Earticle

The operation of photovoltaic cells is influenced by the environmental temperature, irradiance and other factors, showing a typical non-linear characteristic in different external conditions. This paper studies the working characteristic of photovoltaic panels. This paper analyses the impact the temperature and light intensity put on the output current, output voltage and output power of photovoltaic battery. Photovoltaic cells are able to run on different and unique maximum power point. This paper compares and analyzes four useful MPPT methods, points out the advantage and weakness of every method in detail. This paper presents a calculation method of input and output capacitors and inductors of BOOST circuit And presents a new maximum power tracking method, the new method can fast track the maximum power point, and solve the oscillation problem.

In this paper, a novel methodology, based on fuzzy logic, for the tuning of proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers is presented. The purpose of this project tries to explore the potential of using soft computing methodology in controllers and their advantages over conventional methods. In control system there are a number of general systems and methods which are encountered in all areas of industry and technology. There are many ways to control any system, in which fuzzy is often the very best way. The only reason is faster and cheaper. For this paper, the set-point tuning was controlled by using three rules of membership function which then extended to five rules, seven rules and nine rules for verification purpose and further improvement of the system. There are various systems for the designing of PID controller and it is used to control the different parameters like settling time, rise time, overshoot, peak gain and phase margin, stability etc of the plant. Hence both the overshoot and the rise time in set-point following can be reduced. The conventional PID controller is not very efficient due to the presence of non linearity in the system of the plant and also it has a quite high overshoot and settling time. The main focus of this project is to apply soft computing technique that is fuzzy logic to design and tuning of PID controller to get better dynamic and static performance at the output. This project also discusses the benefits the soft computing methods.

Aimed at the defects of the traditional Canny operator, this paper puts forward an improved algorithm in edge detection. First, this paper gives a new method on selfadaptive image block based on threshold value. Next, by proposing a new hybrid filterbank of self-adaptive median and morphology, we adopt this hybrid filter-bank to smooth the noise image. Then, we add the information of gradient in two bevel directions, so that the information of gradient is more complete. Last, by using the threshold value to process the image of gradient which is after non-maxima suppression, we obtain the image edge. For the noise image, this improved algorithm not only can filter out noise well, but also the image edge is continuous, smooth, clear. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm has a good effect in edge detection, strong capability of noise immunity. The objective evaluation and visual effect are good, too.

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is one of the most extensively used nonconventional material removal process. The Taguchi method has been utilized to determine the optimal EDM conditions in several industrial fields. The method was design to optimize only a single performance characteristic. To remove this limitation, the Grey relational theory has been used to resolve the complicated interrelationship among the multiple performance characteristics. In the present study, we attempt to find the optimal machining conditions under which the Material removal rate(MRR) to be maximize and Tool wear rate(TWR) to be minimize. This paper summarizes the Grey relation theory and Taguchi optimization technique in order to optimize the cutting parameters in EDM for SS304. The Taguchi method was used to determine the relations between the machining and Response parameters. GRA was used to investigate the optimal machining parameters, among which the pulse on-time, pulse off-time are found to be the most desirable. Finally optimal machining conditions are pulse on time (50 μs), pulse off time (35 μs), discharge current (12A), and voltage (50V). Experimentation was planned as per Taguchi’s L9 (33) orthogonal array. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is applied to identify the level of importance of the machining parameters on the multiple performance characteristics considered. Finally confirmation result was carried out to identify the effectiveness of this proposed method.

The idea of address space transformation provides a new way for concurrency control. During concurrent processing, it retraces the document status back to the state when the operations are generated to maintain consistency. However the previous concurrency processes strategy is based on single characters, the transmission cost during processing is too high, especially when the network is unstable. Due to this problem, this paper presents a consistency maintenance strategy based on string editing operations, and proposes the string splitting mechanism combined with the idea of the address space transformation in order to maintain consistency.

The intellectual property protection strength index (IPPS) invented by developed countries researchers mainly measures the legislative protection level of intellectual property in a country. As TRIPS Agreement is widely accepted, the intellectual protection legislation tends to be assimilated worldwide and this index is difficult to distinguish the difference between the intellectual protection levels of developing and developed countries. This article introduces some amendment visions to IPPS which Chinese scholars made. In these indexes increased the measure of the intellectual property enforcement level, so that the IPPS became a synthesis of legislative protection strength index and law enforcement strength protection index. The article claims that these new indexes has good development prospect, but there are many inconsistencies in the definition of sub-items in intellectual property enforcement strength index. So it is required to further improve the Chinese IPPS index system, faithfully evaluate the performance of intellectual property protection combined with China’s economic and social development level, national and local legal status, cultural background and other factors.

Design based upon CMOS logic are becoming increasingly attractive for many applications under electronic gadgets, but with increasing demand of small and portable devices, new techniques for low power are emerging. This paper focus on the design of subtarction logic for ALU sub-module in microprocessor design. Set of four different 10 -T subtraction logic using Gate Diffusion Index(a new technique for low power design) has been designed using 180nm technology using Cadence Virtuoso and simulation are performed . Complete verification for performance of proposed subtraction logic is carried and circuit with least power and delay has been selected for the ALU design of the microprocessor. Layout design for the best optimum ciruit is designed using Layout XL and area of 17.28 X 11.135 m2 is calculated.

The study on word similarity computation plays an important role in natural language processing (NLP). Recently the algorithm based on HowNet is widely used and proves to work well in Chinese word similarity computation. However, the relationship between the number of brother nodes and the fineness of the hierarchy is not considered. This paper investigates the ratio of two words on the brother nodes’ number called sememe probability density and proposes an improved algorithm based on HowNet. The results indicate that the correlation measure of the algorithm presented by this paper is 75.4%, and it is much better than the major state-of-the-art method (68.1%).

Breast cancer is regarded as one of the most frequent mortality causes among women. It is very important to create a system to diagnose suspicious masses in mammograms for early breast cancer detection. In this paper, we propose an automatic breast mass segmentation method based on patch merging method and generalized hierarchical Fuzzy C Means (GHFCM). The patch merging method is used to obtain the adaptive region of interest (ROI), while the GHFCM method which is able to overcome the drawbacks of effect of image noise and Euclidean distance FCM which is sensitive to outliers is used to obtain the precisely mass segmentation results. The new method is evaluated over MiniMIAS dataset. The segmentation performance from experimentations demonstrates that our method outperforms the other compared methods.