Earticle

본 연구는 업무 및 관계 측면에서 개인이 인지한 갈등과 갈등관리의 관계에서 세대조화풍토와 실책관리풍토의 교차수준 조절효과를 검증하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 조직 내에서 개인이 경험하는 갈등을 스트레스 요인으로 볼 때, 조직 내 대처에 해당하는 갈등관리와는 부정적인 관계를 예상할 수 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 가본적인 관계 하에 효과적 갈등관리에 대한 팀 수준 대처 자원으로서 팀 풍토의 영향을 살펴보고자 하였다. 이것은 새로운 변화를 빈번하게 시도하고 다양한 연령으로 구성된 최근의 팀 조직의 특성을 반영하고, 이러한 팀 환경 하에 갈등을 경험하는 구성원이 보다 능동적인 팀 풍토의 효과를 받아서 갈등관리에 도움이 되는지를 검증하고자 하는 것이다. 국내 다양한 조직에 속해있는 43개 팀에서 152명의 근로자를 대상으로 자료를 수집하였다. 분석 결과, 개인이 인지한 갈등(과업갈등, 관계갈등)을 함께 고려할 때, 관계갈등과 효과적 갈등관리 간에는 유의한 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 팀 수준에서 팀 실책관리풍토는 과업갈등과 효과적 갈등관리의 관계를 유의하게 조절하였으며, 팀 세대조화풍토는 관계갈등과 갈등관리의 관계를 조절하였다. 흥미롭게도 본 연구에서는 세대조화풍토가 관계적 측면의 갈등이 갈등관리를 낮추는 부적 관계를 완화시킬 것이라고 예측하였으나, 반대의 결과가 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과들을 토대로 연구의 학문적 의의와 실무적 시사점, 그리고 제한점과 향후 연구 방향에 대한 제언을 논하였다.

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of conflict within a team on individual effective conflict managemen and to verify the cross-level moderation effects of the team's intergenerational climate and error management climate in this process. Given the conflict experienced by individuals within the organization as a stress factor, the study was to examine the impact of the team climate as a coping resource for stress, This attempt is to verify the effect of a team context that prevents the negative effects of categorization in the recent organization and that accepts mistakes that can cause conflict. To conduct this study, data were collected from 152 workers in 43 teams belonging to various organizations in Korea. The results showed that a direct effect of conflict (task & relationship conflict) on effective conflict management at the individual level was significant. In addition, the team error management climate significantly moderated the effect of task conflict on effective conflict management at the team level, and the team intergenerational climate significantly moderated the effect of relationship conflict on effective conflict management. Interestingly, this study predicted that the intergenerational climate would alleviate the impact of relationship conflict on effective conflict management in terms of emotions and relationships, but the opposite result was found. Based on these research results, the academic significance and practical implications of the study, limitations, and suggestions for future research directions were discussed.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the process of illness adaptation of patients with Atrial Fibrillation (AF). Methods: Data were collected from December 2017 to July 2018 through individual in-depth interviews with thirteen patients with AF. Verbatim transcripts were analyzed using the grounded theory methodology developed by Corbin and Strauss. Results: The core category about the illness adaptation process of patients with AF was identified as “living a life managing the silent insurrection of the heart.” The process of illness adaptation of patients with AF consisted of four phases: “withdrawal”, “transition”, “practice”, and “adeptness”. Conclusion: An in-depth understanding of the illness adaptation process of patients with AF will guide nurses in proactively developing and implementing effective nursing interventions to better support patients with AF in Korea.

This is a case study of the mentoring program conducted by students of K university in Gangwon Province in 2012 with children from multicultural families as mentees. The aim of this mentoring program was to search for an effective managing method of multicultural mentoring program. Data related to the 2012 multicultural mentoring business was analyzed, 5 participants of the mentoring program were interviewed to analyze the mentoring managing process and types of mentoring activities. Results showed that in the managing process, especially in the early stages, a lack of applicants and cursory mentor selection process, pre- training contents mostly related to administration, difficulty in matching due to restrictions in distance lead to a start with a problem which was ‘inadequate resources’. In the level of activity there were various problems such as mentees actions of not being punctual and receptive, the distance to the mentoring area being too far which lead to restrictions in activities, in the calculation stage, due to these problems the average hours of mentoring totaled 71.08 which is very little. There were four types in terms of relationships, active types, effort types, passive type and giving up type. Success factors included mentees personality, competence of mentor in terms of multinationals, proximity and convenience of activity, interest and level of cooperation of mentee’s school and family. For the effective execution of multicultural mentoring, increased support for the expanding of capability of mentors, more cooperation and interest from the families and schools of mentees, continuous support and management of mentoring activities were suggested.

Nowadays, researches on Smart Environments represent interesting challenges in pervasive computing. Indeed, remote services, wireless networks and miniaturized devices are becoming more and more diverse and affordable, as well as essential in our daily activities. Unfortunately, the most of these handled devices and services are rather isolated and cannot easily cooperate between each other. Moreover, there is a clear lack of well accepted standards and platforms to help integrate them into useful process- oriented composite applications. As a consequence, services composition and orchestration research is exploring ways to combine available services and smart components to work together for solving complex problems such as energy control, security, health care, etc. The present paper aims to explore the previous challenges in the context of controlling Smart Residential Environments (SRE). The proposed solution consists first in defining a generic ontology of such environments and then in using it within a Domain Specific Language (DSL) for designing and controlling different environment processes.

Purpose: This research study was based on to analyze the teachers’ activities for managing diversity and challenges for effective teaching and learning process in special schools of Nepal. Method: In this study, the data collection and analysis process were based on interpretive paradigm followed by qualitative research design. Both head teachers and teachers (six head teachers and twelve teachers) were selected as core respondents of the study from six schools (three special and three integrated) based on Kathmandu and Bhaktapur districts by using purposive sampling method. Furthermore, in-depth interview, focus group discussion, and document analysis were used as the prominent tools for data collection. Results: The results of the study indicated that teaching students with diverse needs was quite difficult job for teacher. The study also showed that special teachers did not do proper activities for managing diversity in the classroom. Moreover, numerous factors such as rigid curriculum, lack of teacher training, lack of content integration, inequitable pedagogy, poor practice of scaffolding, low opportunity of self-regulated learning, and insufficient practice of cooperative teaching were identified as the prominent challenges for effective teaching and learning process in the special schools of Nepal. Conclusion: Therefore, this study suggested proper practice of diversity management, adequate teacher training, flexible curriculum, adequate content integration, and cooperative teaching practice helps to ensure the effective teaching and learning process in diverse classroom.

For many years, the clinical laboratory’s focus on analytical quality has resulted in an error rate of 4-5 sigma, which surpasses most other areas in healthcare. However, greater appreciation of the prevalence of errors in the pre- and post-analytical phases and their potential for patient harm has led to increasing requirements for laboratories to take greater responsibility for activities outside their immediate control. Accreditation bodies such as the Joint Commission International (JCI) and the College of American Pathologists (CAP) now require clear and effective procedures for patient/sample identification and communication of critical results. There are a variety of free on-line resources available to aid in managing the extra-analytical phase and the recent publication of quality indicators and proposed performance levels by the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) working group on laboratory errors and patient safety provides particularly useful benchmarking data. Managing the extra-laboratory phase of the total testing cycle is the next challenge for laboratory medicine. By building on its existing quality management expertise, quantitative scientific background and familiarity with information technology, the clinical laboratory is well suited to play a greater role in reducing errors and improving patient safety outside the confines of the laboratory.

It is more important than ever for companies to distinguish themselves through knowledge management strategies. Without a constant creation of knowledge, a business is condemned to poor performance. However, it is still unclear how these strategies affect knowledge creation. Knowledge management strategies can be categorized as being either human or system oriented. This paper proposes a model to illustrate the link between the strategies and its creating process. It is found that human strategy is more likely to be effective for socialization while system strategy is more likely to be effective for combination. Furthermore, the result suggests that managers should adjust knowledge management strategies in view of the characteristics of their departments.

본 연구는 1916년부터 1926년까지 조선철도 정책과 그 변화를 주제로 하고 있으며,　분석의 초점은 주로 조선철도의 만주철도에의 위탁과 그 해제에 두었다. 1910년부터 1917년 사이의 조선철도는 대륙을 연결하는 남종관선이 부설되어 1917년에 만주철도에 위탁되었다가 1925년에 해제되었다. 조선철도의 만주철도위탁과 환원과정을 통해 당시 철도상황과 관료집단을 연구한 결과, 정책의 추진주체와 관련인물들 간의 역학관계와 갈등의 여러 가지 모습을 확인할 수 있었다. 위탁 기간 중 만주철도 직원의 많은 수가 조선철도로 들어오게 되었을 뿐만 아니라 그 이후에도 많은 영향을 미치게 되었다. 즉 당시의 위탁과 해제를 둘러싼 환경요인과 관료들의 역학관계를 분석한 결과, 철도정책이 일본의 대륙론자들의 주도로 추진되었고 이를 통해 조선철도는 운임인상, 교육제도신설, 사설철도의 확장 등의 변화가 일어났다. 그러나 서로 다른 추체 간의 건설과 운영과 다른 이념 그리고 준비시간의 부족으로 운영상의 문제점과 갈등을 야기시켰고 결국 위탁 해제과정에 이르게 되었다.

This paper analyzed Japan’s policy and management process of consigning Chosun Railways into the Manchuria Railway. While Chosun Railways were entrusted, its style of managing was quite different from that of Japan’s direct management. After eight years of trust management, the way of managing Chosun Railways was again changed to a system of directly managed by Japan. As a result of examining into the decision and enforcement process of consignment, this paper found some problems and limitations. First of all, there were divergent views and conflicts between the Chosun and the Manchuria Railway bureaucrats. It came from the heavy burden of tasks assigned to the Manchuria Railway. Second, colonial policy, which was aimed to merge Choson and Manchuria, could not be applied adequately due to lacking of substantiality between public management and transportation. Third, it reveals lacking unification on rail construction and operation based on concrete preparation of adequate time and common goal. These problems and limitations of Japanese policy toward the Chosun Railway plainly show a characteristics of colonial rail policy.

This is a case study of the mentoring program conducted by students of K university in Gangwon Province in 2012 with children from multicultural families as mentees. The aim of this mentoring program was to search for an effective managing method of multicultural mentoring program. Data related to the 2012 multicultural mentoring business was analyzed, 5 participants of the mentoring program were interviewed to analyze the mentoring managing process and types of mentoring activities. Results showed that in the managing process, especially in the early stages, a lack of applicants and cursory mentor selection process, pre-training contents mostly related to administration, difficulty in matching due to restrictions in distance lead to a start with a problem which was ‘inadequate resources’. In the level of activity there were various problems such as mentees actions of not being punctual and receptive, the distance to the mentoring area being too far which lead to restrictions in activities, in the calculation stage, due to these problems the average hours of mentoring totaled 71.08 which is very little. There were four types in terms of relationships, active types, effort types, passive type and giving up type. Success factors included mentees personality, competence of mentor in terms of multinationals, proximity and convenience of activity, interest and level of cooperation of mentee’s school and family. For the effective execution of multicultural mentoring, increased support for the expanding of capability of mentors, more cooperation and interest from the families and schools of mentees, continuous support and management of mentoring activities were suggested.

오늘날 급변하는 IT 환경에 신속하게 대응하기 위한 기업의 데이터 관리시스템의 중요성이 강조되고 있다. 특히, 최근에는 기업의 시스템이 복잡해지고 데이터의 규모가 점점 대형화 되면서 기업들은 데이터 관리를 위해 메타데이터 관리시스템의 활용이 증가하고 있다. 하지만 현재 도입되는 메타데이터 관리시스템은 테이블 이관 시 모델과 실제 데이터베이스 사이의 정합성을 유지하기 위해 불필요한 반복적인 프로세스를 수행해야 하는 문제점을 가진다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 이관관리 프로세스 개선을 위한 메타데이터 관리시스템을 구현하고 테스트 하였다.

오늘날 기업의 시스템은 훨씬 복잡해지고 다루는 데이터의 규모는 점점 대형화됨에 따라 환경 변화에 기업이 대응하기가 어려워지고 있다. IT 환경의 변화에 기업이 대응하기 위해서는 메타데이터 관리시스템의 기능을 개선할 필요가 있다. 본 논문에서는 데이터 모델링에 대한 새로운 요구사항을 신속히 반영하기 위해서 모델의 변경 이력을 참조하지 않고 이관해야 할 목표 데이터베이스의 테이블의 형상을 비교하여 이관 관리 프로세스를 향상시킨 알고리즘을 설계하였다. 본 논문서 설계한 알고리즘을 통해 모델의 변경 이력을 참조할 경우 발생하는 데이터베이스 변경의 처리 횟수를 줄임으로써 프로세스 개선의 효과를 기대할 수 있는 알고리즘을 제시하였다.

이 글은 1920년대까지 백씨 집안 주력회사였던 대창무역주식회사(大昌貿易株式會社)의 설립과 경영에 주목하여 이 집안이 전통상인에서 근대 상인으로, 그리고 산업자본으로 변신해가는 과정을 분석하였다. 백씨 집안이 전통상인에서 몰락하지 않고 근대 상인자본으로 전환하는데 성공한 것은 이토 히로부미(伊藤博文)를 매개로 한 한상룡(韓相 龍)과 한성은행(漢城銀行)이라는 배경이 작용했다. 1916년 설립한 대창무역은 그 결과물이었고, 제1차 세계대전 전시호황 최대의 수혜자가되었다. 그러나 1920년 시작된 전후 불황은 대창무역의 이후 장기 경영난의 시작이었다. 1920년 한 해에만 12만 엔이 넘는 거액의 영업손실을 내었고, 1920년대 말에는 결국 파산하였다. 1930년을 전후하여백씨 집안은 대창무역의 부흥을 기획하였으나 번번이 실패하였다. 여기에는 대창무역의 주거래은행이자 장기채권자이기도 한 한성은행의의도가 작용하였다. 한성은행은 대창무역의 부흥에 회의적이었으며, 그보다는 자회사 대창직물의 제품판매소 역할에 충실하기를 희망했다. 한성은행의 자금지원을 통해 1932년 설립되는 대창사는 한성은행의 의도가 철저하게 반영된 결과물이었다. 대창무역 시대의 종식으로 백씨 집안은 대창직물과 태창직물(泰昌織物) 경영을 주력으로 한 산업자본가로전환하였다. 이 과정은 백씨 집안의 자발적 선택만은 아니었다. 자금지원을 무기로 한 한성은행의 강력한 영향력이 작용하였기 때문이다.

The present study pays attention to the founding and management of the central company of the Baek Family up to the 1920s, which is the Daechang Trading Corporation, in order to analyze the process of transformation from traditional merchant to modern merchant and then to industrial capital. The reason that the Baek family succeeded in transitioning to modern merchant capital while avoiding a collapse at the level of traditional merchant was none other than the background of Han Sang-ryong and Hanseong Bank, with Ito Hirobumi as the broker. Daechang Trading, founded in 1916, was its result, and became the largest beneficiary of the wartime economic boom of the First World War. However, the postwar recession starting in 1920 was the beginning of Daechang Trading’s long-term financial difficulties. In just the year of 1920, it suffered tremendous losses of over 120 thousand yen, and by the end of the 1920s, it went bankrupt. Around 1930, the Baek family planned a revival of Daechang Trading, but they failed time and again. The intentions of Hanseong Bank, the main bank and long-term creditor of Daechang Trading, was a factor in this failure. Hanseong Bank was skeptical to the revival of Daechang Trading, and instead hoped that it devoted itself to the role of product store for subsidiary Daechang Textile Corporation. Founded in 1932 through the funding of Hanseong Bank, Daechangsa Inc. is a result that thoroughly reflects the intentions of Hanseong Bank. With the end of the Daechang Trading era, the Baek family transitioned into industrial capitalists with Daechang Textile and Taechang Textile Corporations as their central companies. This process was not a voluntary choice by the Baek family as Hanseong Bank, armed with funding, exerted powerful influence.

반도체 공정 과정에서 설비의 효율의 높이고 생산성 향상을 도모하며 라인의 품질 사고 방지를 위하여 공정 진행 과정을 실시간으로 모니터링하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 이 연구에서는 반도체 공정의 전반적인 작업현황을 실시간으로 파악하고 비정상적인 상황이 발생하는 경우 즉각적으로 대응하기 위해 생산현장의 임베디드 PC들과 통신하여 공정 처리 데이터를 저장하고 이상 발생과 이력 정보 등을 제공하는 웹기반 모니터링시스템을 설계하고 구현하고자 한다. 이 논문의 궁극적인 목표는 작업라인의 현황을 실시간으로 파악하는 온라인 시스템을 구축하여 인력의 고도화를 도모하고 기업의 생산성 증대와 제품의 품질 향상에 기여하는 것이다.

반도체 공정 과정에서 설비의 효율의 높이고 생산성 향상을 도모하며 라인의 품질 사고 방지를 위하여 공정 진행 과정을 실시간으로 모니터링하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 이 연구에서는 반도체 공정의 전반적인 작업현황을 실시간으로 파악하고 비정상적인 상황이 발생하는 경우 즉각적으로 대응하기 위해 생산현장의 임베디드 PC들과 통신하여 공정 처리 데이터를 저장하고 이상 발생과 이력 정보 등을 제공하는 웹기반 모니터링시스템을 설계하고 구현하고자 한다. 이 논문의 궁극적인 목표는 작업라인의 현황을 실시간으로 파악하는 온라인 시스템을 구축하여 인력의 고도화를 도모하고 기업의 생산성 증대와 제품의 품질 향상에 기여하는 것이다.

이 논문은 중국의 개혁.개방 이후 외국의 자본, 기술, 관리방식을 도입하여 경제발전 및 지역개발을 이루기 위한 목적으로 설치된 개발구의 설치과정과 운영시스템에 관한 것이다. 중국에서 개발구는 지역개방의 확장에 따라 양적 유형적 측면에서 지속적으로 확대되어 개방지역의 체제변화에 선도적 역할과 함께 지역경제성장의 핵심부분으로 발전하고 있다. 개발구를 조성하는 과정에서 중앙정부 및 지방정부의 조정과 통제는 초기에 강력한 영향력을 미쳤다. 그러나 현재 개발구내의 경제활동 및 기업활동은 자본주의 시장원리에 의해 운영되고 있으며, 개발구의 효율성을 제고하기 위하여 중앙정부 또는 지방정부의 통제는 최소화되는 한편 개발구 관리위원회의 자율성은 강화되고 있다.

The purpose of this study is about the installation process and managing system of Economic Development District installed in order to make economic and local development by introducing foreign investment, technology and managing methods after the reformation of China. The Economic Development District of China is being continuously enlarged in its quantity and form as the local opening is being enlarged, and so that it is leading the systematic change of open district and is being developed as a core part of local economic growth. The central and local governments used to mediate and control the fostering of Economic Development Districts in their initial stage. However, the economic and business activities in Economic Development Districts are controlled by the capitalistic market forces now, and the control of central and local governments are being reduced to the minimum and the autonomy of the administrative commission is being reinforced for the efficiency of Economic Development District.

This paper aims to summarize what roles teachers of Japanese play in the process of administering and managing e-learning contents and identify what qualifications and abilities are required of the teachers in addition to those required in conventional face-to-face learning by looking into a case of Japanese classroom practices in the Cyber Hankuk University of Foreign Studies. In analyzing the teachers’ qualifications and abilities, by examining the cases of administering and managing the contents of Japanese language and circumstances in Japan, from three perspectives of ‘professionalism’, ‘self-educational ability’ and ‘humanity,’ and drew characteristics of the qualifications and abilities required for teachers of Japanese in the process of administering and managing the e-learning contents. As a result, it was concluded that the qualifications and abilities required of teachers of Japanese in the process of administering and managing the e-learning contents included ‘ability of communication in Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) space’, ‘ability to improve mentoring’ and ‘autonomy and humility.’

A railway is a complex system integrated with a lot of technical elements such as trains, track facilities, human factors, operation & control and maintenance. As a mass transportation system, a railway could contain potential risks that may result in a high death rate and property losses. Accordingly, Railroad Safety Technology R&D Corps. is adopting the plan of the construction of Railway Safety Test Facilities as a part of the Railway Total Safety Project to enhance the railway safety, and carrying out researches on effective project management methods with Systems Engineering techniques. Recently, various systems engineering tools such as CORE or Cradle are applied to manage the system requirements and the project management process in the part of the aerospace engineering and automobile engineering so on. The railway industry also makes an effort to develop an efficient management skills using systems engineering tools as the railway system is multi-disciplinary. Therefore, we propose the more effectual management method of constructing the Railway Safety Test Facilities applying the systems engineering tool to the research.

6시그마는 지난 20여 년간 제조 및 서비스 등의 산업에서 프로세스 개선을 위하여 꾸준히 적용되어왔다. 그럼에도 불구하고 6시그마는 Define 단계에서 의미있는 프로젝트를 계속 발굴하기 힘들고 Control 단계에서 지속적인 측정 및 통제가 쉽지 않다는 문제가 지적되었다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 개선 프로세스의 지속적인 통제와 관리를 원활히 할 수 있는 체계가 요구되며, 비즈니스 프로세스 관리(BPM) 시스템이 효과적 대안이 될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 프로세스 운영 및 분석에서 누적된 데이터를 중심으로 지속적 프로세스 개선을 실현하기 위한 목적으로 6시그마와 BPM의 통합 모형을 제시하고, 프로젝트 수행을 위하여 상호 데이터 기반으로 프로세스를 분석, 개선, 모니터링하는 과정을 설명한다. 이를 통하여 6시그마와 BPM의 장점을 결합하여, 지속적으로 업무를 개선하고 관리함으로써 전사적인 경영성과를 극대화할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

Six Sigma has been adopted for the last two decades in many industries of manufacturing and service business to implement processs improvement. The methodology has difficulties in discovering target projects in the Define step and in controlling continuous measure and control in the Control step. To address the problem, more advanced system is required to support continuous control and management, and business process management (BPM) can be an effective solution for this problem. In this research, we introduce integrated models of Six Sigma and BPM for the purpose of realizing continuous process improvement, and explain the procedure of analyzing, improving, and monitoring the processes based on the data which has been accumulated in business process execution. It is expected that this integrated approach can maximize business performance by improving and managing business continuously on the integrated platform of two business innovation strategies, Six Sigma and BPM.

Alternative Process of Public Participation in Resolving Environmental Disputes : Focused on the Disputes in Building and Managing the Waste Disposal Facility