Earticle

The study reported in this paper aimed to evaluate the topics and opinions of COVID-19 discussion found on Twitter. It performed topic modeling and sentiment analysis of tweets posted during the COVID-19 outbreak, and compared these results over space and time. In addition, by covering a more recent and a longer period of the pandemic timeline, several patterns not previously reported in the literature were revealed. Author-pooled Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) was used to generate twenty topics that discuss different aspects related to the pandemic. Time-series analysis of the distribution of tweets over topics was performed to explore how the discussion on each topic changed over time, and the potential reasons behind the change. In addition, spatial analysis of topics was performed by comparing the percentage of tweets in each topic among top tweeting countries. Afterward, sentiment analysis of tweets was performed at both temporal and spatial levels. Our intention was to analyze how the sentiment differs between countries and in response to certain events. The performance of the topic model was assessed by being compared with other alternative topic modeling techniques. The topic coherence was measured for the different techniques while changing the number of topics. Results showed that the pooling by author before performing LDA significantly improved the produced topic models.

This paper is about the semiotic phenomenological exploration of space. Under the prerequisite that space refers to something other than itself, it can become the target of analysis by semiotics which studies signification. Buildings can be described through semiotics of space which aims for 'the skills, production, and interpretation of space language' conceived by Greimas. By examining the style of 'making place' which possesses the meaning from the perspective of manufacturer and the experience on the aspect of user, place can be understood. Jongmyo - the subject of analysis - has been made through the semiotic phenomenological activity which has thoroughly reflected the ideology of the Confucian society. The Jongmyo Shrine - the sacred site that applies as a powerful medium - realizes placeness with a specific body. The key of the Jongmyo space is about how the eternal nature of the dynasty was reflected in space and this study aims to look at in which external composition form the symbolic meaning of the shrine is being revealed. That is, the meaning of space applied as a medium can be clarified by figuring out which architectural metaphor device the symbolic meaning is strengthened at space composition.

In order to respond to the recent climate crisis that threatens the survival of mankind, various countries have proposed the concept of ‘Carbon Neutrality’ in which net emissions are zero by reducing carbon emissions or absorbing carbon in the air. In the case of Korea, it is also trying to achieve zero net emission of national greenhouse gases with the goal of being ‘Carbon Neutral by 2050’. However, cities are causing various environmental changes, such as climate change and carbon issues, as changes such as growth, industrialization, and population change accelerate. Landscape space is a space that can respond to various environmental and social problems occurring in the city. Parks, street spaces, and green spaces have a high ability to absorb carbon in particular because land space and waterside space exist in a complex way. In this way, the landscape space in the city can improve the function of the virtuous cycle in the carbon flow. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the dynamic changes of the carbon cycle over time and to implement a carbon neutral landscape based on this. In order to understand flows such as carbon emission or absorption, a simulation modeling method is needed to predict dynamic changes in systemic aspects such as material circulation. The purpose of this study is to establish and apply spatial-temporal simulation model that can implement carbon neutrality in urban landscape spaces. This study classifies the types of landscape spaces that can realize carbon neutrality, derives components, collects data for each type, and builds a database. In addition, this study intend to present a plan by implementing a carbon cycle simulation for each type.

This study presented a surface water quality modeling framework considering the spatial resolution of pollutant load estimation to better represent stream water quality characteristics in the Saemangeum watershed which has been focused on keeping its water resources sustainable after the Saemangeum embankment construction. The watershed delineated into 804 sub-watersheds in total based on the administrative districts, which were units for pollutant load estimation and counted as 739 in the watershed, Digital Elevation Model (DEM), and agricultural structures such as drainage canal. The established model consists of 7 Mangyung (MG) sub-models, 7 Dongjin (DJ) sub-models, and 3 Reclaimed sub-models, and the sub-models were simulated in a sequence of upstream to downstream based on its connectivity. The hydrologic calibration and validation of the model were conducted from 14 flow stations for the period of 2009 and 2013 using an automatic calibration scheme. The model performance to the hydrologic stations for calibration and validation showed that the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient (NSE) ranged from 0.66 to 0.97, PBIAS were -31.0~16.5 %, and $R^2$ were from 0.75 to 0.98, respectively in a monthly time step and therefore, the model showed its hydrological applicability to the watershed. The water quality calibration and validation were conducted based on the 29 stations with the water quality constituents of DO, BOD, TN, and TP during the same period with the flow. The water quality model were manually calibrated, and generally showed an applicability by resulting reasonable variability and seasonality, although some exceptional simulation results were identified in some upstream stations under low-flow conditions. The spatial subdivision in the model framework were compared with previous studies to assess the consideration of administrative boundaries for watershed delineation, and this study outperformed in flow, but showed a similar level of model performance in water quality. The framework presented here can be applicable in a regional scale watershed as well as in a need of fine-resolution simulation.

본 연구는 혁신의 공간적 확산을 꾀하는 복수의 혁신확산자들이 서로 경쟁을 하는 경우에 그 혁신확산자들의 혁신 지역 선택과 그 혁신 지역에서의 확산 노력에 대한 이해를 도모하기 위한 연구이다. 기존의 확산에 대한 연구가 혁신의 채택자에 초점을 두고 있는데 반해 이 연구는 확산의 전파자인 혁신확산자에 초점을 두었다. 공간확산의 형태는 전염적 확산과 계층적 확산으로 나누어 질 수 있는데 그 확산의 형태를 조직학습이론의 활용과 탐색의 경우에 연결시켜 그 확산 형태가 혁신확산자의 확산동기와 연결 될 수 있음을 보였다. 본 연구에 사용된 데이터로는 정형외과 전문의들이 그 전문 서비스를 지역적으로 확산시켜나가는 경우를 사용하였으며 분석 결과 이 전문 서비스가 공간적으로 확산되어 나가는 데에는 확산 지역 선택에는 전염적 확산의 영향을 더 크게 받으나 확산의 강도를 결정하는 데에는 전염적 확산과 계층적 확산의 형태가 동시에 나타남을 알 수 있다. 또한 확산 지역에 위치한 경쟁자의 행태 역시 혁신확산자의 지역 선전과 확산 노력 결정에 지대한 영향을 끼친다는 것을 알 수 있다.

In this study, we model the decisions by competing organizations with respect to the location of diffusion agencies and the intensity of diffusion at the chosen sites. We propose that the pattern of spatial diffusion – contagious or hierarchical – is related to the organizational learning strategies of exploitation and exploration. Where the supply of potential locations is limited by infrastructure availability, competition between propagators also plays a key role in the spatial diffusion process. Our empirical study concerns specialist medical practices(i.e. orthopedic surgeons) that establish practice arrangements with rural hospitals outside their home markets between 1989 and 2001. We find the pattern of agency locations over time is more consistent with an exploitation strategy but the intensity of diffusion is subject to both influences. In addition, the presence of a competing propagator in a given market, the origin of that propagator as well as the location of competitors all influence the locations chosen and the level of diffusion intensity.

극한 강우의 정량화는 홍수방어계획의 수립에 대단히 중요하며 극한 강우의 일반적인 척도는 T-년 재현기간으로 표현된다. 본 연구에서는 기후정보와 지리정보가 결합된 계층적 베이지안 모형을 이용하여 재현기간별 일 강우량의 공간 분포 및 불확실성을 추정하는 방법을 제시하고 이를 서울-인천-경기 지역에 적용하였다. 한국 기상청에서 운영 중인 서울-인천-경기 지역의 6개 종관기상관측소의 연 최대 일 강우량이 일반화된 극치 분포에 적합되었다. 지점 빈도해석과 지수 홍수법을 이용한 지역 빈도해석으로부터 도출된 재현기간별 일 강우량과의 비교를 통하여 제안된 방법의 적용성 및 신뢰도를 살펴보았다. 모든 지점과 모든 재현기간에서 지수홍수법에 의한 지역 빈도해석의 불확실성이 가장 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 계층적 베이지안 모형에 의한 지역 빈도해석의 신뢰도가 가장 높은 것을 확인하였다. 제안된 방법은 서울-인천-경기 지역 및 공간적인 크기가 유사한 다른 지역에서 다양한 지속기간에 대한 확률강우량 지도를 생성하는데 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

Quantification of extreme rainfall is very important in establishing a flood protection plan, and a general measure of extreme rainfall is expressed as an T-year return level. In this study, a method was proposed for quantifying spatial distribution and uncertainty of daily rainfall depths with various return periods using a hierarchical Bayesian model combined with climate and geographical information, and was applied to the Seoul-Incheon-Gyeonggi region. The annual maximum daily rainfall depth of six automated synoptic observing system weather stations of the Korea Meteorological Administration in the study area was fitted to the generalized extreme value distribution. The applicability and reliability of the proposed method were investigated by comparing daily rainfall quantiles for various return levels derived from the at-site frequency analysis and the regional frequency analysis based on the index flood method. The uncertainty of the regional frequency analysis based on the index flood method was found to be the greatest at all stations and all return levels, and it was confirmed that the reliability of the regional frequency analysis based on the hierarchical Bayesian model was the highest. The proposed method can be used to generate the rainfall quantile maps for various return levels in the Seoul-Incheon-Gyeonggi region and other regions with similar spatial sizes.

도로교통법이 개정되며 개인형 이동수단(특히, 전동킥보드) 이용에 대한 정책적인 개선방안 이 제시되고 있다. 하지만 많은 기기들이 보도 위에 방치되는 등 이용상의 문제점을 해결하고 자 하는 논의는 부족한 실정이다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 서울시를 200m 격자로 구분하여 공유 전동킥보드의 대여량과 반납량에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하고자 한다. 특정공간을 기 준으로 집계된 자료의 특성을 반영하기 위해 공간자기상관모형인 공간시차모형과 공간오차모 형, 공간더빈모형, 공간더빈오차모형을 구축하였으며, 최종모형으로 공간더빈모형을 선정하였 다. 영향요인 분석결과, 인구지표, 토지이용지표, 교통시설지표가 통계적으로 유의하게 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 평일과 주말의 이용특성을 고려한 효율적인 운 영방안을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Policy improvement such as the revision of the Road Traffic Act are proposed for personal mobility(especially e-scooter) usage. However, there is not enough discussion to solve the problem of using shared e-scooter. In this study, we analyze the influencing factors that amount of pick-up and drop-off of shared e-scooter by dividing the Seoul into a 200m grid. we develop spatial auotcorrelation model such as spatial lag model, spatial error model, spatial durbin model, and spatial durbin error model in order to consider the characteristics of the aggregated data based on a specific space, and the spatial durbin error model is selected as the final model. As a result, demographic factor, land use factor, and transport facility factors have statistically significant impacts on usage of shared e-scooter. The result of this study will be used as basic data for suggesting efficient operation strategies considering the characteristics of weekday and weekend.

The Seoul Metropolitan Government has launched an urban housing program to help ease the housing shortage in small cities and strengthen the stability of the housing due to the increase in single and double households in the city. In general, a survey of the price premium of local and surrounding environmental characteristics for housing found that little is known to the extent of its impact on housing rents in small and medium cities. We use geographic information system techniques to measure the variables while investigating the impact of these features on monthly rents of urban residential housing by estimating and comparing traditional and spatial header pricing models. We found that spatial HPMs perform better than traditional HPM in terms of fitness. Most of the variables related to location characteristics and the surrounding environment had a significant impact on rent. Rent rates are low in areas near universities. However, access to the park does not seem to be important to residents. We conclude that people living in small urban housing tend to pay rent in different ways.

스마트폰 기반의 관광 플랫폼들이 활성화되면서 리뷰 데이터를 활용한 정책 수립 및 서비스 고도화가 다양한 분야에서 이루어지고 있다. 관광 리뷰 데이터를 활용한 선행연구들의 경우 국내 관광객 중심의 연구가 대다수 수행되었 으며, 외국인 관광객 연구의 경우 일부 언어로 수집된 데이터와 텍스트 마이닝 기법에 한정하여 연구가 수행되었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 온라인 리뷰 사이트를 통해 ‘대구 명소’ 키워드를 지정하여 외국인들이 작성한 리뷰 데이터 3,515건 을 수집하였다. 그리고 LDA 기반의 토픽모델링을 수행하여 관광 토픽을 도출하였으며, 각 토픽별 전역 및 국지적 공간 분석을 수행한 점이 선행연구와 차별성이라 할 수 있다. 분석 결과 전역적 공간 자기상관이 존재하며, 외국인들이 주로 방문하는 관광지들이 국지적으로 결집되어 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 대다수 토픽에서 중구를 중심으로 핫스팟이 도출되 었으며, 분석 결과를 바탕으로 지자체 외국인 관광정책 수립 및 토픽모델링 기반의 공간분석 연구의 기초연구로 활용되 길 기대하며, 본 연구의 한계점 또한 제시하였다.

As smartphone-based tourism platforms have become active, policy establishment and service enhancement using review data are being made in various fields. In the case of the preceding studies using tourism review data, most of the studies centered on domestic tourists were conducted, and in the case of foreign tourist studies, studies were conducted only on data collected in some languages and text mining techniques. In this study, 3,515 review data written by foreigners were collected by designating the “Daegu attractions” keyword through the online review site. And LDA-based topic modeling was performed to derive tourism topics. The spatial approach through global and local spatial autocorrelation analysis for each topic can be said to be different from previous studies. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that there is a global spatial autocorrelation, and that tourist destinations mainly visited by foreigners are concentrated locally. In addition, hot spots have been drawn around Jung-gu in most of the topics. Based on the analysis results, it is expected to be used as a basic research for spatial analysis based on local government foreign tourism policy establishment and topic modeling. And The limitations of this study were also presented.

본 논문은 주얼리 디자인 전공자에게 요구되는 기본소양인 기초조형의 공간지각 능력과 주얼리 디자인에 있어 가장 중요한 투시도법을 함께 활용하여 조형능력을 창의적으로 발휘 할 수 있는 수업 모형에 대해 연구한 논문 이다. 이를 위해 연구자는 학생들에게 공간감을 나타낼 수 있는 방법에 대해 이론적으로 설명하고 기본도형과 입체도 형, 투시도법에 대한 실기 수업을 진행한 후 창의적 활동을 위한 주제를 제시하고 결과물을 얻었다. 기존의 기초조형 수업에서 단순히 실기위주의 수업만 진행했다면 본 연구를 통해 학생들에게 안에서 창의력을 발휘하기 위한 분석과 기초투시도법, 공간감을 함께 융합적으로 활용할 수 있는 수업모형을 제시함으로 집중교육효과와 명확한 평가기준을 통해 학생과 교수 모두가 공감할 수 있는 평가방법을 알 수 있는 계기가 되었다. 본 논문을 계기로 더 다양한 재료와 융합적 수업모형에 대한 연구가 계속되기를 바란다.

This study is about the class model that can demonstrate the modeling ability using the spatial perception capability on basic modeling required for jewelry design majors and the most important perspective method in jewelry design. The outputs were obtained by presenting the topics for creative activities to students after theoretical explaining how to present a spatial sense and presenting practical classes on basic shapes, stereoscopic shapes and perspective methods. While the existing basic molding classes were only practical classes, this study presented students with a class model that allows them to use creativity, basic perspective, and spatial sense together. And it was found out evaluation method that both students and professors can relate to each other through the intensive education effects and clear evaluation standards. I hope that this paper will continue to study more diverse materials and convergent class models.

Spatial modeling is one of the most important parts in the area of spatial relations, and it is necessary to develop a new model with high practicality. Firstly this paper analyzes the characteristics and defects of present models; secondly introduces in detail the construction method of quadtree histogram; thirdly cloud model are used to judge spatial directional relation. The experimental results show that the model is feasible.

Spatial relationships among image objects play an important role in countless domains of computer. But the research on the expression method of special directional relation ‘between’, ‘among’ and ‘surround’ is immature. In this paper, firstly the characteristics and defects of present basic directional relation models and special directional relation models are analyzed; secondly the basic idea and construction method of F-histogram are introduced; thirdly a new expression method to judge special directional relation ‘between’, ‘among’ and ‘surround’ based on F-histogram is described in detail; finally several calculation examples which can prove the correctness of the method are given.

To solve the problem of three-dimensional terrain simplification in large-scale which was based on digital elevation model (DEM) data, a terrain simplified method based on the theory of spatial autocorrelation was proposed. The slope, a key factor for expressing the terrain features, has been taken into account in this method. According to principle of regional similarities in geomorphology is related to DEM data correlation, a cluster analysis was performed on the terrain data to get the thresholds distinguish terrain features. On the basis, the gradient-based distance-weighted method was adopted to fit elevation values of the center point and generated a new terrain mesh. The results of experiments show that the method to some extent reduces the size of the data, while maintaining good terrain features and curvature characteristic.

According to the complicated spatial constraints of the spacecraft, combined with physical characteristics, a mechanics model of flexible cable is established considering the large deflection deformation. Then, influences of constraints on the cable spatial attitude, movement parameters and internal forces are found. The method of cable planning can be used in the virtual environment of the model considering the spatial constraints. Furthermore, the mechanics model is solved by numerical integration method. Finally, the variation laws of the cable parameters are analyzed, and the simulation results have verified the validity of the cable mechanical model.

본 연구는 지속적으로 증가하고 있는 국내 쯔쯔가무시증 발병 분석에 적합한 회귀모형을 선정하고, 이에 영향을 미치는 공간 생태학적 요인을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 통하여 향후 쯔쯔가무시증 방역사업 및 대상지 선정에 이론적 배경을 제시하고자 한다. 이 연구는 일반선형회귀모형, 공간오차모형, 아이겐벡터 공간필터링 모형 세 모형을 비교하였고, 이 중 아이겐벡터 공간필터링 모형이 가장 뛰어난 것으로 나타났다. 쯔쯔가무시증 발병 요인 분석 결과 가을 기온, 가을 강수량, 가을 습도, 가을 NDVI, 논경작인구비율이 유의미한 변수로 나타났다. 한편 일반선형회귀모형의 상대적 중요도 분석 결과 논 경작 인구비율이 결정계수 중 가장 큰 비중을 차지하여, 자연환경변수보다 인문환경이 쯔쯔가무시증 발병률에 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 평가되었다.

This research aims to identify appropriate regression models and suggest relevant space-ecological variables for scrub typhus disease occurrence analysis in Korea. This study expects to provide theoretical backgrounds for anti-epidemic measures of scrub typhus disease. Statistical tests for three different regression models, such as ordinary least square (OLS) model, spatial error model (SEM), and eigenvector spatial filtering model, present that the eigenvector spatial filtering model performs best. The analysis results show that six covariates (fall temperature, fall precipitation, fall humidity, fall NDVI, and paddy farm population rate) are statistically significant predictors for scrub typhus disease occurrence. Meanwhile, the OLS model indicates that rice farming population rate is the most significant factor in the covariance analysis. From the study, we concluded that socioeconomic factors are relatively more influential determinants of scrub typhus occurrence compared to environmental variables.

본 연구는 공간 인지에 기반한 길찾기(wayfinding) 방법론을 이론적으로 검토하며, 이를 토대로 인지 경로를 모델링하고 최적 경로와의 비교 분석에 적용하여 그 의미를 파악하는데 목적이 있다. 그동안 길찾기의 방법론이 연구되고 시스템들이 개발되어 왔으나 이론적 측면의 공간 인지가 제대로 고려되지 못하였으며, 또한 실제로 제한된 길찾기 행위가 나타나는 것은 공간 인지 측면의 고려가 부족한 것으로 판단된다. 공간 인지 지식을 기반으로 한 길찾기는 환경과의 상호작용 속에서 이루어진 공간 프로세스 이다. 이러한 이론적 고찰을 토대로, 본 연구에서는 서울대학교 관악캠퍼스를 연구 대상으로 공간 인지의 경로 모델링을 수립 및 구현하였으며, 이를 통해 방향 및 거리 지각에 따라 인지 경로가 어떻게 형성되는지 탐색하고, 최소 거리에 기반한 최적 경로와 비교 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 실제 인지 경로와 최적 경로의 이동 거리간에 유의미한 차이가 탐색되었으며, 이는 통행 네트워크 배열과 구조적 특성에 많은 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 길찾기 의사결정에 큰 영향을 주는 지점은 길찾기 효율성 제고를 위해 부가적인 공간 정보를 제공 및 재구조화될 필요가 있다.

The purpose of this research is to review the wayfinding methodologies theoretically based on the spatial cognition, and is to model the cognitive wayfinding method, and to explore the significant differences with respect to the structure of the pass network by comparing optimized paths. There have been various kinds of researches and systems developed, but the proper theoretical review in terms of spatial cognition was not implemented. In the real world, limited wayfinding behaviors are likely to be related to lack of consideration of spatial cognition. The wayfinding based on spatial cognition is the process to be implemented with the interaction of the surrounding environment. Based on the theoretical review, this paper addresses how the cognitive paths are constructed based on the direction and distance perceptions and comparatively analyzes the differences between the cognitive and the optimized shortest paths, in case of Gwan-ak Campus, Seoul National University. As a result of analysis, it showed that there were the significant differences of travel distances between the cognitive and shortest paths and were significantly influenced by the configuration and structure of the pass network. In addition, we found some nodes making important decisions of the wayfinding would be utilized as critical points providing additional spatial information to improve wayfinding efficiency.

본 연구에서 예측하고자 하는 국토공간구조는 사람과 자본, 도시기능, 교통망, 자연환경 등의 요소들이 구조화된 형태와 그 상호작용으로 정의한다. 이러한 국토공간구조의 변화는 인구이동, 교통체계의 변화, 도시기능의 변화, 국토환경의 변화, 그리고 산출되는 경제적 효과로 구분하여 중장기적 관점에서 미래예측을 시도하였다. 다이나믹 모델링의 기법은 질적분석 차원의 시스템 사고(system thinking)와 양적분석 차원의 시스템 다이내믹스(system dynamics)를 포함하는 방법을 활용하여 분석하고자 한다. 특히 시스템 다이내믹스 프로그램인 Vensim PLE를 사용하여 기초관계의 균등화단위 모델링을 토대로 설정하였다. 이때 KTX 고속철도망 구축수준(서비스 지역 확대)과 KTX 고속철도망 운행시간 수준(거점 연결 시간 단축)을 각각 초기 독립요소(중요한 전략변수)로 간주하여 이를 기준변수로 상정하고, 각각 수준이 낮은 경우(0.1)와 수준이 높은 경우(1.0)로 설정하여 시간(year)에 따른 변동량을 분석하였다. 나아가 기간변수를 최대 2030년까지로 상정하여 그 시기까지의 변화추이를 중심으로 KTX 고속철도망의 변화패턴과 국토공간구조의 이용 변화 패턴을 확인하고자 하였다.

The change of spatial structure is dependent on various factors including population transfer, transport system, urban change, homeland environment change, and other economic changes. This study aims to construct a more comprehensive model of spatial structure by exploring significant factors missed in past empirical studies. To accomplish the aim, this study builds an analytical framework through an extensive review of literature on the issue. This study considers the developmental level and running time level of KTX as strategic variables by using the System Dynamics program and explores changing patterns of variables in the year of 2030. This study also predicted patterns of KTX rapid-transit railway and land use based upon the proposed model.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to map the incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Iranian army units (IAUs) and to identify possible spatial clusters. METHODS: This ecological study investigated incident cases of CL between 2014 and 2017. CL data were extracted from the CL registry maintained by the deputy of health of AJA University of Medical Sciences. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of CL was computed with a Besag, York, and Mollie model. The purely spatial scan statistic was employed to detect the most likely high- and low-rate clusters and to obtain the observed-to-expected (O/E) ratio for each detected cluster. The statistical significance of the clusters was assessed using the log likelihood ratio (LLR) test and Monte Carlo hypothesis testing. RESULTS: A total of 1,144 new CL cases occurred in IAUs from 2014 to 2017, with an incidence rate of 260 per 100,000. Isfahan and Khuzestan Provinces were found to have more CL cases than expected in all studied years (SIR>1), while Kermanshah, Kerman, and Fars Provinces were observed to have been high-risk areas in only some years of the study period. The most significant CL cluster was in Kermanshah Province (O/E, 67.88; LLR, 1,200.62; p<0.001), followed by clusters in Isfahan Province (O/E, 6.02; LLR, 513.24; p<0.001) and Khuzestan Province (O/E, 2.35; LLR, 73.71; p<0.001), while low-rate clusters were located in the northeast areas, including Razavi Khorasan, North Khorasan, Semnan, and Golestan Provinces (O/E, 0.03; LLR, 95.11; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study identified high-risk areas for CL. These findings have public health implications and should be considered when planning control interventions among IAUs.

토양침식은 산악지역에서 산림조성에 중요한 문제를 일으키며 비옥한 토양을 침식시켜 식생의 성장을 저해시키며 인도에서 수집한 자료와 GIS를 이용하여 인도의 서부산맥 모야유역의 토양침식을 분석하였다. 주제도의 레이어로 산림, 지형경사, 배수 등에 대한 자료가 사용되었으며 토양침식 지도분석에서 48%의 지역이 중간정도의 침식을 보였다. 또한 35%지역은 높은 침식을 보였으며 가장 높은 침식은 식생지역의 7%를 차지하였다. 이러한 토양침식 분석도는 유역에서의 토양침식을 방지하기 위한 대책을 수립하는데 주요한 자료가 될 것으로 판단된다.

Soil erosion is a major problem in the case of forests in hilly terrains. Soil erosion removes the fertile topsoil, making unsuitable for growth and establishment of vegetation. In the present study, erosion prone areas in a forest region situated in the Moyar sub-watershed of Western ghats was identified using GIS with data collected from India. The thematic layers such as forest cover, slope and drainage density were used for analysis. In the erosion prone map, majority of area (48%) was under medium category, and about 35% of area was under high erosion prone category. Very high erosion prone category occupied 7% of the forest area. This erosion prone map would be an ideal spatial data to take up necessary management actions at appropriate places in this watershed to prevent erosion.