Earticle

본 연구는 기계 경비업체의 오경보에 대한 효과적 대응을 주목적으로 영상관제 시스템 을 기계 경비 시스템에 접목시켜 그 효과를 극대화시킬 방안을 모색하기 위함이다. 과거 1980년대부터 시작된 기계 경비 산업은 현재 다양한 첨단 보안장비 등을 이용하여 범죄 예방 등에 공헌하고 있으며 특히, 국내 CCTV 보급 및 대중화에 큰 영향을 미친 것은 자 명하다 할 것이다. 그러나 40년 이상의 역사를 가진 경비업 분야임에도 불구, 과거부터 기계 경비 산업의 발전을 저해하는 고질적 문제 즉, 오작동·오경보로 인하여 기계 경비사의 관리비용 증가, 오신고로 인한 경찰력의 낭비 등 국가, 사회적 비용이 증대되고 있고 또한 영리 목적 등 의 이유로 위험을 회피하려 민간경비회사가 112신고를 남용한다는 비판과 함께 경비업무 의 취약점인 오경보는 현재까지 개선되지 않고 있다. 이에 경찰청은 지난 2013년 7월1일부터 경찰청장 명의의 감독명령을 발휘하고 선별신 고제도 등을 도입하여 기계 경비사의 오경보에 대한 경찰의 불필요 출동을 줄이고 기계 경비회사의 오작동 및 오경보에 대한 자구노력 등 대책을 마련하려고 하였으나 그 효과 는 미비하였다. 본 논문은 현재 기계 경비회사에 보급화 되어있는 CCTV 즉, 영상정보를 활용하여 오작동 및 오경보에 대한 기계 경비사와 경찰력의 불필요 출동을 감소시키기 위한 효율적 인 관리방안을 제언하고자 한다.

This study has been purposed to maximize effect by combining image control system into video monitoring system as an efficient action for malfunction of machine security enterprise. Machine security industry has contributed its ability on crime prevention by utilizing various high-tech security equipment since 1980s. Especially, supplies of CCTV effecting on the public has been tremendously obvious. Even though the security area has lasted more than 40 years of history, weaknesses of security management increasing national and social costs, such as increase of management cost for machine guardian and waste of police power due to wrong report have not yet been ameliorated with criticism about abuse of 112 report, since security guardians seek profit and convenience due to chronic problems and malfunctions, and avoid and endure risk, which damages development of machine security industry. Hereupon, the National Police Agency has tried to ameliorate actions about decreasing unnecessary moving for machine guardian false alarm by demonstrating supervisor order and introducing selecting report system, and solving problems and malfunctions of machine security enterprises. However, the works have been inadequate. This thesis has been purposed to suggest efficient management plan for decreasing unnecessary moving of police power and machine guardian about the problems and malfunctions by applying CCTV which has been supplied to machine security enterprises, in other words, video monitoring.

The vision of space exploration includes missions to deep space that produce significant amounts of video data and require reliable video streaming back to the Earth. The Internet of Deep Space Things (IoDST) is envisioned to provide communication services for video data streaming for the mission spacecrafts. Ensuring reliable communications in IoDST requires Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) layer functionalities. However, current TCP Congestion Control (CC) protocols provide poor performance in IoDST communications primarily owing to the dependence on pre-defined rules to determine the transmission rate in a single path TCP flow. This paper proposes a Multi-Path TCP (MPTCP) CC design for data streaming transmission in IoDST. We utilized Scalable Video Coding (SVC)-based streaming to overcome the Head-of-Line (HoL) blocking and proposed an intelligent CC scheme based on Q-learning and Deep Q-Network (DQN) to solve the problems of challenging link conditions in IoDST. Our proposed CC scheme determines the optimal congestion window for data transmission in IoDST communications to maximize the TCP throughput performance and streaming data playback. Simulation results show that our proposed CC scheme achieves TCP throughput performance by up to approximately 257.14% and 73.08% compared to TCP CUBIC and TCP Westwood. In addition, video streaming playback by up to approximately 164.86%, 104.17%, 75%, 157.89% and 66% compared to TCP CUBIC, TCP BBR, TCP Westwood, DRL-TCP and QLE-DS, respectively. Finally the total streaming data transfer time by up to approximately 61%, 20%, 63%, 21% and 19% compared to TCP CUBIC, TCP BBR, TCP Westwood, DRL-TCP and QLE-DS, respectively.

Objective To investigate the dose-related effect of trunk control training (TCT) using Trunk Stability Rehabilitation Robot Balance Trainer (TSRRBT) in chronic stroke patients with poor sitting balance. Methods This was a retrospective study of 38 chronic stroke patients with poor sitting balance that underwent TCT with TSRRBT. The participants were assigned either to the low-dose training (LDT) group (n=18) or to the high-dose training (HDT) group (n=20). In addition to the conventional rehabilitation therapy, the LDT group received 5 sessions of TSRRBT intervention per week, whereas the HDT group received 10 sessions of TSRRBT intervention per week. The outcome measures were the scores on the Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) and its subscales, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Functional Ambulation Classification (FAC), and the Korean version of Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI). All outcome measures were assessed before the training and at the end of the 4-week training. Results After the 4-week intervention, TIS, BBS, FAC, and K-MBI scores showed improvement in both LDT and HDT groups. Furthermore, the improvements in TIS scores and its subscales were significantly greater in the HDT group than in the LDT group (p<0.05). Conclusion TCT using TSRRBT could be an additional treatment for the conventional rehabilitation therapy of chronic stroke patients with poor sitting balance. HDT may provide more beneficial effects on improving patients’ sitting balance than LDT.

The current study aimed to investigate whether video-based e-learning (i.e., the Educational Broadcasting Service (EBS)) influences the achievement of Korean high school students (years 2-3) in English as a foreign language (EFL) through the mediation of their use of behavior control strategies. The study used data from the 2010 and 2011 Korean Education Longitudinal Study of 2,309 students. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze whether the behavior control strategies mediated consistent use of EBS with high school students and whether video-based e-learning led to an increase or a decrease in the students’ EFL achievement test scores. In general, consistent EBS use resulted in changes in the high school students’ EFL achievement test results with the mediation of the behavior control strategies. However, a decrease model showed slightly better model-data fit than an increase model because in the decrease model the time management and resource use strategies had a significant negative relationship to decreases in the EFL test scores between year 2 and year 3. As a significant function of time management, EBS use seemed to work in preventing decreases in EFL achievement.

유튜브와 넷플릭스와 같은 동영상 스트리밍 서비스 요구는 해마다 폭발적으로 증가하고 있으며 모바일 백홀의 용량은 그 한계에 도달하고 있다. 콘텐츠 전송 네트워크(CDN:Content Delivery Network)가 이를 해결하 기 위한 대안으로 제시되고 있으나 지역 캐시에서 미적중된 콘텐츠에 대한 중복된 동영상 전송은 여전히 미해결 과제로 남아 있다. 본 논문은 우선 브로드캐스트와 중앙집중적인 트래픽 관리가 가능한 이더넷수동광가입자망 (EPON:Ethernet Passive Optical Network)을 전송망으로 구성한 CDN 구조를 제시한다. 이를 기반으로 미적중 된 동영상 요청에 대한 중복 전송 제거 프로토콜은 제안하여 네트워크 효율을 개선한다. 제안된 프로토콜은 원본 서버(OS:Origin Server)에 도달한 요청 수, 미적중된 동영상 요청 수와 원천 서버의 최대 동영상 개수에 따른 대 역폭 절감 비율의 측면에서 중복제거가 없는 캐싱에 비해 상당한 효과가 있음을 시뮬레이션 결과를 통해 확인할 수 있다.

The demand for video streaming services such as YouTube and Netflix is exploding every year and reaching the limit of mobile backhaul capacity. A Content Delivery Network (CDN) is proposed to resolve this problem, but duplicate video requests for content that is missed in a local cache still cause backhaul bandwidth waste. This paper proposes a caching network architecture using Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON), which has features with broadcast and centralized traffic management. The control protocol operated in this architecture can improve network efficiency by doing works involved in eliminating repetition of the missed video requests. The performance of the proposed compared to the existing one without deduplication in terms of the number of requests reached to Origin Server(OS) and bandwidth saving ratio according to missed video requests and maximum number of videos in OS respectively.

영상 감시 시스템은 다양한 실외 환경에서 실시간으로 수집되는 다채널 영상을 처리해야 하며, 저시정 환 경에서는 영상 품질이 급격히 저하되는 문제가 발생한다. 이를 해결하기 위한 인공지능(AI) 기반 영상 복원 기술 은 고품질 영상 복원을 가능하게 하지만, 높은 연산 자원 요구로 인해 모든 채널에 일괄 적용하기에는 실시간성 확보가 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 복원 기능을 채널별로 선택적으로 적용할 수 있는 선택적 제어 구조(Selective Control Architecture)를 제안하고, 온 디바이스 환경에서 구현된 시스템의 자원 효율성과 실시간 처리 성능을 실 험적으로 분석하였다. 실험 결과, 복원 기능의 적용 채널 수에 따라 GPU 사용률과 영상 출력 속도가 크게 달라지 는 것을 확인하였으며, 선택적 제어 구조가 자원 최적화와 시스템 안정성 확보에 효과적임을 입증하였다. 본 연구 는 AI 영상 복원 기술의 실시간 시스템 통합에 있어 유연하고 실용적인 구조 설계 방안을 제시하며, 향후 모델 경량화 및 병렬 처리 구조 확장을 통한 시스템 고도화를 계획하고 있다.

Video surveillance systems must process multi-channel real-time streams in various outdoor environments, where image quality often deteriorates under low-visibility conditions such as fog or haze. While AI-based video restoration techniques have shown promise in recovering high-quality images, their high computational demands make it difficult to apply them uniformly across all channels in real-time systems. This paper proposes a Selective Control Architecture that enables channel-wise activation of AI restoration functions. The system was implemented in an on-device environment using a CPU with integrated GPU, and its performance was evaluated by measuring GPU usage and frame rate under varying numbers of active restoration channels. The experimental results demonstrate that GPU load and processing speed significantly change depending on the number of channels using AI restoration, and that the proposed architecture effectively optimizes resource usage while maintaining system stability. This study provides a practical system-level solution for integrating AI-based restoration into surveillance platforms, and future work will focus on model compression and parallel processing to enhance real-time performance and scalability.

본 연구는 대학생을 대상으로 삶의 의미가 숏폼 콘텐츠 과의존에 미치는 영향을 탐구하며, 자기통제의매개효과와 자극추구 성향의 조절효과에 초점을 맞추었다. 이를 위해 삶의 의미와 숏폼 과의존 간의 관계에서 자기통제가 매개 역할을 하는지 분석하였고, 자기통제와 숏폼 과의존 간 관계에서 자극추구 성향이 조절 역할을 하는지 확인하였으며, 삶의 의미, 자기통제, 숏폼 과의존 간 관계에서 자극추구 성향의조절된 매개효과를 검증하였다. 국내 대학생 271명을 대상으로 설문 조사를 시행하고, SPSS 28와PROCESS Macro 4.2을 활용하여 데이터를 분석한 결과, 자기통제는 삶의 의미와 숏폼 과의존 간의 관계를매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 자극추구 성향은 자기통제와 숏폼 과의존 간의 관계에서 조절효과를나타냈으며, 삶의 의미와 숏폼 과의존과의 관계에서 조절된 매개효과를 가지는 것으로 확인되었다. 즉, 삶의 의미를 명확히 인식하는 개인은 높은 자기통제력을 보이는 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 자기통제는숏폼 콘텐츠의 즉각적인 보상 체계에 대한 저항력을 높이는 심리적 자원으로 작용할 수 있음을 시사한다. 또한, 자극추구 성향이 높을수록 자기통제와 숏폼 과의존의 부적 관계가 약화되었다. 자극추구 성향은 삶의 의미가 자기통제를 매개로 숏폼 과의존에 영향을 미치는 경로에서 조절 변수로 기능함으로써, 해당 간접효과를 약화시키는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 대학생들이 디지털 콘텐츠 과의존 문제를 예방하기 위해 삶의 의미를 강화하고, 자기통제를 증진시키는 교육 및 심리적 개입 프로그램이 효과적일 수있음을 제시하였으며, 숏폼 과의존과 관련된 심리적 개입의 실천적 방향성을 제공한다는 점에서 의의가있다.

This study examines the influence of meaning in life on short-form video addiction among university students, focusing on the mediating role of self-control and the moderating role of sensation seeking. Specifically, it investigates whether self-control mediates the relationship between meaning in life and overdependence on short-form video content, and whether sensation seeking moderates the relationship between self-control and short-form video overdependence. Additionally, the study explores the moderated mediation effect of sensation seeking within the pathways linking meaning in life, self-control, and short-form video overdependence. A survey was conducted with 271 university students in South Korea, and the data were analyzed using SPSS 28 and Process Macro 4.2. Results indicated that self-control significantly mediated the relationship between meaning in life and overdependence on short-form content. Furthermore, sensation seeking significantly moderated both the direct relationship between self-control and short-form overdependence, as well as the indirect pathway through self-control. Individuals with a strong sense of life meaning demonstrated higher levels of self-control, suggesting that meaning in life may function as a psychological resource that enhances resistance to the immediate reward mechanisms of short-form video content. However, a higher tendency toward sensation seeking weakened the negative association between self-control and short-form content overdependence. Sensation seeking attenuated the indirect effect of meaning in life on short-form overdependence via self-control, functioning as a moderator in the overall mediation model. Taken together, these findings suggest that strengthening meaning in life and enhancing self-control through educational and psychological interventions may be effective in preventing digital content overdependence among university students, thereby offering practical guidance for psychological interventions targeting short-form video overuse.

The recent development of information and communication technology is also affecting audio/video systems used in industry. The audio/video device configuration system changes from analog to digital, and the network-based audio/video system control has the advantage of reducing costs in accordance with system operation. However, audio/video systems released on the market have limitations in that they can only control their own products or can only be performed on specific platforms (Windows, Mac, Linux). This paper is a study on a device (Network Audio Video Integrated Control: NAVICS) that can integrate and control multiple audio / video devices with different functions, and can control digitalized audio / video devices through network and serial communication. As a result of the study, it was confirmed that individual control and integrated control were possible through the protocol provided by each audio/video device by NAVICS, and that even non-experts could easily control the audio/video system. In the future, it is expected that network-based audio/video integrated control technology will become the technical standard for complex audio/video system control.

Hard disk-based personal video recorders have the capacity to store large quantities of video contents. A personal video recorder serving one household may have to cater for the diverse entertainment tastes imposed by different family members. Timer event programmed video recordings have a tendency to accumulate and it is difficult to access large video collections on current generation personal video recorders. This is because the recordings often are presented linearly in a chronologically ordered list that is accessed using the navigation keys on a remote control. In this study an alternative strategy for accessing large video collections via the navigation keys of a remote control is investigated. The strategy automatically clusters the video recording using cuts that are perceptually meaningful to the viewers and that minimize the retrieval effort. However, the results suggest that navigation keys do not meet the needs of large video collection browsing.

Since solar energy can be harvested periodically, using solar power in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) requires a different approach to energy consumption from typical battery-based WSNs. Meanwhile, it is also challenging to supply enough energy required for heavy operations such as video data encoding and transferring in battery-based WSNs. Therefore, we address the problem of determining the quality of encoding sensory data on the solar-powered sensor node. Based on a simple energy model of the solar-powered node, proposed scheme controls the quality of encoding data adaptively in the way of using the harvested energy maximally. Experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of our scheme.

The growing demand for advanced mobile multimedia let the wireless mobile internet access be developed rapidly. The current mobile network is capable of providing flexible quality of service mechanisms including exact estimation of network bandwidth. In this paper, we propose a new GOP level rate control algorithm which can accurately estimate an initial QP according to the estimated network bandwidth. In H.264/AVC, the first frame of a GOP is encoded in intra mode which generates a large number of bits. The amount of bits for I-frame affects the qualities of the following frames of a GOP since they are encoded using the remaining bits of the bits allocated to the GOP. In addition, the first frame is used for the inter mode encoding of the following frames. Thus, the initial QP affects the following frames as well as the first frame. In the proposed algorithm, we observe the relation between the initial QP and the number of bits of I-frame in a GOP. Based on the observation, we propose a new method to estimate the optimal initial QP which maximizes the PSNR of a GOP. It is shown by experimental results that the proposed algorithm predicts the optimal initial QP accurately and thus achieves better PSNR performance than that of the existing algorithm.

This paper applies WiMedia UWB network into a wireless ship area network (WSAN) so as to support high-quality multimedia services on board and reliable instrument control information as well, since the need for mixed high-quality video traffic and shipboard control data traffic is essential for a high-cost valued digital ship. Thus, in this paper, prioritized contention access (PCA) and distributed reservation protocol (DRP) based on WiMedia UWB (ECMA-368) MAC protocols are combined and proposed to such mixed traffic environment, by varying the portions of superframe according to traffic type. It is shown that the proposed WiMedia UWB MAC protocol can provide reliable mixed video and shipboard control data traffic as well.

This paper considers WiMedia UWB network based wireless ship area network (WSAN) so as to support high-quality multimedia video data services and important shipboard control data. In this paper, prioritized contention access (PCA) and distributed reservation protocol (DRP) based on WiMedia UWB (ECMA- 368) MAC protocols are combined and proposed to support mixed high-quality video traffic and shipboard control data traffic applying varying DRP and PCA data periods according to channel condition and link parameter ptimization. It is shown that the proposed dynmaic channel allocation of WiMedia UWB MAC protocol can provide reliable mixed video and shipboard control data traffic as well.

PCRF is defined as an entity used for policy and QoS control for a converged network by 3GPP. Though there are elaborate procedures defined for policy and QoS control for session establishment, modification and deletion, however, there are no procedure defined which can help in improving the Quality of Experience (QoE) for an established session. The current paper focuses on tracking actual QoS which is being experienced by the user (termed as QoE in this paper) and defines procedures for Policy control entities in a 3GPP defined setup for RTP based Video and non-Voice Media session.

연구목적 본 연구는 숏폼 중독이 시청 중단 의도에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구로, 시간 왜곡, 후회, 지각된 행동 통제감이 어떠한 매개효과를 가지는지를 분석하고자 하였다. 연구방법 서울, 경기, 인천 지역에 거주하는 20대 남녀 318명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 구조방정식 모형 분석을 수행하였다. 연구결과 분석 결과, 숏폼 중독은 시간 왜곡, 후회, 지각된 행동 통제감에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤으며, 이 중 시간 왜곡과 지각된 행동 통제감은 시청 중단 의도에 매개효과를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 후회는 시청 중단의도에 직접적인 영향을 미치지 않았다. 또한 숏폼 중독은 시청 중단 의도에 직접적으로 강한 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 결론 및 함의 본 연구는 숏폼 중독이 사용자의 시청 중단 의지에도 불구하고 실질적인 통제를 어렵게 만든다는 점에서 숏폼 중독의 사회적 문제성을 제기한다. 이에 따라 공공 커뮤니케이션 차원에서의 대응이 필요하며, 다양한 캠페인과 지역 기반 프로그램 등을 통해 실질적인 개입 방안을 제시한다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of short-form media addiction on intention to discontinue viewing, focusing on mediating effects of time distortion, regret, and perceived behavioral control. Methods A survey was conducted with 318 men and women in their twenties residing in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Incheon. Collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results The analysis revealed that short-form media addiction significantly influenced time distortion, regret, and perceived behavioral control. Among these variables, time distortion and perceived behavioral control played significant mediating roles in the relationship between addiction and the intention to discontinue viewing. In contrast, regret did not have a direct effect on the intention to discontinue viewing. Additionally, short-form media addiction was found to exert a strong direct effect on the intention to discontinue viewing. Conclusions Findings of this study suggest that despite users’ intentions to stop watching, the addictive nature of short-form content poses a significant challenge to behavioral control. This highlights short-form media addiction as a pressing social issue. Accordingly, this study calls for public communication strategies to address this problem, suggesting that community-based programs and targeted campaigns might offer practical interventions.