengsildo, dividing into 9 categories, well able to show the grammatical properties of middle Korean. Owing to this, we have come to know that what kind of grammatical information is in it and which text is available for each grammatical property.

The First Analysis of Applicative Value of GrammaticalProperties in Samganghaengsildo Translated in Middle Korean-Focus on Hyojado(孝子圖)-