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본 연구의 목적은 웹 콘텐츠의 맥락효과로 인한 배너광고의 효과를 검증하고자, 대표적인 웹 콘텐츠인 인터넷 기사와 배너광고의 인지적․감정적 맥락에 따른 광고효과를 검증하였다. 인지적 맥락은 웹 기사와 배너광고의 내용 일치성 및 관련성에 따른 배너광고의 맥락효과이며, 감정적 맥락은 웹 기사에 의해 유발된 감정에 따른 배너광고의 맥락효과이다. 또한 소비자 관여도를 웹 기사에 대한 관여도와 광고되는 제품에 대한 관여도로 세분화 시킨 후 각각에 따라 배너광고와 웹 기사의 맥락 효과가 어떻게 달라지는지를 살펴봄으로써, 인터넷 정보 처리과정에서 조절변인으로 작용하는 관여도의 역할을 검증하고자 했다. 온라인 실험을 통한 연구 결과, 배너광고와 웹 기사의 인지적 맥락효과는 광고태도와 구매의도에서, 감정적 맥락 효과는 광고태도, 브랜드태도, 구매의도에서 통계적으로 유의미한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 또한 배너광고와 웹 기사의 인지적 맥락과 감정적 맥락 간의 상호작용효과는 광고태도를 제외한 브랜드태도와 구매의도에서 유의한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 인지적․감정적 맥락과 기사 및 제품 관여도 간의 상호작용 효과를 검증한 결과 일부 유의한 결과가 도출되었다. 이와 같은 연구결과로 미루어 볼 때, 웹 기사 및 제품 관여도는 인지적․감정적 맥락광고의 효과에 조절적 역할을 하는 것으로 판단된다.

The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of cognitive and affective contextual ads. For this purpose, researchers comparatively analyzed if there would be any differences in consumers' attitudes towards ads and brands and their purchase intention in terms of the cognitive and affective contexts between web banners and news articles. In addition, this study divided consumers' involvement in the news article involvement and in the product category. Additionally, the study examined whether news article and product involvement play moderating roles which influence the cognitive․affective context between web banners and news articles. The result with online experimental study shows that the cognitive and affective contextual effect was revealed significantly in some advertising effectiveness indices. The interaction effect between cognitive and affective contexts were also verified in attitude toward the product and purchase intentions. The interaction effects between the contexts and involvements were also supported.

While much has been studied about the positive and negative effects of discretionary remote work as an alternative work arrangement, little has been written about in the context of mandated remote work. The COVID-19 pandemic forced many organizations to impose remote work as a new mode of working arrangements. This abrupt change yielded positive and negative physical, social, and psychological outcomes. Drawing from the job demand and resource model and self-determination theory, this study examines the effects of professional isolation on organizational citizenship behavior, proposing the sequential mediation of psychological empowerment and affective organizational commitment as intrinsic motivators. An online survey was conducted. A total of 162 full-time remote workers (56 male (34.6%), 106 female (65.4%)) in Korea were analyzed. This study revealed that psychological empowerment and affective commitment fully mediate the relationship between professional isolation and organizational citizenship behavior. Contrary to expectation, however, the relationship between professional isolation and organization was found to be nonsignificant. Implications for practice, theory, and future research are discussed.

PURPOSE: This study investigated the differential effects of slow-paced breathing on the brain and autonomic nervous system responses under positive and negative affective contexts. The hypothesis tested was that the neurophysiological effects of respiratory intervention depend on the emotional state, specifically that the negative-affect group would show a larger increase in frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) during the task condition than the positive group. METHODS: Twenty-one healthy young adults were assigned randomly to a positive (n = 10) or negative (n = 11) emotion group. Electroencephalography (EEG) and electrocardiography (ECG) were recorded before and after the intervention during the resting-state and task conditions. The intervention involved slow-paced breathing at six breaths/min (0.1 Hz). Frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) and heart rate variability (HRV) were analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model. RESULTS: A significant group × time × condition interaction was observed for FAA (p < .05). The negative group showed a significant increase in FAA only during the task condition post-intervention. In contrast, HRV analysis indicated a general effect, with significant increases in HF power and decreases in the LF/HF ratio post-intervention across both groups (p < .001), reflecting enhanced parasympathetic and reduced sympathetic activity. CONCLUSION: The effects of slow-paced breathing are context-dependent. Although it universally promotes autonomic stability, its regulatory influence on cortical activity appears conditional, primarily modulating the approach-avoidance motivational system in negative affective contexts. These findings highlight the importance of context-aware, personalized breathing protocols in clinical applications.

본 연구는 가상광고의 특성과 야구경기 중계방송의 프로그램 특성을 고려하여 맥락에 따 른가상광고의 광고효과를 살펴보고자 하였다. 특히 가상광고의 특성을 바탕으로 제품 일 치성, 광고 메시지 관련성, 감정적 맥락 간의 상호작용효과에 대한 실증적 연구를 진행함 으로써 효율적인 가상광고의 제작과 집행을 위한 실무적 시사점을 제공하고자 하였다. 또 한 인지적 맥락인 제품 일치성, 광고 메시지 관련성과 감정적 맥락을 통합적으로 고려해 가상광고의 광고태도에 대한 상호작용효과를 살펴봄으로써, 인지적 일치여부나 감정적 일 치여부만을 다루었던 기존연구의 한계를 벗어나 가상광고에 대한 인지적, 감정적 맥락의 통합적인 효과를 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 광고태도를 종속변인으로 제품 일치성(고, 저), 광고 메시지 관련성(고, 저), 감 정적맥락(긍정, 부정)에 따라 2×2×2의 집단 간 실험설계(between-subject design)를 구 성하였다. 연구 결과, 제품 일치성-감정적 맥락에 따른 가상광고의 광고효과는 차이가 없는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 그러나 광고 메시지 관련성이 높은 경우의 광고효과가 광고 메시지 관련성이 낮 은 경우의 광고효과 보다 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 제품 일치성이 낮은 경우, 광고 메시 지 관련성이 높은경우의 광고효과가 광고 메시지 관련성이 낮은 경우의 광고효과 보다 높 은 것으로 나타났다. 제품 일치성, 광고 메시지 관련성, 감정적 맥락의 광고효과에 대한 상 호작용 효과는 광고 메시지관련성과 감정적 맥락의 상호작용 효과만 발생하는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

This research intends to examine effects of virtual advertising by the context inconsideration of characteristics of virtual advertising and characteristics ofbaseball game broadcasting program. Also, it intended to provide practical implications formanufacture and execution of effective virtual advertising by conducting empirical studyon interactions among the product congruence, advertising message relations andaffective context based on the product congruence and advertising message relations. andthis research intended to examine integrative effects of cognitive and affective context forvirtual advertising by getting out of limitations of existing studies on only cognitivecontext or affective context through the examination of interaction for the attitude ofvirtual advertising in integrative consideration on product congruence, advertising messagerelations which are in cognitive context and affective context. To achieve them, thisresearch organized between-subject design of 2×2×2 by product congruence, advertisingmessage relations and affective context under the dependent variable, attitude toward thead. Concretely, there was no difference in effects of virtual advertising by productcongruence and affective context in advertising effects by product congruence andaffective context. But, advertising effects for highly related advertising message werehigher than advertising effects for lowly related advertising message. Also, if productcongruence is low, advertising effects for highly related advertising message were higherthan advertising effects for lowly related advertising message. Interaction effects foradvertising among the product congruence, advertising message relations and affectivecontext showed only interaction effects between advertising message relations andaffective context.

The purpose of the study was to empirically investigate the impacts of formal mentoring on individual creativity and the mediating role of psychological safety in the relationship between formal mentoring and individual creativity in Chinese employees. Moreover, this study demonstrates the moderating role of affective commitment not only between formal mentoring and psychological safety but also between psychological safety and individual creativity. The results are as following: first, formal mentoring was found to have a significant relationship with individual creativity; second, there is a positive relationship between formal mentoring and psychological safety. Third, as predicted, psychological safety was positively related to individual creativity, Fourth, the mediating role of psychological safety was identified in the relationship between formal mentoring and individual creativity. Fifth, the moderating role of affective commitment between formal mentoring and psychological safety and between psychological safety and individual creativity are both significant. Finally some practical recommendations to develop the formal mentoring for Chinese managers were suggested.

This paper attempts to discuss the complex nature of social contexts regarding English language education in Korean middle school and to demonstrate the affective factors that should be considered to find appropriate approaches within the context. To do this, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 85 middle school students regarding learners' motivation, and attitudes toward EFL learning. Additionally, teachers in secondary school were asked about the general circumstances of English language education. Findings indicate that in spite of the participants' high instrumental motivation, they rather show a negative attitude toward English learning. This paper intends to raise practitioners' attention to the fact that the effect of learners' affective variables on EFL learning seems distinctive depending on the host country's EFL contexts.

이 글은 김 보영의 「고요한 시대」와 「얼마나 닮았는가」를 대상으로, 생성형 인공지능 시대의 고정된 언어와 데이터 질서가 경험의 다층적 맥락과 정동의 잔여를 어떻게 소거하는지, 그리고 몸을 통한 감응과 지각이 그 소거된 층위에 어떻게 다시 접근하는지를 고찰한다. 「고요한 시대」는 고정된 언어가 대중의 판단과 정동을 통제하는 기술로 작동하면서 체험의 구체적 문맥을 삭제하는 양상을 비판적으로 드러낸다. 「얼마나 닮았는가」는 몸을 획득한 인공지능이 분위기와 접촉을 감지하는 과정을 통해 데이터가 지워버린 사회적 맥락에 접근하고, 그 과정 속에서 윤리적 주체로 재구성되는 양상을 형상화한다. 두 소설은 서로 다른 방식으로 고정된 언어와 데이터의 질서를 비판하면서, 감응과 지각의 층위가 타자와 세계를 다시 이해하게 하는 가능성이 될 수 있음을 보여준다. 이 글은 김 보영의 소설을 통해 효율성과 속도의 논리를 넘어, 불투명한 몸의 얽힘과 낯설고 이질적인 것을 수용하는 태도야말로 혐오의 시대를 넘어 타자와 연루되고 공존하는 윤리적 방식임을 밝히고자 했다. 더하여 인공지능의 사용이 일상화된 오늘날, 기술의 효율성이 제거한 복합성과 애매함을 끈질기게 응시하는 느린 지각의 중요성을 드러내고자 했다.

This study examines how the regime of fixed language and data in the age of generative artificial intelligence erases the multi-layered contexts of experience and the affective remainder, and explores how perception through the body reopens access to these erased layers to open new existential horizons, focusing on Kim Bo-young’s “The Quiet Era” and “How Similar.” “The Quiet Era” critically reveals how fixed language operates as a technology that controls public judgment and affect while erasing the concrete contexts of lived experience. “How Similar” portrays the process by which an artificial intelligence that acquires a body gains access to the social contexts erased by data through sensing atmosphere and contact, and is thereby reconstituted as an ethical subject. Both novels critique the regime of fixed language and data in different ways, demonstrating that the dimensions of affect and perception can become a sites for re-understanding others and the world. Through Kim Bo-young’s fiction, this article argues that beyond the logic of efficiency and speed, the opaque entanglement of bodies and an openness toward the unfamiliar constitute an ethical mode of coexistence that entails being implicated with others, particularly amid an age of hatred. Furthermore, in an age in which the use of artificial intelligence has become routine, this study seeks to illuminate the importance of slow perception, which persistently attends to the complexity and ambiguity eliminated by technological efficiency.

배경 및 목적: 본 연구는 고기능 자폐아동과 일반아동의 정서적 운율이해능력의 특성을 살펴보고, 다양한 맥락(문장내용, 얼굴표정, 그림상황)의 정서와 운율이 불일치하는 경우, 화자의 정서를 이해하기 위하여 운율에 의존하는 정도에 어떠한 차이가 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 서울 및 경기지역에 거주하는 만 9-12세의 고기능 자폐아동 15명, 일반아동 15명, 총 30명을 대상으로 정서적 운율과제를 실시하였다. 과제는 운율 단독 제시상황에서 일치하는 정서를 판단하는 운율이해과제, 정서적 운율(정서 일치, 불일치)과 맥락(문장내용, 얼굴표정, 그림상황)이 함께 제시되었을 때 정서를 판단하는 운율이해과제 및 운율의존도과제로 구성되었다. 결과는 집단을 집단 간 요인으로, 정서 유형 및 맥락 유형을 집단 내 요인으로 하여 이원혼합분산분석을 실시하였다. 결과: 무의미 문장의 정서적 운율을 단독으로 제시하였을 때, 정서적 운율이해력에 있어서 집단 간이나 정서 유형 간에 유의미한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 맥락의 정서와 일치하는 운율을 제시하였을 때에도 집단 및 맥락 유형 간 운율이해력에서 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 맥락의 정서와 불일치한 운율을 제시하였을 때의 집단 및 맥락 유형 간 운율의존도에서 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 즉, 고기능 자폐아동은 일반아동에 비하여, 맥락의 정서와 운율이 불일치할 때 운율에 의존하는 정도가 유의하게 낮았다. 또한, 얼굴표정맥락에서의 운율의존도가 문장내용맥락, 그림상황맥락에서의 운율의존도보다 유의하게 더 높았다. 논의 및 결론: 고기능 자폐아동은 운율을 단독으로 제시하거나 정서가 일치하는 운율과 맥락을 동시에 제시하였을 때 비슷한 정서적 운율이해력을 보였다. 그러나, 정서가 불일치하는 운율과 맥락을 제시하였을 때 고기능 자폐아동은 감정을 이해하는 데 있어서 일반아동보다 운율에 덜 의존하는 것으로 나타났다.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of context and affective prosody on emotional perception in children with high-functioning autism (HFA). Methods: Fifteen HFA children and 15 normal children who were matched on chronological age (range, 9 to 12 years) participated in the present study. The experiment was consisted of two different tasks, affective prosody perceptibility task and the extent of dependence on affective prosody task. Two way-mixed ANOVA was used to analyze the data. Results: The results were as follows: 1) For the perceptibility of affective prosody, there was no significant main effect between the groups and emotion types when prosody was given only. 2) For the perceptibility of affective prosody, there was no significant main effect between the groups and contexts when prosody and contexts were given at the same time. 3) For the extent of dependence on affective prosody, there was significant main effect between the groups. HFA children showed significantly lower extent of dependence on affective prosody than normal children. There was also significant main effect between contexts. The extent of dependence on affective prosody showed significantly higher in facial expression than in lexical content and situation picture. Conclusion: These results imply that HFA children were as capable as normal children in affective prosody perceptibility. However, HFA children were less dependent on affective prosody to infer the speaker’s emotion than normal children when the emotion in various contexts (lexical contents, facial expressions, and situation pictures) conflicts with affective prosody.

In this article, we have noticed Pseudo-Dionysius’s apophatic implication that, by unknowing or the negation of knowledge, we may approach God beyond our knowledge. The mystics of later generations such as Thomas Gallus, Bonaventure and the author of The Cloud of Unknowing have interpreted this negative implication by interpolating the affirmation that one may be united to the unknowable God through love. We have called this tradition of reading Dionysius “affective Dionysianism”in consonance with the current scholarship. Then, we have traced the origin of the affective interpretation of Dionysius back to Hugh of St. Victor in the twelfth century. In his Commentary on the Dionysian Celestial Hierarchy, Hugh makes clear that “love surpasses knowledge, and is greater than intelligence.” According to Paul Rorem, it is the Victorine master who has first introduced the priority of love into the reading of the Corpus Dionysiacum and laid a decisive foundation for the later development of affectivizing Dionysius. In the next place, we have analyzed Hugh’s terminologies of love and examined in what sense “love surpasses knowledge etc.” Our findings can be summarized as follows: first, the Hugonian concept of love (dilectio/caritas) is characterized by its comprehensibility, subsuming both the affective and the cognitive motif within itself. Second, the priority of love is understood in terms of this comprehensibility and in the sense as well that love is capable of uniting the soul with God when knowledge is not in the final stage of spiritual ascent. Third, Hugh does not make any explicit statement that we cannot know God etc. Rather, he seemingly suggests that our cognitive power, liquefied by the fire of love, may penetrate into the innermost of our soul and make union the human lover with the divine beloved. In this point, Hugh differs from the anti-intellectualism of the later affective mystics.

본 연구의 목적은 최근 심리구성주의 정서이론에서 제안한 얼굴정서 지각 과정에 미치는 언어의 영향을 정신물리학적 방법을 사용하여 검증하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 감정단어가 얼굴표정 전에 제시될 경우, 얼굴표정의 정서 범주에 대한 판단 기준을 그 감정단어가 표상하는 정서 개념 맥락에 가깝게 이동시킬 것이라는 가설을 세웠다. 실험에서는 분노 또는 기쁨을 표현하는 감정단어가 표적 얼굴 전에 잠시 제시되었고, 표적 얼굴로는 중립에서 분노 (실험 1), 중립에서 행복 (실험 2)으로 점진적으로 변화하는 얼굴표정 중 하나가 무선적으로 제시되었다. 실험참가자는 표적얼굴의 정서를 분노 혹은 중립 (실험 1), 행복 혹은 중립 (실험 2)으로 판단하는 2안 강제선택 과제를 수행하였다. 실험 1 결과, 통제조건과 비교하여 분노 표현 감정단어들은 표적 얼굴정서를 분노로 판단하는 판단 경계 (PSE: the point of subjective equality)를 낮추었고, 행복 표현 감정단어들은 판단 경계를 높였다. 중립-행복 표정을 판단하는 실험 2에서는 반대의 결과가 관찰되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 얼굴정서를 지각하는 과정이 다양한 맥락 정보를 사용하여 능동적으로 구성하는 과정이며, 감정단어들은 정서에 대한 개념적 맥락을 제공함으로써 얼굴정서 지각에 영향을 준다는 구성된 정서 이론의 주장을 지지하는 것으로 해석할 수 있다.

Current research explores the effect of language on the perception of facial emotion as suggested by the psychological construction theory of emotion by using a psychophysical method. In this study, we hypothesize that the perception of facial expression may be influenced if the observer is shown an affective word before he/she judges an expression. Moreover, we suggest that his/her understanding of a facial emotion will be in line with the conceptual context that the word denotes. During the two experiments conducted for this project, a control stimulus or words representing either angry or happy emotions were briefly presented to participants before they were shown a target face. These target faces were randomly selected from seven faces that were gradually morphed to show neutral to angry (in Experiment 1) and neutral to happy (in Experiment 2) expressions. The participants were asked to perform a two-alternative forced choice (2AFC) task to judge the emotion of the target face (i.e., decide whether it is angry or neutral, or happy or neutral). The results of Experiment 1 (when compared with the control condition) showed that words denoting anger decreased the point of subjective equality (PSE) for judging the emotion of the target as anger, whereas words denoting happiness increased the PSE. Experiment 2, in which participants had to judge expressions on a scale from happy to neutral, produced a contrasting pattern of results. The outcomes of this study support the claim of the psychological construction theory of emotion that the perception of facial emotion is an active construction process that may be influenced by information (such as affective words) that provide conceptual context.

본 연구는 TIMSS 데이터에 기반하여 우리나라 학생들의 수학 정의적 태도와 교육맥락변인의 구조적 관계를 탐색하여 학생들의 수학에 대한 정의적 성취 향상을 위한 정책적 시사점을 도출하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 TIMSS 2019 데이터 중 수학 정의적 태도 지표인 흥미, 자신감, 가치인식과 교육맥락변인에 대한 우리나라 중학생의 설문 응답 데이터에 대하여 구조방정식모형에 의한 분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 우리나라 중학생의 수학에 대한 흥미, 자신감, 가치인식 모두에 대해 유의한 영향을 미치는 변인은 학교 소속감과 수학 수업 명료성으로 확인되었으며, 수학 문제풀이 활동 빈도와 학생 괴롭힘은 자신감과 가치인식에 유의한 영향 요인으로 나타났다. 성취수준에 따른 구조적 관계를 분석한 결과, 수학 수업 명료성은 성취수준에 관계없이 정의적 태도에 영향을 미치며 수학 문제풀이 활동 빈도는 성취수준이 낮은 집단일수록 흥미에 미치는 영향력이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구는 학생의 인지적·정의적 영역에서의 균형적인 성장을 지원하는 측면에서 우리나라 학생들의 수학 정의적 성취 향상 방안 마련을 위한 기초 자료와 정책적 시사점을 도출하였다는 데 의의가 있다.

The purpose of this study is to explore the structural relationship between Korean students’ affective attitudes toward mathematics and educational context variables based on TIMSS data, and to derive policy implications for improving students’ affective achievement in mathematics. To this end, we conducted a structural equation modeling analysis on Korean middle school students’ survey response data of TIMSS 2019 on interest, confidence, and value perception, which are indicators of affective attitudes toward mathematics and educational context variables. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that school belonging and class clarity significantly influenced Korean middle school students’ interest, confidence, and value perception in mathematics, while math problem solving and student bullying were found to be significant factors influencing confidence and value perception. As a result of analyzing the structural relationship according to achievement level, it was found that class clarity affected affective attitudes regardless of achievement level, and math problem solving had a greater influence on interest in groups with lower achievement levels. This study is significant in that it provides basic data and policy implications for establishing measures to improve the mathematical achievement of Korean students in terms of supporting balanced growth in the cognitive and affective domains of students.

본 연구에서는 직무수행 과정에서 사원들이 경험하는 정서적 안녕에 영향을 미치는 선행 요인은 무엇이며, 또 이러한 정서적 안녕이 자신의 조직에 대해 갖는 태도 면에는 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지를 ‘직무요구-자원 모형’의 맥락에서 실증해 보고 있다. 그간 ‘직무요구-자원 모형’을 활용하여 다양한 직무특성들과 조직구성원의 심리적 안녕간의 관계를 분석한 연구가 많이 제기되어 왔다. 하지만, 이들 연구는 대부분 직무소진 등 부정적인 차원의 심리적 안녕 변수를 결과변수로 많이 활용해 온 특징이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 최근 긍정적 조직행동 논의에서 많은 관심을 끌고 있는 긍정적 정서 개념의 중요성에 착안하여, 긍정적인 차원의 심리적 안녕 변수인 사원들의 정서적 안녕 변수를 ‘직무요구-자원 모형’의 맥락에 도입해 봄으로써 그간의 연구를 보완해 보고자 시도하고 있다. 고객접점에서 근무하는 서비스직 사원 158명을 대상으로 한 설문조사 결과, 다음과 같은 분석결과를 확인할 수 있었다. 먼저, 양적인 차원의 직무요구인 업무부하는 서비스직 사원들이 직무수행과정에서 경험하는 정서적 안녕에 매우 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다. 반면, 직무자율성, 분배공정성과 상호작용공정성 등 일련의 직무자원 요인들은 공히 정서적 안녕과 정(+)의 영향관계에 있음이 확인되었다. 또 정서적 안녕은 조직몰입과 정(+)의 영향관계, 그리고 이직의향과는 부(-)의 영향관계를 나타내었다. 아울러, 정서적 안녕은 업무부하로 인해 사원들이 이직의향을 갖게 되는 과정을 완전 매개하며, 분배 및 상호작용공정성 등 직무자원 요인이 조직몰입과 이직의향에 미치는 영향을 부분 매개한다는 사실이 확인되었다. 이러한 분석결과가 시사해 주는 경영관리적 함의와 향후 연구과제들이 함께 토론되었다.

During past three decades, many studies which were based on the Job Demand-Control model or the Job Demands-Resources model, have shown that various job characteristics can have a profound impact on employee well-being. But the vast majority of previous studies have been restricted to a limited set of predictor variables, and have focused on negative outcome variables, including job burnout, ill health, and repetitive strain, etc. Recently, a group of positive psychologists has given special attention on the positive aspects of people, contending that an individual's positive experiences and effects are likely to have an impact not only on their personal lives but also on their work lives. On the basis of these arguments, the field of organizational behavior has started to embrace the positive psychology movement, developing a positive approach to organizational behavior: Positive Organizational Behavior(POB). Besides, the following empirical studies have continuously reported that positive effect and positive psychological well-being of employees are positively related with various types of job attitudes and performance, including job satisfaction, creativity, problem solving, organizational commitment and so forth. On the basis of these theoretical backgrounds, this study aims to investigate several possible job demand/resource variables in order to extend the Job Demands-Resources model, and to introduce the positive psychological indicator of employee well-being as an outcome variable to address the void in the previous job demands-resources researches. To achieve these research purposes, two demanding aspects of service job(e.g. workload, surface acting) and three kinds of job resources(e.g. job autonomy, distributive and interactional justice) were incorporated to build a research model of this study. This research also introduced job-related affective well-being of service employee which represents their job-related affective experiences. The scale of job-related affective well-being that is used in this study has some differences in contrast to the more commonly used attitudinal and/or affective scales. First of all, it measures pure job-related effect as opposed to belief-oriented or attitude-based scales generally used in job satisfaction researches. Second, it measures context-specific effect, in this case, specific affective states experienced in response to job conditions. In this respect, this is in contrast to scales such as PANAS that were developed to assess context-free emotions or emotional dispositions. In addition, a few attitudinal variables such as organizational commitment and turnover intention are also included in the research model as dependent variables. So, one of the aims of this study is to replicate the Job Demands-Resources model using the customer-contact employees to whom emotional labor becomes a prevalent component of their jobs. Another main research question of this study is to explore the possible mediating role that job-related affective well-being of service employee may play in the relationships between the job demand/resource variables and organizational attitudes such as organizational commitment and turnover intention. A total of 158 employees in Korean service firms participated in the study. Results showed that workload as a quantitative job demand was negatively related to job-related affective well-being of service employee, whereas three job resources influenced positively to it. But the buffering hypothesis of job resources was not supported. An employee's affective well-being was positively related to the organizational commitment, whereas it was negatively related to their intention to quit. Further, affective well-being at work mediated the relationship between workload and turnover intention of service employees. It also partially mediated the relationships between their perceptions of organizational justice and the attitudes toward their organization such as organiza...

This study aims to verify the impact of brand experience on brand loyalty and the differences in the sub-factors of brand experience according to demographic characteristics among 335 customers who used robotic coffee shops. As a result of the analysis, it was found that among the sub-factors of brand experience, behavioral experience and affective experience had a positive effect on brand loyalty. Differences in brand experience based on demographic characteristics, including gender age, education, marital status, and monthly income, were evaluated. The results showed significant differences in brand experience according to age and monthly income level.

이 논문은 한성신보 잡보에 나타난 언술의 정치학과 감성 통제 방식에 대한 분석을 통해 ‘계몽’ 주체의 문화적 특권화가 어떻게 ‘무지한’ 사람ㆍ지역ㆍ국가에 대한 ‘무시의 감정’을 정당화하는지를 성찰하고자 했다. 한성신보 잡보란은 조선의 일상을 ‘사건화’하여 독자에게 ‘문제적 조선’의 이미지를 전달했다. 첫째, 미신과 무지의 풍속을 요얼과 야만이라는 관점에서 서술하고, 문란한 성관계/성생활을 사건화하여, 조선의 일상을 음특하고 문란한 것으로 부각시켰다. 둘째, 사기와 강도 사건, 무능하고 타락한 정치/관리의 일화를 보도함으로써, 무지한 조선의 이미지를 구성하고, 이에 대한 혐오의 시선을 정당화했다. 이때 조롱과 동정이라는 정동의 수사적 장치가 동원되었다. 한성신보에서 조선의 일상을 무시와 혐오의 시선으로 서술하는 언술의 정치는 동아시아 내부를 위계화하는 방법으로 구현되었다. 일본의 일상을 미담으로 소개하여 선망과 감탄의 반응을 유도했으며, 중국인과 중국문화를 혐오와 비하의 시선으로 서술하여 ‘한-중’을 등치적으로 폄훼하는 언술 방식이 채택되었다. 한성신보 잡보는 각 기사마다 ‘익명화된 집단’과 기자의 논평자적 개입을 허용함으로써, ‘언론’의 관점을 ‘여론’으로 수용하게 하는 언술의 정치학을 수행했다. 이 논문은 한성신보 잡보의 언술 구조와 수사 분석을 통해, ‘지식-권력’이 ‘언론-권력’ 및 ‘식민-통치’의 문제와 연관되는 근대 초기 계몽의 언설구조를 해명했다.

This paper investigates the politics of discourses and the control of affective strategies which were printed in articles of Hanseong Sinbo with focusing on how the enlightenment subject came to take the hegemony of the journalism by ignoring the ignorant and how they justify their hate feeling toward the ‘know-nothing’. Article section of Hanseong Sinbo was published the problematic incident of daily life in Joseon as follows; the first, Hanseong Sinbo printed Joseon common life with the angle of superstition and wicked and depicted the sexual relationship and life between couples with the perspective of promiscuousness and corruption. The second, it printed fraud cases and corruption officials for targeting to rebuild the image of Joseon as ignorant and abominable. Then it uses the strategies of rhetoric as like ridiculing and compassion. The rhetorical politics of ignorance and hate feeling toward Joseon’s daily life was adapted to write the article of Chinese’s, and this biased perspective construct of the hierarchical discourses amongst three nations of East Asians as follows; Most Japanese articles were about admirable anecdotes but Chinese people and cultures were about negative and problematic incidents as like those of Joseon. Every article of Hanseong Sinbo quoted comments on the incidents of the anonymous crowd and the journalists, and these ways of writings made the newspaper readers accept the comments as public opinion, not as that of the press. This Paper analyzes the discourse structure of early modern discourses in Joseon through analyzing the discourse structure and rhetorics of articles of Hanseong Sinbo with this question; how and the since when the enlightenment discourses make justify the ignorant and hate feeling towards the ‘know-nothing public’ of Joseon.

본 연구는 역사 공감 수업을 위한 인지-정서 통합 원리를 한국 역사교육의 맥락에서 이론적으로 재구성하는것을 목적으로 한다. 국내 연구는 인지-정서 통합의 필요성을 반복적으로 제기해 왔으나, 두 요소의 구조적 관계를수업 원리의 수준에서 체계화한 연구는 부재하였으며, 해외에서 제안된 통합 이론이 한국 역사교육의 맥락적 조건에맞게 재구성된 적도 없었다. 본 연구는 비판적 문헌 검토(Torraco, 2005)와 개념적 프레임워크 구성(Jabareen, 2009)을 결합한 개념적 이론 종합 방법론에 기반하여, Endacott & Brooks(2013), Karn(2023), Bartelds et al.(2025)의 이론을 핵심 분석 문헌으로 삼았다. 분석 결과, 인지적 요소(역사적 맥락화, 관점취하기, 증거활용⋅역사적 상상, 비교⋅현재연결)와 정서적 요소(정서적 연결, 공감⋅배려, 윤리적⋅가치판단, 행위의지⋅실천성) 각 네가지가 구조화되었으며, 이 여덟 요소는 ① 맥락화 기반 공감, ② 증거 기반 상상과 정서 결합, ③ 현재 지평의성찰적 조정, ④ 공공선⋅시민성으로의 연결이라는 네 가지 수업 원리로 통합된다. 네 원리는 토대층(원리1)-실행층(원리2⋅3)-방향층(원리4)의 위계 구조를 이루며, 고강도 정서 소재, 이념 갈등 구조, 현재진행형 역사라는 한국역사교육의 맥락적 조건을 반영하여 재구성되었다. 특히 포지셔널리티 개념을 민족⋅문화적 위치가 아닌 이념적으로 구성된 역사 감각의 문제로 재정의하고, 설계 순서의 기본값을 ‘사료 탐구 선행’으로 설정하였다. 이 연구는국내 역사교육 연구에서 인지-정서 통합 원리를 수업 원리의 수준에서 처음으로 체계화하였다는 데 의의가 있다.

This study theoretically reconstructs cognitive-affective integration principles for historical empathy instruction within the context of Korean history education. Although prior Korean scholarship has consistently identified the need to integrate cognitive and affective dimensions, no study has systematized this relationship at the level of instructional principles, nor have internationally proposed frameworks been critically adapted to Korean educational conditions. Employing a conceptual theoretical synthesis that combines critical literature review (Torraco, 2005) with conceptual framework construction (Jabareen, 2009), this study examines Endacott & Brooks (2013), Karn (2023), and Bartelds et al. (2025) as primary analytical texts. The analysis identifies four cognitive elements (historical contextualization, perspective-taking, evidence use and historical imagination, and comparative connection to the present) and four affective elements (affective connection, caring, ethical and value judgment, and agency and practice-orientation). These eight elements are integrated into four instructional principles: (1) contextualization-based empathy, (2) evidence-based imagination combined with affective engagement, (3) reflective adjustment of the present horizon, and (4) connection to the common good and democratic citizenship. The four principles form a hierarchical yet non-linear structure comprising a foundational layer (Principle 1), an implementation layer (Principles 2 and 3), and a directional layer (Principle 4). Each principle is reconstructed to reflect three contextual conditions of Korean history education: high-intensity emotionally charged subject matter, ideologically structured interpretive contestation, and ongoing unresolved historical legacies. Notably, positionality is redefined from an ethnically and culturally based construct to one centered on ideologically constituted historical sensibilities, and “evidence inquiry first” is established as the default design sequence. This study constitutes the first systematic theorization of cognitive-affective integration at the level of instructional principles in Korean history education scholarship.

AI 기반 도구의 도입이 L2 학습자 간의 학습 심리의 격차를 해소하여 보다 공평한 학습 기회를 제공할 수있는가라는 질문에서 출발하여, 본 연구는 9주간의 AI 기반 말하기 연습 동안 나타난 L2 학습자의 심리변인 변화양상을 탐구하고, 그 변화의 정도가 학습자의 초기 심리 수준과 관련이 있는지를 검토하였다. 총 86명의 한국인대학생이 본 연구에 참여하였으며, 이들은 자동 음성 인식 기반 도구를 활용하여 9주간 주 3회 소리 내어 읽기연습을 수행하였다. 이와 더불어 본 연구는 참여자들의 외국어 즐거움(FLE), 외국어 교실 불안(FLCA), L2 자기효능감, L2 회복탄력성의 네 가지 심리변인을 사전/사후 두 시점에 측정하였다. 분석은 잠재변화점수모형(LCSM)을 적용하여 각 심리 변인에 대한 집단 수준의 변화, 변화의 개인차, 그리고 초기 수준과 이후 변화량 간의관계를 추정하였다. 분석 결과, 네 가지 심리변인 모두에서 유의한 집단 수준의 긍정적 변화가 확인되었다. 구체적으로 FLE, 자기효능감, 탄력성은 유의하게 증가한 반면, FLCA는 유의하게 감소하였다. 잠재 변화점수의분산이 모든 변인에서 유의하게 나타나, 발달 궤적에 있어 학습자 간 유의미한 개인차가 확인되었다. 또한 네 가지변인 모두에서 유의한 부적 관계가 관찰되어, 초기 심리 수준이 낮은 학습자일수록 시간이 지남에 따라 더 큰변화를 보이는 패턴이 나타났다. 이러한 패턴은 회복탄력성에서 가장 두드러졌으며, 다음으로 FLE와 자기효능감, 마지막으로 FLCA 순으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 AI 기반 말하기 환경이 정서 및 동기적 자원이 부족한학습자에게 더 큰 심리적 혜택을 제공하는 형평성 있는 학습 공간이 될 가능성과 AI의 도입이 학습자 간의 심리적격차 해소에 기여할 수 있는 가능성을 시사한다. 마지막으로 L2 교육에서의 AI 적용에 관한 교육적 함의를논의하였다

Motivated by the inquiry of whether and to what extent AI-supported tools may offer equitable learning opportunities for L2 learners, this research investigated changes in L2 learners’ psychological variables over nine weeks of AI-supported speaking practice and examined whether the degree of the change is related to learners’ initial psychological states. Four psychological variables (2 emotional: foreign language enjoyment [FLE] and foreign language classroom anxiety [FLCA] and 2 motivational: L2 self-efficacy and L2 resilience) were measured before and after the intervention using data from 86 college students who completed weekly AI-supported speaking practice activities. Latent change score modeling (LCSM) estimated group-level change, individual differences in change, and the coupling relationship between initial levels and subsequent change. Results showed significant positive group-level changes across all four variables: FLE, self-efficacy, and resilience increased, while FLCA decreased. Latent change scores showed significant variance for each variable, indicating substantial individual differences in the psychological change. Significant negative coupling effects were revealed for all four variables, with a consistent pattern of those learners who had weaker initial psychological levels showing greater change over time. The findings suggest that AI-supported L2 learning environments may function as a more equalizing space, with greater psychological benefits to learners with weaker affective and motivational resources. Theoretical and pedagogical implications for the application of AI in the field of L2 education are discussed.