Earticle

범죄자의 회복과 재사회화를 도모하던 근대의 형사정책이 현대 사회에 들어서 회복적 사법과 치료적 사법을 추구하고 있다. 이에 교정교화프로그램은 정체되어 있어 수용자에 대한 새로운 패러다임이 필요하다. 이 연구는 부산교도소에서 조사 징벌 중인 수용자, 입실거부 수용자 등 문제수 용자 대상으로 진행한 써클프로그램이 수용자들의 심신을 안정화시키고 자기반 성과 동료수용자를 이해하면서 교도소의 수용생활을 영위함에 관규를 준수하고 적응하도록 하는지 즉 회복적 심리치료에 효과가 있는지를 알아보고자 한 것으로 연구 결과, 써클프로그램은 회복적 심리치료에 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

Modern criminal policies, which sought to restore and socialize criminals, have entered the modern society and are pursuing resilient judicial and therapeutic practices. It is therapeutic justice to aim for the treatment of criminals and crime victims beyond the resilient judicial system that seeks the recovery of damage and the recovery of crime victims and perpetrators, and in particular, it is necessary to apply this concept of therapeutic death to criminals with problems related to addiction. The mitigation of human rights and the use of protective equipment are breaking down various correctional orders, such as refusal of inmates to enter the prison and undermining the lack of correctional order of punitive effects, and making it difficult for prison guards to carry out the law properly, while inmates are also ahead of the times, but the correctional reform program is stagnant, which requires a new paradigm for inmates. This study is an important purpose of this program in order to stabilize the mind and body of the inmates through the inmates' circle program, to psychologically stabilize the inmates through the participation of the circle program instructor, and to comply with and adapt to the rules of the prison camp. This is meaningful in that the circle program is implemented to the inmates who refuse to enter the room using the resilient method to improve the negative emotions and satisfaction of the inmates who refuse to enter the room repeatedly, and to effectively manage information and stress on the acceptance life to observe the aspects of interpersonal relations and to improve their ability to cope with the problem.

본 연구는 회복적 서클 프로그램이 초등학교 아동의 용서수준에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 서울특별시 M초등학교 6학년 7개 학급을 대상으로 용서심리검사를 실시하여 동질성이 확보된 2학급을 선정하고, 한 학급을 실험집단으로 나머지 한 학급을 통제집단으로 설정하였다. 실험집단에는 4주 동안 1회기 40분씩 총 10회기의 회복적 서클 프로그램을 실시하고, 통제집단에는 아무런 처치를 가하지 않았다. 회복적 서클 프로그램 개입이 끝난 후 두 집단을 대상으로 용서수준 사후검사를 실시하였다. 본 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 실험집단은 통제집단에 비해 용서수준과 그 하위요인인 인지적 용서수준, 정서적 용서수준, 행동적 용서수준에서 유의미한 향상을 보였다. 검사지 반응 분석 결과의 보완을 위한 참여아동의 프로그램 평가와 연구자의 관찰을 분석한 결과, 회복적 서클 프로그램을 통해 자신에게 상처를 준 사람에 대해 부정적인 감정을 표현하고 상대방의 입장에서 생각해 볼 수 있게 되었으며 더 나아가 긍정적으로 반응할 수 있게 된 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과는 회복적 서클 프로그램이 대인관계 상처로 유발되는 부정적인 반응을 해소하고 긍정적인 반응을 증가시킴으로써, 아동의 용서수준 향상에 효과적일 수 있음을 보여준다.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of restorative circle program on elementary school children’s forgiveness. To achieve this purpose, Two out of seven classes of M elementary school were selected as subjects. The experimental group took part in 10 sessions of restorative circle program for 4 weeks, while the controlled group did not. After the experiment, a post-test was given to verify the effects of the program. The results of the quantitative analysis were as follows. The experimental group showed a significant increase in forgiveness level and its sub-factors(perceptive forgiveness level, emotional forgiveness level, behavioral forgiveness level). The observation analysis and self-reports showed that students were able to express their negative emotion towards those people who gave wound, think in other’s perspective, and furthermore react positively through restorative circle program. These results showed that restorative circle program was effective in improving children’s level of forgiveness by reducing negative response towards others as well as increasing positive response.

This paper presents an improvement for calculating method of astronomical ship position based on circle of equal altitude equation. In addition, to enhance the accuracy of ship position achieved from solving equation system, the authors used singular value decomposition (SVD) in least square method instead of normal decomposition. In maths, the SVD was proved more numerically stable than normal decomposition. Therefore, the solution of equation system will be more efficient and the result would be more accurate than previous methods. By proposal algorithm, a computer program have been developed to help the navigators in calculating directly ship position when the modern equipment has failure. Finally, some of experiments are carried out to verify effectiveness of proposed algorithm, the results show that the accuracy of ship position based on new method is better than the intercept method.

본 연구는 회복적 생활교육 접근에 기반하여 유아들 간 관계강화를 위한 서클프로그램을개발하고 유아의 공감능력 및 공동체의식에 미치는 효과를 알아보는 것에 그 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 경기도 A시에 위치한 B초등학교병설유치원과 J초등학교병설유치원 만 3, 4, 5세유아 48명이다. 2020년 5월부터 7월까지 실험집단에는 회복적 생활교육을 기반으로 한 관계강화 서클프로그램을 적용하고 비교집단에는 주제별 인성교육활동을 적용한 뒤 자료를 수집한 후 SPSS 26.0을 사용하여 독립표본 t 검정하였다. 연구결과는 첫째, 본 프로그램은 유아의공감능력 향상에 효과적이었다. 실험집단의 유아들은 서클활동을 경험한 후 사전검사와 비교하였을 때 사후검사에서 기쁨, 슬픔, 분노의 영역에서 비교집단보다 평균점수가 높았으며, 통계적으로 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 둘째, 본 프로그램은 유아의 공동체의식 향상에 효과적인것으로 나타났다. 프로그램에 참여한 유아들은 서클활동을 경험한 후 소속감, 조화, 자발적참여, 공공의식, 일체감 및 상호영향의식의 영역 모두에서 비교집단보다 평균점수가 높았으며, 통계적으로도 유의미한 차이를 나타내었다. 본 연구는 회복적 생활교육 접근이 유아 또래관계에도 적용될 수 있으며, 그 효과가 있음을 보여주었다는 점에서 유아생활지도, 사회성교육에 시사점을 준다.

The purpose of this study is to develop a circle program for re-affirming relationships among young children based on a restorative life-education approach and to examine the impact of young children's empathy and community consciousness. The subjects of the study were 48 young children aged three, four, and five years old at H Elementary SchoolAffiliated Kindergarten and J Elementary School-Affiliated Kindergarten located in A-si, Gyeonggi-do. From May to July 2020, a re-affirming relationships program based on restorative life-education was applied to the experimental group, and personality education activities by subject were applied to the comparative group. The data were collected, and independent sample t-test was employed using SPSS 26.0. First, this program was effective in improving young children’s ability related to empathy. Young children in the experimental group had higher average scores in the areas of joy, sadness, and anger in the post-test compared to the pre-test after experiencing the circle, and the difference was statistically significant. Second, this program was found to be effective in improving young children's sense of community. Young children who participated in the program had higher average scores than the comparative group in all areas of belonging, harmony, voluntary participation, public consciousness, unity, and mutual influence after experiencing the circle, and the differences were statistically significant. This study has implications for early childhood life guidance and sociality education in that the restorative life-education approach can also be effectively applied to young children's peer relationships.

The field of correction of the Ministry of Justice is more important than any other field of society, and among them, the field of correctional welfare is considered the most important in the field of counseling, psychology, and education correctional welfare. Modern criminal policies that sought the recovery and re-socialization of criminals have entered modern society and are pursuing restorative justice and therapeutic justice. Accordingly, the calibration program is stagnant, so a new paradigm for the recipient is needed. This study aims to find out whether the circle program for problem inmates, such as inmates who are investigating and punishing at AAA Prison, stabilizes the mind and body of inmates, self-reflection, and understands fellow inmates, and is effective in restorative psychotherapy. if they are treated by group and circle, the future of prisons is expected to be hopeful.

In this study, to raise the scientific literacy for students, the teaching and learning program was developed by applying the Circle Map. The purpose of this study was to find out the Effect of Elementary Science Teaching Program with Circle Map on Learning Motive and Learning Achievement. To this end, the 6th grade classroom of A-elementary school located in Jeju-city was selected the experimental group (25 patients). And the other 6th grade classroom in the same school was selected to the comparative group (25 patients). The experimental group was conducted applying the Circle Map. Comparison group has been conducted lesson program in accordance with the general science class teacher guide. Was through a pre-test of science learning motivation and academic achievement level can be assumed in the same group. After completing the experimental treatment by conducting a post-mortem examination was statistically validated. In this study, the following conclusions were obtained. First, elementary science class which applied Circle Map had the effect of to improve the scientific motivation(p <.05). In particular, association in the experimental group were higher than the scores of the comparative group, the difference was significant. Second, the Circle Map applied to elementary science class had a significant effect on improving science achievement. The experimental group which applied Circle Map was higher than the comparative group in science achievement post-test comparison. Between the groups showed a significant difference between the two groups(p <.05). The above findings, Elementary science class which applied Circle Map can be concluded to be effective in science and science achievement motivation. Therefore, applying the Circle Map of elementary science class could be useful in science teaching and learning methods. In addition, when it is determined through the previous study, applying the Circle Map classes will be able to derive a meaningful learning also subjected to a number of fields and areas.

This paper is to present the problem of ＱC technique usage and improvement alternative in the ＱC circle. First, in the selection theme, it must have easy relations of tangible/intangible effects through simple theme's title. And contents development most be consistency in tangible/intangible effects. Second, in the usage of ＱC technique, it is necessary to strengthen QC circle activity through ＱC circle education. So in the aspects of long-term period. Internal instruction is strengthened and, in the aspects of short-term period, internal evaluation is established.

본고에서는 한국어 어휘 체계 중 가장 큰 비중을 차지하고 있는 한자어의 필요성을 인지함으로써 비한자문화권 초급 한국어 학습자를 위한 한자어 교육 방안을 제시하였다. 기존 연구에서 일부 학자들이 비한자문화권 한국어 학습자를 위한 한자어 교육 방안을 제시하였지만 한자어와 한자의 연관성을 고려하여 한자 지식이 전혀 없는 학습자들에게 한자를 우선적으로 가르쳐야 한다는 연구가 많았다. 그러나 본고에서는 초급 한국어 학습자들에게 한자어를 배우기 위해 한자부터 학습하는 것은 매우 어려운 현실이기 때문에 기존 한자어 교육 방법과 달리 한자어와 한자의 연관성을 활용하는 새로운 교육 방안을 고찰하였다. 우선 한국어능력시험(TOPIK)에서 제시된 초급 어휘 목록을 추출하고, 초급 단계에서 학습자가 학습해야 할 한자어를 선정하였다. 다음으로 선정된 한자어를 단자(單字) 단위로 이에 대응된 각각의 의미의 양상을 분석하였다. 즉 단자와 이에 대응된 의미, 관련된 한자어, 난이도, 중요도에 따라 분석 정리하고, 이와 관련된 한자어와 대응 의미의 비율을 고찰하였다. 그리고 점수를 산정하여 2점 이상의 단자와 이에 대응된 한자어를 구체적으로 분석하여 비한자문화권 학습자를 위한 초급 한자어 교수·학습 모형과 이를 적용한 교육 방안을 제시하였다. 본고에서 제시한 새로운 시도가 한자어를 학습하는 과정에서 한자의 특성, 단자의 의미 파악, 고유어 및 한자어를 통합적으로 학습할 수 있다는 점에서 본고의 의의가 있다고 본다.

This thesis mainly studies the Sino-Korean word with the highest proportion in the Korean vocabulary system, and proposes a Sino-Korean word education program for non-Chinese cultural circles. Although many scholars have proposed the education programs of Sino-Korean word for Korean learners who are not in the Chinese cultural circle, most of them advocate that learners who have no Chinese knowledge should learn Chinese characters first before learning Sino-Korean word. In the field of Korean language education, the idea of learning Chinese characters to learn learning Sino-Korean runs counter to the original intention of learners to learn Korean. Therefore, this thesis argues that there is only necessary to use the relevance of Sino-Korean word and Chinese characters to learn Sino-Korean word, while the learning of Chinese characters is not essential. That is to say,in the process of learning a Sino-Korean word, the learner can achieve the learning of both the Sino-Korean word and the pure-Korean word by marking each individual character that constitutes a Sino-Korean word and its unique meaning with an pure-Korean word, which also helps to improve the Korean vocabulary. First, the vocabulary catalogue provided by the Korean Language Proficiency Test(TOPIK) was used as the basis, and the Sino-Korean words that the learners must master in the primary stage were selected. The selected Sino-Korean words were then parsed in units of words. That is to say, for each word and its corresponding meaning, the associated Sino-Korean word in units of words, difficulty and importance are collated and analyzed. And an analysis of the proportion of associated Sino-Korean word and corresponding meanings. Through the calculation, the individual character with the proportion of 2 points or more and its associated Sino-Korean word characters were selected for detailed analysis. Based on this, A specific preliminary Sino-Korean word education program and learning model for Korean learners in the non-Chinese character circle were proposed. The new attempt put forward in this thesis can be used to study the characteristics of Sino-Korean word, the meaning of individual character, the intrinsic words and the Sino-Korean word in the process of learning Sino-Korean word in non-Chinese character culture circles, Which may have a very significant meaning in the Korean language education field.

본 연구는 이야기나누기 수업에서 신체화된 교육 운영을 위한 교수연수프로그램을 구성하고, 이를 경험한 교사들의 반응을 알아봄으로써 유아교사연수 프로그램의 새로운 방향성을 모색하기 위한 것이다. 본 연수는 2013년 U시 유아교육진흥원에서 실시된 ‘생애주기별 직무연수 참여한 유아교사 60명을 대상으로 4월과 5월동안 주1회 4시간 총 32시간 진행되었다. 자료 수집은 참여관찰, 참여교사의 자기보고서, 연구자일지 등으로 이루어졌으며, 연수 내용은 신체와 교육에 관한 철학 및 이론을 토대로 주제읽기, 내러티브 창안하기, 매체 활용하기에 대한 강의와 워크숍, 시범과 수업에의 실제적용으로 구성되었다. 참여교사들은 연수 참여를 통해서 세계와 사물을 새로운 시선으로 바라보는 경험과 이야기나누기 수업에서 신체화된 교육을 위한 유아교수의 새로운 가능성을 경험하였다. 그것은 첫째, 유아교육의 놀이중심 원리에 대한 반성적 자각, 둘째 교사의 신체화된 경험을 통한 신체화된 교육의 이해, 셋째 교사의 교육철학과 실제와의 포괄적 이해와 새로운 비전을 깨달음이다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구는 첫째, 신체화된 교육은 유아교육이 궁극적으로 지향하는 놀이중심 유아교육의 성실하고 적극적인 실천이며 둘째, 신체화된 교육의 실행할 수 있는 힘은 교사의 미적지각이며, 이에 셋째 유아교사의 미적 인식을 고양하기 위한 구체적 실천이 동반된 교사교육이 요청됨을 논의하였다. 이는 교사연수 프로그램이 세계와 사물에 대한 진리를 추구하는 교육의 본래 모습을 찾아가는 길이 되어줄 것으로 기대된다.

This study aims at developing early childhood teacher's education programs to implementation of the embodied curriculum in circle time. The study was conducted for one week, 16 hours from April and May, aimed at 60 early childhood teaches teachers who applied for the in-service educational support program on presentation area. The presentation area of in-service educational support program consisted of reading of a theme, creating a narrative, and using use of instructional media provided into lectures, workshop with small groups, demonstration, and application. The results of the study showed that the participating teachers showed new perspectives about things in daily life and pedagogical change. The study also indicated that the significance of the embodied curriculum is active practice of early childhood education based on play, that the performance capabilities is teachers'' aesthetical of perception, and that concrete implementation for improving the aesthetic perception of the teacher to in-service educational support programs needs. This study expects that this in-service educational support program will be able to help early childhood teachers to find the essence of education that seeks the truth about the world and the things.