Earticle

This study is about the history of Hwianzi(淮南子)‘s study in Chian and Korea. So far, esseys for Hwianzi are relatively very few. The reason for this maybe from a misunderstanding for Hwianzi : Hwianzi has no a core thought. However this text is a essential book for the study of Hwang-Lao(黃老學). Because it has abundant materials for the early Taoism and the Hwang-Lao Taoism. Therefore we have to study this text profundly to know the outline of Hwang-Lao. Nowdays, not a few scholars have concern for Hwianzi and not a few essays have produced. So we can expect a great growth in study of Hwianzi in the future.

본 연구는 9~47개월 영유아를 대상으로 자폐스펙트럼장애 위험군을 선별하기 위한 교사 보고용 설문 검사도구인 걸음마기 아동 행동 발달 선별 척도-교사용 설문지(BeDevel-Q/T: Behavior Development Screening for Toddlers-Questionnaire/Teacher)의 타당성을 검정하였다. 217명(일반발달군 179명, ASD군 32명, 발달지연군 6명) 대상으로 예비 조사를 실시하였다. 본 조사(총 1,936명, 이 중 일반발달군 1,833명, ASD군 62명, 발달지연군 41명)에서 예비 문항, M-CHAT, BITSEA의 자폐증 선별에 민감한 문항, K-DST의 사회성 영역을 측정하였다. 그 결과 9~11개월, 12~23개월, 24~35개월, 36~47개월로 구분되며, 월령별로 7~27개 문항으로 구성되고, 3개 하위요인이 도출되었다. BeDevel-Q/T와 M-CHAT, BITSEA의 자폐증 선별에 민감한 문항, K-DST의 사회성 영역과의 상관분석 및 일반발달 집단, ASD 집단, 발달지연 집단간 차이 분석을 활용하여 BeDevel- Q/T의 타당도를 검정하였고, 본 척도는 받아들일 만한 수준의 타당도를 보였다. BeDevel-Q/T는 민감도(50.0~85.0%), 특이도(59.6~84.8%), 문항 내적 일치도(Cronbach's α=.72~.76), 검사-재검사 신뢰도(R=.79~.94)에서도 높은 수준의 결과를 나타내었다. BeDevel-Q/T가 한국의 보육 및 교육환경에서 영유아기 ASD를 조기 선별하는 간편선별 도구로 유용하게 사용되기를 기대한다.

This study validified the Behavior Development Screening for Toddlers-Questionnaire/Teachers (BeDevel-Q/T), an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) screening instrument. This assessment serves the purpose of teacher reports for early screening of ASD on infants aged 9-47 months. Pilot tests were conducted on a total of 217 people(N=179 typical development, N=32 ASD, n=6+DD). A total of 1,936 participants were tested N = 1,833 typical development, N = 62 ASD, N = 41 developmentally delayed). The results showed a line between age ranges of 9-11 months, 12-23 months, 24-35 months and 36-47 months. Each age ranges consisted of 7-27 questionnaires and 3 subfactors. BeDevel-Q/T validity was tested by the general developmental criterion of BeDevel-Q/T, M-CHAT, Autism items from BITSEA and sociability items from K-DST. M-CHAT, Autism items from BITSEA and sociability items from K-DST were also employed and correlation analysis was performed and general differentiation factors between ASD, developmental delayed, and normal groups were also considered. Results showed a reasonable level of acceptability. BeDevel-Q/T showed high sensitivity (50.0-85.0%), specificity (59.60-84.8%), high internal consistency (Cronbach's α=0.72-76) as well as high test-retest reliability (r=0.79-94). Our results suggest that BeDevel-Q/T might work as a useful short form screener for early identi?cation of ASD in primary care settings.

=A Study to Standardize the Child Development Review in Korea*

본 연구는 한국 다문화정책의 적극적인 구상 및 실천 방안으로서 공적개발원조에 대한 다문화청소년의 인식을 살펴보고 이들의 잠재 역량을 강화시킬 수 있는 공적개발원조 사업 참여를 위한 구체적인 방안을 제안하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 부모 중 한 명이 외국 출신이며 중·고등학교에 재학 중인 다문화청소년 194명을 조사 대상으로 하였다. 다문화청소년은 공적개발원조에 대한 중요성을 높게 인식하였으나, 공적개발원조 사업 참여에 대한 관심과 공적개발원조 관련 교육에 대한 참여경험 수준은 낮게 나타났다. 또한 자신의 공적개발원조 사업 참여 대한 관심은 낮았으나, 국제사회에서의 상호협력을 더욱 높이기 위하여 다문화청소년이 공적개발원조 사업에 적극적으로 참여해야 한다는 필요성에 대해서는 다소 높게 인식하였다. 본 연구결과는 다문화청소년의 다문화적 특성을 강점으로 부각하여 활용할 수 있는 미래 공적개발원조 인력 양성을 위한 방안 제시 및 차세대 리더로서 다문화청소년의 미래생활설계에 도움이 될 것이다.

The purpose of this study was to propose specific policies to expand and promote the possibility of multicultural adolescents to participate in the Official Development Assistance (ODA) program. The study examined multicultural adolescent’s perception about ODA, which to be used as fundamental guiding tool for fostering and leading potentials into high caliber multicultural adolescents as one of personnel at ODA in the future. Untrained multicultural adolescents cannot be put into the ODA activity immediately. But such tries as utilizing them is not only beneficial to individual but also from the perspective of a nation, it is beneficial, by enabling and widening door to multicultural family’s participation into society. Prepared trainee of ODA personnel will contribute by reducing social cost and saving time immensely. As a result, there is great possibility of new trend and new culture development spreading by multicultural adolescents, who have cultural-diversity as advantage. These trained multicultural adolescents will play a major role in enhancing competitiveness of Korea’s future.

본 연구의 목적은 이탈(derailment)과 관련된 어두운 성격요인의 남녀차이를 탐색적으로 살펴보고, 기존 연구(조인철, 김명소, 2010)에서 어두운 성격요인 중 일관되게 역기능적으로 구분되는 요인들이 남녀 모두에게 동일하게 도출되는지를 검증해 보며, 대학생활 효과성을 예측하는데 있어서 어두운 성격 요인의 남녀차이가 있는지를 확인하기 위함이다. 이를 위해 237명의 A대학 재학생들을 대상으로 어두운 성격 요인을 측정하기 위해 개발된 HDS(Hogan Development Survey)와 함께 HEXACO 성격검사, PAI(Personality Assessment Inventory) 및 대학생활 효과성 관련 척도(맥락수행, 직업기초능력, 심리적 안녕감, 삶의 만족도)를 실시하였다. 11개 요인 중 남자의 경우 양면적인, 자기과시적인, 무모한, 인기주의적 요인에서 높게 나타났으며, 변덕스러운, 보수적인 요인에서는 여자들이 더욱 높은 점수를 보였다. 나머지 비판적인, 무관심한, 자유분방한, 완벽주의적, 의존적인 요인에서는 통계적으로 유의미한 남녀차이가 나타나지 않았다. 어두운 성격요인과 다양한 변인들과의 관련성에서는 남녀에 상관없이 4개 요인(변덕스러운, 비판적인, 보수적인, 무모한)이 역기능적으로 작용하는 패턴을 보였는데, 이는 기존 연구 결과를 지지하는 것이다. 또한 어두운 성격 요인 일부는 대학생활 효과성 관련 척도를 예측하는 데 남녀 간의 차이를 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점에 대해 논의하였다.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate gender differences pertaining to the dark side of personality, which is related to derailment factors and their effect on college-life effectiveness, based on the HDS (Hogan Development Survey), which comprises 11 dysfunctional personalities. Specifically, the study was focused on (1) gender differences on the 11 HDS scales (2) gender differences on scales for characteristics, such as excitable, skeptical, cautious, and reserved (i.e., the cluster of moving away from people); these scales were consistently, positively related to the dark sides or clinical factors of PAI and negatively related to the bright side of personality (HEXACO), contextual performance, basic occupational competencies required for college students, psychological well-being, and life satisfaction, and (3) gender differences in the relationships between the HDS scales and the various criteria of college-life effectiveness. A total of 237 college students who applied to a leadership program of A university participated in the survey. The results of the mean difference analysis demonstrated that gender differences were observed on the 6 HDS scales. To be specific, female students reported a higher level of the HDS scales than male students in terms of being excitable and cautious. On the other hand, the HDS scales for leisurely, bold, mischievous, and colorful were higher for males than females. The rest of the HDS scales (skeptical, reserved, imaginative, diligent, and dutiful) showed no significant differences between males and females. Regardless of gender, excitable, skeptical, cautious, and reserved scales were shown to be positively related to dark side of personality and clinical factors of PAI as well as to be negatively related to bright side of personality, which supports the previous study results. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that different scales of HDS were the significant predictors for college life effectiveness for males and females. Suggestions for future research and practical implications were provided based on the findings.

본 연구에서는 우리나라 대학생을 대상으로 성격의 어두운 측면을 측정하기 위해 개발된 HDS(Hogan Development Survey)의 11개 이탈 요인에 대한 구성 타당도 일반화 가능성을 검토하고, 대학생의 맥락 수행, 직업기초능력, 심리적 안녕감 및 삶의 만족도 등 다양한 대학생활 효과성 변인들과의 관련성을 탐색적으로 살펴보고자 한다. A 대학의 리더 선발 과정에 지원한 재학생 233명이 연구에 참여하였다. 먼저, HDS 요인들의 구성 타당도를 검토하기 위해 HDS와 함께 성격 및 정신병리 평가의 목적으로 개발된 PAI, 성격 6요인 모델에 기초하여 비교적 성격의 밝은 측면을 측정하기 위해 개발된 HEXACO 성격검사를 실시하여 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 몇 몇 요인들에 대해 수렴 및 변별 타당도가 지지되었다. 구체적으로, 11개 요인 중 변덕스러운, 비판적인, 보수적인, 무관심한 요인(즉, 사람들에게 자신을 드러내지 않으려는 회피적 행동 요인군)은 대부분의 밝은 측면의 성격 요인들과 부적 관계를 보인 반면, PAI의 임상적 척도들과는 정적 관계를 나타냈다. 한편, 자기 과시적, 무모한, 인기주의적, 자유분방한, 완벽주의적 요인들(즉, 사람들에게 자신을 지나치게 드러내려는 경향의 과시적 행동 요인군)의 경우, HEXACO 요인들과 대부분 정적 관계를 보이지만 PAI 임상척도와는 부적 관계를 나타냈다. 또한, 다양한 대학생활 효과성에 대한 HDS의 준거 관련 타당도 분석에서도 위와 일관성이 높은 결과가 도출되었다. 즉, 변덕스러운, 비판적인, 보수적인, 무관심한 요인은 맥락수행, 직업기초능력, 심리적 안녕감 및 삶의 만족도와 대부분 유의미한 부적 관계를 보인 반면, 자기 과시적, 무모한, 인기주의적, 자유분방한, 완벽주의적 요인들의 경우 대부분 긍정적인 상관이 도출됨으로써, 우리나라 대학생들에게는 HDS 11개 요인들 중 변덕스러운, 비판적인, 보수적인, 무관심한 요인들이 이탈과 관련 있는 역기능적 성격특성임이 밝혀졌다. 한편, 양면적인과 의존적인 특성은 위 상관관계 분석에서 뚜렷한 패턴을 보이지 않았다. 마지막으로 위계적 회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 기존 선발이나 진단 장면에서 많이 활용되고 있는 밝은 측면의 성격특성 HEXACO 6요인에 본 연구에서 역기능적 성격특성으로 밝혀진 HDS 4개 요인을 추가하였을 때, 유의미한 증분 설명량이 도출됨으로써 준거 관련 타당도를 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점에 대해 논의하였다.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the construct validity of derailment factors and their effect on college life effectiveness based on HDS(Hogan Development Survey) which is composed of 11 derailment factors of personality. Specifically, the study was focused on (1) the convergent validity of the HDS factors with the clinical scales of PAI(Personality Assessment Inventory), (2) the discriminant validity of the HDS factors with the 6 factors of HEXACO, and (3) the criterion related validity of the HDS factors with the various criteria of college life effectiveness(i.e., contextual performance, basic occupational competencies required for college students, psychological well-being, and life satisfaction). 233 college students who applied to a leadership program of A university participated in the survey. The results of correlation analysis demonstrated that the factors of excitable, skeptical, cautious, and reserved(i.e., the cluster of moving away from people) were consistently positively related with the dark sides or clinical factors of PAI, while they showed negative correlations with 6 bright sides of personality measured by the HEXACO, supporting the convergent as well as discriminant validity of the 4 HDS factors. The 4 factors were also shown to have criterion related validity with both performance and well being measures, for they had significantly negative correlations with all of the criteria of college life effectiveness. Meanwhile, the 5 factors of arrogant, mischievous, colorful, imaginative, and diligent(i.e., the cluster of moving against from people) showed the positive relationship with bright sides of personality, performance, and well-being, indicating these factors seemed functional for Korean college students. And, leisurely and dutiful factor had no particular relationship with most of PAI & HEXACO factors and performance measures. Finally, the results of hierarchical regression analysis showed that incremental variances of the HDS 4 factors on both performance and well being were significant. Suggestions for future research and practical implications were provided based on the findings.

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to develop a prediction model for pressure injury using a machine learning algorithm and to integrate it into clinical practice. Methods: This was a retrospective study of tertiary hospitals in Seoul, Korea. It analyzed patients in 12 departments where many pressure injuries occurred, including 8 general wards and 4 intensive care units from January 2018 to May 2022. In total, 182 variables were included in the model development. A pressure injury prediction model was developed using the gradient boosting algorithm, logistic regression, and decision tree methods, and it was compared to the Braden scale. Results: Among the 1,389,660 general ward cases, there were 451 cases of pressure injuries, and among 139,897 intensive care unit cases, there were 297 cases of pressure injuries. Among the tested prediction models, the gradient boosting algorithm showed the highest predictive performance. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the gradient boosting algorithm's pressure injury prediction model in the general ward and intensive care unit was 0.86 (95% confidence interval, 0.83~0.89) and 0.83 (95% confidence interval, 0.79~0.87), respectively. This model was integrated into the electronic health record system to show each patient's probability for pressure injury occurrence, and the risk factors calculated every hour. Conclusion: The prediction model developed using the gradient boosting algorithm exhibited higher performance than the Braden scale. A clinical decision support system that automatically assesses pressure injury risk allows nurses to focus on patients at high risk for pressure injuries without increasing their workload.

The purpose of this study is to research and development of 'Korea B(Benefit)-impact Model' for Sustainable Development. A concept evaluation model is 'B(Benefit)-impact model' in U.S.A. We use the results of surveys that examined the importance of social value issues to stakeholders in Korea to implement the benefit-impact model in Korea. In particular, in this paper, we use the KSI(Korean Sustainability Index) survey data conducted by the Korea Standards Association to evaluate the social value of the construction industry for representative stakeholders in the construction industry. The social value pool and the activity indicator pool used for the survey are created based on relevant International Standards; ISO 26000, ISO 14001, ISO 37001. As a result, Korea B-impact model for construction industry included the following five core social value issues; Strengthen transparency of corporate management, Ensure fair employment and employment relations, Efforts to prevent corruption, Conduct fair competition, Efforts to prevent environmental pollution. In addition, the US B-impact model has three limitations. First, it is unclear whether the key indicators have been derived while considering all issues of social value. Second, US B-impact model indicators are developed by the social responsibility experts, so it is necessary to review by stakeholders in each industry. Finally, it would be more effective for companies to use the B-impact model index as a more detailed activity indicator. When developing a Korea B-impact model, the following methods are used to supplement it. First, we reviewed all social value issues using international standards. Secondly, we used the KSI(Korean Sustainability index) survey results to derive the importance of the social value issue of construction industry in Korea. Finally, we have clearly matched the activity indicators by social value core issues based on the GRI Standard so that companies can actually use the Korea B-impact model for the construction sector. The detailed development stages and results of this study are as follows;.

Cities in Indonesia include diverse scattered industrial centers comprising industries that can sustain the existing economic pace. For industrial data collection, the city government still relies on census that consumes extensive time and money. The public are unfamiliar with industries owing to their lack of industry information; therefore, the market share is not optimal. In addition, the opportunity to procure investors for business development is limited. A Geographic Information System (GIS) is a computer system that can record, store, write, analyze, and display geographical data. Using the Rapid Application Development (RAD) method, GIS was developed on a website platform to provide information on industry profiles, types of production, investment values, industry maps, and industrial locations in each village and sub-district to a wider community. The RAD method was chosen compared to the waterfall method because it could accelerate website development process.

South and North Korea, the divided nations on the Korean peninsula, began with the same modern city planning system, but following the adoption of different national ideologies-capitalism and socialism-, they established their own city planning system and developed their cities accordingly. However, the process of planning and developing a joint city of Kaesong Industrial Complex (KIC) led to the recognition about the need to bridge the differences and prepare for future joint development. This study examines North Korea's city planning system by comparing the two Koreas' systems, and identify the characteristics of North Korea's city planning system through a case analysis of the KIC. By comparing two cases, we found two distinct characteristics of North Korea's. The one is a tool for realizing ideologies and maintaining national system. The other one is that it is ideology-oriented system for the supreme leader and party while South Korea has control-oriented system for the public. We analyze the KIC case based on four pillars: planning system, development system and procedure, master plan, and use behaviors. Result of analysis shows that in KIC there are many socialistic features as we mentioned above in terms of planning system, urban design & structure, and use behavior even though a private enterprise-Hyundai Asan, in South Korea led the whole process. This study is meaningful in that it identifies the specific characteristics of North Korea's city planning focusing on the KIC and is expected to serve as a baseline material to set the future direction for North Korea's development.

Recently, bottom-up information systems (BUIS), developed according to the requirements of individual user departments, have become popular. However, effective management of BUIS projects is not enough, with many organizations having experienced integration challenges with such individual projects. BUIS projects are relatively small and limited in scope, as opposed to the large, complex systems developed through traditional top-down information system development projects. Due to these differences in characteristics, the control modes as well as the aspects to improve development performance in each type of project are also different. Therefore, it is difficult to apply the results of prior research on control in system development projects to improve BUIS project performance. The purpose of this study is to derive a new theory of control to improve BUIS project performance. The results contribute to the improvement of firm performance through effective control of BUIS projects in modern enterprises.

An accurate and reliable motion capture (MoCap) system is essential for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) development, particularly for indoor flight tests. Existing wireless positioning methods, such as ultra-wideband, Wi-fi, or Bluetooth, are appealing because of their relatively low hardware requirements and ease of integration, but they are limited by multipath interference and inaccuracy. Computer vision-based systems offer higher accuracy; however, commercial solutions such as Vicon or Optitrack are costly and depend on proprietary software. This paper presents an accurate, vision-based, low-cost MoCap system for indoor UAV tracking. The system combines multiple Raspberry Pi cameras with hardware and software synchronization, reflective markers as tracking points, and Robot Operating System (ROS) middleware for communication. Experimental validation compares position data from the MoCap system with estimates from the PX4 flight controller. Results demonstrate good tracking performance across various UAV flight trajectories, with root mean square errors in 3D consistently below 0.06 m and no directional deviations exceeding 0.05 m.

Purpose: To improve the quality of postoperative care and promote recovery after surgery, it is important that nursing education is competency-based and that competency assessment is an integral part of the educational process. The purpose of this study was to develop a tool to evaluate nursing students' perceived competence in postoperative care. Methods: This cross-sectional methodological study followed DeVellis's scale development steps and was conducted between December 2022 and March 2023. In this study, 892 students were invited and 703 responded. After exclusions, data from 645 students were analyzed to examine the psychometric structure of the scale using exploratory factor analysis (n=327) and confirmatory factor analysis (n=318). Reliability was assessed by calculating Cronbach's α coefficients and by test-retest measurement (n=46). Results: The proposed scale was confirmed to consist of five factors and 28 items (χ²/degrees of freedom=2.25, root mean square error of approximation=.06, normed fit index=.90, and goodness-of-fit index=.85). Cronbach's α was .97 for the total scale. The data demonstrated high test-retest stability (intraclass correlation coefficient=.88). The scale developed and psychometrically tested in this study revealed a five-factor structure: legal responsibilities and ethical principles (seven items), postoperative nursing care (seven items), interpersonal relations and communication (four items), leadership (six items), and education and professional development (four items). Conclusion: The scale, which demonstrated very good psychometric properties, would be helpful in assessing perceived postoperative nursing competence among nursing students. This may help students graduate with the necessary knowledge and skills required for postoperative care. However, further research involving larger samples and more diverse cultural contexts is needed to enhance the generalizability of the scale.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a sensorimotor integration-based physical activity program targeting balance- and gait-related functions in adolescents with intellectual disabilities, and to evaluate its content validity and preliminary feasibility. Design: A methodological study involving program development, content validity evaluation, and feasibility assessment. Methods: A developmental research design based on the ADDIE model was employed, which consisted of analysis, design, development, pilot implementation, and evaluation through expert validation and feasibility assessment. The program incorporated progressive balance, gait, and dual-task activities grounded in the principles of sensorimotor integration, and consisted of eight sessions delivered twice weekly for four weeks. Content validity was evaluated by five experts using the item-level content validity index (I-CVI) and scale-level content validity index average methods (S-CVI/Ave). Three teachers assessed the feasibility in six adolescents with intellectual disabilities in terms of participation rate, task completion rate, safety, and teacher-rated usability. Results: The I-CVI values ranged from 0.80 to 1.00, and the S-CVI/Ave was 0.92, indicating high content validity. The participation rate was 100% and the task completion rate was 85%, with no adverse events reported. The mean teacher-rated usability score was 4.5 ± 0.5 on a 5-point Likert scale, indicating favorable teacher-perceived usability and supporting the preliminary feasibility of school-based implementation. Conclusions: The sensorimotor integration-based physical activity program demonstrated high content validity and preliminary feasibility as a structured school-based program for adolescents with intellectual disabilities. Future studies should further examine student-reported acceptability and evaluate its effectiveness using controlled experimental designs.

Background: Hallux valgus (HV) is a common forefoot deformity that can lead to pain, altered gait, and musculoskeletal dysfunctions. Accurate severity assessment is essential for clinical decision-making, yet radiographic methods, though accurate-are costly and less accessible. Objects: This study aimed to develop and clinically validate an end-to-end artificial intelligence (AI)-based mobile application for HV severity classification from smartphone-captured dorsal foot photographs. Methods: The study comprised two phases. In Phase 1 (App & Model Development), we developed a mobile application integrating foot Red-Green-Blue (RGB) image capture, HV severity classification, and immediate reporting. Paired (weight-bearing anteroposterior foot) radiographs and smartphone dorsal foot photographs were collected from 180 adults with HV. Radiographic HV angle and intermetatarsal angle were measured to categorize severity (mild, moderate, severe) as ground truth. A MobileNetV2 convolutional neural network (CNN) was trained on dorsal foot images to predict severity. In Phase 2 (External Validation & Usability Assessment), 30 independent participants underwent both radiographic and app-based severity assessments. Diagnostic times were recorded for both assessments. Participants then completed a 10-item Likert-scale usability questionnaire, with internal consistency assessed using Cronbach's α. Results: The CNN successfully classified HV severity based on radiographic ground truth and showed consistent performance on an external dataset. App-based assessment was on average approximately 12 minutes faster than radiographic evaluation (p < 0.001). Usability evaluation indicated positive user experience (overall mean = 3.84/5, Cronbach's α = 0.706). Conclusion: This study presents fully operational mobile AI application that enables rapid, accurate, and user-friendly classification of HV severity directly from smartphone photographs. By combining machine learning with an accessible mobile platform, it can support point-of-care screening, patient self-monitoring, and community-based care where radiographic evaluation is impractical.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and validate a machine learning-based prediction model for early hospital readmission (EHR) post-kidney transplantation. Methods: The study was conducted at the organ transplantation center of a university hospital, utilizing data from 470 kidney transplant recipients. We built and trained four machine learning models and tested them to identify the strongest EHR predictors. Predictive performance was evaluated using confusion matrices and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC AUC). Results: Among the 470 kidney transplant recipients with a mean age of 46.1±15.30 years, 322 (68.5%) were males, and 74 (15.7%) were readmitted within 30 days after kidney transplantation. In total, 241 (51.2%) recipients were found to have experienced EHR after applying the random over-sampling examples method. The random forest model achieved the best performance, with an ROC AUC of .87 (validation set) and .82 (test set). The 15 most important features were steroid pulse therapy (recipient), cerebrovascular accident (recipient), heart failure (recipient), male sex (donor), cardiovascular disease (recipient), weekend discharge (recipient), peritoneal dialysis (recipient) cerebrovascular accident as the cause of brain death (donor), current smoker (recipient), cardiac arrest (donor), previous kidney transplantation (recipient), age (donor), hypertension (donor), male sex (recipient), and dialysis duration (recipient). Conclusion: Our framework demonstrated strong predictive interpretability. It can support appropriate and effective clinical decision-making by assisting transplant professionals in stratifying recipients based on their risk of EHR. prioritizing post-discharge care and follow-up for high-risk individuals, and allocating targeted interventions such as closer monitoring or education.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a machine learning model to predict exclusive breastfeeding during the first 3 months after birth and to explore factors affecting breastfeeding outcomes. Methods: Data from 2,579 participants in the Korean Early Childhood Education & Care Panel between March 1 and June 3, 2025 were analyzed using Python version 3.12.8 and Colab. The dataset was split into training and testing sets at an 80:20 ratio, and five classifiers (random forest, logistic regression, decision tree, AdaBoost, and XGBoost) were trained and evaluated using multiple performance metrics and feature importance analysis. Results: The confusion matrix of the random forest classifier model demonstrated strong performance, with a precision of 86.6%, accuracy of 84.8%, recall of 96.8%, F1-score of 91.9%, and an area under the curve of 86.0%. Twenty-one features were analyzed, from which feeding plan, breastfeeding at 1 month, marriage period, maternal prenatal weight, self-respect, alcohol consumption, grit, value placed on children, maternal age, and depression emerged as important predictors of exclusive breastfeeding in the first 3 months. Discussion: A robust model was developed to predict exclusive breastfeeding that identified feeding planning and breastfeeding at 1 month as the most influential predictors. The model could be implemented in clinical and community settings to guide tailored breastfeeding support strategies, coupled with the integration of maternal self-respect, grit, and the value placed on children in counseling programs to promote exclusive breastfeeding.

Background: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a prevalent condition that thereby reducing quality of life (QOL) in adult women. Therefore, it is important to assess the impact of UI on daily functioning, social participation, and sexual health. The Incontinence Quality of Life (I-QOL) and the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ) are the most widely used assessment tools. The I-QOL focuses on emotional impacts, whereas the IIQ targets activity-related limitations. Using both instruments could provide a more comprehensive assessment; however, this approach increases administration time and introduces redundancy. Objects: This study aimed to develop a concise questionnaire to assess the QOL in patients with UI by merging the Korean version I-QOL and IIQ through Rasch analysis. Methods: A total of 250 women aged 40-69 who had experienced UI were recruited. The combined responses from the 52 items of a questionnaire integrating I-QOL and IIQ were analyzed using Rasch analysis to evaluate item difficulty and separation reliability. Misfit items were excluded and the remaining items were converted into logit values to determine the order of item difficulty. The separation reliability was evaluated using person and item separation indices. Results: By analyzing item difficulty, redundant items with overlapping levels were excluded while retaining the most significant ones, resulting in a final selection of 10 items. Upon reanalysis of these 10 items, the person separation index decreased from 4.96 to 2.47, and the person reliability index decreased from 0.96 to 0.86. However, the item separation index remained high at 7.29 and 7.59, and item reliability index remained at 0.98. Conclusion: The brief questionnaire maintained high reliability and demonstrated the potential for streamlined clinical assessment. The brief instrument offers a reliable and efficient tool for clinical assessment, enhancing the feasibility of evaluating the severity, type, and impact of UI on patients' QOL.

Recognizing the strategic importance of domain-specific high-performance computing (HPC), Korea designated six specialized national centers in 2023, with plans to expand this number to ten by 2030. To ensure effective operation and governance, a capability assessment providing a current and comparable view of these centers is essential. This study proposes a policy-linked framework for assessing the capabilities of Korea's national HPC centers. The assessment model is organized into six categories: Foundation, Input, Process, Output, Outcome, and Policy Alignment, with a set of representative indicators specified for each category. These indicators were developed through an inductive analysis of relevant literature to identify key measures, along with a deductive integration of attributes specific to centers with statutory policy mandates. Each indicator is normalized against field-specific targets, and category-level and within-category weights are determined using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to produce a single composite capability score for each center.