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한국불교의 전통교육기관에서 내려오던 방식으로 科圖와 私記를 활용한 간경법이 있 는데, 이들 자료들은 나침반을 가지고 전체를 꿰뚫으며 경전을 볼 수 있는 중요한 지침서 들이다. 봉선사 능엄승가대학원에서는 이러한 자료들을 활용한 간경법을 유지, 계승하면 서 科圖集과 여러 사기류를 간행하였으니, 이는 사기 연구의 초석을 마련한 것이었다. 현존하는 불교 사기들 중에 가장 많은 분량을 남긴 사기로는 해남 대둔사에서 강석을 펼친 蓮潭 有一 계통이며, 동시대 인물로 영남에서 활동한 仁嶽 義沾 계통도 전해오면서 각각 호남과 영남에 전승되어 불교 교학이 더욱 성행하게 되었다. 전국에 흩어져 있는 사기들을 수집해서 계통별로 분류하고 善本을 가리며, 脫草해서 整書하는 문제, 저본과 대조본들을 비교하는 문제, 會編해서 번역하는 문제 등 산적한 과제가 남아 있다. 이는 한 사람의 노력이 아닌, 해당 原典의 강독을 통해서 집체적 공동작업이 필요하며, 전통기록 유산을 제대로 이해하기 위한 간경법의 유지, 계승이 필요하다.

There is a way to read sutras using Diagram (科圖) and Individual Commentary (私記) - methods transmitted from traditional education institutes of Korean Buddhism. These materials are significant guides that let us read sutras that penetrate the context in its role as compass. The Neung’eom Sangha Graduate School of Bongseon Monastery has kept this way of reading sutras. Sources from published Diagram Collections and Individual Commentaries are kept as the foundation of research on Individual Commentary. Most of the existing Buddhist Individual Commentaries are upon the text of 履歷課程, the Sangha educational curriculum in the late period of the Joseon Dynasty. Among these are the individual commentaries on the greatest pages related to the lineage of Yeondam Yuil (蓮潭 有㊀) who held lectures at Daedun Monastery, Haenam district. Commentaries are also on the lineage of In’ak Euiso (仁嶽 義沾) who worked in the Yeongnam district during the same period. These were transmitted to the Honam and Yeongnam districts and made Buddhist studies more prevalent. Individual Commentaries scattered all over the nation are not in good condition; most of the caseshave been transmitted by manuscript. Therefore, we have numerous tasks to complete: collecting and classifying material from the original text, reading and correcting texts, comparing original texts with other texts, and translating after collecting and editing sources, et cetera. These tasks are not to be done by a single person but by the effort of Community members through the reading of original sutras. In order to have a correct understanding of the Traditional Record asset the way to read Sutras needs to be kept and transmitted.

서평

A book review

본고에서는 하서 문집으로 간행된 판본들을 조사하면서, 각 판본의 현존 상황과 특이사항을 중심 으로 살펴보았다. 초간본 『河西集』은 1568년(宣祖 1)에 간행되었으나 현재 完本이 전하지 않는 상황에서 고대 만송문고본이 유일본으로, 중간본과 삼간본 모두에 빠진 저작 총 19수를 수록하고 있었다. 중간본은 1686년(肅宗 12)에 『河西先生集』이 간행되었고, 규장각 소장본을 대상으로 삼간본과 대조하여 살펴본 결과, 중간본에 수록되었다가 삼간본에서 빠진 하서의 저작 1수가 수 록되어 있고, 하서의 사위인 梁子澂이 撰 한 ｢家狀｣을 수록하지 않았다. 또 중간본에서 삼간본으 로 재간행하면서 작품 수가 추가되고 제목이 달라진 경우도 있어 대표적인 예로 하서가 종성에 유배되어 있던 미암에게 보낸 시 ｢奉寄柳眉巖鍾山謫所｣가 중간본에는 10수가 수록되었는데 삼간 본에서 ｢奉和柳眉巖鍾山謫所｣로 제목이 바뀌고, ｢奉寄柳眉巖鍾山謫所｣란 제목에는 중간본에서 ｢奉寄柳眉巖鍾山謫所｣에 들어 있던 작품과 전혀 다른 4수의 새로운 시를 수록하여 놓은 것을 발견 하였다. 삼간본은 1802년(純祖 2)에 年譜를 붙여 『河西先生全集』으로 간행하여 일명 전집본이라고도 하며 현재 한국문집총간 33권 『河西全集』의 저본이 된다. 현대에 들어와 1916년(丙辰)에 속편 초간본 『河西全集續編』이 간행되었고, 1940년(庚辰)에 속편 중간본 『河西先生續集』이 간 행되었다. 1980년에 삼간본과 속편 초․중간본 등을 합본해 하서선생기념사업회에서 영인본을 내 고 1987년에 그 국역본을 냈으나, 다시 1993년에 필암서원에서 영인본과 국역본이 동시에 나왔다 . 이들 삼간본과 속편 초․중간본, 그리고 영인본들은 이전 판본들과 달리 하서의 연보를 수록하고 있어 그 안에서 하서의 문집에는 수록되지 않은 습유 저작을 다수 발견할 수 있었다.

This paper looked at the existing situation and the uniqueness of the Hasu(河西) kim Inhu(金 麟厚)’s collection of works. As a result, The first edition includes a piece missing in the second edition. For the title of the same work, the second edition differs from the third edition. And in the third edition, The missing piece is found through the annual report. This research found the performance that were found missing pieces. But I did not review for that depth meaning, and postpone it to a later date.

최근 세계경제는 2008년 글로벌 금융위기 이후 신흥국의 금융·외환시장 혼란, 국제테러 확산에 따른 지정학적 리스크 증대, 선진국을 중심으로 한 신보호주의 대두 등으로 불확실성이 심화되고 있습니다. 2000년대 초 신흥시장 부상의 신호탄을 알리며 등장한 신조어 BRICs는 브라질과 러시아의 경기 침체로 인해 그 의미가 무색해지며 신흥지역에 대한 비관론이 제기되고 있습니다. 그러나 신흥지역이 글로벌경제에서 차지하는 비중은 갈수록 높아지고 있으며, 세계경제 성장에 대한 기여도도 여전히 선진국을 크게 앞서고 있습니다. 글로벌 경기침체 속에서 확산되고 있는 신보호무역주의, 신고립주의에 대응하기 위해 우리나라는 선진국과 신흥국을 잇는 가교역할을 하며 지속가능한 성장 모멘텀을 확보해야 합니다. 이에 따라 종합적이며 심층적인 연구를 통한 신흥지역에 대한 정확한 이해가 다른 어느 때보다도 필요합니다. 그러나 점증하는 연구수요에도 불구하고 신흥지역에 대한 통합적인 연구는 여전히 크게 부족합니다. 이러한 인식하에 대외경제정책연구원은 신흥지역에 대한 정치·경제뿐만 아니라 사회·문화·종교 등에 대한 포괄적이고 심층적인 연구를 지원하고 지역연구의 저변 확대를 위해 2009년부터 ‘전략지역 심층연구’ 사업을 수행해오고 있습니다. 대외경제정책연구원은 이의 일환으로 국내외 신흥지역 전문가간의 네트워크 활성화, 심층 연구보고서 및 국내외 논문집 발간, 국내 12개 지역학회와 공동으로 ‘신흥지역연구 통합학술회의’ 개최, 해외 저명 신흥지역 전문가 초청 등 다양한 사업을 추진해오고 있습니다. 특히, 2016년에는 해외 많은 지역 전문가들의 관심과 참여 속에서 러시아-유라시아, 동남아시아, 인도-남아시아, 터키-동유럽 관련 총 9편의 연구가 수행되었습니다. 지난 6개월 동안 본 논문집의 발간을 위해 논문 선정단계부터 최종심의까지 진심어린 논평을 통해 논문의 질적 향상에 도움을 주신 심사위원님들과 폭 넓은 주제로 심층적인 연구를 수행해주신 해외 연구자들의 노고에 깊은 감사의 말씀을 드립니다. 이 논문집에 게재된 내용은 각 연구자의 개인적인 견해이며, 연구원의 공식적인 입장이 아님을 밝힙니다. 본 논문집이 우리 기업의 신흥지역 진출뿐만 아니라 우리 정부의 신흥국 통상협력정책 수립에 기여하고, 더 나아가 우리나라와 신흥지역의 동반성장 방안을 모색하는 데 도움이 되기를 바랍니다. 앞으로도 논문집 발간을 비롯한 ‘전략지역 심층연구’ 사업에 많은 관심과 성원을 부탁드립니다.

Following the 2008 global financial crisis, uncertainty is escalating in the world economy amid disruptions in the financial and foreign exchange markets of emerging economies, mounting geopolitical instabilities triggered by the spread of international terrorism, and rising protectionism in advanced countries. While the term “BRICs” signaled the emergence of new markets in the early 2000s it has since become associated with pessimistic views regarding the future of emerging markets as growth falters in Brazil and Russia. However, emerging markets are vastly outpacing advanced economies in terms of their contribution to global economic growth. In response to protectionism and isolationism in the sluggish global economy, Korea should act as a mediator between the advanced and emerging countries, providing the momentum for sustainable development. Thus, comprehensive and in-depth research is needed for better understanding about emerging economies. Despite increasing demands for Area Studies, there is still a lack of systematic and insightful research on emerging markets. In this regard, Korea Institute for International Economic Policy (KIEP) launched the “Studies in Comprehensive Regional Strategies” project in 2009 with the aim of providing readily applicable international economic policy recommendations for policy makers, as well as the public, and to expand the promotion of Area Studies across the spheres of economics, politics, society, and culture. KIEP carries out a mixed bag of projects as it strengthens networks with regional experts, publishes research papers, jointly holds the international conference “KIEP and Associations of Area Studies,” and invites prominent scholars from around the world. In particular, we annually call for research papers from regional experts in Area Studies and publish these papers in a single volume. This year, for the first time, nine prominent scholars across the world have conducted their own research in the areas of Russia-Eurasia, South East Asia, India-South Asia, and Turkey-Eastern Europe. It is our hope that this informative body of research will prove useful to broadening readers’ understanding and knowledge of Area Studies. We also hope these research papers will contribute to the lively overseas expansion of Korean enterprises and the establishment of trade policies by the Korean government, and suggest ways to overcome challenges that trouble emerging economies. On behalf of KIEP, I would like to express our deepest gratitude and appreciation to the referees for their rigorous and helpful reviewing of the papers, as well as the authors for their endeavors to create considerable merit in the papers. The opinions expressed in the papers are the author’s own and do not represent the official views of KIEP. We sincerely look forward to your continued interest in and encouragement of “Studies in Comprehensive Regional Strategies” and KIEP.

This paper aims to reexamine Garam(嘉藍) Lee Byeong-gi (李秉岐, 1891-1968), who is well known as a Sijo poet and scholar of Korean studies, from the perspective of a modern bibliographer. To this end, we comprehensively examined Garam’s collection and transaction history of old books and bibliographic research activities, focusing on the complete collection of Garam Diaries(嘉藍日記, 5 volumes) published in 2024. The Garam Diaries, which were written over a period of 57 years, were written differently in Chinese, Korean, and mixed Korean and Korean scripts depending on the period. Based on this, we divided Garam’s diary writing into early, middle, and late periods and examined the changes in Garam’s academic attitude toward old books and bibliographies. In addition, this paper presented four reasons why Garam can be evaluated as a modern bibliographer. Garam 1) had a specialized eye for bibliography, 2) had an outstanding ability (eye for discernment) to distinguish genuine from fakes by examining the editions and bibliographic information of books, 3) attempted to systematically convey bibliographic information through the study of classical texts and the writing of commentaries and annotations, and 4) was a lifelong collector of valuable books and various authentic books, confirming his appearance as a modern bibliographer. This paper is merely the first step toward reestablishing Garam’s academic status as a modern bibliographer.

When Kyungjabon(庚子本) Toegyejip(退溪集) was first published in A.D.1600, the part of Letters were organized by their recipients rather than their contents. In addition, according to the relationship between Toegye and the recipients, they were divided into four categories of 'figures of the time[時], acquaintances[知], disciples[門], and blood relatives[家]' and edited in order of creation date. In Toegyejip a number of materials are eliminated(刪節) and deleted(刪去). Afterwards through the publications of Toegyeseonsaengsokjip(退溪先生續集) in A.D.1746 or thereabouts and Bunnambon(樊南本) Dosanjeonseo(陶山全書) in A.D.1869, all the data is now close to the circle. However, in the middle of these, the format principle of the first organization was basically maintained. The Critical edition of the Collected Works of Toegye(定本 退溪全書) promoted to meet the needs of today's academics around has the goal of presenting the criterion text of Toegye(退溪) YiHwang(李滉)’s works. The format of organizing it inherits the tradition of Kyungjabon and Bunnambon. And at the same time it was established in consideration of modern academic requirements and standards, and convenience that can be conveniently used both academically and internationally. The main text was confirmed and marked based on the Gyemyogyojeongbon(癸卯校正本), Toegyeseonsaengsokjip and Bunnambon, and all major differences were contrasted with each other as much as possible. To each letter serial numbers and special marks are included to provide information on the history of edition. In addition, each letter has a brief description of the recipient and the date of its creation and, if necessary, appended the information notes on editing and materials. Also, if necessary, the editor’s explanations were added.

Compiling The Critical Edition of the Collected Works of Toegye(定本 退溪全書) is in progress with the aim of completion in 2018 by the Toegye Studies Institute, to meet today’s academic needs. The purpose of this paper is to present a table of contents for the prose, except for the letters. In case of the prose, it is the editorial principle to keep the classification by literary genre of the existing Toegyejip(退溪集), and then ascertain the time when the articles were written and modify the contents accordingly. However, in order to apply the principles in the actual editing process, many problems must be solved. After reviewing these problems in detail, it will propose a table of contents for the prose.

정본(定本)이란 곧 해당 자료에 대한, 학술적 검증과 정리를 거친 확정된 판본을 의미한다. 정본이 편성된 후에야 비로소 해당 자료에 대한 의미 있는, 즉 신뢰할 만한 연구가 개시될 수 있으며, 번역이든, 주석이든, 사전 편찬이든, 이른바 기초 사업이라고 할 수 있는 것들이 착오 없이 진행될 수 있다는 점에서 정본 편성 사업이야말로 기초 사업 중의 기초 사업이라 할 수 있다. 즉, 한국학 고문헌들의 정본 편성 사업은 국학 연구에서 가장 중요한 사업이라고 할 수는 없어도 모든 한국학 관련 사업에 앞서 가장 먼저 시행되어야 할 우선적인 사업이라고 할 수 있다. 이 글에서는 『정본(定本) 퇴계전서(退溪全書)』의 편성에 일부 참여한 경험을 전달함으로써 여타 정본 사업들이 구체적인 내용과 방향을 잡고서 힘 있게 추진되는 데 조금이나마 힘을 보태고자 한다.

This paper analyzes the background and composition of Chungmurok ( 錄), published in Gyeongsang Province in 1495, and highlights its significance as the first edition of the Collected Works of Zhuge Liang ( 諸葛亮集) published in both Joseon and Ming. It also traces the process of its transmission, offering insights into the history of book exchanges between Korea and China. According to the preface and postscript, Chungmurok was compiled by Ma Wei ( 馬偉), who served as a chief secretary in the Qin and Tang vassals of the Ming Dynasty. The woodblock printing was completed in Nanyang ( and printed in Hangzhou ( 南陽) in 1453 杭州) in 1455. The book was then transmitted to the Yongping Magistracy ( 永平府), and in 1492, Kim Je-sin ( 金悌臣, 1438–1499), who was on a mission to China, purchased it and brought it back to Joseon. It was republished and distributed in Gyeongsang Province in 1495. The work consists of three chapters in one volume: the first chapter, Biography ( 傳), the second chapter, Historical Facts ( Appendix ( 事實), and the third chapter, 附錄). The first chapter includes Zhuge Liang’s biography from the Records of the Three Kingdoms. The second chapter confirms that articles related to Zhuge Liang, excerpted from the Outlines and Details of the Comprehensive Mirror to Aid in Government ( 資治通鑑綱目), are included. The third chapter contains writings from later generations, categorized into critiques ( 評論), accounts ( 說), epitaphs ( 碑記), praises ( 贊), inscriptions ( 銘), poems ( 詩賦), poems and writings by contemporary scholars ( 國朝諸儒題詠), postscripts ( and arguments ( 跋), 辯). This format, centered on biographies and supplemented by historical data and later generations’ poems, mirrors the structure of the Collected Works of Zhuge Liang.