Earticle

This study investigates the spatial dynamics of apartment sale transaction prices in Busan, South Korea, by applying spatial econometric models to comprehensive real estate and demographic data. Utilizing variables such as exclusive area, floor level, year of construction, and local population density, the analysis identifies significant positive spatial autocorrelation in apartment prices, indicating spatial clustering. To better capture these spatial effects, three spatial econometric models—the Spatial Lag Model (SAR), Spatial Error Model (SEM), and Spatial Durbin Model (SDM)—were employed. The results demonstrate that while all models reveal significant relationships between housing characteristics and prices, the SDM model outperforms the others in terms of model fit, highlighting the influence of unobserved spatial factors.

본 연구에서는 소비자단체의 공간적 분포와 그 특성을 살펴보고, 소비자단체의 발전 방안을 모색하는 데 필요한 근거 자료를 마련하고자 하였다. 이를 통해 지역을 기반으로 한 소비자단체가 소비자문제를 보다 효과적으로 해결할 수 있 는 구체적인 방안을 제안할 수 있기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 11개 소비자단체, 815개소 지부 및 지회 자료를 수집하여 국지 적 자기상관과 공간시차모델을 활용하여 분석하였다. 첫째, 소비자단체의 공간적 분포는 지리적인 특성에 따른 패턴을 찾기 어려웠다. 둘째, 소비자단체는 인구와 사업체 수가 많고 면적이 큰 지역일수록 더 많이 분포하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋 째, 소비자단체의 공간적 분포는 소비자상담 건수와 비교할 때, 소비자단체의 수요와 공급 간 불일치가 발생한다는 것을 나타낸다. 후속 연구에서는 소비자단체의 활동에 관한 질적 자료를 보충하여 분석함으로써, 소비자단체의 구체적인 발전 방안을 지속적으로 모색할 필요가 있다.

The purpose of this study was to provide the necessary data to explore the development plans of consumer organizations by looking at the spatial distribution of consumer organizations. This is because community-based consumer organizations can propose concrete measures to solve consumer problems more effectively. In this study, data of 11 consumer organizations and 815 branches were collected and analyzed using local indicators of spatial distribution and spatial lag model. First, it was difficult to find patterns according to the geographical characteristics of the spatial distribution of consumer organizations. Second, consumer organizations were more distributed in areas with large populations and businesses and large areas. Third, there is a discrepancy between the demand and supply of consumer organizations when compared with the number of consumer counseling. Based on this, it is necessary to constantly seek concrete development plans by supplementing the qualitative data on the activities of consumer organizations.

본 연구에서는 공간효과를 이용하여 한류의 문화콘텐츠 수출이 한국의 총수출에 미치는 영향을 117개국 전체 및 지역별로 구분하여 분석하였다. 공간효과 분석은 한류의 공간효과 유무를 먼저 파악하고 한류의 문화콘텐츠 수출이 이들 지역의 한국 총수출에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 파악하기 위해 공간시차모형과 공간오차모형을 이용해 패널회귀분석을 실시하였다. 실 증분석 결과 한류의 공간효과는 5% 유의수준에서 아시아, 미주, 중동, 아프리카 지역에서는 공간효과가 존재하고 유럽과 대양주 지역에서는 비유의적으로 나타났다. 한편 한류의 문화콘 텐츠 수출은 아시아, 미주, 아프리카지역에서 한국의 총수출에 정(+)의 유의적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 아시아, 미주, 중동, 아프리카 지역에서는 한류에 대한 현지국 정서 및 문화 수용성의 정도가 높은 반면 유럽과 대양주에서는 비교적 이질적 문화 수용성을 보이고 있는 것으로 추정된다. 특히 아시아지역의 한류가 한국의 총수출에 미치는 영향이 가장 커 아시아지역에서의 한류의 지속성을 위해서는 한류 문화콘텐츠의 질적 제고가 요구되며 한류의 문화적 수용성이 낮은 유럽, 대양주 등에서는 특화된 현지 맞춤형 문화콘텐츠의 개발이 절실 하다고 하겠다. 또 중동지역은 한류의 공간효과는 존재하지만 한국의 총수출에 미치는 영향은 비유의적으로 나타나 이 지역에서는 한류 연계 가능 신제품 개발과 마케팅 노력이 절실하다.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effect of Korean waves on Korean exports (1995-2014) by regional groups using spatial effects. Most previous studies ignored spatial interdependence between neighboring countries. Empirical results by regional groups show spatial effects are positive and significant in Asia, North America, South America and Africa but not in Europe and Oceania at 5% significant level. The effect of exports of Korean cultural content on Korean total exports is positive and significant in Asia, North America and Africa. This is because that Korean culture has little rejection in these areas but not in Europe and the Middle East and Oceania. In particular, the coefficient of Korean waves in Asia on Korean total exports is the biggest relatively. This means that Korean waves in Asia is needed to upgrade constantly while require customized cultural content in Europe and Oceania. There are spatial effects of Korean cultural content but the effect of Korean cultural content on Korean total exports not insignificatnt in the Miiddle East. So we need the marketing strategies to develop new product which is connected to Korean waves in the Middle East.

Amenities including natural and sociocultural resources have affected to regional economy development and income distribution. This study intends to analyze the correlation of natural amenities and sociocultural amenities, and clarify the influence between regional economy indicators and diverse amenities using OLS, SLM and SEM. For these purposes, this study chooses 17 natural and sociocultural amenities based on the literature reviews, and collects the statistical data of these amenities. The spatial analysis unit of this study is nationwide 146 Si and Gun except Gu areas of metropolitan city. The main results of this study show that the of SLM and SEM are higher than OLS because natural and sociocultural amenities are relevant to regional spaces and have spatial autocorrelation. In addition, both natural and sociocultural amenities have affected to the regional economy, therefore the policy makers of regions should adopt both amenities in order to boost the regional economy. In conclusion, it is suggested that further researches need to use additional spatial regression models considering diverse amenity resources.

본 연구는 2000년부터 2016년까지 16개 시도의 패널자료를 이용하여 이산화탄소 배출량 결정요인을 분석하였다. 특히 모형에서 공간의존성 존재 여부를 확인한 후, 공간패널모형 중 공간시차모형을 통해 설명변수의 직접효과, 간접효과 및 총효과를 추정하였다. 분석 결과, 1인당 GRDP 추정계수 부호를 통해 이산화탄소 배출량과 경제성장 간에 역U자 형의 환경 쿠즈네츠 가설이 존재함을 확인할 수 있었다. 인구밀도와 무역개방도, 제조업 비중 변수의 총효과 추정계수는 통계적으로 유의미하게 양(+)의 부호로 나타났다. 이것은 이산화탄소 배출 저감과 관련하여 인구분산 및 지역균형발전의 중요성을 시사하고, 친환경적 자원을 활용한 수출입 생산활동 및 저탄소 산업구조로의 개편이 병행된 경제성장 정책이 필요함을 시사한다. 도시화 변수의 총효과 추정계수는 음(-)의 부호로 나타났는데, 이는 일정 수준 이상의 도시화는 이산화탄소 배출량을 줄일 수 있음을 보여준다.

This study analyzes the determinants of carbon dioxide emissions using panel data of 16 cities and provinces in Korea from 2000 to 2016. In particular, after testing the existence of spatial dependence in the model, we estimate the direct, indirect, and total effects of the explanatory variables on carbon dioxide emissions with the spatial lag model. As a result, we confirm that there is an inverted U-shaped Kuznets hypothesis between CO2 emissions and economic growth. The estimated coefficients of total effect of population density, trade openness and manufacturing weight variables on carbon dioxide emissions are statistically significant with positive sign. This implies the importance of population dispersion and balanced regional development in relation to the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions. This also suggests that an economic growth policy combined with export and import production activities utilizing eco-friendly resources and restructuring into low-carbon industrial structures are necessary. The estimated coefficient of total effect of urbanization variables has negative sign which indicates that urbanization above a certain level can reduce carbon dioxide emissions.

In this article, the authors research on the effect of international mobility of talent impact on Chinese economic development based on nonlinear relationship. From the perspective of the heterogeneity of human capital, this article introduces brain drain into a production function and analyzes the relationship between brain drain and economic development of the home country, and this paper draws an conclusion that moderate brain drain enhance the economic development of home country, but the unlimited brain drain will weaken the home country’s production capacity. On the contrary, it will cause the loss of economic of the home country. On the other hand, this article use Chinese Provincial Panel Data during 1997-2014 to construct the indicators of brain drain, and then use dynamic semi-parametric spatial lag model to empirical test the above inference. And find that there is indeed optimal level of brain drain in our country, but the level of the eastern coastal provinces is too high which inhibit the economic development of this region. Therefore, develop differentiated brain drain policies for coastal and inland, be a reasonable guide to the transnational flow of talent is important to increase China's economic.

This research focused on the exercise of discretionary powers in relation to growth management based on a political market approach and identified cities’ spatial impact on growth management. Recent work has directed attention to how government institutions shape land use decisions. We build on this foundation by identifying variations in resource commitments to growth management in Florida cities based on financial data gathered from fiscal reports filed with the state comptroller. We apply a political market framework that focuses on the motivations of stakeholders who are demanders of more or less growth management activity, and government officials that are suppliers of planning and regulation. We address this framework through an empirical analysis of comprehensive planning expenditures of Florida cities that includes legislative as well as executive political institutions and controls for spatial autocorrelation with maximum likelihood estimation of a spatial lag model.