Earticle

본 연구는 실용무용교육의 재개념화를 위한 탐색적 연구로써, 실용무용 연구의 동향 분석을 통해 용어의 개념 적 사용 실태를 파악하였다. 그리고 타 예술 영역인 실용음악 사례를 고찰하여 실용무용교육의 재개념화에 있 어 개념적 맥락에서 요구되는 사고의 틀과 시사점을 도출하였다. 첫째, 실용무용의 영역적 범위에 대한 사고의 틀 구축이 요구된다. 실용무용교육의 교과과정 편성에 있어 특성화된 세부지침을 마련하기 위해서는 실용무용 의 영역적 범위에 대한 사고의 틀 구축은 피할 수 없는 과정이다. 다음으로, 실용무용교육에 있어서 실용무용 관련 산업에 필요한 다양한 인력양성교육 및 세부 장르에 대한 사고의 틀 구축이 요구된다. 즉, 여러 형태의 장르들이 공존하고 있는 실용음악의 장르적 문제에 있어서 실용무용의 정체성 측면을 위한 심도 있는 고민이 필요하다.

This study is an exploratory study for the re-conceptualization of practical dance education, and the conceptual use status of the term was grasped through the analysis of trends in practical dance research. And by studying the practical music’s case, the other art field, the study derived the framework and implications of thoughts required in the conceptual context of the re-conceptualization of practical dance education. First, building mindset for territorial scope of practical dance is required. In order to prepare detailed guidelines specialized in the designing a curriculum of practical dance, building mindset for territorial scope of practical dance is inevitable. Second and lastly, building mindset for various human resources training and detailed genres necessary for industries related to practical dance in practical dance curriculum. In other words, in-depth consideration for identity of practical dance on the problem of practical music’s genre where various forms of genres co-exist is needed.

이 연구는 실천적 추론의 의미를 고찰하기 위해 실천적 추론의 배경이 되는 하버마스의 이론에 기 초하여 그 의미를 탐색하고, 그것이 실과교육에 주는 시사점을 찾고자 하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 첫째, 하버마스의 인식과 관심에 따른 세 행동체계는 실천적 문제 중심 교육과 정의 목표와 내용, 교수·학습 방법, 평가에까지 지대한 영향을 미치며 현재까지도 지속적인 연구가 이 루어지고 있다. 따라서, 앞으로 실과교육은 실과교과의 고유한 특성에 부합하는 철학적 탐색과 함께 그 철학이 학교 현장에서 적용 가능한 형태로 구현될 수 있도록 보다 구체적인 연구가 필요하다. 둘째, 이 연구에서 실과교육에서 실천의 의미가 하버마스의 의사소통적 실천으로 확대된 것을 알 수 있다. 하지만, 실과교과에서 실천의 의미는 시대의 변화와 요구에 따라 얼마든지 진화될 수 있으므로 실천에 대한 의미 탐색에 관한 연구는 앞으로도 계속되어야 한다. 셋째, 실천적 추론 탐구과정은 실과의 가정생활 영역과 가정과교육에서 문제해결을 위한 탐구과정 과 교수·학습 방법을 제시하고 있다. 하지만, 실과교육의 탐구방법으로 제시된 노작 활동에 대하여 아 직은 구체적인 탐구과정과 교수·학습 방법의 연구가 부족한 실정이다. 따라서, 실과교육에서 가정생활 영역뿐만 아니라, 기술과 가정의 영역을 두루 통합하여 활용할 수 있는 노작 활동에 대해 보다 구체적 인 탐구과정과 교수·학습 방법의 연구가 필요하다.

In order to examine the meaning of practical reasoning, this study sought to explore its meaning based on Habermas's theory, which serves as the background of practical reasoning, and find its implications for Practical Arts Education. To summarize the research results, Firstly, three systems of action due to the awareness and interest noted by Habermas, greatly influence the goals and contents of practical problem-based educational courses, teaching and learning methods, and even evaluation, and continued research is being conducted up to date. Accordingly, in the Practical Arts courses, philosophical inquiry that accords with the unique characteristics of Practical Arts courses and more specific research are required so that the philosophy is able to be implemented in a form applicable to school fields. Secondly, this study presents that the meaning of practice in the education of Practical Arts courses has been expanded to Habermas's communicative practice. However, the meaning of practice in the Practical Arts courses is able to evolve as much as necessary according to changes and demands of the times, research on inquiry of the meaning of practice is required to be conducted in the future. Thirdly, the practical reasoning inquiry process shows an inquiry process and teaching and learning methods for problem-solving in the home life area of Practical Arts courses and in the education of Home Economics courses. However, for labor activities shown as an inquiry way in the Practical Arts courses, there is still insufficient research on specific inquiry processes and teaching and learning methods. Consequently, more specific inquiry processes for and research on teaching and learning methods for labor activities are required as labor activities can be used by integrating not only the areas of home life but also the areas of technology and home in Practical Arts courses.

본 연구에서 제안하는 암호화 모듈 품질평가 체계는 ISO/IEC 9000 품질체계를 참조하여 Quality, Quality Factor, Quality Subfactor, Metric로 계층화된다. 암호화 알고리즘 실무적용 프로세스는 암호화 알고리즘 장단점 진단을 기초로 하여 암호화자산 평가, 알고리즘선택 포인트 분석, 품질 항목(quality factor) 도출, 제약조건도출, 암호모듈 품질평가체계 설계 등 5개단계로 설정한다. 이 5개 단계는 현장중심의 암호화 작업사례를 진단하여 업무에서 가 장 필수적으로 수행되어야 할 작업순서를 도출한 것 이다. 2-Factor간 연계지표는 암호화 모듈의 품질항목(qualit y factor)을 발굴하고 이 품질 항목을 확보하는 환경인 암호화 작업의 제약조건 두가지 영역이다. 본 연구는 암호 화 모듈 실무현장 적용체계를 하나의 표준화 모델로 제시한다. 우리는 정보기술 환경의 급속한 변화에 부응하여 암호화 알고리즘 개발과 현장 적용 모델을 다양하게 개발하므로서 암호화의 효율을 기대할 수 있을 것 이다.

In this study, we propose a cryptographic module quality evaluation system referenced by ISO/IEC 9000 quality syst em with Quality, Quality Factor, Quality Subfactor, Metric. Practical application process encryption algorithm based o n the encryption algorithm to encrypt the pros and cons valuation of diagnosis, point selection algorithm, analysis, an d quality items(quality factor), eliciting constraints derived, such as the cryptographic module design quality evaluati on system is set to step 5. The five steps are examples of field-based diagnostic tool for cryptographic operations, t he most essential work to be done in order to derive one will work. 2-Factor encryption module for connection betw een indicator items(quality factor) to identify and ensure the quality of the item the constraints of the environment a re two kinds of cryptographic operations. This study is an encryption module and a practical field application syste m, it presents the standardized model. We have to meet the rapid changes in information technology. The environme nt, development and the encryption algorithm applied to model a wide variety of on-site development encryption will be able to expect the efficiency.

OA 논문이 증가하는 상황에서 개별 연구자의 연구 성과 유통이 얼마나 개방적인지를 지수화하는 POI(Practical Openness Index)가 등장하였다. 본 연구는 국내 문헌정보학 연구자들이 국제학술지에 출판한 논문을 대상으로 OA 여부와 방식을 조사하고 연구자 단위의 POI를 도출해 지수의 분포를 살펴보았다. 또한 연구자의 세부 연구 분야나 국제 협력 활동이 개방성에 관련성을 보이는지 분석하였다. 그 결과 Unpaywall을 통해 정상적으로 OA 여부와 방식이 식별된 논문은 82명 연구자의 492건으로 나타났으며, 20.7%의 논문만이 공개되어 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 두 번째, 골드 OA 방식의 공개 논문은 의학 분야 저널에 수록된 텍스트마이닝 분야 논문이 많았으며, 그린 OA방식으로 공개된 논문은 외국인 공동저자 소속 기관의 리포지터리나 PMC와 같은 초국가적 주제 리포지터리에서 공개되고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 세 번째, POI 지수는 절반 가량의 연구자가 0으로 나타났으나, 계량정보학, 기계학습 및 지식처리 영역의 연구자들에게서 상대적으로 높게 나타났다. 또한 연구자의 해외공동연구 활동이 논문 공개와 관련성이 있는 것으로 분석되었다.

In a situation where OA papers are increasing, POI, which indexes how open the research activities of individual researchers are, is drawing attention. This study investigated the existence of OA papers and the OA method published in international academic journals by domestic LIS researchers, and derived the researchers’ POI based on this. In addition, by examining the relationship between the POI index and the researcher’s amount of research papers, the research sub field, and the foreign co-authors, it was analyzed whether these factors are relevant to the researcher’s POI. As a result, there were 492 papers by 82 researchers whose OA status and method were normally identified through Unpaywall. Second, only 20.7% of papers published in international journals were open accessed, and almost cases were gold and green methods. Third, there were many papers in text mining in medical journals, and the papers opened in the green method are open in institutional repositories of foreign co-authors or transnational subject repositories such as PMC. Third, the POI index was relatively higher for researchers in the field of informetrics, machine learning than other fields. In addition, it was analyzed that the presence or absence of overseas co-authors is related to OA.

TCS_SHA-3 is a family of four cryptographic hash functions that are covered by a United States patent (US 2009/0262925). The digest sizes are 224, 256, 384 and 512 bits. The hash functions use bijective functions in place of the standard compression functions. In this paper we describe first and second preimage attacks on the full hash functions. The second preimage attack requires negligible time and the first preimage attack requires $O(2^{36})$ time. In addition to these attacks, we also present a negligible time second preimage attack on a strengthened variant of the TCS_SHA-3. All the attacks have negligible memory requirements. To the best of our knowledge, there is no prior cryptanalysis of any member of the TCS_SHA-3 family in the literature.

This paper describes the problem of ultraprecision positioning with a ball screw mechanism in the microdynamic range, along with its solution. We compared the characteristics of two ball screw mechanisms with different table masses. The experimental results showed that the vibration resulting from the low stiffness of the ball screw degraded the positioning performance in the microdynamic range for the heavyweight mechanism. The proposed nominal characteristic trajectory following (NCTF) controller was designed for ultra precision positioning of the ball screw mechanism. The basic NCTF control system achieved ultra precision positioning performance with the lightweight mechanism, but not with the heavyweight mechanism. A conditional notch filter was added to the NCTF controller to overcome this problem. Despite the differences in payload and friction, both mechanisms then showed similar positioning performance, demonstrating the high robustness and effectiveness of the improved NCTF controller with the conditional notch filter. The experimental results demonstrated that the improved NCTF control system with the conditional notch filter achieved ultra precision positioning with a positioning accuracy of better than 10 nm, independent of the reference step input height.

In order to understand the machanism of action and regulation of ${\beta}$-adrenergic receptor in terms of molecular level, the purification of receptor protein has a fundamental importance. Moreover, species differences among avian, amphibian and mammalian ${\beta}$-adrenergic receptors make it more important to purify mammalian ${\beta}$-adrenergic receptor. Because ${\beta}$-adrenergic receptor is an integral membrane protein, it must be solubilized from the membrane for the purification. The purpose of the present study was to solubilize and characterize the mammalian $\beta$-adrenergic receptor from guinea pig lung in quantities by more efficient and practical method eventually to purify receptor. Guinea pig lung membrane preparation was solubilized by sequential treatment of buffers containing low and high concentration of digitonin which are 0.2 and 1.2% respectively. About 50% of the total receptor pool was released by this double extraction procedure. The $\beta$-adrenoceptors in the digitonin extract were identified using the ${\beta}$-adrenergic antagonist, (-)-[$^3H$]-dihydroalprenolol ([$^3H$]DHA). The solubilized receptor retained all of the essential characteristics of membrane-bound receptor, namely saturability; stereoselectivity; high affinity to ${\beta}$-adrenergic drugs. For the measurement of soluble receptor activity, Sephadex G-50 chromatography method has been widely used. Inspite of its accuracy and wide acceptance, this technique employed troublesome column work which required long time to assay the activity of receptor. We employed another methods to measure receptor activity. When using 0.5% polyethylenimine pretreated GF/B glass fiber filter, filtration technique could be used to measure soluble receptor activity. This technique enabled us to reduce the total amount of time to assay by a factor of 4 as well as to detect soluble receptor. In the present study, we could establish more efficient and practical solubilization method of mammalian $\beta$-adrenergic receptor. The rapidity and high yield of this solubilization scheme, together with the favorable recovery of the receptor activity, are significant steps toward the ultimate purification of the mammalian $\beta$-adrenergic receptor. The result of this study together with more convenient purification method could provide large amount of purified receptor with ease for various research purposes.

In the present article the relationship between machine learning and medicine is reviewed, in order to assess the potential for the practical use of machine learning for diagnosis and therapy advice. The considerations built herein are particularly suitable for oncology, in which early diagnostics is particularly important for the success of treatments, and therapy is often based on chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which have harmful side effects.

Scoping reviews are a useful approach to synthesizing research evidence although the objectives and methods are different to that of systematic reviews, yet some confusion persists around how to plan and prepare so that a completed scoping review complies with best practice in methods and meets international standards for reporting criteria. This paper describes how to use available guidance to ensure a scoping review project meets global standards, has transparency of methods and promotes readability though the use of innovative approaches to data analysis and presentation. We address some of the common issues such as which projects are more suited to systematic reviews, how to avoid an inadequate search and/or poorly reported search strategy, poorly described methods and lack of transparency, and the issue of how to plan and present results that are clear, visually compelling and accessible to readers. Effective pre-planning, adhering to protocol and detailed consideration of how the results data will be communicated to the readership are critical. The aim of this article is to provide clarity about what is meant by conceptual clarity and how pre-planning enables review authors to produce scoping reviews which are of high quality, reliability and readily publishable.

Objective To develop a quantitative and organ-specific practical test for the diagnosis and treatment of dysphagia based on assessment of stroke patients. Methods An initial test composed of 24 items was designed to evaluate the function of the organs involved in swallowing. The grading system of the initial test was based on the analysis of 50 normal adults. The initial test was performed in 52 stroke patients with clinical symptoms of dysphagia. Aspiration was measured via a videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS). The odds ratio was obtained to evaluate the correlation between each item in the initial test and the VFSS. A polychotomous linear logistic model was used to select the final test items. Results Eighteen of 24 initial items were selected as significant for the final tests. These 18 showed high initial validity and reliability. The Spearman correlation coefficient for the total score of the test and functional dysphagia scale was 0.96 (p<0.001), indicating a statistically significant positive correlation. Conclusion This study was carried out to design a quantitative and organ-specific test that assesses the causes of dysphagia in stroke patients; therefore, this test is considered very useful and highly applicable to the diagnosis and treatment of dysphagia.

본 연구에서는 조류에서 종 특이적인 DNA 염기서열변이를 검증하기 위하여 닭, 꿩, 칠면조, 메추리의 immunoglobulin light chain constant domain 유전자를 클로닝하여 DNA염기서열을 분석하였다. 종간에 구별이 가능한 DNA 염기서열변이가 위의 유전자에서 관찰되었다. PCR을 이용하여 종을 구별하기 위하여 종 사이에 특이적인 DNA 염기서열 부위에 한 쌍의 종 특이적인 프라이머를 제작하였다. 또한 비교실험을 위하여 이미 알려진 cytochrome b와 tapasin 유전자에서도 두 쌍의 종 특이적 프라이머를 제작하였다. PCR결과 세 쌍의 프라이머 모두 종 특이적으로 DNA를 증폭하였다. Immunoglobulin 유전자의 염기서열 변이를 이용한 종 특이적인 PCR 방법은 조류의 유전자원 보존을 위한 이종간 카이메라 연구에 유용하게 이용될 수 있을 것이다.

Species-specific polymorphisms in chicken, pheasant, turkey, and quail were identified by cloning and sequencing of the immunoglobulin constant domain (IgLC). A set of species-specific primers were then designed on the basis of polymorphisms in the IgLC between species, as well as two additional sets of primers for the cytochrome b and tapasin genes, for the purpose of species identification. Together, the primers successfully distinguished specific species from chicken by species-specific PCR. This simple but unambiguous method may be used to screen avian inter-species germline chimeras, which are valuable models for the conservation of endangered species.

Deep learning techniques provide powerful solutions to several pattern-recognition problems, including Raman spectral classification. However, these networks require large amounts of labeled data to perform well. Labeled data, which are typically obtained in a laboratory, can potentially be alleviated by data augmentation. This study investigated various data augmentation techniques and applied multiple deep learning methods to Raman spectral classification. Raman spectra yield fingerprint-like information about chemical compositions, but are prone to noise when the particles of the material are small. Five augmentation models were investigated to build robust deep learning classifiers: weighted sums of spectral signals, imitated chemical backgrounds, extended multiplicative signal augmentation, and generated Gaussian and Poisson-distributed noise. We compared the performance of nine state-of-the-art convolutional neural networks with all the augmentation techniques. The LeNet5 models with background noise augmentation yielded the highest accuracy when tested on real-world Raman spectral classification at 88.33% accuracy. A class activation map of the model was generated to provide a qualitative observation of the results.

While conventional business administration-based information technology management methods are applied to the risk analysis of information systems, no security risk analysis techniques have been used in relation to information protection. In particular, given the rapid diffusion of information systems and the demand for information protection, it is vital to develop security risk analysis techniques. Therefore, this paper will suggest an ideal risk analysis process for information systems. To prove the usefulness of this security risk analysis process, this paper will show the results of managed, physical and technical security risk analysis that are derived from investigating and analyzing the conventional information protection items of an information system.

Diagnosis and repair tasks of an unbalanced rigid rotor reduce the chances of unexpected failure and the consequent losses in production, time, and money. This paper presents investigation of a balancing system for equilibration of rigid rotor unbalance. A practical vibration signal based method is developed for unbalance diagnosis using wavelet technology and a Lissajous diagram. This paper shows that a mass unbalance can be efficiently estimated through an appropriate narrow-band filter used to extract the required spectra component. The wavelet technology is used to design specified narrow filter bank. A modified Lissajous diagram is also introduced with statistical analysis to compute the phase position. Several experimental tests demonstrate the effectiveness in balancing the mass unbalance of a rigid rotor.

Peer review is the cornerstone of scientific publishing, with its main objective being to enhance the quality and reliability of manuscripts. After an initial editorial review, meritorious manuscripts typically undergo external peer review, which assists editors in deciding whether to accept, reject, or request revisions. Authors must accurately interpret the type and extent of revisions requested?whether minor or major?and tailor their responses accordingly. A systematic approach is recommended, classifying comments as favorable, minor, or major, and addressing each with clarity, diligence, and appreciation. All responses should comply with the journal’s instructions and formatting guidelines. They should be concise, clear, and gender-neutral. When major revisions are requested, authors should balance the feasibility of completing the revisions against the likelihood of acceptance. If specific comments cannot be implemented or addressed, authors must provide well-reasoned explanations for refuting the reviewer’s requests. Special circumstances, such as unclear, rude, or ethically concerning comments, should be handled carefully, ideally with editorial guidance. Questions concerning data accuracy or study novelty must be addressed meticulously. A respectful, transparent, and well-organized response to reviewers ultimately increases the likelihood of manuscript acceptance.

In this paper, we propose a novel federated learning framework named FedHM that aims to address the challenge of training models on heterogeneous devices with varying architectures. Our approach enables the collaborative training of diverse local models by sharing a fully convolutional network (FCN) architecture that effectively extracts the local-to-global representations. By leveraging the weights with respect to this abstraction as common information across different DNN architectures, FedHM achieves efficient federated learning with minimal computational and communication overhead. We compare FedHM with three federated learning frameworks using two datasets for image classification tasks. Our results show that FedHM achieves high accuracy with considerably lower computational and communication costs compared to the other frameworks.

Purpose : The demand for skilled critical care nurses and the significant impact of the practice-readiness gap underscore the need for educational programs bridging nursing education and clinical practice. This would ensure safe, high-quality patient care and a stable workforce. This study aimed to explore the educational needs of critical care nurses to develop an essential nursing education program for nursing students, addressing the practice-readiness gap they may encounter as new nurses. Methods : The study espoused a qualitative approach by utilizing focus group interviews conducted in South Korea in April and May 2022. A total of 11 nurses participated in the study. Data were collected from three focus groups, each consisting of three to four nurses from intensive care units. Focus group interviews were conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire. Content analysis was performed on the interview data using thematic analysis. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the institutional review board. Results : Nursing education programs in intensive care units should prioritize fundamental nursing competencies such as basic nursing and physical examinations. Participants' critical care nursing education needs were categorized into four main themes: holistic nursing competency, advancement of practical education, skilled communication, and systematic critical care nursing education. Conclusion : The study's findings provide valuable insights and guidelines for developing critical and intensive care nursing education programs tailored for nursing students.

The demand for reflective-mode pulse oximetry to monitor oxygen saturation has been continuously increasing because it can be used at diverse measurement sites such as the feet, forehead, chest, and wrists. For the wrists, in particular, pulse oximeters are easily available in the form of a band or watch. In this study, we developed a reflectance pulse oximeter and used it to measure oxygen saturation levels at the fingertips and the wrist. We analyzed the performance of this oximeter to address the challenges and limitations associated with using reflective-mode oximeters at the wrist for clinical purposes.