Earticle

The integrated development of artificial intelligence and wearable technology provides technical conditions for users to participate in quantifying themselves. However, in the current, the research on wearable devices and other technical products is very lacking. Based on the existing user acceptance model, this paper proposes a quantitative self-acceptance model for wearable device users, and puts forward relevant assumptions and provide advice on the development of wearable technology

Recently, Internet technology has been applied to home appliances as well as electronic devices such as PCs, laptops and mobile phones, requiring improved networks with high speed and bandwidth to handle a variety of data. In particular, network management techniques to maintain load balance using Software Defined networking (SDN) are cited as one of the most promising paradigms. In this paper, we propose a Deep Learning Mechanism (DLMBN) mechanism (Deep Learning Mechanism on Blockchain) that optimizes the load balance that can occur in the network by deep learning some important information related to the load balance after connecting the information of multiple distributed controllers into the blockchain. The proposed mechanism binds and manages the load of each controller distributed over the network with a blockchain, thus reducing load time while dynamically balancing the load balance. In particular, deep learning technology was used to ensure that each controller classified as a group would not be biased to one side and would maintain a balanced load balance across the entire network. As a result of the experiment, the proposed mechanism improved the load balance retention time by 14.6% on average compared to the mechanism previously studied, and the efficiency of SDNs processed in multiple groups by 17.3% on average. In addition, the overhead of SDNs for each group was lowered by 7.9%.

The content distributed networks (CDNs) have been extending their market coverage on the conventional Internet environment by providing better quality of service (QoS) to the consumers. We consider the CDN as an economic player that competes with transit service provider (TSP), and model it as a platform that mediates content providers (CPs) and Internet service providers (ISPs) that make an independent decision on their participation to the CDN. Given the information about CPs and ISPs, the CDN can maximize its revenue by optimizing the prices at the both sides. This problem can be formulated as a combinatorial optimization problem. However, all possible combinations of participating CPs and ISPs should be considered, which require intensive computation, in particular, under CP dynamics where CPs arrive and depart the market over time. In this work, we develop a low-complexity pricing scheme that aims to find close-to-optimal prices.

To effectively manage the escalating traffic, attention is drawn to the coexistence mechanism of cellular and Wi-Fi networks which offload the cellular traffic from the licensed band to the unlicensed band. For the coexistence of 5G new radio-unlicensed and Wi-Fi, we tackle the energy efficiency maximization problem by sequentially determining the duty cycle and transmit power through the use of distributed deep Q-network (DQN) techniques. When utilizing the existing unlicensed band, the proposed method minimizes the impact on Wi-Fi networks while achieving optimal energy efficiency. Simulations validate the superior energy efficiency of the proposed coexistence mechanism over various benchmark methods.

유비쿼터스 환경에 대한 관심이 높아지면서 Radio Frequency Identification(RFID) 기술은 물류관리, 유통관리 등 다양한 분야에서 도입을 시도 하고 있다. 이러한 RFID 관련 기술의 공개 표준화를 담당하고 있는 EPCglobal에서 는 현재 RFID 응용 시스템 개발을 위한 EPCglobal Network(EPC Network)이라는 국제표준을 제시하고 있다. 그러나, EPC Network은 ALE(Application Level Events), ONS(Object Naming Service), EPCIS DS(EPCIS Discovery Services), EPCIS(EPC Information Services) 와 같은 다양한 구성요소로 이루어져 있으며, 각각의 구성요소들과의 통신을 통해 정보를 획득하여야 하므로 RFID 응용 시스템은 구성요소와의 통신 횟수에 따라 성능 에 많은 영향을 받게 된다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 EPC 환경에서 효율적인 분산 정보 획득을 위한 방법을 제시하고 실험을 통하여 기존대비 처리시간이 최대 78% 감소하는 것을 알 수 있었다.

Automatic object identification and distributed computing technology have been investigated in order to realize a ubiquitous computing environment. Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology has been applied to many business areas such as logistics and supply chains. The Electronic Product Code (EPC) Network, an open global standard proposed by EPCglobal. However, there are lots of components such as ALE (Application Level Events), ONS (Object Naming Service), EPCIS (EPC Information Services), and EPCIS DS (EPCIS Discovery Services) to develop applications in EPC Network. Therefore, RFID application developers should consider in the EPC Network to communicate one another which are the key for the performance of RFID application system in EPC network. Therefore, this paper proposes how to obtain distributed information effectively in EPC Network and shows the reduction of the maximum processing time by 78 percentages.

본 논문은 이동 애드혹 네트워크 내에서 발생하는 기본적인 트랜잭션 메시지에 의미를 부여하고 추가적인 트랜잭션 메시지를 정의하며 확신성 요소를 추가하여 보다 나은 서비스를 제공하는 노드 선택의 기준이 될 수 있는 확장된 신뢰도 평가 기법을 제안하고, 이를 시뮬레이션하여 제안한 신뢰 도 평가 기법의 효용성을 보인다.

This paper proposes extended trust evaluation mechanism which is able to become the standard of the node selection which provides a better service by using the basic transaction message which occurs from within the mobile Ad-hoc network and the additional transaction message and add confidence value. Furthermore, throughout the simulation shows the efficiency of the proposed trust evaluation mechanism.

이동 애드혹 네트워크 환경에서 신뢰할 수 없는 서비스들로 인해 과도한 트랜잭션이 발생되 고 있다. 본 논문은 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위한 방안으로, 이동 애드혹 네트워크 내에서 발 생하는 기본적인 트랜잭션 메시지와 추가적인 트랜잭션 메시지에 의미를 부여하여 보다 나은 서비스를 제공하는 노드 선택의 기준이 될 수 있는 신뢰도 평가 기법을 제안한다. 제안한 신뢰 도 기법을 구현하고 시뮬레이션을 통해서 평가된 신뢰도 값을 확인한다.

The many transaction occurs because of service will not be able to trust in mobile Ad-hoc Network. Overcomes like this problem point with the plan for, This paper proposes the trust evaluation mechanism which is the possibility becoming the standard of the node selection which provides a better service by using the transaction message which is basic occurs from within the mobile Ad-hoc network and in the transaction message which is additional. At last, this paper embodies the trust mechanism which proposes, confirms the trust value which is evaluated with NS2 simulator.

Assult on power plant Distibuted Control System Network has been sophisticated, 'WHITE LIST' way safety mechanism has been requested, because of existed 'BLACK LIST SEARCH' way has limited condition, based on 'signature' In this paper, gathering and analysis the packet, which can occur on control system, suggest the model, can search the symptom through the 'WHITE LIST RULE' development and adaption

본 논문에서는 지능적 계산법인 개미-군집 이론을 응용한 분산적 피어 선택을 통해 통신 대역폭, 데이터 처리 능력 및 저장 용량이 상이한 피어들로 구성된 P2P 오버레이 멀티케스트 네트워크를 효율적으로 구성할 수 있는 방안을 제안한다. 제안 기법은 피어의 용량뿐만 아니라 피어가 서비스하고 있는 자식 노드의 수 및 멀티케스트 소스와 피어 사이의 거리를 고려하여 부모 피어를 선택한다. 따라서 제안기법은 멀티케스트 소스와 피어 사이의 거리를 작게 유지한다는 측면에서 효율적인 네트워크 구성을 가능하게 한다. 또한 제안기법은 특정 서버가 참여 노드의 상태 정보를 이용하는 기존의 중앙집중적 방식에 비해 각 피어들의 로컬 정보를 이용하는 분산적 방식이므로, 참여 노드의 수에 따른 확장성이 우수하다. 모의실험을 통해 제안 기법은 소수의 대용량 피어가 다수의 소용량 피어를 지원함으로써 수천개의 피어가 오버레이 네트워크에 참여하더라도 오버레이 네트워크의 크기를 작게 유지할 수 있다는 것을 보였다.

In this paper, we propose a method that can construct efficiently a P2P overlay multicast network composed of many heterogeneous peers in communication bandwidth, processing power and a storage size by selecting a peer in a distributed fashion using an ant-colony theory that is one of the computational intelligence methods. The proposed method considers not only the capacity of a peer but also the number of children peers supported by the peer and the hop distance between a multicast source and the peer when selecting a parent peer of a newly joining node. Thus, an P2P multicast overlay network is constructed efficiently in that the distances between a multicast source and peers are maintained small. In addition, the proposed method works in a distributed fashion in that peers use their local information to find a parent node. Thus, compared to a centralized method where a centralized server maintains and controls the overlay construction process, the proposed method scales well. Through simulations, we show that, by making a few high capacity peers support a lot of low capacity peers, the proposed method can maintain the size of overlay network small even there are a few thousands of peers in the network.

Nowadays the distributed Micro Inverter system for PV (Photo Voltaic) generation is regarded as the one of the effective way for improving the power efficiency. The Micro Inverter system is a distributed system which is composed of PCSs (Power Conversion Systems) on each PV cells. In this paper, we've developed ZigBee network module and monitoring system of the Micro Inverter system for gathering PV generation and PCS conditions. The major packet loss of the wireless network due to the packet collision was reduced by 0.1% during 3,000 times data communication based on 100 ZigBee modules using our new packet protocol. Also we performed the Micro Inverter control and information analysis using our Solar Gateway and web based monitoring server.

최근 네트워크나 서버의 가용성을 위협하는 형태의 공격이 급증하고 있으며 이로 인한 국가적, 경제적인 손실이 점차 증가하고 있다. 이러한 서비스거부(Denial of Service)공격의 형태는 SNS의 발전과 함께 변화 되었으며, 특히, SNS를 이용한 공격은 2007년 에스토니아의 주요 웹사이트 공격 처럼 국가나 인터넷 전체 기반체계를 대상으로 하는 형태의 조직적인 공격이나 최근 일본에서의 국내 반크 홈페이지 공격에 이르기까지 매우 광범위하게 전개되고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 논문 에서는 기존 서비스 거부 공격 방법과 SNS를 이용한 국가간 사이버공격에 대해 분석하고 이러한 공격을 탐지할 수 있는 방안에 대해 연구한다.

In recent, attacks which threaten the availability of networks or servers are rapidly increasing, costing the nation and economics are gradually extended.This type of Distributed Denial of Service(DDoS) has changed with the development of Social Network Service(which is called SNS). Especially, attacks using SNS is widely developed from the organized attacks to the nation or whole internet infrastructure such as attacks against the main website of Estonia in 2007, and to the recent Japan’s attack against Korean VANK website. Therefore, in this paper I explain the well-known DDoS attack technical and international cyber attacks, study the detection to those attacks.

Due to the development of IT, distribution of smart phone, and an increase of use of SNS, various types of contents are being produced and consumed in Internet. Therefore, information searching technology has become important due to a sharp rise in data. However, information searching technology requires much of background knowledge and hence has been recognized as what was difficult to access to. Issues with previous search engine were how many of qualified personnel with background knowledge along with huge amount of development expenses were required. Therefore, search engines have been recognized as what was exclusively possessed by leading IT companies or specialized organizations. This study is intended to suggest a search engine with an index structure for making it convenient to effectively search information by distributed crawling massive amount of websites and web-documents in the distributed environment. Search engine suggested in this study has been realized by Hadoop structure for supporting the distributed processing.

The information that caused by the complex network is massive, but because of a large amount of information, so the use of traditional data analysis has been unable to meet the search and mining complex network data, so the distributed computing mode, i.e., cloud computing has become the main method of calculation method of complex network, according to the calculation of cloud computing, it needs to consider computing topological partition method and the computational performance. This paper presents a data mining model matrix, according to this model can integrate different information, optimization of data mining, so as to improve the efficiency of complex network distributed computing.

As IP technologies have provided the ability to establish dynamic security associations between endpoints emerge, virtual private networks (VPNs) are going through significant growth. The number of endpoints per virtual network is growing, and the resource management is becoming increasingly hard to predict. To study these issues, we abstract the distributed endpoints into a simple undirected graph, research on the graph and propose an adaptive searching method for resource discovery and management. The new searching strategy reduces the traffic impact to network and improves the ergodic theorem. We also proposed a new generation method, which could be used before traversed the resource. The simulation shows that the result is better than the known.