Earticle

This study is basic research for the interior lighting on/off control system of apartment housing and select the optimum location of illuminance sensor and build control algorithms of the system. To select of optimum position of illuminance sensor was used Relux simulation program. This analyzed illumination of work plane and interior wall and has chosen position of interior wall which can represent illumination of work plane. As a results, 9 points of the north wall was found to be representative illumination of work plane. For necessary condition to on/off control of interior lighting is predicted illumination of interior work plane. And, To predict interior illumination by daylight without artificial illumination select 9 points. Then, According to the presence of artificial light or not has derived correlation of illumination on 9 points. Based on this study, the on / off control algorithm of interior lighting by daylight was built.

In this study, we constructed several scenarios that are required for LED lighting, and we designed and implemented an LED lighting control system to operate these scenarios to confirm their behavior. An LED lighting control system is a hybrid control board that is designed by combining LED controllers and SMPS, consisting of an AC/DC power supply part that converts AC 220 V into DC 12 V, and a drive and control part that controls the scenario and color of the LED module. Conventional LED light controllers have an input power of DC 12 V, so when using the input AC 220 V, the SMPS must be connected to the LED light controller. To eliminate this inconvenience, a hybrid LED lighting control system was configured to combine LED lighting controllers and SMPS into one control system. Furthermore, we designed a control system to represent the most appropriate color according to the input of the distance and illumination using a fuzzy control system to conduct computer simulations.

The Remote Device Management (RDM) protocol is used to manage the devices in the lighting control networks. RDM provides bi-directional communications between a controller and many lighting devices over the DMX512-A network. In RDM, using a simple binary search scheme, which is based on the 48-bit unique ID (UID) of each device, discovers the lighting devices. However, the existing binary search scheme tends to require a large delay in the device discovery process. In this paper, we propose a novel partition-based discovery scheme for fast device discovery in RDM. In the proposed scheme, all devices are divided into several partitions as per the device UID, and the controller performs device discovery for each partition by configuring a response timer that each device will use. From numerical simulations, we can see that there is an optimal number of partitions to minimize the device discovery time for a given number of devices in the proposed scheme, and also that the proposed partition-based scheme can reduce the device discovery time, as compared to the existing binary search scheme.

Recently, as the sleep disorder problem of modern people deepens, the interest towards quality of sleep is increasing. To increase the quality of modern people’s sleep. This paper has suggested an LED lighting control system according to the sleep stage using PPG sensors of wearable devices. The pulse of the wrist radial artery was measured using a wearable device mounted with PPG sensor, which enables heart rate-measuring, and by using the point that heart rate lowers during stable sleep than non-sleeping, the LED lighting of indoors was controlled, which is the disturbing element when sleeping. For the performance evaluation, a 10-Fold cross analysis was conducted for performance evaluation, and a result of an average accuracy 87.02% was obtained as a result. Therefore, the LED lighting control system according to the sleep stage using a wearable device of this paper is expected to contribute to raise the quality of the user’s life.

본 논문에서는 AVR 기반의 LSDM 제어를 위한 효율적인 점등제어 시스템 설계를 제안한다. 본 논문은 LSDM 제어을 위한 효율적인 점등제어 시스템의 설계는 I/O 데이터 버스를 위한 신호 제어부와 동작 상태에 따른 클록 신호 제어를 위 한 타이머/카운터부로 구분하여 설계한다. LSDM 제어로직은 효율적인 제어신호 처리를 위하여 각 비트에 논리 값을 지 정하여 DDRx와 PORTx 레지스터를 최적화한다. 그리고 ATmega128의 점등제어 프로그램 실행에 의한 LSDM 제어신호는 제어로직을 동작시켜 LSDM 점등제어가 가능하도록 설계한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 점등제어 시스템은 전력 손실률 감소 효과를 입증하기 위하여, 호스트 PC에서 시리얼을 통해 점등제어 프로그램을 시스템에 다운로드하여 LSDM 제어로직의 점등 상태에 대한 전력 손실률을 측정하였다. 측정한 결과, 기존의 점등제어 시스템보다 제안한 점등제어 시스템은 전체 적인 전력 소모 감소 효과가 있음을 입증하였다.

In this paper, we propose an efficient lighting control system design for AVR based LSDM control. This paper, an efficient lighting control system design for LSDM control be design divided as the signal control part for I / O data bus and the timer/counter part for clock signal control according to operating conditions. LSDM control logic be optimization to PORTx and DDRx register by specifying the logical value of each bit for effective control signal processing. And, the LSDM control signal by lighting control program execution of ATmega128 be designed to be LSDM lighting control by control logic operating. In this paper, a proposed lighting control system were measured to power loss rate to proved the power loss reduction about lighting status of LSDM control logic by download the lighting control program to system through serial from host PC. As a measurement result, a proposed lighting control system than the existing lighting control system were proved to be effective to the overall power consumption reduction.

본 연구에서는 공동주택에 대하여 주광을 이용한 조명제어 시스템을 제안하고, 시스템의 적용 가능성을 평가하였다. 또한 실의 크기와 향, 창의 크기를 변수로 하여 주광에 의한 실내조도의 변화를 예측함으로써 조명제어 시스템의 제어 알고리즘 일반화 방법을 제시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 단위모델의 회귀분석 결과 결정계수 R2의 값이 0.9802로 주광 조도를 이용한 작업면 평균조도의 예측을 통한 주광이용 조명제어 시스템의 적용이 가능함을 알 수 있다. 2) 변수조건 변화에 따른 시뮬레이션 회귀분석 결과를 살펴보면, 결정계수 값이 0.428(E), 0.877(S), 0.961(W), 0.886(N)으로 나타났으며, 시뮬레이션 전체에 대한 결정계수 값은 0.406으로 나타났다. 동향의 오전시간대 결과값을 배제하고 회귀분석을 실시한 결과 동향의 경우 결정계수 값이 0.958로 크게 높아짐을 볼 수 있다.

In order to generalize a control algorithm of a daylight-responsive lighting control system which can be applied to apartment house, we carried out case studies on the prediction of indoor illumination intensities using a simulation based on the control algorithm. Room size and direction as well as window size are considered as simulation conditions. The results are as follows. 1) As the result of the analysis on the correlation between daylight illumination intensity and illumination intensity on the horizontal working plane, R-squared value was 0.9802. This result indicates that the proposed control algorithm of a daylight-responsive lighting control system can be used as a interior lighting control solution. 2) R-squared values was 0.406, which is predicted by the regression analysis based on the simulation results. however, in case of excepting the results at 6 a.m. and 9 a.m on the east side, R-squared value increase from 0.406 to 0.958.

현재 현대인들의 소득수준 향상과 여가시간 증대, 가치관의 변화 등으로 인해 문화산업의 중요성이 부각됨과 동시에 예술, 전시, 공연에 대한 수요가 점차 커지고 있다. 그러나 국내 기술력이 저조하여 무대연출 장비를 수입품에 의존하고 있는 경우가 많다. 특히 조명연출 분야에서는 배우의 동선을 파악하고, 조명을 제어해야 할 필요가 있는데 IT기술을 이용할 수 있음에도 불구하고 육안으로 배우를 인식하여 수기적으로 제어하는 경우가 일반적이다. 센서 응용하더라도 배우인지를 위해 단순한 형태의 단일 센서만 응용하 기 때문에 무대 전체조명의 온-오프에 따라 배우감지 및 추적이 불가능한 경우도 생긴다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 무대배우를 보다 효과적으로 추적할 수 있는 멀티센서 기반 알고리즘과 무대 조명연출을 유연하게 할 수 있는 LED(light emitting diode)조명 FOV(field of view) 및 가변형 제어 시스템을 제안하였다. 또한 제안한 시스템과 알고리즘을 바탕으로 핵심적인 하드웨어 및 소프트 웨어를 구현하고 전체 시스템 연동실험을 통해 실용성과 구현가능성을 입증하였다. 추가적으로 구현된 센서모듈의 출력을 실측하고 제안한 FOV가변형 LED조명 시스템의 성능을 시뮬레이션함으로써 제안한 시스템의 유용성을 입증하였다.

Recently, an importance of culture industry has been emphasized through an increased income level, spare time and changed values of modern people. And demands of the performance, arts, exhibit are steadily being increased. However the stage equipment depends on foreign manufactures on account of the inactive domestic technical skills. Especially in the lighting direction part, it is essential to control the lighting source and detect the moving line of actors but it generally uses the manual control type and realization of actor's moving line regardless of existing IT-based technologies. Also the system operation of existing sensor-based tracking and detecting technologies depends on the main lighting source of the stage. Therefore, this paper proposed LED lighting control system using the variable FOV and multi sensor-based tracking algorithm, which are possible to efficiently track the stage actors and direct the stage lights. Also we demonstrated the practicality and possibility of realization through the integrated experiment of the proposed system and implementation of the salient hardware, software. Additionally, the usefulness of proposed system was demonstrated using performance simulations and actual measurements of implemented sensor output.

These days, individual lighting control system is considered to be necessary option for saving energy. We examine how individual control saves energy and analyse techniques of individual control systems which presented until now. Especially, we analyse effectiveness of individual control system using closed-circuit Power Line Communication.

본 논문에서는 태양광 발전을 이용한 하이브리드 도로조명 제어 시스템 설계를 제안한다. 제안하는 하이브리드 도로조명 점등제어 시스템은 태양광 발전을 이용하여 하이브리드 컨트롤러를 통해 전원을 공급하고 도로조명을 점등제어가 가능하도록 설계한다. 전력 부족시 상시전력을 공급하도록 제어하고 인체 감지시 자동 조명 제어가 되도록 게이트웨이는 도로조명에 zigbee를 이용하여 제어명령을 전송한다. 미리 설정해 놓은 타임 스케줄에 의해 시스템의 상태를 결정하고 동작시키는 점등제어 알고리즘을 적용한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 하이브리드 도로조명 점등제어 시스템의 효율성 분석결과, 등주 당 하루에 129.6W의 전력소비를 하였고 1개월간 3.8KW, 연간 47.3KW를 소비하였다. 결과적으로 기존의 점등제어 시스템보다 76.2%의 전력소비량 감소와 76.8%의 전력요금이 감소되어 에너지 효율을 높일 수 있었다.

In this paper we proposed the design of the hybrid road lighting control system using solar-light generation. The proposed hybrid road lighting control system be power offer through hybrid controller using Solar-Light Generation, and it is designed so that it can control lighting up. To control supply of continuous power when during power shortages. And the gateway be transmit control command using zigbee to road lighting to ensure that automatic lighting control on human sensing. In this case, the gateway is apply the lighting control algorithm that decisions to the status of the system by a pre-set time schedule and be able to operate. In this paper, the proposed efficiency analysis results of a hybrid road lighting control system was consumed power of 129.6W per day, 3.8KW per month, 47.3KW per annual. As a result, it were able to increase the energy efficiency than existing lighting control system by reduce power consumption of 76.2% and the electricity prices of 76.8%.

조명제어 시스템은 전등 부하를 효율적으로 관리 및 제어하여 전력 에너지 절감 효과를 도모하는 시스템 이다. 특히 야외의 공원이나 아파트 단지 등 전등의 수가 많고 효율적인 모니터링이 필요한 곳에 필요한 시스템이 다. 최근에는 조명의 밝기와 색상을 제어하여 감성조명을 적용한 시스템 개발이 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 LoRa 기반의 원격제어 기술을 적용한 조명 제어 시스템을 설계하였다. 제안한 시스템의 주목적은 설치된 조명의 상황을 모니터링하고 주변 환경에 따라 조명을 자율적으로 제어하는 데 있다. 본 연구에서 사용한 통신 모듈은 Murata LoRa이며 동작 주파수는 922.1 Mhz를 적용하여 노드 간의 통신을 구현하였다. 제안한 시스템은 야외 온 도와 습도를 실시간으로 측정하여 조명의 밝기 및 색상을 능동적으로 제어할 수 있도록 설계하였다. 실험을 통해 LoRa 기반 야외 조명 제어 시스템의 통신 신호 범위는 최대 120m까지 작동하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

A lighting control system is a system that efficiently manages and controls light loads to promote power and energy saving effects. In particular, it is a necessary system for places where there are many lights, such as outdoor parks or apartment complexes, and efficient monitoring is required. Recently, development of a system that applies emotional lighting by controlling the brightness and color of lighting is being developed. In this paper, a lighting control system using LoRa-based remote control technology was designed. The main purpose of the proposed system is to monitor the status of the installed lighting and autonomously control the lighting according to the surrounding environment. The communication module used in this study is Murata LoRa, and communication between nodes is implemented by applying an operating frequency of 922.1 Mhz. The proposed system is designed to actively control the brightness and color of lighting by measuring outdoor temperature and humidity in real time. Through experiments, it was confirmed that the communication signal range of the LoRa-based outdoor lighting control system operates up to 120m.

본 연구의 목적은 감성조명용 조명기기의 조도 및 색온도 표현능력을 극대화할 수 있는 최적의 광원조합을 효율적으로 제어할 수 있는 제어장치를 개발하는데 있다. 실내조명으로 사용할 수 있는 다양한 색온도에 대하여 사람이 편안함을 느끼는 조도영역을 찾아내고 이를 조합함으로서 감성조명을 실현할 수 있다. 이를 위하여 감성조명용 조명기기는 2000K와 8000K의 서로 다른 색온도를 가지는 형광램프로 구성하였으며 각각의 형광램프의 수량을 변화시키며 조명기기의 조도 및 색온도 표현능력을 광학 시뮬레이션을 통하여 평가하였다. 사용자가 원하는 조명환경을 휴식, 대화, 모임, 손님접대, 예술 등의 5가지로 구분하여 적외선 리모콘으로 수신단에 전송하면 수신단에서 PC0~PC4 병렬포트를 통해서 사용자가 선택한 모드에 맞는 DC전압을 출력한다. DC전압이 EEFL 인버터에 입력되고 입력된 DC전압 레벨에 따라 EEFL의 dimming 값이 변하면서 사용자가 원하는 조명환경(조도 및 색온도)를 만들고 인체감지센서를 사용하여 사람이 없을 경우에는 EEFL을 자동으로 꺼지도록 함으로써 소비전력을 절약할 수 있도록 개발하였다.

The purpose of this study is to develop a lighting apparatus of the illuminance and color temperature to maximize the ability of the optimal combination of light sources that can be controlled efficiently control device. Finding people comfortable feeling for indoor lighting that can be used in a variety of color temperature illumination area by combining light sensitivity can be realized. Lighting apparatus for fluorescent lamps with different color temperature of 2000K and 8000K, and by varying the quantity of each of the fluorescent lamps, the illuminance of lighting equipment and color temperature through optical simulations were evaluated. By infrared remote control receiver, divided into 5 types of relaxation, conversation, meeting, hospitality, arts and the lighting environment you want to transfer the PC0 ~ PC4 through the parallel port on the mode selected by the user at the receiving end the DC voltage output. EEFL inverter input DC voltage and the DC input voltage, depending on the level of EEFL dimming value (illuminance and color temperature) lighting environment you want to create change while using a PIR sensor EEFL automatically turn off if people do not have was developed so that the power consumption so you can save.

본 논문에서는 가시광 통신시스템에서 조명과 통신의 성능을 동시에 만족하기 위한 Dimming level control 기법을 연구하였다. 일반적으로 가장 많이 사용되는 OOK와 RZ-OOK변조 방식의 경우, 연속적인 Burst Zero Duration이 발생하면 조명 기능이 심각하게 저하된다. 이는 조명뿐만 아니라 시스템 전체의 성능을 열하시키는 원인이 된다. 본 연구를 통해, 기존 시스템의 Dimming level특성을 분석하고, Dimming level을 높이기 위한 기법으로 Illegal Pulse Insertion(IPI) 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 이를 통해, Dimming level을 효과적으로 제어하고 기존 변복조 시스템에서 나타나는 플리커(flicker) 현상과 Dimming level 감소를 해결하여 조명과 통신 양쪽 모두의 QoS를 향상 시킬 수 있다

In this paper, we have studied a dimming level control method to satisfy both lighting and communication performance in visible light communication system. In the case of the most commonly used OOK and RZ-OOK modulation schemes, continuous Burst Zero Duration will seriously degrade the lighting function. This causes not only the illumination but also the performance of the entire system to deteriorate. Through this study, we analyzed the dimming level characteristics of the existing system and proposed the Illegal Pulse Insertion (IPI) algorithm as a technique to increase the dimming level. Through this, it is possible to effectively control the dimming level and improve the QoS of both lighting and communication by resolving the flicker phenomenon and dimming level reduction in the existing modulation and demodulation system.

본 논문에서는 RISC 프로세서를 이용하여 다양한 센서 정보를 수집하고 효율적인 데이터 전송을 위한 지능형 LED 조명기기 전송제어 시스템 설계를 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 디밍 제어와 점멸을 위해 변환신호를 여러 단계로 구분하도록 처리하여 드라이버로 보내고 변화하는 데이터 패턴을 모니터링 하여 이벤트의 발생을 감지하고 타깃 전달률을 만족시키기 위해 h개의 독립경로를 통해 메시지를 전달한다. 제안한 전송제어 시스템은 큰 에너지 절감 효과를 얻을 수 있고, 안정적이며 효율적인 데이터 전송을 위해 RISC 프로세서의 프로그램을 변경할 수 있게 하였다.

In this paper, we propose intelligent LED lighting device control circuit system is designed in order to collect information on various sensors and efficient data transmit uses RISC processor. In the proposed method, sends to driver for dimming control and blinking to process the end that separated to different levels and detects the occurrence of critical events by monitoring changing data patterns and transmit a message through h-Independent path to satisfy the target-delivery ratio. The proposed transmit control system is large power savings can be obtained and be able to change the program of the RISC processor for data transfer reliable and efficient.

Energy consumption in the building sector accounts for about 35% of the South Korea’s total, and several policies and new technologies, products for carbon reduction are being introduced into the market. Slat controlled blinds are a type of technology that can actively respond to solar radiation blocking and lighting load reduction by controlling the angle of the slats installed on the windows of the building. In this study, a conventional-type blinds and slat controlled blinds were installed in two actual rooms, and valid data for 74 days including illumination control were operated to determine the effectiveness of performance by control. The indoor illuminance range of the conventional chamber was about 800~3,400 lux, but the slat controlled blinds chamber was formed at 500~1,400 lux, so the illuminance was stably changed, and as a result, it was confirmed that lighting energy was reduced by 81.5%. In addition, due to the effect of blocking solar radiation by slat control, the cooling energy consumption ratio was reduced by 24.3% during the same period.

본 논문에서는 안드로이드 플랫폼 기반의 스마트 감성조명 제어 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 스마트 감성조명 제어 시스템은 안드로이드 플랫폼, 감성조명 장치, 확장 디바이스와 지그비 모듈을 사용하였다. 안드로이드 플랫폼 기 반의 스마트 감성조명 제어 시스템은 조도센서를 이용하여 자동제어와 수동제어 선택이 가능하며, 원하는 조명만을 선 택하여 부분적인 제어도 가능하게 설계하였다. 제안된 스마트 감성조명 제어 시스템의 실험 결과 필요로 하는 부분의 조명기기 제어와 색온도 가변에 의한 제어가 가능하였고, 감성어휘에 의한 가변점등으로 효율적으로 기존 감성조명 제 어 시스템보다 전력 소비를 감소시켰다. 그리고 상황에 적합한 색상과 밝기를 제어하여 사무실에서 행위를 함에 있어 집중력과 업무능력 향상에도 효과적인 제어가 가능하였다.

In this paper, we propose smart emotional lighting control system based on the android platform. The proposed smart emotional lighting control system be configure android platform and sensibility lighting equipment, expansion device, zigbee module. Smart emotional lighting control system based on the android platform is automatic control possible using the illumination sensor, and by selecting the desired lighting partial control can be designed. The experimental results of the proposed smart emotional lighting control sensitivity than conventional lighting control system decreased the power consumption and efficient lighting control was possible. Office acts will be suitable conditions to control the color and brightness, so they can be controlled from the improves concentration and ability to work.

본 논문에서는 블루투스 기반의 효율적인 실내 감성조명 제어 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 블루투스 기반의 실 내 감성조명 제어 시스템은 블루투스 모듈을 이용해 모바일이나 PC, 월 패드로 점등제어 할 수 있으며, 모션 센서로 자동 점등제어가 가능하게 설계하였다. 또한, 온도, 습도, 조도, 모션 센서로 외부환경에 따라 LED 점·소동을 제어하고, 움직임 미감지시에는 패턴을 이용하여 점등제어하게 설계하였다. 시스템은 블루투스 기반으로 조명 센서를 사용하고, 원하는 조명 제어를 선택하여 자동 제어 할 수 있다. 제안하는 실내 감성조명 제어 시스템의 효율성 검증 결과 기존 단순 On/Off의 제어 시스템보다 전력 소비를 감소시켰고, 에너지 절감 효과를 극대화 할 수 있었으며, 거주자에게 적 합하게 내부 환경을 제공할 수 있도록 설계하였다.

In this paper, we propose Bluetooth based on efficient indoor-emotion-lighting control system. The proposed Bluetooth based on indoor-emotion-lighting control system was designed to be automatically controlled by the motion sensor light and using a Bluetooth module may be controlled to light up or mobile PC, wall pad. In addition, It was designed the LED lighting On/Off control the environment according to Humidity, the temperature, illumination, motion sensors. System based on the bluetooth is automatic control possible using the illumination sensor, and by selecting the desired lighting partial control can be designed. The experimental efficiency results of the proposed indoor-emotion-lighting control system were designed to provide an internal environment adapted to a resident, were able to maximize the energy savings, have reduced power consumption than the traditional simple On/Off control system.

본 논문은 LED 조명을 이용한 실내 환경에서 사용자가 운동 및 휴식을 취할 때 퍼지 추론을 통하여 상황 에 최적화된 LED 감성조명 알고리즘을 구현한다. 기존의 단순 색온도 제어보다 퍼지이론을 사용하여 복잡한 조건하 에서 색상과 색온도를 사용자 환경에 맞게 LED 광원을 컨트롤 한다. 사용자의 행동에 따라 감성언어의 색상과 온도 에 따른 색상의 배합을 통한 퍼지 추론 기반의 LED 감성조명 시스템을 설계한다. 그 결과 색상과 색온도가 사용자의 감성에 좋은 영향을 주어서 휴식 및 운동에 효과적인 감성조명을 나타낼 수 있을 것이다.

In this study, an LED emotional lighting algorithm optimized to the situation was implemented using fuzzy inference for users in exercise and resting situations in indoor environment. The fuzzy theory was used instead of the conventional simple color temperature control in order to control the colors and color temperatures of LED light sources in line with user environment under complex conditions. An LED emotional lighting system based on fuzzy theory was designed through a combination of colors according to the color and temperature of emotional language based on the user behavior. As a result, the color and color temperature can give a good effect on user’s emotions for an emotional lighting that is effective for resting and exercise.

The human centric lighting (HCL) control is a major focus point of the smart lighting system design to provide energy efficient and people mood rhythmic motivation lighting in smart buildings. This paper proposes the HCL control using indoor surveillance camera to improve the human motivation and well-beings in the indoor environments like residential and industrial buildings. In this proposed approach, the indoor surveillance camera video streams are used to predict the day lights and occupancy, occupancy specific emotional features predictions using the advanced computer vision techniques, and this human centric features are transmitted to the smart building light management system. The smart building light management system connected with internet of things (IoT) featured lighting devices and controls the light illumination of the objective human specific lighting devices. The proposed concept experimental model implemented using RGB LED lighting devices connected with IoT features open-source controller in the network along with networked video surveillance solution. The experiment results are verified with custom made automatic lighting control demon application integrated with OpenCV framework based computer vision methods to predict the human centric features and based on the estimated features the lighting illumination level and colors are controlled automatically. The experiment results received from the demon system are analyzed and used for the real-time development of a lighting system control strategy.