Earticle

The development of modern society is intricately linked to data, which is regarded as a crucial resource for social and economic progress. The global push for government data transparency has garnered significant attention, with numerous countries actively promoting its utilization. In line with this trend, the Korean government has sought to improve public services through enhanced data accessibility. However, few companies are utilizing open government data (OGD). Thus, this study investigates the factors contributing to OGD adoption hesitancy by examining the perspectives of two primary stakeholder groups: the government and companies. Using social representation theory, we analyze news articles to reveal company perspectives and identify their reluctance to use OGD. The findings reveal 15 key thematic categories, highlighting significant differences in stakeholder perceptions. By exploring and comparing government and company perspectives, this study provides insights into the underutilization of OGD and proposes practical strategies to enhance its adoption. These recommendations are essential for effectively formulating and implementing policies, fostering greater business engagement, and driving economic innovation and growth.

한국의 노인(65세 이상) 자살 문제는 점차 심각해지고 있는 추세이다. 급격한 인구 고령화 흐름에 따라 이러한 고령층의 자살 추세가 더욱 가속화될 것으로 추정되고 있어, 노인 자살을 예방하고 감소시키는 것이 개인 뿐만 아니라 중요한 사회적 과제로 대두되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 한국 노인들을 대상으로 자살 생각의 원인 요인을 파악하고 예측 모델을 개발하는 것을 목적 한다. 본 연구는 한국복지패널조사에서 제공하는 7개년의 패널 데이터를 활용하였으며 자살의 대인 관계 이론(interpersonal theory of suicide)과 사회 해체 이론(social disorganization theory)을 바탕으로 노인 자살의 잠재 원인 요인들을 선정한다. 다음으로 노인의 자살 생각에 대한 원인 요인 파악을 위해 패널 로짓 모형 분석을 진행하고 노인 자살 생각의 예측 모델 개발을 위해 딥 러닝과 머신 러닝 알고리즘을 활용한다. 본 연구는 계량 모형 분석을 통해 검증한 주요 원인 요인들을 활용하여 노인 자살을 예방할 수 있는 구체적인 노인 복지 정책 수립에 기여하고자 한다. 본 연구에서 제시된 예측 모델은 자살 고위험군 노인을 선별하고 관리할 수 있는 방안 마련의 기반을 제공한다. 또한 본 연구는 혼합방법론의 시너지를 보였다는 점에서 학술적 시사점을 가진다.

Elderly suicide problem has become worse in South Korea. With a rapid aging of the population, the trend of suicide among the elderly is expected to accelerate, preventing elderly suicide has been considered an important societal problem. Thus, we aim to investigate various factors that explain suicidal ideation and to develop a predictive model for suicidal ideation in the context of elderly people in South Korea. To this end, this study contributes to addressing the elderly suicide problem. By using seven-year panel data from the Korea Welfare Panel Survey, we extract various potential causal factors for elderly suicidal ideation based on interpersonal theory of suicide and social disorganization theory. Then a panel logit model was employed to assess the impacts of potential factors on suicidal ideation and deep learning and machine learning algorithms were used to develop a predictive model for suicidal ideation of elderly people. The results of our study provide practical implications for preventing elderly suicide by identifying causal factors of suicidal ideation and a high suicidal risk group of the elderly. This study sheds light on synergy of mixed methodology and provides various academic implications.

본 연구의 목적은 SMART 혁신교수법을 통해 2019년 발생한 코로나 바이러스 감염증(이하 COVID-19) 으로 인하여 달라진 교육환경에서 교수자들과 학습자들의 스마트러닝 경험과 향후 미래 역량강화를 위한 기초자료를 제공하는 데에 있다. 연구 방법은 양적연구와 질적연구를 혼합한 Mixed method로, C대학교에 재학 중인 학생들 중 본 연구의 참여에 동의한 스마트러닝 학습자 총 503명이다. 그 중 15명의 학습자와 15인의 교수자를 대상으로 질적 연구 방법인 심층 면담을 통하여 자료를 수집하였고 Colaizzi의 현상학적 연구분석방법에 근거하여 자료를 분석하였다. 본 연구결과 학습동기는 스마트러 닝 적용 후 3.18 ± 0.22에서 3.98 ± 0.22점으로 증가하였고, 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 있었다(t = 16.28, p < .001). 스마트러닝의 경험에 대한 질적 분석결과 4개의 범주와 10개의 주제 모음, 26개의 주제가 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 학습자와 교수자 간 디지털 기기 사용의 격차를 줄이고 학습자의 눈높이에 맞는 맞춤형 교수학습법이 개발, 적용되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for future competency reinforcement after confirming whether instructors and learners experience smart learning and learners have core competencies such as creativity, collaboration ability and convergent thinking in the educational environment changed due to COVID-19. The research method was a Mixed method, combination of quantitative research and qualitative research. 503 students from freshmen to seniors enrolled in “C” college participated from September 01 to December 04, 2020. We analyzed the data based on Colaizzi’s phenomenological research method. We found that learning motivation increased, after applying smart learning, which is statistically significant (t=16.28, p<.001). Self-directed learning ability and self-efficacy increased from 3.21 ± 0.32 to 4.01 ± 0.22, which was also statistically significant (t+21.03, p<.001). Pessimistic thinking tendencies increased from 3.14 ± 0.21 to 3.24 ± 0.19, but there was no statistical significance (t=-.93, p=.259). As a result of qualitative analysis of the experience of smart learning, we found 10 themes and 4 theme clusters. Based on the results, we like to say that we should reduce the gap in the use of digital devices between learners and instructors.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting nursing students' learning flow in COVID- 19 pandemic situations through mixed-method research. Method: Of the 245 nursing students participating in the survey, 20 participated in a focus group interview. Quantitative data were analyzed using stepwise multiple regression analysis. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. Results: The factors affecting the learning flow of nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic were their self-regulated learning ability (b ¼ .24, p ¼ .001); learning motivation (b ¼ .23, p ¼ .001); selfefficacy in clinical practice (b ¼ .14, p ¼ .014); and lecture type, or a mixture of recorded and realtime video lectures (b ¼ .13, p ¼ .022). As a result of the qualitative study, eight categories and 22 subcategories were derived. The eight categories are: a lack of preparation in the starting of virtual classes, adapting and growing in a new learning environment, enhancing nursing knowledge and skills through virtual clinical training, self-regulation difficulties when studying alone due to social distancing, difficulty concentrating when learning online, disadvantages of virtual learning, concerns about academic performance, and missing opportunities to enjoy college life. Conclusion: Students attempted to discover their own learning expertise through virtual learning while concerned that they would be unable to fully establish their competence to work as actual hospital nurses due to a lack of clinical practice. In such a learning environment, systematic support and strategies are needed to increase the learning flow of nursing students.

Abstract A series of permeability tests was performed on the mixtures with specific mixing rates of sand and bentonite using modified rigid-wall permeameter. Sand-bentonite mixtures were permeated by organics, ethanol and TCE. Permeability of bentonite with several mixing rates had a tendency to decrease up to initial one pore volume and permeability was thereafter converged to a constant value. When sand-bentonite mixtures was permeated by water, permeability was decreased at the beginning but it was thereafter converged to a constant. Among several mixing rates, permeability was greatly decreased at 15% of mixing rate. When sand-bentonite mixtures with 15% mixing rate was permeated by ethanol, permeability was about 10 times larger value than permeability of water. Peameability was shown greater values when permeated by TCE (TrichloroEthylene) followed by ethanol. Suitable mixing rate of sand-bentonite for a liner of waste landfills was detected.

Images are unavoidably contaminated with different types of noise during the processes of image acquisition and transmission. The main forms of noise are impulse noise (is also called salt and pepper noise) and Gaussian noise. In this paper, an effective method of removing mixed noise from images is proposed. In general, different types of denoising methods are designed for different types of noise; for example, the median filter displays good performance in removing impulse noise, and the wavelet denoising algorithm displays good performance in removing Gaussian noise. However, images are affected by more than one type of noise in many cases. To reduce both impulse noise and Gaussian noise, this paper proposes a denoising method that combines adaptive median filtering (AMF) based on impulse noise detection with the wavelet threshold denoising method based on a Gaussian mixture model (GMM). The simulation results show that the proposed method achieves much better denoising performance than the median filter or the wavelet denoising method for images contaminated with mixed noise.

The propagation of a mixed-mode crack in soda-lime silica glass is modeled by movable cellular automata (MCA). In this model, a special fracture criterion is used to describe the process of crack initiation and propagation. The results obtained using the MCA criterion are compared to those obtained from other crack initiation criteria, The crack resistance curves and bifurcation angles are determined for various loading angles. The MCA results are in close agreement with results obtained using the maximum circumferential tensile stress criterion.

This study aimed to evaluate the agreement between a two-step in vitro digestion procedure and in vivo apparent total tract digestibility across three life stages in mixed-breed dogs. Eighteen dogs were divided into three groups: puppies (n = 6; < 1 year; initial body weight [iBW]: 10.68 ± 1.55 kg), adults (n = 6; 2?7 years; iBW: 8.34 ± 0.38 kg), and seniors (n = 6; > 8 years; iBW: 8.87 ± 0.98 kg). An extruded diet based on oat, turkey, and chicken breast meal was used for both in vitro and in vivo digestibility determinations of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, gross energy, crude fiber, and ether extract. In vitro digestibility values were consistently higher than in vivo values across all nutrients and life stages (p < 0.05). Linear regression revealed strong in vitro?in vivo agreement for gross energy across all life stages (r² = 0.87?0.98), for organic matter in adult dogs (r² = 0.96), and for ether extract and dry matter in senior dogs (r² = 0.91?0.93), as well as for crude fiber in puppies and adults (r² = 0.85?0.87) and for ether extract in puppies (r² = 0.91), whereas agreement was weaker for crude protein across life stages (r² = 0.55?0.66) and for organic matter in puppies (r² = 0.40). These findings indicate that the two-step in vitro digestion method can serve as a practical screening tool for energy and macronutrient digestibility in mixed-breed dogs of the body-size range studied here, with predictive accuracy that depends on both the nutrient and the life stage.

Providing services using kiosks is actively carried out between suppliers and consumers. These service processes have recently begun to play a dominant role in transactions. However, previous self-service technology (SST) studies or kiosks have not fully reflected the changing environment surrounding these different technologies. To cover the updated business environments, we combined qualitative and quantitative research methods. Through qualitative research and a review of previous studies, the variables emphasized as motivations and constraints for kiosks use and those that can be newly illuminated were selected for this study. We then applied the variables to the research model to assess their influence. In terms of the motivations for using kiosks, the results suggest that perceived usefulness and compatibility as service quality, forced use, and perceived service providers’ efficiency as provider polices, absorptive capacity, and habit as an individual characteristic and social influence as a subjective norm have a significant effect on the attitude toward kiosks. In terms of constraints, difficult to use and need for interaction predicts the attitude toward kiosks. Attitude toward kiosks, perceived behavioral control, and social influence are directly related to the intention to use kiosks. Lastly, intention to use kiosks plays a significant role as an antecedent of revisit intention. Using these empirical results, we propose both academic and practical implications for future kiosks use.

본 연구는 장애인조직생활능력에 관한 고용주인식이 고용만족도에 미치는 영향을 파악하고, 이 관계안에서 특히 조직몰입의 매개효과와 교육훈련지원의 조절효과를 검증하는 것이다. 이 연구는 통합방법론을 적용하여 양적조사와 질적조사를 병행하였다. 양적조사는 ‘기업체장애인고용실태조사(2014)’ 데이터 4,337개를 연구에 맞게 재구성하여 활용하였으며, 질적조사는 장애인고용기업체 고용주 및 담당자 등 장애인근로자 총14명을 선정하여 장애인고용경험을 심층분석하였다. 양적조사의분석방법은 다중회귀분석을 수행하였으며, 질적조사의 분석방법은 현상학적 질적연구 중 Colaizzi (1978)의 방법을 따랐다. 연구결과, 장애인조직생활능력에 관한 고용주인식은 고용만족도에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로(β=.186, p<.001) 나타났으며, 조직몰입은 이 둘 간의 매개영향을 갖고 있는것으로 나타났다. 반면, 질적 분석에서는 조직몰입이 높은 이유로 장애인이 선택할 수 있는 기업체가적기 때문인 것으로 확인되었으며, 교육훈련지원도 고용주 및 담당자의 장애인조직생활능력에 대한인식이 낮으면 업무 및 교육환경조성에 부(-)적 영향을 갖는 것으로 확인되었다.

This study aims to investigate the effects of employers’ attitude toward persons with disabilities regarding their satisfaction with employment and to verify the mediating effect of organizational commitment and the moderating effect of education and training support. The mixed method was applied to this study, including a quantitative analysis of the data from the Survey on the Employment of the Disabled (2014) on 4,337 businesses that employed the disabled and a qualitative analysis based on the in-depth interviews of 14 people such as business owners, managers, and disabled workers. The data were analyzed by a multiple regression and the Colaizzi's research method. The quantitative analyses found that employer’s attitude had a significant effect on their satisfaction with employment (β=.186, p<.001) and education and training supports had a direct effect on employer's satisfaction with employment (β=.112, p<.001). The qualitative analysis reveals that the employers’ positive perception toward persons with disabilities was critical to facilitate educational training environment.

Amazon Go is a cashierless convenience store concept, which is seen as a disruption in the grocery retail segment. Although Amazon Go has the ability to disrupt the retail segment, there are speculations on how Amazon Go will be perceived by users. Existing studies have not utilized user-generated content to understand the factors that affect customer behaviour in case of Amazon Go. Additionally, in case of phygital retail, studies have not attempted at understanding the effect of emotions and gratifications on user behaviour. To address the gap of exploring user perspectives based on their experience, we have examined the impact of gratifications and emotions on the acceptance of phygital retail using user-generated-content. A mixed-method approach has been utilized using only user-generated content. Utilizing topic-modelling based content analysis and emotion analysis on 30 articles related to Amazon Go, we found themes like, convenience, technology, experience, personalization, enjoyment and emotions like, bad, good, annoyance, success. In the empirical analysis, we have utilized 522 reviews about Amazon Go from the cognition and emotion theory stance, and found that hedonic gratifications have a positive impact on challenge emotions. We also found a significant impact of emotions on customer’s favourite behaviour.

본 연구는 스포츠 훈련에서의 개인 혁신성을 고려하여 VR 자기훈련에 대한 태도와 수용 과정의 선행 요인을 탐색한다. 구조방정식모형과 질적 인터뷰를 결합한 혼합방법 접근법(mixed method approach)을 활용해 골프 훈련에서의 VR‑HMD 수용을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 기대 성과와 지각된 즐거움은 VR 훈련에 대한 태도에 직접적인 영향을 미치며, 이는 VR‑HMD 사용의도로 이어졌다. 반면 지각된 사용용이성은 태도에 직접효과를 보이지 않았고, 개인 혁신성이 낮은 집단에서는 기대 성과에도 유의한 영향을 주지 않았다. 다만 사용용이성은 지각된 즐거움을 매개로 간접효과를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 개인 혁신성 수준에 따라 수용 메커니즘이 상이함을 보여주는 VR 수용의 이중 경로를 시사한다. 본 연구는 자기주도 훈련 맥락에서의 VR 수용에 대한 통찰을 제공하여 학계와 실무가 잠재적 훈련참여자의 행동을 더 잘 이해하도록 돕고, 보다 효과적인 VR 훈련 전략의 개발에 기여한다.

Purpose: The current challenges faced by nurses in providing high quality and evidence-based practice (EBP) supported care require profound changes in nursing education. To understand the changes needed to strengthen EBP education, the researchers examined EBP self-efficacy, course needs, barriers, and facilitators for academic faculty and clinical nurse preceptors to teach EBP in undergraduate nursing curricula. Methods: For this study, mixed-method approach was used with survey data collected from 73 academic faculty members from 54 universities. Further, 17 clinical nurse preceptors in three academic hospitals provided qualitative data for exploration of barriers and facilitators to teaching EBP. Data analysis used SPSS/WIN 21.0 and content analysis. Results: Quantitative data showed that although the overall level of self-efficacy among faculty was moderate, the implementation levels were relatively low. Most faculty members agreed with the need to integrate EBP courses into undergraduate nursing curricula. The qualitative data showed that the barriers to teaching EBP were lack of knowledge, skill, and initial investment for teaching EBP; hierarchical, rules-oriented nursing culture; potential learner overloads in processing EBP; limited research dissemination and application. Facilitators were identified as the importance of EBP to the profession of nursing; collaboration in schools and hospitals; and continuing education in teaching/utilizing EBP. Conclusion: The findings indicate that for successful integration of EBP ni nursing education there is a need for faculty training and integrated EBP courses.

본 연구는 소아암 환아 가족을 위한 건강돌봄교사파견사업의 성과를 규명하여 실천적 함의를 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구는 혼합연구방법론을 적용하였다. 양적연구에서 사전검사는 2019년 2월부터 건강돌봄교사 최초 파견시 실시하였고, 사후검사는 참여자별로 해당 서비스(20회기)가 종료된 후에 하였다. 양적자료분석방법은 대응표본 t 검정을 실시하였다. 소아암 환아(N=34)의 사전 레질리언스의 평균은 96.79이며, 사후 레질리언스의 평균은 108.68이었다. 보호자(N=58)의 사전 양육스트레스의 평균은 43.90이며, 사후 양육스트레스의 평균은 42.14로 나타났다. 질적연구에 있어서는 소아암 환아 6명, 보호자 6명이 심층 인터뷰에 참여하였다. 질적연구결과에서는 양적연구결과에서 나타난 ‘소아암 환아의 레질리언스의 증가’와 ‘보호자의 양육스트레스 감소’가 동일하게 나타났고 이 밖에도 다차원적인 성과가 다음과 같이 나타났다. 첫째, 건강돌봄교사파견사업에 참여한 소아암 환아가 ‘투병생활에 활기를 주는 특별한 만남’을 갖게 되었으며, 개인 내적 특성 관련 성과로 긍정적 정서 향상 및 긍정적 자기이해가 나타났다. 소아암 환아의 대처 양상 특성 관련 성과로는 자립성 향상과 자원동원성 향상이 나타났다. 소아암 환아의 대인관계 특성 관련 성과로는 관계기술 및 사회성 향상이 나타났다. 둘째, 보호자의 자기돌봄 및 가족돌봄시간이 확보되었으며, 환아에 대한 양육환경이 개선되었고, 환아의 형제관계가 향상된 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 실천적 함의를 제언하였다. 본 혼합연구는 건강돌봄교사파견사업 수행이 갖는 개입의 효과성을 규명하고 사업의 방향성을 제시한 점에 연구의 의의가 있다.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the health care teacher dispatch project for families with pediatric cancer patients and identify the outcomes of the project in order to present practical implications. The present study used mixed methodology. In the quantitative research, the prior inspection had been carried out when dispatching a health care teacher for the very first time from February 2019. Regarding the post-inspection, it had been done after the concerned service (20 sessions) by the participant ended. And, regarding the quantitative data analysis method, a correspondence sample t-test (a matched pair t-test) had been carried out. The average of the pre-resilience of the children with cancer (N=34) was 96.79. And the average of the post-resilience was 108.68. The average of the pre-rearing stress of the protectors (N=58) was 43.90. And the average of the post-rearing stress appeared as being 42.14. For the qualitative approach, 6 children and 6 parents participated in the interviews. As a result of the qualitative research, the ‘increase in resilience of children with cancer’ and ‘reduction in rearing stress of protectors’, which were identically observed even in those of the quantitative research, were found. In addition, the multidimensional outcomes were shown as follows. First, children with cancer who participated in the health care teacher dispatch project had a ‘special meeting that energizes their lives of struggling against illness, thereby showing positive emotional improvement and positive self-understanding as outcomes related to personal intrinsic characteristics. Moreover, there were improvements in self-reliance and resource mobilization as outcomes related to the coping-pattern characteristics of the children, and improvements in relationship skills and sociality as outcomes related to their interpersonal characteristics. Second, the self-care and family-care time of their protectors was secured. In addition, the nurturing environment for the children and their sibling relationship were improved. Based on the findings, this study suggested practical implications. Therefore, this mixed method study has significance in that it identifies the effectiveness of the health care teacher dispatch project and suggests the direction of the project.

Purpose: This study investigated the difficulties in end-of-life care and end-of-life care competency in nurses who take care of cancer patients. Methods: In the mixed method, a structured questionnaire on end-of-life care stress and competency was conducted on 115 nurses caring for cancer patients, and 19 were interviewed for qualitative research. For the collected quantitative data, descriptive statistics were used. For the qualitative study, the contents of the interview were summarized and systematized using the content analysis method to derive the main themes. Results: The mean end-of-life care stress was 4.08 points (out of 5) and the mean end-of-life care competency was 3.43 points (out of 5). Four themes and 11 sub-themes for the difficulties in end-of-life care were identified, and the four themes are as follows: (1) regret over limited end-of-life nursing, (2) different aspects of persistent emotional distress, (3) overloaded duty at the end-of-life (4) conflicts encountered in decision-making for life-sustaining treatment. Four themes and eight sub-themes for end-of-life care competency were identified, and the four themes are as follows: (1) empathy and listening skills, (2) communication skills, (3) clinical nursing experience and education, (4) clinical nursing competency. Conclusion: It was confirmed that nurses caring for cancer patients had a high level of end-of-life care stress, and it is necessary to develop a program to reduce difficulties in end-of-life care and increase end-of-life care competency.

Purpose: This study is for comparing gender egalitarianism and sexual harassment experienced by gender and providing a basis for the solution of sexual harassment. Methods: A mixed method design was used. Quantitative data were collected from 198 university and college students, and qualitative data were collected from 154 university and college students from an open-ended question on resolutions of sexual harassment. Results: The quantitative data represent that the average score of gender egalitarianism of female students and male students was 104.88±7.32 and 87.20±13.13, respectively. The average score of sexual harassment of female students and male students was 50.89±16.75 and 42.09±10.83 respectively. The Qualitative data indicated that the common resolutions of sexual harassment in female and male categories were classified by 4 main topics of education, regulation, improving awareness and personal behavior. Conclusions: Accordingly, it would be effective to prevent sexual harassment problem by subdividing the sexual education program systematically and strengthening the laws and regulations of punishment for offenders. It is needed to figure out sexual harassment occurrences, especially in each university and college, and make an effort to develop strict punishment regulations and organized manuals in advance.