Earticle

본 연구는 우간다의 루웨로 지역 여성 청소년을 대상으로 성생식보건 교육의 수요, 접근장벽, 제약을 파악 하기 위해 수행되었다. 루웨로 지역의 14-26세 젊은 여성 55명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하고 교사, 의료인력 등 40명의 이해관계자를 대상으로 면담을 진행하였다. 연구 결과, 응답자 대부분은 성생식보건 정보를 학교를 통 해 얻는 것으로 답하였으며(87%) 의료기관에서 성생식보건 서비스를 받기를 선호하였다(58%). 응답자들의 절반 이상은 자원 부족이나 문화적 장벽으로 성생식보건 정보를 얻는데 어려움을 경험하였고 학교와 의료기관이 보건 정보를 제공하는 가장 중요한 장소라는 점을 강조하였다. 따라서 여성 청소년의 성생식보건 교육 접근성을 높이기 위해 학교와 의료기관의 협력이 요구된다.

The study aims to identify unmet needs, barriers, and constraints in reproductive health education for adolescent girls in Luwero, Uganda. The study included a survey of 55 young women (aged 14-26) in the region and interviews with 40 stakeholders, including teachers and healthcare workers. Results showed that the majority of respondents (87%) rely on schools for reproductive health information, preferring health institutions (58%) for reproductive health services. Over half of respondents encountered obstacles accessing relevant information due to limited resources and cultural barriers and emphasized the significance of schools and health institutions as essential health information sources. Schools and health institutions need to collaborate to enhance reproductive health education for young women's accessibility.

The artificial insemination (AI) is one of the best assisted reproductive technologies for increasing reproductive capacity and facilitating the genetic improvement in farm animals. AI has been used in Uganda for over 60 years, but a small population of the total herd has been used. This study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of AI with estrus synchronization technique and to propose ways of improving the productivity of dairy farms through AI services in Uganda. In total, 78 cows from 11 dairy farms were selected for timed-AI. Synchronization was performed according to the ovsynch programs followed by AI using frozen semen from Korean Holstein (0.5 mL straws). Pregnancy rate was varying among farms (0～50%) and the overall pregnancy rate was 28.2%. Cows in luteal phase at the time of treatment were 40.0% whereas that in follicular phase was 20.8%. After treatment, cows that showed normal estrus signal were 45.5% (25/55). Abnormal estrus was categorized into pre-estrus (9.1%), cystic ovaries (21.8%), anestrus (18.2%) and delayed ovulation (5.5%), respectively. These results imply that an assured protocol for timed-AI should be developed to improve the productivity of dairy farms through AI services in Uganda.

A artificial insemination (AI) has been used in Uganda for over 60 years, but a small population of the total herd has been bred using this method and pregnancy rates among dairy farms is still low. This study was conducted to optimize the Ovsynch method for improving the productivity of dairy farms through AI services in Uganda. In total, 160 cows from 18 dairy farms were selected for timed-AI. Synchronization was performed according to Ovsynch protocol with low GnRH (0.15 mg) followed by AI using frozen semen from Korean Holstein (0.5 mL straws). The pregnancy rate in low GnRH group was compared with the previously reported results using normal GnRH (0.25 mg). The overall pregnancy rate in normal group was 28.2% (22 of 78), whereas that in low GnRH was 49.4% (79 of 160) (p<0.01). The previous report implied that low pregnancy rate in normal GnRH was caused by a high occurrence of abnormal estrus (54.5%, 30 of 55). Thus reducing the GnRH during Ovsynch could reduce a occurrence of abnormal estrus. Taken together, these results suggested that use of low GnRH during AI services could improve the productivity of dairy farms in Uganda.

본 연구는 우간다 루웨로 지역의 젊은 여성들 사이에 성생식보건 지식, 태도, 자기효능감의 관계를 조사했 다. 2016년 5월부터 7월까지 루웨로 지역의 여성 82명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시했으며, 다중 선형 회귀 분석 을 통해 자기효능감에 대한 지식과 태도의 예측력을 평가했다. 연구 결과 참가자 중 48.8%가 16-17세였으며, 지식, 태도, 자기효능감 사이에 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 또한, 지식과 태도는 자기효능감의 59.6%를 설명했으 며, 모두 자기효능감을 예측하는 데 유의한 역할을 했다. 연구 결과는 건강한 활동에 참여하는 자기효능감과 여성 의 역할과 가치에 대한 긍정적 태도, 청소년기 건강 유지에 대한 지식 간의 관련성을 강조한다. 이를 토대로 향후 교육 프로그램은 이러한 요소를 강화하여 우간다의 청소년 임신 및 성생식보건 문제에 대응해야 할 것이다.

This study explored the link between reproductive health knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy in young women from Uganda's Luwero district. A survey was conducted on 82 women in the Luwero region from May to July 2016, and the predictive power of knowledge and attitudes toward self-efficacy was evaluated through multiple linear regression analysis. Results showed positive correlations among these factors, with knowledge and attitude predicting self-efficacy. Specifically, understanding healthy puberty habits and valuing women's roles positively influenced self-efficacy for healthy behaviors. These findings emphasize the need to target these aspects in reproductive health education programs, crucial for addressing adolescent pregnancy and related issues in Uganda's rural areas.

이 논문은 우간다의 농업 근대화를 이루기 위한 제도적 체계의 부족한 실상을 보여준다. 컨스텔레이션 모델을 바탕으로(Constellation Model), 이 논문은 농업 분야의 다양한 이해관계자들의 활동과 정부 차원의 제도적 협력과 정책을 통해서 농업 개발을 촉진할 수 있는 효과적인 방법을 제안한다. 이러한 이론적 관점으로부터 이 논문은 핵심적인 연구 문제를 제안한다. 왜 아빔 지역(Abim District)은 농업 개발에 있어 중요한 주목을 받게 되었는가? 아빔 지역의 농업 개발에 있어 제도적 마련과 협력의 영향은 무엇인가? 어떤 유형의 제도적 협력과 협력 체계가 북쪽 지역의 우간다와 아빔 지역에 문제를 효과적으로 나타낼 수 있는가? 이런 우려는 우간다의 농업 성과를 향상시키는 데 중요한 장애물이 될 수 있는데, 이는 역기능적인 제도적 마련과 규범은 농업 발전에 제약이 되기 때문이다. 연구 결과, 제도적인 차이, 관료주의, 제도적 확산과 중복된 역할은 농업 근대화에 걸림돌이 되어 왔다. 그러므로 개발 전략은 이 지역의 모든 관계자들에게 활력을 주고, 아빔 지역의 주요 관계자들과 현명하고 지속적인 협력을 통해 연결조직을 발전 및 심화시킬 것을 제안한다.

The paper shows that Uganda lacks an adequate institutional framework to achieve agriculture modernization. Based on constellation model, the paper proposes an effective way to promote agricultural development through policy and institutional partnerships at various levels of governance and action by various stakeholders in the sector. From this theoretical perspective, the paper raises salient research questions: Why is Abim District an important focus for Agricultural development? What is the effect of institutional arrangements and partnerships in agriculture development in Abim District? What forms of institutional partnerships and collaboration framework can effectively address the challenge in the District and Northern Uganda as a whole? These concerns are important obstacles to improved agricultural performance in Uganda as dysfunctional institutional arrangements and norms are major constraints to agricultural development. The findings demonstrate that institutional gaps, bureaucracy, institutional proliferation and overlapping roles have derailed agriculture modernization. Hence, the development strategy proposes creating and rejuvenating all essential players operating in the region, developing or deepening their inter‐linkages through judicious and sustainable partnerships with all the principal players in Abim District.

The authors analysed the effects of group Sandplay therapy on adolescents' psychological health and resilience in a mixed-method research. They explored and categorized the themes these adolescents expressed during therapy. Fifteen children (n=15) were recruited for the study; (Boarding school children = 5; Day school children = 5; Street children = 5). The selection process was conducted in cooperation with an orphanage in Kabale, Uganda. The children who participated in the study underwent a forty-five-minute sand play therapy every week for nine weeks. The SDQ and RCADS were administered to the groups both pre- and post-intervention, with the data entered and analysed using SPSS. Group sandplay was found to significantly decrease the adolescents' internalizing problems such as anxiety and depression, while their resilience had also significantly improved. The narrative analysis, in turn, yielded seven themes: basic needs; community-love-celebration; giving help-leadership-empowerment; security-danger, recreation-self-development-self-nurturance, education, and seeking help-faith.

The advancement of technology has revolutionized the way businesses and services are being conducted for the benefit of citizens at large. Technology usage to enable or facilitate the delivery of services has the potential to benefit citizens and service providers. Technology can be used by the organization to permit faster response to citizen’s inquiries and problems, to reduce labor costs, to improve internal efficiency and productivity, and to gain distinctive and differentiating competitive advantages. This paper presents challenges encountered by the Atomic Energy Council in processing, validating and issuing various licenses to radiation facilities. It introduces an electronic licensing system as a platform to tackle the challenge of manual production of Licenses. Atomic Energy Council is an agency under the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development. One of its core function is processing and issuance of various types of licenses and permits to facilities who operate radiation facilities in the whole country. Currently, it processes the licenses manually and this has been a subject of criticism by license applicants due to the delay in processing and the inefficient feedback mechanism. The electronic licensing system is expected to support the application, processing, validation, and issuance of licensing services by providing electronic channels for actors, applicants, agency staff and third parties to interact with one another.

Banks in Uganda are utilizing the increasing popularity of the internet in an effort to keep up with the changing technological preferences of their customers through innovations like internet banking. But in order to offer better internet banking services, it is necessary to investigate what existing and potential customers expect for service quality as it has been regarded as one of the few means for service differentiation and competitive advantage which maintains and attracts new customers. This study focuses on service quality and examines its impact on customer retention in the internet banking context. Statistical analysis using structural equation modeling indicates that perceived service quality of internet banking significantly influences individual beliefs that internet banking is easy to use. This leads one to believe that it is also useful if used, consequently influencing significant individual feelings about internet banking and their behavioral intention to use it. The relative importance of customers’ behavioral intention was also statistically significant but with a low variance of 1% in predicting customer retention which can be justified by the still relatively expensive retail pricing of broadband services.

목적: 사하라 이남 아프리카 지역 중저소득국가 모성보건지표의 더딘 개선율은 MDG 5(모자보건향상) 미달성의 주요 원인 중 하나로 꼽힌다. 따라서 본 연구는 우간다 동부 카프초르와 구의 모성사망과 밀접 한 산후건강관리(PNC, Postnatal care)서비스 이용결정요인을 파악하는데 있다. 이를 통해 지역건강관 리자들에게 PNC 서비스 이용 개선을 위한 정책 수립 및 방안 마련에 기초자료를 제공하고, 궁극적으로는 MDG 5 지표 개선에 일조하고자 한다. 방법: 표본 집단은 카프초르와 구의 15세∼49세 여성들 중 최근 1년 내에 출산을 경험한 자들을 대상 으로 편의추출 되었다. 조사기간은 2014년 7월부터 10월까지였으며, 구조화된 설문에 총 171명이 응답 하였고, 19명의 주요 정보제공자와의 심층면담도 실시하였다. 응답자의 사회인구학적 특성 및 PNC 이용 행태를 알아보기 위해 빈도분석을 실시하였으며, 각 독립변수가 PNC 이용에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 파악 하기 위해 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결과: 응답자의 55%만이 의료시설의 PNC 서비스를 받은 것으로 나타났다. 로지스틱 회귀분석을 통 해서는 응답자의 연령과 사회적 네트워크, 인지된 건강상태, 산전관리서비스 이용이 PNC 서비스 이용에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며 의료시설과의 거리, 가족의 규모는 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: PNC 서비스 이용개선을 위해서는 먼저 여성의 사회적 자본 확충 및 개선을 위한 모성보건교육인 소프 트 인프라 지원이 지자체 차원에서 실시되어야 할 것이며, 서비스 이용을 가능케 하고 접근성을 높이는 응급후송체계 구축과 같은 물리적 인프라 지원도 도입되어야할 것이다. 또한 가족계획 서비스를 제공하는 등 모성보건관리에 대한 지자체의 민감성을 높이는 것도 필요하겠다.

Poverty has forced over a million children in Uganda to live on the streets. These children often come from families where they suffered violence and sexual abuse. Besides starvation and unhygienic conditions, street children face physical and sexual abuse. The perpetrators range from adults such as the police to other street children. For our study, we recruited sixteen former street children, eight boys and eight girls. They were living in a child welfare facility at the time of research. We used the mixed research method for our research design. For quantitative research, we used two measures: CRIES-13 (Children’s Revised Impact of Event Scale-13), CYRM-28 (Child & Youth Resilience Measure). We used a qualitative case research method to analyze the themes in the sandplay process. The quantitative results indicated that the group sandplay therapy improved PTSD Symptoms and resilience. The qualitative results revealed several common themes such garbage, salvation and big project.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a manual for Training of Trainees as midwives, to improve mother and child health in Uganda. Method: We conducted a wide literature review and met with various experts in Korea and Uganda. Results: A total of 11 topics were identified: 6 on maternal health family planning, pre-conception care, antenatal care, labor and delivery care, postnatal care, and nutrition) and 5 on child health (breastfeeding, immunization, elimination of mother-to-child transmission, HIV/AIDS, and childhood illness). Conclusion: This manual must be implemented nationwide to improve the quality of life in Uganda.

Online or e-banking has been adopted as key banking innovation in Uganda adopted by all financial institutions in the country. This research explored the state of e-banking and its efficacy in Uganda banking industry. A correlation analysis approach was adopted for this research. In Uganda, the banking sector has been liberalized with telecommunications allowed to effect e-banking and ecommerce transactions. The study concentrated on the periods of years 2011/2012 and 2012/2013. Findings from this research revealed that BOU uses UNISS for real time gross settlement (RTGS). Since its adoption a +1 coefficient correlation was realized. With the use of mobile money, also a +1 coefficient correlation was achieved for the period under consideration. As regards the use of e-cheques, there was a drop reflected by -2.8 percent which could have been attributed to perception of the users, though there was a +1 coefficient correlation when considering e-cheque transactions and the monetary value. The use of EFT in Uganda generated a +1 coefficient correction considering the number of users and the monetary value involved. Bank of Uganda should work hard and make or go live with electronic banking supervision software which would aid them with their supervisory roles.

Purpose: This study aims to understand Ugandan women's limited empowerment better to increase ODA interventions' effectiveness in Uganda. Originality: For this purpose, this study used a qualitative method, which the researchers believe to be vital in gaining an in-depth understanding of Ugandan women's limited empowerment, focusing on the emotions and experiences in the daily lives rather than using quantitative national statistics or surveys as earlier studies have. Methodology: A generic qualitative research method was used to conduct 1:1 in-depth interviews using semi-structured interview questions composed of pilot-focused group interviews. The interviewees were selected through purposive sampling, and the data analysis used the 10-step data analysis procedure of the generic qualitative research method. Result: Analysis of the interview transcript shows the following two facts: 1) the limited empowerment of Ugandan women manifested itself in four different forms; 2) certain aspects of the limited empowerment are universally shared by all women, but some aspects manifest differently based on the areas of residence. Conclusions and Implication: The researchers make three recommendations: ‘increased social service accessibility and changes to land ownership laws to include women,’ ‘designating men as the target group for women's empowerment intervention,’ and ‘establishment of research focused on the perspective of ODA fieldwork and related participants.’

Uganda is seeking a transformation into a modern and prosperous society through a 30-year long-term national development plan called ‘Uganda Vision 2040’. In order to achieve the goals presented in this long-term plan, it is necessary to increase productivity in major industries and to enhance the science and technology capabilities to support them. The purpose of this study is to present the key areas and strategies for science and technology ODA for Uganda. This study proposes five key areas for the implementation of the Uganda S&T ODA strategy in consideration of the connection with the five objectives and core projects of NDP III (2020/21~2024/25), the third in a series of six NDPs for Uganda Vision 2040. The first is support for the establishment and operation of a comprehensive research institute that will lead R&D activities to secure future core industrial technologies such as the petrochemical and energy industry. The second is activation support of the technology commercialization system to add business value to the technology developed locally and connect it to technology transfer or start-up. The third is support for the establishment and operation of specialized industry-academia cooperation organizations to develop and spread production technology and process technology. The fourth is support for new drug production and development technology, such as supporting pharmaceutical production in Uganda in the form of CSR. Fifth is the expansion of the intellectual property creation support project and support for the improvement of the intellectual property system.

This paper examines how International Development Cooperation (IDC) shapes development-oriented refugee and migration governance in Uganda by tracing the translation of global norms-the Global Compact on Refugees (GCR), the Global Compact for Migration (GCM), the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the Humanitarian-Development-Peace (HDP) Nexus-into national and subnational policy systems. Drawing on a thematic analysis of policy and institutional documents, the study distinguishes between refugees and broader migration categories and situates Uganda’s refugee population-which is predominantly from South Sudan and the Democratic Republic of Congo and characterized by high dependency ratios and child-headed households-as a core analytical variable. Using a multi-level framework, the analysis follows a clear sequence from data to codes, themes, and findings across global inputs, IDC contributions, national frameworks, and local implementation. The findings show that Uganda has achieved significant policy coherence by integrating displacement into the Refugee Act (2006), National Development Plan III (2021-2025), the ReHoPE Strategy, and the National Implementation Plan for the GCM (2024-2028). IDC has been central to this progress, particularly through the IDA18 Sub-Window, EU and BMZ support for NIP implementation, and UNDP and IOM initiatives that strengthen district-level governance. However, the analysis also identifies persistent constraints, including donor dependency, uneven implementation across districts, limited local institutional capacity, climate-related stress, and socioeconomic disparities that undermine refugee self-reliance. A key finding is the relative weakness of the “peace” dimension of the HDP Nexus, which is often substituted with narrower social-cohesion programming. The paper concludes that IDC is most transformative when it supports national ownership, fiscal decentralization, and community participation. Uganda’s experience thus provides nuanced lessons for other refugee-hosting countries, demonstrating both the potential and limitations of embedding global compacts within national development systems.

In this study, we analyzed the status and challenges of special needs education in Uganda, we focused on the system, challenges and identifying the appropriate practices in order to achieve the Salamanca goal of “Education for All” regardless of their disabilities, “equality for persons with disability” as its stated in (The 1995 Ugandan constitution) and other enacted disability-related laws and policies. Effort in special education to achieve these goals lacks a strong government hand in implementation, funding, training of human resource and the right to education to learners with disabilities is not guaranteed appropriately. Due to the poor classification system of disability and inappropriate diagnostic procedures, complexity has been risen to find out the educational needs of providing necessary educational services. The few special needs schools, units integrated in regular/main stream schools and All-inclusive schools cannot meet the demand for special education services due to high numbers of disabled children in the country. To tackle these constraints, an extra effort with collaboration with various partners through fast tract measures is recommended to ensure quality education for all children. A model for accessible and capacity development through proper policy review and curriculum reforms, teacher training, and among others are paramount.

1980년대 중반부터 시작된 우간다의 빠른 경제성장은 Sub-Saharan Africa 국가중 가장 모범적인 사례로 제시되어 왔으나, 1997년을 기점으로 하여 이전의 고도성장 패턴에서 벗어나 저성장 기조를 보이고 있다. 본 논문은 최근의 우간다 제조업 부진의 원인을 분석하기 위한 것으로서, 그 원인을 수출을 중심으로 한 수요부진의 측면에서 연구한 논문이다. 기존의 거시적인 분석에서 분석할 수 없었던 요인들을 World Bank 주도로 두 차례에 걸쳐 구축된 1997년과 2002년의 미시적인 기업 서베이 데이터를 이용하여 수출에 영향을 미치는 잠재적인 요인으로서의 기업규모, 투자, 수입, FDI, 생산성 등을 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 동 기간동안 전체적인 기업규모는 변화하지 않았으나 기업규모의 분포는 현저히 큰 변화를 하였다. 기업의 수출은 기업수의 변화 및 기업규모에 직접적으로 변화할 수 있다. 둘째, 유의적인 수준의 변화는 아니였으나 총요소생산성은 1997년에 비해 2002년이 감소하였다. 그리고 총요소생산성을 결정하는 요인으로서 양 기간에 걸쳐 수입이 유의적인 영향을 미친 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 수출함수의 추정을 통해서 기업규모와 외국인지분이 중요한 결정요인이 된다는 결론을 얻었다. 본 논문은 기업의 민영화와 더불어 우간다 경제정책의 주요한 축이 되어온 수출증대정책의 지속적인 추진에도 불구하고, 최근에 나타난 수출의 둔화추세의 원인중의 하나를 기업규모의 축소에서 찾고 있다. 그리고 향후 지속적인 수출증대를 위하여 적극적인 외국의 자본참여를 유도할 필요하다는 점을 제시하고 있다.

In this paper, as an attempt to analyze the recent sluggish performances in manufacturing sectors in Uganda, we have focused on demand as the sources of stagnancy, especially export. Potential factors determining export (firm size, investment, import, FDI, and productivity) have been examined and the following results have been obtained based on a comparative analysis between the two time period surveys of 1997 and 2002. Firstly, it is interesting to note the drastic change in the structure of firm size distribution although the firm size did not change much. Export can be changed depending on the relative size of the decrease in the number and the increase in the size of firms. Secondly, although it seems to be marginal, the productivity decreased between 1997 and 2002. As the determining factors of TFP, import had greatly affected productivities in both years. Thirdly, we have estimated export function using the above possible factors. Firm's size and foreign shares are significant factors in export.