Earticle

This study examined the spatial characteristics of Starbox stores through exploratory factor analysis that discovers detailed spatial components based on the spatial experience experienced by visitors to Starbucks general stores. As a result of the analysis, a total of five factors were grouped and derived, and each factor was named as ‘culture/artistry’, ‘five senses/hospitality’, ‘behavior/psychology’, ‘taste/hardware’, and ‘lead/pandemic’. Through exploratory factor analysis based on the visitor's experience, the significance of this study was able to identify the cause of continuous visits to Starbucks stores and infer detailed components related to Starbucks' third place, which shows a commercialized space but differentiated place. This is a strategic projection of Starbucks' corporate philosophy and ideology into space and place, and it is judged that this positioning is perceived and experienced by the visitor group through five senses.It is judged that these attributes will be a very important space and place strategy for commercial real estate, especially retail real estate, which requires continuous visits. As a future research topic, the factors derived through exploratory factor analysis are independent variables, and it is necessary to measure dependent variables for visitor satisfaction and revisit intention, and to analyze visitors by group to examine the differences.nalyze visitors by group to examine the differences.

Accommodation facilities using traditional Korean houses have recently been highlighted at a time when value-added creation is required through differentiation of real estate, and hanok-style hotels, which are operated as lodging facilities by borrowing the exterior and design of hanok, have become a new lodging culture. This paper analyzes the characteristics of accommodation facilities utilizing the contents of traditional Korean houses, centering on Gyeongwonjae, a hanok lodging complex located in Songdo Free Economic Zone in Incheon, to identify what preference the spatial components of Hanok-type buildings appear to users, thereby contributing to the revitalization and expansion of Hanok-based accommodation functions in the future. Traditional Korean-style buildings provide unique beauty and comfort, but they are also inconvenient and have disadvantages, but they are being transformed into hanok-style accommodations that harmonize modern materials and appurtenant facilities, and factors are analyzed on the case of new accommodation trends and the preference for spatial components. Elements that give satisfaction to users of hanok hotels will be the main purpose of the paper, and the sustainability of hanok-style hotels based on traditional Korean architecture will become a type of more diverse residential culture in the future.

The aim of this paper is to look for the preferential difference between user and planner for exterior space components of co-housing. In order to do this the present study was carried out in the order of preceding studies, resident interviews, FGI, questionnaire survey, factor analysis, and AHP analysis. According to the results of AHP analysis, three implications were found. First, the space design should merge into consumer trends for health and community, because they can be strongly reflected in the exterior space configuration. Second, based on the consumer, a study on the exterior space of co-housing should start from identifying the reality of consumer needs and finding its components from the perspective of consumers. Third, users showed a significant difference by sex and age, and therefore gender and generation specific facilities should be considered.

We consider inertial navigation system (INS) sensor redundancy and propose a method which uses singular value decomposition to detect and isolate faults when even two sensors have faults simultaneously. When redundant sensor configuration is given, such as symmetric configuration in INS, the range space and null space of configuration matrix are determined. We use null space of configuration matrix and define 21 reference fault vectors which include 6 one-fault vectors and 15 two-fault vectors. Measurements are projected into null space of measurement matrix and compared with 21 normalized reference fault vectors, which determines fault detection and isolation.

Today, brands are transforming into a strategic structure which emphasize brand image more so that the product itself, and the brand identify that factors in personal preference and taste assume important positions. In particular, space where brand identify is factored in is increasingly in importance these days, which means that it is no longer about selling products themselves, but selling brand image. Accordingly, it is necessary to approach in a strategic manner when it comes to the space that factor in brand value in terms of selling brand image. Accordingly, this research examines the relationship between brand identity and space components through the space in coffee shops where brand identity is applied, to identify how indoor expression trend is utilized.

This work has the objective to analyze multibody mechanisms of inflatable structures for manned space applications. The focus is on the evaluation of the main characteristics of MaxFlex, a new module of MSC Adams including the effect of nonlinear flexible bodies. MaxFlex integrates the nonlinear Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of Nastran-SOL400-and the Adams multibody capabilities in one unique solver, providing an improvement concerning the concept and technology based on the co-simulation among solvers. MaxFlex converts the equations of motion of the nonlinear FEA into phase-space form and discretizes them according to the multibody system integrator framework. The numerical results deal with an inflatable manned space module having rigid components and a flexible coating made of Kevlar. This paper is a preliminary assessment of the computational capabilities of the software and does not provide realistic guidelines for the actual design of the structure. The analysis leads to some recommendations related to the main issues to consider in a nonlinear simulation including both rigid and flexible components. The results underline the importance of realistic deployment times and applied forces. Also, a proper structural modeling is necessary, but can lead to excessive computational overheads.

Objective: To determine the predictors of lympho-vascular space invasion (LVSI) in endometrial cancers which contain mucinous carcinomatous histology. Materials and Methods: Clinical and histopathological data of endometrial carcinomas with a mucinous carcinomatous component diagnosed between January 2007 and January 2014 at the Gynecologic Oncology Department of Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Results: Twelve patients (25.5%) were positive for LVSI and 35 (74.5%) patients were negative. Patients with LVSI were mostly staged higher than 1A. Mean age, BMI and parity were not significantly different between patient groups. Larger tumor diameter (${\geq}2cm$) (p=0.04) and elevated Ca125 and Ca-19.9 (p=0.01) levels were significant for predicting LVSI. We also found>1/2 myometrial invasion (p<0.001), cervical stromal involvement (p=0.002) and higher grade (2-3) (p=0.001) significant for predicting LVSI. In multivariate analysis we found only grade significant for predicting LVSI. Conclusions: Especially grade of tumor is a crucial factor for determining LVSI in endometrial cancers with mucinous carcinomatous components.

공간 마케팅의 궁극적인 목적이 기업의 이미지 정립을 위한 브랜드 아이덴티티 구축 및 긍정적인 브랜드 이미지 형성에 있다고 볼 수 있다. 일반적으로 플래그십 스토어는 상품의 진열 및 판매의 실용적인 목적을 기반으로 차별화된 공간 디자인을 통하여 브랜드 이미지를 극대화할 수 있다. 이러한 관점에서 본 연구는 럭셔리 브랜드의 플래그십 스토어 공간구성요소가 브랜드 이미지에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위하여 중국 상해 소재의 루이비통 플래그십 스토어를 대상으로 선정하여 사례분석과 해당 플래그십 스토어의 방문객을 대상으로 실증분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 방문객의 특성에 따라 공간구성요소 인식에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났는데, 성별은 여성, 연령은 20대와 30대, 직업은 회사원인 집단이 공간구성요소 인식이 상대적으로 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 럭셔리 플래그십 스토어의 공간구성요소가 브랜드 이미지에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 플래그십 스토어를 방문하는 목적이 제품 구매에 한정되어 있지 않음을 확인하였고, 대부분의 방문객이 해당 여가, 취미, 시간보내기 등을 목적으로 플래그십 스토어에 방문하는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 럭셔리 브랜드의 플래그십 스토어 공간 구성을 위해서는 방문객의 특성과 방문 목적을 고려하여 구성할 필요가 있다는 결과를 도출하였다.

The ultimate purpose of space marketing is to build a brand identity to establish the image of a company and to form a positive brand image. In general, flagship stores can maximize their brand image through differentiated space design based on the practical purpose of displaying and selling products. From this point of view, this study selected the Louis Vuitton flagship store in Shanghai, China, to analyze the impact of the luxury brand's flagship store spatial components on the brand image, and conducted a case analysis and an empirical analysis of visitors to the flagship store. Studies have shown that there are differences in the perception of spatial components depending on the characteristics of visitors, by gender, who are in their 20s and 30s, and whose jobs are office workers have a relatively high perception of spatial components. In addition, it was found that the spatial components of the luxury flagship store have a positive impact on the Brad image. This study confirmed that the purpose of visiting the flagship store was not limited to product purchase, and it was found that most visitors visit the flagship store for the purpose of leisure, hobbies, and spending time, and that the flagship store space for the luxury brand needs to be organized in consideration of the characteristics of visitors and the purpose of the visit.

The effects of low molecular weight components of LDPE and sample molding condition were investigated to find the orgins for heterocharge in LDPE without any addtives. Low molecular weight chains of LDPE encourages the formation of heterocharge by being charged and migrating the counter electrode. The formation of heteroohage in LDPE was also effected by sample preparation process and the kind of a moling film. When PET film is used as a molding layer, the carbonyl, which may lead to increase the heterocharge, formed at surface of LDPE.

This study aims to systematize the essential components for school forest space design guidelines by deriving school forest types and planning characteristics, and analyzing the current status of the surveyed school forests. First, based on an investigation of school forest types and the planning characteristics for each type, school forests can be classified into four types: Forest at the School Boundary, Forest Around the School Building, Forest Area in Part of the Playground, and Central Garden Forest. Additionally, a review of prior research to derive school forest planning characteristics revealed five key attributes: naturalness, functionality, accessibility, diversity, and safety. These characteristics were further broken down into detailed elements, establishing the components for school forest planning. Based on these planning components, field surveys were conducted at three high schools in Busan. The results indicated the need for various greening methods to create green spaces, relocation of certain facilities, calculation of the required number of facilities based on space size, circulation planning, and universal design. Therefore, it is concluded that the school forest space design guidelines can classify spaces based on the characteristics and utilization of each school forest type and propose detailed instructions for the planning components of school forests.

기술이 발전할수록 다양한 미디어 콘텐츠에서 공간의 중요성이 커진다. 이러한 점에 착안하여 본 연구는 <미생>이라는 웹툰과 프리퀄의 내용분석을 통하여 비주얼 구성요소의공간 개념을 분석하고 비교했다. 그 결과 웹툰과 프리퀄 모두에서 평면 공간이 가장 많이사용되었고 그 뒤를 이어 깊이 있는 공간을 주로 사용했다. 다음으로 웹툰은 모호한 공간이 주로 사용되고 제한적 공간은 아예 사용되지 않은 반면, 프리퀄은 제한적 공간이 세번째로 많이 사용되었고, 모호한 공간의 사용량이 가장 적었다. 아울러, 닫힌 공간과 열린공간의 분석에서는 웹툰과 프리퀄 모두 닫힌 공간만 사용한 것으로 나타났으며, 단지 웹툰이 스마트 미디어 환경에 제대로 적응하면 앞으로 열린 공간의 가능성이 많아진다는 것만 확인했다. 향후 이러한 연구가 지속적으로 수행되어 공간의 개념이 점차 확대 적용되고, 3차원이나 4차원의 영상물에도 적용가능한 이론적 토대가 되기를 기대해 본다.

As the technology advances, the more greater the importance of space in varietymedia contents. Focusing on this point of view, this study analyze and compare tothe concept of space in the visual components, through the content analysis ofwebtoons and prequel video in <Misaeng>. As results, both of webtoons andprequel video images, flat space used the most commonly. And the use of deepspace followed. In webtoons, ambiguous space used next, and limited space is not. But, in prequel video, limited space used next, and ambiguous space is the lowest. Also, there are no open spaces any more. If only webtoons had adapted well tothe smart media environments, the potential of open space will be larger or higher. I hope this kind of research will sustained in the future. Then, I’d like to theconcept of space expand to the 3 or 4 dimensions images.

연구 목적: 본 연구의 목적은 폐산업시설을 활용한 복합문화공간의 사례를 통해 특성을 살펴보았다. 연구 방법: 연구 방법은 케빈 린치의 도시 이미지를 구축하기 위한 5가지 요소[도로(path), 경계(edge), 지역(district), 집중점(node), 랜드마크(landmark)]를 활용하여 사례를 분석하였다. 연구 내용: 폐산업시설을 활용한 복합문화공간의 사례는 일본의 가나자와 시민예술촌(Kanazawa Citizen’s Art Center)과 아카렌가소고(Aka-Renga Soko)를 중심으로 공간별 특성을 파악하였다. 각 사례에서 보이는 5가지 요소의 유형을 정리하였다. 결론 및 제언: 폐산업시설을 활용한 복합문화공간에서 케빈 린치의 5요소가 존재하며 이들의 조합을 통해 공간의 시간적 연속성 및 장소성을 창출하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 본 논문은 폐산업시설을 활용한 복합문화공간계획을 위한 토대가 되었으면 한다.

The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of complex cultural spaces using abandoned industrial facilities. The method of study is a case analysis using five elements: Path, Edge, District, Node, and Landmark to build Kevin Lynch’s urban image. The complex cultural space using abandoned industrial facilities identified the characteristics of each space, focusing on the cases of Kanazawa Citizen’s Art Center and Aka-Renga Soko in Japan. The types of five elements shown in each case are summarized. It was found that Kevin Lynch’s five elements exist in the complex cultural space using abandoned industrial facilities, and the time spacial sequence and spacial placeability are created through their combination. In addition, this study is significant in that it can be a basis for planning a complex cultural space using abandoned industrial facilities.