Earticle

This study uses the concept of dominant design to identify the determinants for the emergence of a next-generation dominant electronic display. It employs multiple research methods with the participation of display experts, which combine case studies, an unstructured interview, and the Delphi method. The results show that based on technological innovation and market dominance, a next-generation dominant display is more likely to emerge as a result of technological competition between liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The findings emphasize that the importance of rapid technological innovation, including component and process innovations, and a competitive edge in manufacturing costs are important. The study sheds light on our understanding of dominance in an industry and market, and also provides strategic guidance for practitioners to establish a competitive strategy.

MANET 환경에서 가장 중요시되는 것은 여러 장비간의 신뢰성 있는 통신이다. 이를 위해 다양 한 멀티 홉 라우팅 프로토콜 연구가 진행되어 왔다. 하지만 기존의 Link State Routing 기법은 현재 의 MIMC 환경에서 Control Message Overhead를 증가시키는 단점 및 노드가 이동할 때 안정적이 지 않은 문제점이 있다. 본 논문은 Control Message Overhead를 감소시키기 위한 방안으로 Ondemand Hello를 사용한 기법, Broadcast Interface의 최적화를 이용한 기법을 제시한다. 또한 노드 가 이동할 때 안정적인 통신을 위한 방안으로 노드의 이동성을 고려한 MPR 선정기법, 위치정보를 활 용한 빠른 경로 복구기법을 제시한다. 제시한 라우팅 프로토콜과 OPNET 기반의 시뮬레이터 결과는 관련 분야 연구에 비교 대상으로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

The most critical research issue in MANET environment is on supporting reliable communication between various devices. Various Multi-Hop Routing Protocol studies have proceeded. However, several problems like causing instabilities when node shifts and increasing Control Message Overhead in current MIMC environment have been found with the original Link State Routing technique. This essay offers a technique which is based on On-Demand Hello and the other technique which used Broadcast Interface of optimization as a solution to decrease Control Message Overhead. Also it proposes Quick Route Restoration technique which is utilized by GPS and MPR Selection technique which consider mobility as a solution of stable communication when node moves. Those offered Routing Protocol and OPNET based simulator result will be expected to be an excellent comparison in related research fields.

For the matter of elevator, one of the multi-use facilities for unspecified public, the JIS has re-established and reformed to apply to the environment in South Korea for the past 20 years. In the aspect of safety assurance, it was inevitable to suggest improved measures. The government, Ministry of Public Administration and Security has secured the safety by enhancing the safety management functions in the elevator inspection standards and expanding its safety device measures. Further, the international inspection standard has been introduced, which is about unifying inspection standard system into the international standard code. In March 14th 2012, the international standard (EN) has been amended and fully announced. Escalator and passenger conveyor among lift devices have several common danger factor that cause safety accident. First, the accident caused by decreased braking power of brake. Second, the accident caused by the rate difference between handrail and tread-board. Third, the accident caused by defects of contraflow preventing device or carelessness inspection. Fourth, the accident caused by wet tread-board or wet floor of platform which makes passenger slip and fall. As the improvements to prevent and reduce these negligent accidents, the inspection list to check and methods should be subdivided and applied for each accident likelihood cause for safety management enhancement and safety assurance of existing escalator and passenger conveyors. The escalators and passenger conveyors without safety devices in existence should be obliged to modify the part of the system or install additional safety device. With making these measures obligations, it requires to improve the system to be suitable for the international inspection standard and to have measures to prevent safety accidents. It also needs to arrange improvements for skid accident of tread-board by the external environment factors such as snow and rain.

Teaching ability of aerobics is crucial to the development of aerobics athletes. It is also an effective way to evaluate the qualification of an aerobics coach. Aerobics teaching has many limitations. Current evaluation model of teaching ability of aerobics is far from complete. Thus, this paper proposes an optimized evaluation method and model of teaching ability of aerobics based on multiple intelligence theory. It constructs an evaluation index system of teaching ability of aerobics, taking into account aerobics teaching design, teaching implementation and teaching effective. Indicators are assigned weight. By analyzing the grey correlation degree between different indicators of teaching ability of aerobics and the optimal indicator, we can get the evaluation result for teaching ability of aerobics. An empirical study proves that the evaluation method has efficacy.

Purpose This study examined research trends, the composition of research participants, and data collection methods In empirical studies that used the term “severe and multiple disabilities” in Korea from 2014 to 2025 Method A search of RISS, DBpia, and KCI using “중도중복장애” identified 423 records, with 23 empirical studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Studies were coded by research design, participant characteristics, participation structure, response characteristics, and data-provision methods. Results Publication output peaked in 2024, and most studies focused on school-age students in school settings. Fourteen studies used student-only participation, while nine included caregivers, teachers, therapists, or peers as co-participants. Among 90 students, response characteristics were identifiable for 47 but insufficiently reported for 43. Regarding disability composition, 35 students met the operational definition, 37 lacked specific characteristics, and 18 showed a discrepancy between the term used and the reported characteristics. Conclusion Korean empirical studies on students with severe and multiple disabilities were concentrated in school-based contexts, and insufficient reporting of response characteristics limited the interpretation of participation structures. Future studies should standardize key reporting items, distinguish participation designs, and use multi-informant strategies when proxy reports are used.