Earticle

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of the Individual-Organizational Compatibility on Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Hotel Employees and to verify whether Empowerment has a moderating effect in the relationship between Individual-Organizational Compatibility and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. For the empirical analysis, this study distributed a total of 300 copies of a questionnaire. Among them, 283 responses were selected finally for the analysis. Based on the questionnaires returned, this study conducted the validity and reliability tests of the questionnaire. The results of this study reveal firstly, the higher the subjects’ individual and organizational compatibility was, the organization’s citizenship behavior was higher in terms of every aspects: altruism, etiquettes, sportsmanship, citizenship behaviors and conscience. Secondly, as a result of examining the effects of the individual and organizational compatibility on subjects’ altruism, etiquettes, sportsmanship, citizenship behaviors, it was found that the empowerment would have not moderating effects. Lastly, it was found that the empowerment has some significant moderating impact on the effects of the individual and organizational compatibility on subjects’ conscience.

The objective of this study is to propose the principle and method of the spatial system modification for the compatibility of habitability and tourism convenience in cultural property villages. Based on the field survey on tourists' routes, activities and their durations in Oeam-maeul, the problems of conflict, between habitability/residents and tourism/tourists, and their causes are analyzed. And the modification principle and method of spatial system is proposed as follows; The basic principle of the spatial system modification is to respect the traditional hierarchy in village roads, between the main road and sub-roads, and the territoriality of settlement space that is typically differentiated as the social, individual, and ceremonial domains, from the front to rear part of settlement. With this principle, it is recommended to restrict the tour route to one that is composed of the main road and the periphery road of housing area, and some connecting sub-roads. based on the surveyed tourists’s routes. And it is suggested that the tourist facilities, whether they are existing houses or newly built buildings, and the tourist programs are necessary for experience tourism to cultural property villages, and they are proposed to be placed along the restricted tour route.

Analyzing the consistency is the important part of business process management (BPM). Existing researches only consider the structural consistency of process model, or analyzing the single data. However, sometimes, the model is consistency without considering data in real life, while it is inconsistency after analyzing control and data. In this paper, based on the labeled behavioral Petri net, considering the change of data, the control flow and data flow of business process model is established from the perspective of partner process, and then obtains the interactive process model by interacting them. In the end, according behavior profile and behavior mapping, the behavior vector of the mapping transitions is given to calculate the behavioral distance vector and gets the behavior compatibility between the corresponding process models. If all behavior compatibilities can close to 1, BPM is consistency, and vice versa. In addition, it is proven that the method is valid by analyzing the theory and example.

Fusarium isolates of Gibberella fujikuroi species complex were obtained from sorghum grown in five provinces of Korea in 1996 and 1997. These isolates were characterized based on their mating behavior, mycotoxin production, and vegetative compatibility. Only three mating populations (A, D, and F) were recovered from a total of 155 isolates examined. The relative frequency of the mating populations was significantly different: F was predominant (80%), while D and A were observed at low frequencies of 9% and 3%, respectively. Female fertile isolates were more common within F (44 our of 124) than D (2 out of 14), while none of the five A isolates were female fertile. The inbreeding effective population sizes ($\textrm{N}_e$)for mating type and male/hermaphrodite ratios in mating populations A and D produced significant amounts of fumonisins, while F isolates produced none or only traces of fumonisin B$_1$. In contrast. F isolates produced higher amounts of moniliformin (average of 3,820 ppm) than A and D isolates (averages of 77 and 1,819 ppm, respectively). Fifty-one isolates were tested for vegetative compatibility using nitrogen non-utilization mutants of each isolate, and 44 vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) were identified. A single VC type (VC1) was found in all of the five A isolates examined. Six of the D isolates examined consisted of three VC types: two for VC2, two for VC3, and the rest for VC4. All of the F isolates tested were incompatible in every combination and , thus, each constituted a unique VCG.

Despite the rapid global proliferation of FinTech services, adoption behavior in Central Asian economies remains poorly understood. This study investigates the determinants of FinTech adoption in Uzbekistan ? a post-Soviet, Muslim-majority economy undergoing government-directed digital transformation ? by developing and empirically testing a unified structural model that integrates cognitive, institutional, uncertainty-related, and normative dimensions of user behavior. Drawing on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions are consolidated into an aggregated construct termed Overall Technology Acceptance (OTA), which captures the holistic nature of technological evaluation characteristic of rapidly digitalizing emerging economies. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was applied to survey data from 331 FinTech users to examine the effects of OTA, trust, perceived risk, and Islamic finance compatibility on behavioral intention and actual use. The results reveal that OTA is the strongest predictor of behavioral intention (β = 0.731, p < 0.001), followed by Islamic finance compatibility and trust, together explaining 68.0% of the variance in adoption intention. Contrary to the prevailing pattern in FinTech literature, perceived risk exerts no significant influence on behavioral intention ? a finding attributed to user experience habituation and institutional risk displacement under Uzbekistan's state-led digitalization agenda. Behavioral intention strongly predicts actual FinTech use and fully mediates the effects of OTA, trust, and Islamic finance compatibility on usage behavior, accounting for 71.2% of variance in actual use. This study makes three theoretical contributions. First, it provides empirical evidence from an underrepresented emerging economy and demonstrates how its distinctive institutional and cultural characteristics shape digital financial behavior. Second, it introduces and validates OTA as a context-sensitive UTAUT operationalization suited to environments where users evaluate FinTech holistically rather than across discrete acceptance dimensions. Third, it establishes Islamic finance compatibility as an independent adoption driver in a secular institutional context, challenging the assumption that religious compatibility effects require formal Islamic banking infrastructure to materialize. These findings offer practical guidance for FinTech providers and policymakers seeking to advance inclusive digital financial services in emerging economies.

[연구목적] 본 연구는 소매기업의 옴니채널 환경에서 소비자의 적합성 요인인 개인화와부합성이 인지적 평가 및 쾌락적 경험 가치를 매개하여 가치 공동창조행동에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 하였다. [연구방법] 연구목적을 규명하기 위해 최근 6개월 이내 옴니채널 이용 경험이 있는 소비자를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, SmartPLS를 활용하여 구조방정식 모델 분석과매개효과 검증을 수행하였다. [연구결과] 옴니채널에 대한 소비자 적합성인 개인화와 부합성은 인지적 평가와 쾌락적경험 가치 모두에 유의한 정(＋)의 영향을 주었으며, 인지적 평가는 쾌락적 경험 가치에정(＋)의 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 가치 공동창조행동에는 쾌락적 경험 가치가정(＋)의 영향을 미쳤으나, 인지적 평가는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 개인화와 부합성 모두 쾌락적 경험 가치를 매개로 하여 가치 공동창조행동에 유의한 영향을미치는 것으로 나타난 반면, 인지적 평가의 매개효과 및 인지적 평가와 쾌락적 가치의 순차적 매개효과는 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. [연구의 시사점] 본 연구는 옴니채널에 대한 소비자 적합성과 가치 공동창조행동과의 연계성을 검증함으로써 기업이 옴니채널 전략을 수립할 때 소비자에게 긍정적인 태도와 감정적 몰입을 유도하고, 소비자의 라이프스타일에 정교하게 맞춘 서비스를 설계하며, 소비자가 쇼핑을 하나의 놀이로 인식할 수 있도록 정서적 교감을 강화해야 함을 시사한다.

[Purpose] This study investigates how personalization and compatibility, as omnichannel consumer fit factors, influence value co－creation behavior through cognitive evaluation and hedonic experience value. [Methodology] To investigate the purpose, a survey was conducted with omnichannel users within the past six months. Data were analyzed using SmartPLS for structural equation modeling and mediation analysis. [Findings] Personalization and compatibility significantly enhanced both cognitive evaluation and hedonic value. Cognitive evaluation positively influenced hedonic value, supporting a “cognitive－affective” transition. While hedonic value significantly drove value co－creation behavior, cognitive evaluation showed no direct effect. Both fit factors influenced co－creation solely through hedonic value mediation; the mediating role of cognitive evaluation and sequential mediation were not significant. [Implications] This study verifies the relationship between consumer comparability for omnichannel and value co－creation behavior, thereby indicating that positive attitudes and emotional engagement with consumers are important in establishing corporate omnichannel strategies. It also aims to present strategic implications for strengthening emotional connection so that consumers can perceive shopping as a form of play, in addition to designing services that are precisely tailored to consumers' lifestyles.

본 연구에서는 한글 자사 타자 행동에서 자극-반응 합치도 효과가 나타나는 지의 여부를 알아보았다. 이를 위해 오른손에 2개, 왼손에 2개의 건반을 사용하고 자음과 모음을 담당하는 손을 조작하여 합치도가 높은 조건과 합치도가 낮은 조건으로 나누 었다. 그리고 한글 낱자를 제시하여 피험자로 하여금 가능한 한 빠르고 정확하게 반 응하도록 하고 반응 개시 시간과 반응간 시간을 측정하였다. 그 결과 한글 전사 타자 행동에서 자극-반응 합치도 효과가 나타났다. 즉 합치도가 높은 조건에서 세로 모음 글자를 타자하는 경우 촉진 효과가 나타났으며, 합치도가 낮은 조건에서는 억제 효과 가 나타났다. 그러나 합치도에 중성 자극인 가로 모음 글가에서는 자극-반응 합치도 효과가 나타나지 않았으며, 중성자극이 포함된 종성이 있는 글자에서는 자극-반응 합 치도 효과가 적게 나타났다. 또한 이중 모음 글자에서는 그 효과가 나타지 않았다. 또한 이러한 자극-반응 합치도 효과는 운동개시 시간에만 영향을 주었는데 이는 자극- 반응 합치도 효과가 운동 프로그램을 구성하는 단계에서만 영향을 미침을 나타내는 것이다.

The presnt study investigated the effect of stimulus-response compatibility (S-R compatibility) on Hangul transcription typing. In this experiment, two condition were manipulated, the first was a low S-R compatibility condition in which consonants were typed with left hand and vowels with right hand; the second was a high S-R compatibility condition in which hands for consonants and vowels were reversed. Subjects were requested to type the letter presented on the screen as accurately and immediately as possible. It was found that the compatibility interacted with the vowel shape. That is, in the high S-R compatibility condition, the response time was shorter when letters of vertically- shaped vowel were typed than when those of horizontally-shaped vowel were typed. In the low S-R compatibility codition, however, the response time was shorter for letters of horizontally-shaped vowel than for those of vertically-shaped vowel.

본 연구는 텀블러 사용 의도의 선행변인을 탐색하기 위해 계획된 행동이론에 주목하였으며, 호환성과 자연과의 유대감을 새로운 선행변인으로 논의하고, 주관적 규범과 국적의 상호작용효과를 분석하였다. 자기기입식 온라인 설문조사를 실시해서 한·중 20대 성인 144명의 답변을 수집한 뒤 연구가설과 연구문제를 분석한 결과, 계획된 행동이론의 주요 변인(태도․주관적 규범․지각된 행동 통제감) 가운데 주관적 규범이 텀블러 사용 의도에 유의미한 정적 영향(+)을 발휘했으며, 지각된 행동 통제감의 영향력은 유의미하지 않았다. 특히 텀블러 사용에 관한 주관적 규범과 국적의 상호작용효과가 발생하였는데, 중국 국적 표본에게 주관적 규범의 영향력이 상대적으로 더 강하게 나타났다. 새로운 선행변인으로 논의한 호환성과 자연과의 유대감은 텀블러 사용 의도에 유의미한 정적(+) 영향력을 발휘하는 것으로 나타났다. 분석 결과를 바탕으로, 한․중 20대 성인의 텀블러 사용 의도를 증진시키기 위한 차별적 전략을 논의하였다.

In this present research, we attempted to apply the theory of planned behavior to the investigation of people’s intentions to use the tumbler cups. Moreover, this research considered people’s perceptions of compatibility to use tumbler cups and connectedness with nature as major factors of determining people’s intentions to use those cups. It also analyzed potential interaction effects of subjective norms and nationalities on people’s intentions to use tumbler cups. This research collected 144 responses from Korean and Chinese adults in the 20s through online surveys. Statistical results show that subjective norms exerted a significant static effect(+) on the intention to use tumbler cups and that the influence of perceived behavior control was not statistically significant. Moreover, there was an interaction effect of nationalities and subjective norms on the intention to use tumbler cups. However, such an interaction effect was statistically significant only among Chinese participants. It was also found that people’s perceptions of compatibility to use tumbler cups and connectedness with nature were significantly and positively associated with their intentions to use tumbler cups. Based on this research’s main findings, it is recommended to develop unique strategies of enhancing people’s intentions to use tumbler cups, which would be specialized for Korean and Chinese adults in the 20s.