Earticle

With the proliferation of generative AI painting technology, “AI painting” has sparked widespread discussion on social media. The Weibo platform, with its large user base and high interactivity, provides an ideal context for exploring public attitudes and topic dynamics. This study combines sentiment analysis and topic modeling to quantitatively analyze 13,379 relevant Weibo posts published between October 2024 and March 2025. For sentiment analysis, we constructed a BERT-based model incorporating a dynamic attention mechanism. After pre-training and fine-tuning on 1,487 domain-specific texts, the model achieved an accuracy of 95.12% and an ROC-AUC of 0.9818. The results reveal a polarized sentiment among Weibo users toward AI painting: 75.9% expressed positive emotions, while 24.1% expressed negative emotions. Positive content tended to combine images and text and received more reposts, whereas negative content was more often original text-only posts but demonstrated a greater capacity to drive interaction, reflecting the "negativity bias" phenomenon. In terms of topic modeling, BERTopic identified five core themes: ethical controversies and industrial impact, technology-driven creation, artistic exploration and aesthetic innovation, digital preservation of cultural heritage, and vertical content operations. These themes highlight the multifaceted significance of AI painting across technological, artistic, and social dimensions. From the perspectives of communication studies and psychology, this study uncovers the emotional structure and communication mechanisms of “AI painting” on Weibo, offering empirical and methodological insights for understanding the social acceptance of generative AI and platform public opinion governance.

본 연구는 2022년 진행된 ‘한국 전통 수묵화 화풍별 제작 테이터’ 인공지능(AI) 학습용 데이터 구축사업과 2023년 진행된 ‘한국 전통 수묵 채색화 제작 데이터’ 인공지 능(AI) 학습용 데이터 구축사업, 2024년 진행된 ‘한국 전통 민화 분야 구축’을 중심으 로 한국화 AI의 등장과 현황을 파악하고 미래를 전망하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 그림에 관한 인공지능 학습의 경우 화풍 또는 화목에 따른 특유의 기법, 스타일, 색채 등이 밀 접하게 연관되어야 한다. 혁신적 기술이 회화의 새로운 창의적 도구가 된 것처럼 새로 운 예술의 시작점이며 인간만의 고유한 예술적 가치와 역할을 재발견할 수 있는 공생 의 기회이기도 하다. 이미지 생성 AI는 선천적 재능이나 전문적인 예술교육 없이도 누 구나 창작에 참여할 수 있게 하며, 텍스트 입력만으로 자신의 생각을 이미지로 구현할 수 있게 되었다. 이를 ‘예술의 민주화(democratization)’라고 한다. 앞으로 저작권 문제를 해결해 나가고, 인공지능 데이터를 통한 상품개발, 교육 개발이 이루어진다면 한국화를 알리고 전 세계인이 함께 즐기는 문화를 만들 수 있다고 생각된다. 또한 그동 안의 성과를 정리함으로써 한국화 AI가 창조적 문화예술로 자리매김할 수 있는지 가능 성을 알아보는데 이 연구의 의의가 있다.

This study aims to understand the emergence and current status of Korean painting AI and forecast its future, focusing on the "AI learning data construction project for Korean traditional ink painting styles" (2022), the "AI learning data construction project for Korean traditional ink and color painting" (2023), and the "Korean traditional Minhwa (folk painting) field construction" (2024). For AI learning related to paintings, the unique techniques, styles, and colors associated with specific painting styles or subjects must be closely integrated. Just as innovative technology has become a new creative tool for painting, this marks the beginning of a new art form and a symbiotic opportunity to rediscover humanity's unique artistic value and role. Image-generating AI allows anyone to participate in creation without innate talent or specialized art education, enabling them to realize their thoughts as images simply by inputting text. This is referred to as the "democratization of art." It is believed that by resolving copyright issues and developing products and educational materials through AI data, we can promote Korean painting and create a culture that people worldwide can enjoy together. Furthermore, this research is significant in that it consolidates past achievements to explore the potential for Korean painting AI to establish itself as a creative cultural art.

최근 출시된 AI스피커들은 사용자와의 인터랙션에 있어 주로 음성으로 상호작용하면서 상태 표시LED를 통해 단순하고 정형화된 시각 피드백을 하는 패턴을 보이고 있다. 이는 스피커라는 제품 특성상 인터랙션의 제약이 많기 때문이기도 하지만 이러한 시각적 피드백마저 제품마다 통일되어 있지 않아 사용자에게 일관된 경험을 주지 못하고 있는 상황이다. LED 표시등으로 표현할 수 있는 시각 요소를 극대화하여 색과 추상적 움직임을 통해 음성 피드백을 보조한다면 사용자에게 기능성의 충족을 넘어 감성적 만족까지 포함하는 확장된 사용 경험을 제공할 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구에서는 기존 AI스피커들의 인터랙션 방식 분석 후, 시각 피드백 효과 확장을 위해 색채 커뮤니케이션 이론에 대해 고찰하고, 색채만으로 감성적 경험을 극대화한 미술 장르인 색면추상의 의미와 표현 기법을 조사하였다. 이를 통해 LED를 이용하여 커뮤니케이션 상태를 피드백하는 방식을 디자인함으로써 AI스피커의 시각 커뮤니케이션 기능성을 확장하고자 하였다.

Recently released AI speakers show a pattern of interacting with the user by mainly with voice and simultaneously displaying simple and formal visual feedback through status LED light. This is due to the limitations of the product characteristics of the speaker, which makes it difficult to interact variously, and even such visual feedback is not standardized for each product, and thus does not give a consistent user experience. By maximizing the visual elements that can be expressed through color and abstract movement to assist voice feedback, the product can provide the user with an extended experience that includes not only functional satisfaction but also emotional satisfaction. In this study, after analyzing the interaction methods of the existing AI speakers, we examined the theory of color communication in order to expand the visual feedback effect, and examined the meaning and expression technique of Color Field Painting, an art genre that maximizes the emotional experience by using only color. Through this, the AI speaker's visual communication function was expanded by designing a way to feedback communication status using LED light.

In recent years, with the breakthrough of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology in deep learning algorithms such as Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and Variational Autoencoders (VAE), AI generation technology has rapidly expanded in various sub-sectors in the art field. 2022 as the explosive year of AI-generated art, especially in the creation of AI-generated art creative design, many excellent works have been born, which has improved the work efficiency of art design. This study analyzed the application design characteristics of AI generation technology in two sub fields of artistic creative design of AI painting and AI animation production , and compares the differences between traditional painting and AI painting in the field of painting. Through the research of this paper, the advantages and problems in the process of AI creative design are summarized. Although AI art designs are affected by technical limitations, there are still flaws in artworks and practical problems such as copyright and income, but it provides a strong technical guarantee in the expansion of subdivisions of artistic innovation and technology integration, and has extremely high research value.

With the rapid development of deep learning and artificial intelligence, generative models have achieved remarkable success in the field of image generation. By combining the stable diffusion method with Web UI technology, a novel solution is provided for the application of AI painting generation. The application prospects of this technology are very broad and can be applied to multiple fields, such as digital art, concept design, game development, and more. Furthermore, the platform based on Web UI facilitates user operations, making the technology more easily applicable to practical scenarios. This paper introduces the basic principles of Stable Diffusion Web UI technology. This technique utilizes the stability of diffusion processes to improve the output quality of generative models. By gradually introducing noise during the generation process, the model can generate smoother and more coherent images. Additionally, the analysis of different model types and applications within Stable Diffusion Web UI provides creators with a more comprehensive understanding, offering valuable insights for fields such as artistic creation and design.

The widespread discussion of AI-generated content, fueled by the emergence of consumer applications like ChatGPT and Midjourney, has attracted significant attention. Among various AI applications, AI painting has gained popularity due to its mature technology, user-friendly nature, and excellent output quality, resulting in a rapid growth in user numbers. Midjourney and Stable Diffusion are two of the most widely used AI painting tools by users. In this study, the author adopts a perspective that represents the general public and utilizes case studies and comparative analysis to summarize the distinctive features and differences between Midjourney and Stable Diffusion in the context of AI character illustration. The aim is to provide informative material for those interested in AI painting and lay a solid foundation for further in-depth research on AI-generated content. The research findings indicate that both software can generate excellent character images but with distinct features.

스테이블 디퓨전(Stable diffusion)과 같은 텍스트 프롬프트 입력 기반 이미지 생성 AI 기술의 발전으로 원하는 형태의 고품질 이미지를 누구나 손쉽게 생성가능할 것으로 기대하였으나 대부분의 경우 원하는 이미지를 얻기 위해서는 텍스트 프롬프트를 정교하게 조정해가며 많은 실패를 겪어야만 한다. 이러한 한계를 극복하기 위해 클립 인터로게이터(CLIP Interrogator)와 같은 유사 이미지를 재생성하기 위한 텍스트 프롬프트 추정 기술이 개발되었으며 몇몇 이미지에 대해 뛰어난 결과를 보였다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 텍스트 프롬프트 추정 기술의 활용이 한국화를 재생성할 수 있는지 실험을 통해 가능성을 확인하고 향후 한국화 재생성을 위한 연구 방향을 제안하고자 한다.