Earticle

제4차 산업혁명시대를 맞이하면서 정보통신기술 융복합과 지능정보기술은 스마트 사회 전반에 걸쳐 많은 영향을 끼칠 것으로 전망하고 있다. 하지만 우리나라에서는 학습, 교육 및 훈련을 위한 지능정보기술 표준화 기반이 빈약하여 스마 트 사회에 발맞춰 창의적 미래인재 양성에 걸림돌이 되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 교육에서의 신기술 표준 도입이 절대 적으로 필요하다고 판단하여, 전문가들의 의견을 토대로 과거, 현재 및 미래에 활용될 교육정보 표준기술의 방향을 제시하고 자 하였다. 이를 위하여 해당 표준 기술에 대한 타당성과 객관성을 확보하고, 미래 기술을 예측하기 위하여 산·학·연·관 교육 및 정보통신기술 표준 전문가들에게 3차례의 델파이 및 6차례의 패널 토의를 하였다. 그 결과 지능정보사회를 대비한 교육 기술 표준 요소 도출을 하였으며 중·장기 표준화 프레임워크를 제안하였다. 이는 디지털 지능정보 사회에서 이러닝의 미래 표준화 기술 정책에 기여할 것으로 보인다.

The ICT convergence and intelligence information technology has many influences on the whole smart society in the 4th industrial revolution era. However, preparations degree of our country is not high as for the intelligence information technology. It is not easy to adopt a new technology on education for cultivating the creative future human resources to match a pace with intelligent smart society. In addition, it is hard work to find and derive the appropriate technology for education because proper and effective proof includes much difficulties. Therefore, this study develop the e-learning standard technology framework through the derivation of educational standard technology element and the suggestion of medium and long term standardization framework for the intelligence information society.

The recent crisis of environmental pollution and resource depletion has become a major global issue, resulting in an increasing interest in remanufacturing in many countries. However, manufacturing for environmental protection is considered an additional cost factor by most companies. Therefore, governments worldwide have actively implemented remanufacturing policies to encourage the participation of numerous companies in the remanufacturing industry. As an eco-friendly technology, remanufacturing has impacted the environmental improvement and resource savings by reducing raw materials and production processes. In particular, the effect of machine tool and automobile part remanufacturing is very remarkable, since most parts are reusable. In this study, the standardization technology for remanufacturing process of machine tools is developed by remanufacturing of used vertical machining center. Based on the work operation sheet for establishing the process, the remanufacturing process chart and program were developed. The performance evaluation of machining centers before and after remanufacturing was also executed, to check the performance improvement of the remanufactured product. The performance evaluation criteria were established to improve reliability.

최근 전산업에 걸쳐 기술표준화에 대한 관심이 증가되고 있으며, 원천기술을 국제표준에 반영한 표준특허 즉, 표준에 특허가 포함되어 이 표준을 사용할 경우 반드시 포함된 특허의 권리를 침해하게 되는 특허의 확보여부가 기업의 생존에 큰 영향을 미치고 있다. 건설기술은 국민생활에 필수적이며 다분야 산업기술의 적용으로 사회기반시설을 완성하며 국가경제에 파급효과가 큰 기반기술이지만, 타산업에 비해 기술표준에 대한 투자와 관심이 저조한 편이다. 이에 본 연구는 국내 건설R&D를 통한 기술 표준화 가치를 제고하기 위해 관련 문헌고찰 및 R&D 수행현황 조사 및 분석을 수행하였다. 또한, 관련 전문가 인식도 조사를 통해 표준화가 건설산업에 미치는 영향을 모형화함으로써 향후 건설기술분야 국가경쟁력 확보를 위한 체계적인 건설R&D기술 표준화 활성화 방안을 도출하였다.

Recently, there is a growing interest in technical standardization all over industry, it is very important for survival in the global market to secure standard patent in almost all of company. Technology in construction industry is essential for quality of people's life and have large impact on national economy development. However, there is lack of investment and low interest in technical standardization in construction industry in comparison with another industries. Therefore this study aims at developing strategies for activating the standardization in construcion technology. Specially, this study carries market analysis and case study for domestic construction R&D Cases. Then, a structured survey and analysis is performed for standardization in construcion technology market to suggest alternative to secure national competitiveness.

컴퓨터와 정보통신 기술의 발전으로 사이버테러 및 금융사기를 위한 해킹 기술도 진화하고 있으며 이를 대비하기위한 선진국 수준의 표준화된 정보보호 기술의 연구․개발이 어느 때보다 중요해지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 주요 정보보호 기술에 대한 국외대비 국내의 기술 및 표준화 수준을 진단함으로서 개선점을 제안하며, 시장․기술적 파급효과와 정부 정책 추진과의 부합성을 분석하여 향후 연구개발 방향을 제시한다. 정보보호 기술은 정보보호기반 및 이용자 보호,네트워크 및 시스템 보안, 응용보안 및 평가인증의 세 가지로 분류하고 세부적으로 OTP기반 인증, 스마트폰앱 보안, 모바일 전자금융 등 9가지로 구분하여 각각의 세부 기술에 대한 현황을 분석한다. 분석 결과, 전반적으로 국외 대비 표준화 및 기술개발 역량이 다소 부족한 것으로 평가되며, 특히 시장․기술적 파급효과가 큰 스마트폰앱 보안 및 모바일 전자금융에 대한 국제적 수준의 기술개발과 표준화 역량이 강화되어야 하고, 미래인터넷에서의 정보보호 기술에 대한 정부의 지원 정책이 시급한 것으로 평가된다.

As the hacking technology for cyber-terror and financial fraud evolves, the research and development for advanced and standardized information security technology is growing to be more and more important. In this paper, the domestic level of technology and standardization for information security as compared to advanced country is diagnosed, and future policy is presented by analyzing the influence effect for market and technology. The information security is classified into information security-based & user protection, network & system security,and application security & evaluation validation with details of OTP-based validation, smart-phone app security,and mobile electronic finance, etc. The analytic results indicate that domestic level is some poor for advanced country, the technological development and standardization capability for smart-phone app security and mobile electronic finance is needed, and finally the government's supporting policy for the future Internet is urgently needed.

실내 공간에서 자동 주차 서비스를 위한 측위기술과 표준화 동향을 분석하였다. 실내공간에 최소한의 인프라를 구축 하고 센서와 지능형 알고리듬을 지원하는 장치가 장착된 자동차로 서비스를 실시하는 모델과 일반자동차에 최소한 의 센서와 액추에이터를 장착하고 스마트 인프라 환경을 구축하는 방식에 대해서 비교하였다. 현재 전 세계적으로 자율주행 자동차에 대한 활발한 연구와 더불어 실내공간에서의 주행을 위한 표준화와 실내 공간에 대한 표준화가 진 행되고 있는데, 인프라와 자동차의 지능화 수준을 모두 고려하여 실내 자동 발렛 파킹 서비스를 개발하는 것이 매우 중요하며, 본 논문에서는 실내 자동 주차를 위하여 필요한 스마트 자동차 측위 센서의 요구 사양과 고성능 센서를 장착하지 않은 일반자동차에게 자동 주차 서비스를 제공하기 위한 인프라의 구성 요건을 비교하고 분석하였다.

We investigated positioning technology and standardization activity for an indoor autonomous valet parking service. There might be two potential system architecture for indoor autonomous valet parking service, excepts for the current standardized cooperative system between infrastructure and vehicles with on-board sensors and equipment. One is using smart vehicles with minimum required infrastructure, another model is a smart infrastructure with general vehicles with low grade sensors and equipments. There are very active development of autonomous vehicle technologies and standardization for indoor navigation and parking service. We evaluated trade-off between two potential solutions either smart infra structure based service or smart car based service.

본 논문은 해양 풍력산업의 근간이 되는 부품 표준화체계의 정립과 부품 국산화에 대해 중소기업의 기술역량을 강화하기 위한 제안을 하고자 한다. 풍력산업은 전 세계 나라들이 주목하고 있는 천연 에너지 산업으로써 지속적인 투 자와 연구개발을 하고 있다. 특히 대부분의 기업들이 가장 최소단위인 부품개발에 대한 연구・투자 등에 집중하고 있기 도 하다. 따라서 앞으로 국가의 미래를 결정할 수도 있는 친환경 에너지 산업인 풍력산업의 가장 기초가 되고 근간이 되는 3가지 사항에 대해 집중해야 할 필요가 있다. 첫째, 표준화에 대한 로드맵의 이해가 우선되어야 한다. 둘째, 국내 실정에 맞는 국제규격의 국내규격화 작업 및 Revision화, 셋째, 해외수입 의존도를 낮춰 고부가가치 단품 및 구성품 등에 대한 국산화가 이루어야 한다. 앞으로 중소기업을 중심으로 한 풍력산업 발전은 탄탄한 기반의 국가 산업이 되고 전 세계의 풍력시장을 선도하는 국가 기간산업으로 완성되기를 기대한다.

This paper proposes to strengthen the technological capabilities of small and medium enterprises on the establishment of a component standardization system and the localization of parts, which is the basis of the marine wind industry. The wind industry is a natural energy industry that countries around the world are paying attention to, and continues to invest and research and development. In particular, most companies are focusing on research and investment in component development, the smallest unit. Therefore, it is believed that we should focus on the three most fundamental and underlying wind industry, an eco-friendly energy industry that could determine the fate of the nation in the future. First, an understanding of the roadmap for standardization should be prioritized. Second, it is necessary to establish a domestic standardization of international standards according to domestic conditions. Third, localization of high value-added single products and components should be achieved by lowering dependence on overseas imports. In the future, it is hoped that the wind industry, centered on small and medium-sized enterprises, will become a solid-based national industry and be completed as a national infrastructure leading the global wind market.

According to the circumstances of rapid development on information technology and incessant appearance of the advanced technology, the related new terminologies are coming out unceasingly. Therefore, it is very important touchstone that the new terminologies related information technology might be captured promptly and the terminologies should be defined correctly to deliver the exactly meaningful definition to the necessary places rapidly. First of all, the construction of the new terminologies being increased geometrically might be ready to make up the establishment of terminology on the basis of standard principles. It is also necessary to construct the system for the standardization of terminologies among the basic mechanisms being created and being utilized on the establishment level of terminology. That is the problem on the construction of basic systems for the technology and culture. In the present paper, the correct selection mechanism of the new terminology is proposed in the selective works of new terminologies related the information technologies for the guide book of development in the information science and technology. The description problems of foreign languages, Chinese characters, and new terminology distribution are also defined systematically on the basis of the essential principles in the formation processes of new terminologies. In addition, the selection problems and selection methods of abbreviations are also defined systematically on the basis of formation principles for the terminologies.

There has been an increasing discussion and reseach interest about standardized patent (or patented standards) in terms of public policy and corporate strategy due to its emerging practical impacts on domestic and particularly global market. Based on case analysis and theory investigation in previous reseraches, this paper attempted to present strategic framework to identify interrelationship between standardization and patent considering technology innovation process (S-curve), R&D process (plan, research, development, evaluation) and standardization process(proposal, drafting, approval). The proposed framework could serve as a steping stone for business experts and researchers to have a better understanding about standardized patents and to build competitive strategy in global market.

최근 차량 교통 시스템은 스마트 센서 및 외부와의 소통을 통해 교통의 효율성과 안정성을 향상시키는 교통 체계를 의미하는 지능형 교통시스템(Intelligent Transport Systems : ITS)의 형태로 진화하고 있다. 이러한 발전 추세에 반하여 국내의 ITS 서비스는 다른 주요 통신 서비스에 비해 많이 낙후되어 있다. 이러한 현상의 원인은 현재 국내에서는 국제적으로 배정된 ITS 주파수 대역 내에 방송용 주파수가 할당되어 있으며, 국내에서 ITS로 사용되고 있는 DSRC(Dedicated Short Range Communications) 방식의 주파수도 ISM(Industrial, scientific and medical) 대역을 사용하고 있기 때문에 그것의 활용에 있어서 제한적일 수밖에 없다. 본 논문에서는 국내 ITS의 기술적 현황을 분석하여 다음과 같은 ITS 활성화 방안을 제안하였다. 첫째, 기존의 DSRC방식을 포용하는 WAVE(Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments)방식의 ITS 관련 표준을 시급히 확정하여 표준 설치 사양을 마련해야 한다. 둘째, ITS 표준을 완성하기 위한 주파수 배정이 시급히 시행되어야 한다.

Recently, automobile traffic systems are evolving toward Intelligent Traffic Systems(ITS) with smart sensor technology and collaboration between traffic systems and external ones. On the contrary, Korean ITS services have little improvement comparing with other communication services. The main causes of this phenomenon are due to already allocation of ITS recommended frequency band to broadcasting services, and also dedication of DSRC frequency band over ISM band resulting in interferences. This paper provides the analysis of current Korean ITS technology status, and two suggestions to activate the ITS industry. First, need to fix the ITS standard combining WAVE and DSRC specifications soon. Second, ITS frequency allocation to complete its standard implementation in near time frame.

All the while due to the adoption of different TV broadcasting standards by South and North Korea, difficulties may ensue when promoting media exchange or media liberalization. Among the many media areas this paper compared the ground‐wave TV broadcasting and digital TV broadcasting environments of South and North Korea, and analyzed the rapidly developing field of digital TV broadcasting technology. Afterwards, this paper offers several measures to resolve the difference in the South and North broadcasting standards. Through this paper, there is hope for joint development of South and North TV broadcasting technologies.

The trenchless entire repair technology (TERT) have many different names depending on the companies, and they have the same or similar methods as well as materials. In addition, there was quiet difficulty in application of field working and even confuse to classify for new TERT, while application criteria of TERT is not listed systematically. This study proposed standardization and method for TERT affecting by pipe condition, working materials, working method, specification/quantity per unit according to field condition, strange affairs and others. Determination criteria of defective sewer pipe has proposed to effective method which modify a criteria between Ministry of Environment and Seoul Metropolitan City. A Cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) is suitable for TERT, and the design criteria for the entire broken pipe are proposed when the pipe itself deforms more than 10%. A check lists are specimen preparing, hardening site made by clamped mold, numbers, flexural and tensile property, water leak and desquamation test, and have to use material property of minimum CIPP value depend on ISO 11296-4, ISO 11297-4, KS M3550-7 and KS M3550-9.

수요관리와 정전에 대한 비상전원 기능을 갖춘 하이브리드 전력저장시스템으로 비상발전설비가 필요한 빌딩 및 공장건축 시에 투자비를 최소화하고, 상시 전력비를 절감함으로서 경제성을 확보할 수 있 기술을 개발함으로써 새로운 비즈 니스 모델을 제시한다. 평상시에 STS(Static Transfer Switch)를 통해 부하에 계통 전력을 공급하고 PCS는 계통에 병렬로 연계되어 수요관리를 수행한다. EMS는 수요예측을 통한 전력의 효율적 운용을 위해 ESS에 충방전 지령을 PMS(Power Management System)로 하달하고 PMS는 다시 PCS 제어기로 지령을 전달하여 시스템을 운용한다. 정전시에는 STS가 계통 으로부터 빠르게 이탈되면서 PCS는 독립 전원이 되어 부하 측에 정전압/정주파수의 전력을 공급할수 있는 구조이다. 따라서 하이브리드 ESS에 대한 실 계통 연계 및 독립 운전 성능 검증을 통한 신뢰성을 확보할수 있고, 저탄소 녹색성장 기술의 효율적 전력망과 연계 운영이 가능하게 함으로써 ESS 연계를 통한 신재생에너지 발전에 의한 불규칙한 전력 품질개선, 피크 부하 기여도 제고가 가능하다. 또한 현재 석탄 화력이 담당하고 있는 주파수추종 예비력을 ESS로 대체함에 따라 연료비가 높은 LNG 발전기 가동비용을 절감할 수 있는 기대효과가 있다.

Hybrid power storage system with emergency power function for demand management and power outage minimizes the investment cost in the building of buildings and factories requiring emergency power generation facilities, We propose a new business model by developing technology that can secure economical efficiency by reducing power cost at all times. Normally, system power is supplied to load through STS (Static Transfer Switch), and PCS is connected to system in parallel to perform demand management. In order to efficiently operate the electric power through demand forecasting, the EMS issues a charge / discharge command to the ESS as a PMS (Power Management System), and the PMS transmits the command to the PCS controller to operate the system. During the power outage, the STS is rapidly disengaged from the system, and the PCS becomes an independent power supply and can supply constant voltage / constant frequency power to the load side. Therefore, it is possible to secure reliability through verification of actual system linkage and independent operation performance of hybrid ESS, By enabling low-carbon green growth technology to operate in conjunction with an efficient grid, it is possible to improve irregular power quality and contribute to peak load by generating renewable energy through ESS linkage. In addition, the ESS is replacing the frequency follow-up reserve, which is currently under the charge of coal-fired power generation, and thus it is anticipated that the operation cost of the LNG generator with high fuel cost can be reduced.

클라우드 서비스가 보편화되면서 클라우드 서비스의 도입을 위한 기업의 관심과 함께 클라우드 보안에 대한 우려가 증가하고 있다. 또한 기존 컴퓨터 시스템 환경과는 다른 클라우드 컴퓨팅 환경에서 새로운 보안 취약점들이 발생하고 있으며, 기존의 보안 시스템으로는 이러한 보안위협요소들에 대해 적절한 대응이 어려우므로 기술적 해결 방안의 수립이 시급하게 되었다. 이를 위해서는 먼저 클라우드 서비스를 이용하는 다양한 이해관계자들의 보안 요구사항을 조사하여 보안 솔루션 개발을 위한 요구사항이 기술적 가이드라인으로서 표준화가 선행되어야 한다. 이에 본 논문은 ISO 17789 문서인 클라우드 컴퓨팅 참조 구조에서 역할별 보안 요구사항과 클라우드 시스템 계층 구조에서 계층별 보 안 요구사항을 각각 종합하여 클라우드 컴퓨팅 보안 기술 표준화를 위한 계층 및 역할별 보안 요구 사항을 제안하였다. 본 논문에서 제안된 보안 요구사항은, 클라우드 컴퓨팅 보안에 대한 기술 요구사 항을 표준화하고, 특정 가상화 플랫폼이나 시스템에 관계없는 클라우드 컴퓨팅 보안 솔루션을 개발할 수 있는 기초를 제공할 것으로 예상된다.

The cloud service has been prevailing and the interest of companies in the use of cloud service has increased as well along with the concern about cloud security. The problem is one thing the security vulnerabilities in cloud computing environments are different from those of the existing computer system and the other the existing security system is too difficult to protect the cloud system vulnerabilities. Thereby it needs to find the technical measures to address the mentioned problems. First of all, for this we have to collect security requirements of various stakeholders in the view of cloud service and second, we should standardize requirements for development of security solution as security guidelines. In this paper, we described security requirements based on roles in cloud computing reference architecture(ISO 17789) and security requirements based on layers of cloud system architecture. Also, we proposed security requirements based on layers and roles for standardization of cloud computing security technology by combining security requirements based on layers and security requirements based on roles. The proposed requirements can be a basement for standardizing technical requirements of clouding computing and then for solution of cloud security which is system independent.

신속한 차단 사양을 위한 통신 신호는 시스템 구성과 관계없이 NEC 2014, NEC 2017 또는 해당 UL 규격에서는 “적용되는 모든 태양광(PV) 시스템의 빠른 차단 요구사항을 지원하도록 설계한다”라고 규정되어 있다. 한편 신재생에너 지 관련 국내 규정 등을 보면 각 기관에서 정한 기준이나 규정, 지침 등은 일반적이거나 해당 기관이 필요한 부분만 제정해서 운영 중이다. 이러한 것들을 태양광 시설에 적용하기에는 미흡한 점이 많아 설계, 감리자와 검사기관의 검사 기준, 검사자의 기술 수준에 따라 과도하게 설비를 하는 경우 등이 발생하고 있다. 국제적으로 통용되는 IEC 규격은 각종 시설규격을 자세히 다루고 있다. 유럽 각국에서는 IEC를 근간으로 별도의 시설 규정이 있는데, 특히 기기의 성능, 안전성 등을 상세하게 다루고 있고, 미국 등 북미에서 적용하는 ‘NEC Article 690‘인 경우 각 항목이 매우 상세하게 기술하고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 국제적으로 통용 및 현재 적용되고 있는 태양광(PV) 셧다운(Shutdown) 기술에 대한 세부 내용들을 살펴보고자 한다.

The communication signal for quick cut-off specification is defined as “design to support fast cut-off requirements of all applicable photovoltaic(PV) systems” in NEC 2014, NEC 2017 or the corresponding UL standard regardless of the system configuration. On the other hand, if you look at the domestic regulations related to new and renewable energy, the standards, regulations, and guidelines set by each institution are general, or only the parts necessary for the institution are being established and operated. There are many insufficient points to apply these things to photovoltaic facilities, and there are cases where excessive facilities are installed according to the design, inspection standards of supervisors and inspection agencies, and the skill level of inspectors. The internationally accepted IEC standards deal with various facility standards in detail. In each European country, there are separate facility regulations based on IEC. In particular, the performance and safety of devices are dealt with in detail, and in the case of ‘NEC Article 690’ applied in North America such as the United States, each item is described in detail. Therefore, in this paper, we will look at the details of the PV shutdown technology that is currently used and applied internationally.

The Integrated Offshore Standard Specification (IOSS) involves Korean shipyards, classification societies, research institutes, the Korean industrial society, engineering companies, and oil companies with the objective of reducing costs and risks without compromising safety in international offshore engineering procurement construction (EPC) projects using new standardized bulk components and qualification procedures. The activities of the IOSS include the analysis of the existing rules and regulations to achieve the best standardization, which is reflected in the best practices, and minimize the variables in regulations and rules. In addition, a standard inventory of shapes and dimensions, referred to as specifications, is proposed in the IOSS. In this paper, the aluminum tertiary standardization part (IOSS S102-1/2 S104: Specification for Structural Tertiary Design) is presented with the details of the procedures, background reviews, and cost-benefit analyses of the design and verification methods for standard designs in the IOSS standardization items. Based on the cost-benefit analysis, the application of standardized aluminum tertiary items to offshore projects has significant advantages in terms of maintenance and repair compared to the carbon steel tertiary items utilized in current industrial practices.

As a means of achieving fashion technology and scientification, this research on the standardization proposals of body type research methods has the following conclusions: 1. As human body displays different characteristics according to races, regions, sexes, and ages, clothing products (unlike other industrial goods) cannot be subject to global standardization. As a result, clothing size standardization can be desirably regionalized, for example, as Asian, European countries, etc. 2. In order to share human-body-concerned information among nations, programs for raw data exchange need to be urgently developed. 3. Top priority is databasing all raw data at home and abroad. 4. So that the findings of body type research can be practically applied to the concerned industry, industry-academy cooperation and information exchange are a must. While researchers have to heighten the precision of their studies, industrial partners ought to focus on the invaluable importance of academic research. 5. The scientific body type analysis, the basis of fashion technology, as well as the development of its application technology and software are ultimately and urgently required.