Earticle

This paper proposes a center field compensation system using PID control with auto-tuning to improve the temporal stability of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) magnets. The proposed control system is designed to mitigate magnetic field drift induced by screening currents, as well as fluctuations resulting from power supply ripple in HTS magnets. Various auto-tuning techniques were implemented and evaluated to optimize the controller gains, thereby improving the performance of the field compensation system. A background coil, simulating a HTS coil, and a central magnetic field compensation coil were fabricated, and experiments were carried out to compare the performance of each auto-tuning method based on Settling Time and %Overshoot. Experimental evaluation of the compensation coil demonstrated that the Cohen-Coon tuning method is the most effective for central magnetic field compensation. Current distortions, replicating drift caused by screening currents in HTS magnets and fluctuations from the power supply ripple, were applied to the background coil. Using the proposed method, the central magnetic field was successfully compensated, significantly enhancing the temporal stability of the magnet. After successful validation of the auto-tuning-based central magnetic field compensation technique, a Z0 compensation coil for the 400 MHz (9.4 T) HTS NMR magnet was designed and fabricated. Applying the proposed system to HTS NMR magnets is expected to significantly enhance the temporal stability of the magnetic field.

ELID grinding is an excellent technique for the mirror grinding of the variety of the advanced metallic or nonmetallic materials. The focus of this study is the development of an automatic-control electrolysis-speed device for the automation of the ELID-grinding process. For the development of the automatic-control electrolysis-speed device, analysis experiments regarding the ELID cycle and oxide-layer removal and creation were conducted according to a truing and dressing process. Also, a comparative experiment was conducted to confirm the variance of the electrolysis speed in accordance with changes of the voltage. The experiment results for the developed automatic-control electrolysis-speed device show that the developed device could control the electrolysis speed according to voltage changes through the use of the data that are monitored during the ELID-grinding process.

Flight simulators are crucial devices for aircraft piloting training and simulation, requiring regular inspections to maintain performance and operational quality. This study explores the development of an automated inspection system for flight simulators to automate quality inspections of control loading systems (CLS). While quality inspection of the control loading system (CLS) is essential for flight simulators, manual inspections are common practice. To address this, we developed an Auto Qualification Test Guide (Auto QTG) using artificial control logic and sensor data and applied it to the militarily simulator. Experimental results demonstrate that Auto QTG successfully automates quality inspections of CLS, enhancing accuracy and efficiency. This automated inspection system is expected to contribute to improving the operation and maintenance of flight simulators.

In this paper, we propose a loudness control system based on user’s capability of hearing and preference of jenre. We implemented an audiometry to catch user’s capability of hearing on smart device and reflect user’s preference of jenre. We acquired simulation results for five persons who have little capabilities of hearing for bass and treble areas. The results showed that the users satisfied at the varied loudness by raising or lowering the levels according to the capability of hearing and preference of loudness level.

Machining systems have been evolved to produce more detailed products of high added value. This has been possible, in large part, due to the development of highly accurate multi-axis CNC machine tools. The conventional CNC of machine tools has individual axis controllers to maximize tracking performance. On the other hand, cross-coupling controllers can be integrated into the conventional CNC to enhance contouring performance. For this multi-axis cross-coupling control system, it is necessary to automatically adjust the controller gains depending on operating conditions and/or other external conditions from an optimization perspective. This paper proposes automatic modeling of feed drive systems that minimizes the difference in behavior between the system model and the actual system. Based on the modeling, an integrated auto-tuning method is also proposed to improve both tracking and contouring accuracy of a 3-axis cross-coupling control system as well as users' convenience. The proposed methods are evaluated by both simulation and experiments.

최근 미국에서 TV를 제어할 때 기존의 리모컨 대신에 손동작을 이용하는 기술이 상용화되었다. 하지만 그것은 리모컨의 역할을 사람의 손동작으로 TV가 인식하는 응용기술로 써 실질적인 에너지 절약과는 거리가 있었다. 본 논문에서는 TV가 사용자의 모습을 영상처리를 하여 실제로 시청을 하지 않는 경우 전원을 제어하며 에너지를 절약하고 시청하지 못한 컨텐츠는 자동 저장하여 사용자가 원하는 시간에 다시 볼 수 있게 하는 기술을 제안한다. TV에 설치된 카메라 모듈을 통해 주기적으로 사용자의 모습을 촬영하고 Gabor 필터를 이용한 영상 처리로 사용자의 상태를 감시하여 잠이 들었다고 판단될 경우 TV 전원을 자동으로 차단시킨다. 스마트 미터를 도입한 실험 결과를 통해 제안 시스템을 사용하게 되면 기존대비 약 4.8배의 전력 소모를 줄일 수 있음을 확인할 수 있다.

Recently, the technology that controls televisions through users' hand movements instead of remote controls has been commercialized in the United States. However, it is only the substitutional applied technology of remote controls that recognizes a certain set of functions, so that this technology does not effectively economize the energy used by the equipment. In this paper, this new technology will be proposed. The technology provides a solution to prevent wasting power by image processing when the television is not being used. In addition, the new technology is able to record programming contents while the television is off, thus the user is capable of possessing a choice of which time the contents are being watched. Moreover, the motions of the user are continuously captured by the camera module installed in the television. The image data processed through image processing such as gabor filter delivers the method to monitor the state of the user. If the user falls asleep, the television shut itself down to save the power. Experimental results of the introduction of smart meters through the proposed system, if you use about 4.8 times compared to existing models that can reduce power consumption can be found.

최근 의류에 고기능성이 요구되면서 IT기술이 융합된 의류제품에 대한 수요가 높아 지고 있다. 군사, 헬스케어 등 특수 분야에서 섬유와 IT기술의 융합이 이루어져왔으며, 최근에는 일상생활에 적용 가능한 IT기술이 적용된 스마트 의류 기술이 개발되고 있다. 그 중 하나로 발열 기능을 부가한 스마트 의류의 상용화를 시작으로 세탁성 및 내 구성을 갖춘 발열기능 스마트 의류에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 현재 상 용화 되고 있는 발열기능의 스마트 의류는 발열체 및 신호선을 분리하고 세탁하여야 하며, 전원선의 경우 기존의 전자분야에서 상용화되고 있는 전선의 일종을 사용하고 있어 의류와의 이질감을 유발하는 문제점을 수반해오고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 발열에 적합 한 합연사를 개발하고, 이를 발열 패턴화 실험을 통 하여 적합한 발열사와 패턴을 도출하였다. 또한, 발열 텍스타일과 일체형으로 연결이 가능한 전원선을 설 계, 개발하고, 의류 적합형 부자재인 스냅 단추를 통 해 발열컨트롤러와 연결이 가능하도록 하여 의류와의 이물감을 최소화하였다. 이를 제어하기 위한 도구로 스마트 폰 적용 어플리케이션을 적용하여 단계조절 및 온도 자동제어가 가능하도록 구성하고 제품 및 제품을 통한 감성평가 결과를 제 시하였다.

According to escalate concerning of high function in clothing, needs of clothing product integrated IT technology have increased. convergence of clothing and IT technology was studied in specific fields such as military, health care, and so on. Recently, IT technology in smart clothing has been expanded in daily life. Not only function of heating characteristic but also characteristics of clothing, such as laundry and durability are demanded. Smart clothing for heating Heating pannel and power line must be separated for laundry in Smart clothing based on heating technology for customization. Also, electronic wire used power line has been accompanied with heterogeneity in clothing. In this study, embroidery pattern for integration of heating pannel and power line was developed for suitability of clothing. In addition, to minimize the feeling of irritation in the discomfort of the clothing heat controller is connected with snap button. Heating controller for heating clothing is composed with 3.7V battery and bluetooth for wireless communication with application. Smart phone application was developed with tool for level control and temperature auto control. Lately, function of smart clothing system for heating technology was verified temperature level test and sensibility estimation.

This paper proposes an AE (Auto-Exposure) control method for stereo cameras. Image processing has a problem that it shows different performance depending on brightness values even with the same image processing algorithm. Auto-exposure control solves this problem by maintaining the brightness value of the acquired image. If preprocessing maintains the brightness value of the acquired image in a stereo camera, the performance of the image-processing algorithm becomes more stable. Traditional Auto-exposure control methods change the average brightness value of the image to attain the desired brightness value. However, this method is a disadvantageous in that it responds sensitively to exterior lighting sources and incurs low resource efficiency. The proposed method uses Gaussian sampling, with more sampling in the center region such that the sensitivity to light from exterior areas decreases and the resource efficiency improves. In experiments we confirmed that the performance of the proposed method is improved compared to that of existing methods.

This paper proposes a method of automatic exposure that applies image histogram feature (HF) function, which is used under the condition of fast and extensively changing background lighting so as to take automatic exposure control of the high-speed camera. First, multi-spot metering is employed to fetch region of interest from the acquired images and to reduce the calculation amount of systematic metering. Then, by calculating HF function in the region of interest, large step length is selected and exposure time is roughly adjusted. Finally, fuzzy logic is used to calculate the accurately adjusted step length, and threshold limit is applied to search for the optimal exposure time with variable step length, in order to improve the accuracy and the stability of automatic exposure of high-speed cameras. According to the results, within 2ms, the brightness of a one-frame image is measured and exposure time is adjusted. Compared to the conventional automatic exposure methods that are based on the average brightness value, within 0 to 110ms, when light intensity of the light source repeatedly changes between 760lux and 23100lux, the image information entropy obtained by this method is increased by 48.38%, and the variance is reduced by 62.13%. As verified by dynamic experiments, on the premise of ensuring dynamic resolution of the camera, the method in this paper is able to rapidly acquire the optimal exposure time, to provide more favorable and more stable image details, and to offer reference for the subsequent automatic focusing, image recognition and target tracking.

Auto-disturbance-rejection control (ADRC) technology is nonlinear robust control technology. Its nonlinear feedback relies on the size and direction of the error between desired and the actual trajectory. When the controlled object is disturbed by uncertain factor or its parameters change, ADRC can transform nonlinear system into an integral series structure of linear system by using nonlinear transformation, what can realize feedback linearization of dynamic system and improve system’s control performance. According to above, we propose to apply ADRC technology to brushless DC motor control system to restrain torque ripple and improve system’s disturbance-rejection in this paper. After theoretical analysis the feasibility of this method, we made a simulation. Simulation results show that the effects of torque ripple suppression and anti disturbance ability of the system have been improved.

In this paper we have discussed the development of a new approach for small low cost helicopter based UAV in which independency of control system is achieved and other features like power enhancement, development, flight of helicopter at fix altitude of highly cost effective, autonomous reconnaissance UAV, suitable for safe flights in close environments . Our approach is focused on development of reliable flight control system in which constituent subsystem are independent of each other. The constituent subsystems being,  Altitude Control Subsystem  Spin Lock Subsystem  Horizontal Drift Control Subsystem Auto Pilot, Helicopter, UAV, Independent Control Systems, Fix Altitude, Cost Effective UAV

The impact of actuators should be considered in the prediction modeling of greenhouse air temperature. In this paper, the operating state of a greenhouse was divided into five sub-states based on the on-off characteristic of actuators. A group of novel incremental auto regressive models with external variables (IARX models) suitable for the five operat-ing sub-states were deduced from the mechanistic modeling of greenhouse air tempera-ture. The new IARX models have fewer coefficients than other known ARX models. In or-der to validate the IARX prediction models, the related environmental factors of a glass greenhouse were measured. The prediction results of the IARX models were compared with two typical ARX models. The maximum prediction errors and the mean square errors of the IARX models, under the three operating sub-states of passive state(all actuators are not working), mechanical ventilation and fan-pad cooling, are 0.1°C, 0.14°C, 0.7°C, and 0°C, 0.3°C, 0.4°C, respectively. The prediction results are much better than those of one compared model, while similar with the other.

본 논문에서는 운전자의 감성 정보를 이용하여 자동차를 제어하는 새로운 개념의 바이오 멀티미디어 오토 컨트롤시스템을 제안한다. 인간의 감성을 나타내는 생체신호로는 맥박, 혈압, 긴장도 등등이 될 수 있는데, 본 논문에서는 생체신호 중 하나인 적외선 맥박신호를 적용해 바이오 멀티미디어 오토 컨트롤시스템을 구성 하였다. 본 논문은 운전자의 맥박 정보를 자동차로 전송하여, 긴급 시에 자동으로 자동차를 제어하는 시스템 구현에 관한 연구이다.

Automatic monitoring and controling system, especially DO and MLSS was faciliated for the nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiencies. Removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus by automatic monitoring and controling system, especially DO and SRT was have well adopted. and so it will be possible to use artificial intelligence logic control software such as fuzzy or neuro logic control system for WWT Plant.

Optical monitoring using the chromatic aberration of focusing optics is applied to auto-focus control in laser welding. The spectral transmittance of thermal radiation from a weld pool through an aperture depends on the wavelength of the spectral band and on the distance of the weld pool from the focusing optics. Its dependence has been used to monitor the focus shift in laser welding by measuring the spectral band signals filtered by the aperture. The difference between pulsed and continuous laser welding is analyzed. Furthermore, the dependence of the focus shift monitoring on the weld pool size variation is optimized to monitor the focus shift independently from the laser power change at the weld pool. The performance of the auto-focus control with chromatic filtering is presented for pulsed laser welding.