Earticle

과거에서부터 오늘날까지 인간은 자신을 닮은 형상인 인형을 시각적 동일시하여 표현해 왔다. 본 연구에서는 어릴 적부터 친근하게 접한 인형 가운데 미의 대표적 기준이 되는 바비인형을 통해 소비자가 시각적 동일시되는 표현에 관해서 연구했다. 연구 방법은 바비인형의 변천과정과 표정을 분석하여 시대별 시각적 표현을 알아보고 바비인형의 형태를 분석하여 외모지상주의 문제점과 미의 가치관을 재해석하고, 시각적 동일시에 관한 표현적 요소를 정립하였다. 연구 결과, 바비인형을 통해서 시대별로 여성의 다양한 직업의 변천을 알 수 있었다. 표정 분석에서는 초기 바비인형의 시선은 옆을 보고 입술을 다문 무표정 이였고, 1970년대 후반부터 현재까지는 시선은 정면을 바라보고 치아를 보이며 밝게 웃는 모습과 미소 짓는 등, 시대를 거치면서 자기주장과 의지가 점차 강해지는 여성상을 반영한 것으로 나타났다. 형태분석에서는 초기의 비현실적인 체형에서 최근에는 사람의 신체와 유사한 굴곡이 있는 체형(Curvy), 작은 체형(Petite), 키가 큰 체형(Tall)의 새로운 3가지 체형, 7가지 피부색, 22가지 눈동자색, 24가지 헤어스타일로 세분화된 것은 바비인형을 통해 소비자가 요구하는 방향으로 시각적 표현이 이루어져 시대적 동일시의 사회적 현상이라고 볼 수 있다. 본 연구는 현상학적 분석으로 제한된 점이 있지만, 향후 이러한 이론을 기반으로 시각적 동일시에 관한 표현요소가 시각체계에 어떠한 영향을 미쳤는지에 관한 연구 등으로 진행되기를 기대해본다.

From the past to the present, humans have represented dolls with shapes similar to them based on visual identification. This study researched the representation visually identified by consumers, through Barbie dolls becoming the representative aesthetic standard among dolls that have been familiarly contacted since young. Regarding the research methods, the transitional process and facial expressions of Barbie dolls were analyzed while also understanding the visual representation in each period. Understanding problems of appearance-oriented views and reinterpreting the aesthetic value by analyzing the form of Barbie dolls, the representational elements of visual identification were established. In the results of this study, Barbie dolls showed changes in diverse jobs for women in each period. In the analysis of facial expressions, the early Barbie dolls’ eyes were looking at the side with closed lips and a blank look. From the latter 1970s to the present, their eyes are toward the front with bright smile, reflecting a strong image of woman with self-assertiveness and strong will. In the analysis of their shapes, getting out of the unrealistic body shape in the early stage, recently, there are three new body types such as curvy body type with curves similar to human body, petite type, and tall type, seven different skin colors, and 22 eye colors, and 24 hair styles, which could be a social phenomenon of the identification of times as their visual representation meets consumers’ demands. Even though this study is limited to a phenomenological analysis, based on the theory of this study, it is expected to have future researches on the influence of representational elements of visual identification on the visual system.

This paper proposes a zero-watermark scheme for identification photos based on QR code and visual cryptography. The method makes no changes to original images while embedding the QR code watermark. In order to ensure the security, we use Arnold transformation to scrambling the watermark. In the scheme, we use discrete wavelet transform and matrix norm computing to generate the invariant feature values against print-scan attacks. Then the VC scheme is applied to generate the secret image from the feature values and the disturbed watermark by using a codebook. In the extraction scheme, we get the secret image which is registered to certification authority and the feature values extracted from the examined image with VC scheme, and then apply inverse Arnold transformation to restore the watermark, finally repair position patterns of the QR code. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is effective and robust against attacks such as JPEG compression, add noise, multiple filters, scale, little angle rotation and crop, especial print-scan attacks.

향정신성 약물인 methamphetamine (Meth)은 인터넷 등을 통한 구매가 용이하여 불법유통 및 마약사범의 증가 등 심각한 사회문제를 야기하고 있다. 그러므로 현장에서는 물론, 마약분석실험실에서의 신속하고 용이한 확인과 경제적인 반정량분석의 필요성이 요구되어 왔다. 이를 위한 예비실험으로 암페타민과 구조적으로 유사한 3종의 유기 화합물(phenethylamines (PEs); phenethylamine (PE), Nmethylphenethylamine(NM) 및 DL-alpha-methylbenzylamine (DL))을 silica gel TLC상에서 발색특성을 나타내는 유도체화 시약 dabsyl chloride (DAB-Cl, D)과 반응시켰다. TLC 상에서 PEs와 유도체화 시약의 직접반응(in situ, co-spot)으로부터 생성된 유도체를 육안만으로 간편하고 신속하게 확인하여 검출한계(LOD)를 결정한 후, TLC의 이미지지 분석을 통하여 생성 유도체에 대한 재현성을 평가하고, 추가적으로 반 정량분석을 위한 상관관계를 평가하였다. 유도체화 시약(D)은 TLC상에서 PEs와 반응하여 가시광선 작용기를 함유한 유도체를 생성하였으며, PEs와의 반응성의 차이가 관찰되었다. PEs의 검출한계(limit of detection, 2 μL/spot, mg/mL) 농도는 반응 spot들을 유리판으로 덮은 상태에서 70 oC로 10분간 가열시 0.001 ~ 0.0025 mg/mL의 낮은 농도구간으로 FMOC-Cl사용 결과와 유사하였다. 그러나 상온에서 공기 중에 노출하여 10분간 반응시켰을 경우에 농도는 0.01 ~ 0.05 mg/mL로 높은 검출 한계농도를 나타났다. 반응의 재현성(RSD, 평균치, %)은 시료 PEs 0.5 mg/mL의 농도에서 0.5~3.3%로 양호하였으나 저농도 0.05mg/mL에서는 0.9 ~ 8.4%으로 변동이 심하였다. 반응의 직선성(linearity, R2) 평가에서 PEs의 전체 농도구간(1.0 ~ 0.001 mg/mL)에서는 0.85 ~ 0.99 으로 나타났으며, PEs의 제한된 농도구간(0.5 ~ 0.05 mg/mL)에서는 0.98 ~ 0.99로 비교적 양호한 직선형 상관관계를 보였다. 본 방법의 PEs에 대한 반정량적 분석을 위한 방법으로 유효성을 보이기 위해서는 사용시약의 다양한 농도변화, 다른 반응용매 사용에 의한 영향,반응온도의 변화 등에 대한 PEs의 다양한 농도에서의 유도체화 반응의 재현성을 높이기 위한 추가적인 실험이 필요하다.

Methamphetamine (Meth), a psychotropic drug, raises serious social problems due to the increasing number of drug offenders and drug trafficking as it has become easier to buy Meth through the Internet.Therefore, rapid identification and semi-quantitative analysis of Meth are required for the narcotic investigatorsboth in the field and laboratory. As a preliminary test for a fast and easy identification and economical semiquantitative analysis, three structurally similar amphetamine-like amine compounds (phenethylamines, PEs;phenethylamine (PE, 1), N-methylphenethylamine (NM, 2), DL-alpha-methylbenzylamine (DL, 3)) were reacted with dabsyl chloride (DAB-Cl, D), a chromogenic derivatization reagent, on silica gel TLC plate, which can be identified with unaided naked eyes. Derivatives of PEs generated from direct reaction (in situ , co-spot) with dabsyl chloride were identified and used to determine the LODs (limit of detection, 2 μL/spot, mg/mL) of PEs. The TLC images were analyzed with densitometric image analysis programs to determine the repeatability and linearity of derivatization reaction for a potential method of semi-quantitative analysis. The derivatizing reagent DAB-Cl (D), generated compounds containing strongly visible dabsyl-group on the TLC plate after reacting with PEs. However, a different reactivity of PEs with the D was observed. The LODs of PEs were in the low concentration range of 0.001 ~ 0.0025 mg/mL when the reaction spots were covered with cover-glass and heated at 70 oC for 10 min. which are similar to the LOD results using FMOC-Cl, but the higher LOD concentration range of 0.01 ~ 0.05 mg/mL was found when the reaction spots were exposed to air at room temperature. The RSD value (average, %) to test the repeatability of the derivatization reaction for PEs (0.5 mg/mL) was in the range of 0.5 ~ 3.3%. But a high RSD value range of 0.9 ~ 8.4% was shown at the low concentration (0.05 mg/mL) of PEs. In the test of the linearity (R2) of the derivatization reactionat total concentration range (0.001 ~ 1.0 mg/mL) of PEs, the R2 values were in the range of 0.85 ~ 0.99 but a relatively good linear correlation was shown to be in the range of 0.98 ~ 0.99 between the areas of spots of generated derivatives and concentration of PEs (0.5 ~ 0.05 mg/mL). To demonstrate the validity of the current method to be used for a semi-quantitative analysis of PEs by showing the high repeatability of a derivatization reaction at various concentration of PEs and co-relationship, additional analytical test results are necessary such as the diverse changes of the concentration of derivatization reagents, the use of other reaction solvent, changesof reaction temperature, etc.

Species identification is a fundamental and routine process in plant systematics, and linguistic-based dichotomous keys are widely used in the identification process. Recently, novel tools for species identification have been developed to improve the accuracy, ease to use, and accessibility related to these tasks for a broad range of users given the advances in information and communications technology. A visual identification key is such an approach, in which couplets consist of images of plants or a part of a plant instead of botanical terminology. We developed a visual identification key for 101 taxa of Orchidaceae in Korea and evaluated its performance. It uses short statements for image couplets to avoid misinterpretations by users. The key at the initial steps (couplets) uses relatively easy characters that can be determined with the naked eye. The final steps of the visual key provide images of species and information about distributions and flowering times to determine the species that best fit the available information. The number of steps required to identify a species varies, ranging from three to ten with an average of 4.5. A performance test with senior college students showed that species were accurately identified using the visual key at a rate significantly higher than when using a linguistic-based dichotomous key and a color manual. The findings presented here suggest that the proposed visual identification key is a useful tool for the teaching of biodiversity at schools, for the monitoring of ecosystems by citizens, and in other areas that require rapid, easy, and accurate identifications of species.

Background: Ecological research often requires monitoring of a specific individual over an extended period of time. To enable non-invasive re-identification, consistent external marking is required. Treefrogs possess lateral lines for crypticity. While these patterns decrease predator detection, they also are individual specific patterns. In this study, we tested the use of lateral lines in captive and wild populations of Dryophytes japonicus as natural markers for individual identification. For the purpose of the study, the results of visual and software assisted identifications were compared. Results: In normalized laboratory conditions, a visual individual identification method resulted in a 0.00 rate of false-negative identification (RFNI) and a 0.0068 rate of false-positive identification (RFPI), whereas Wild-ID resulted in RFNI = 0.25 and RFNI = 0.00. In the wild, female and male data sets were tested. For both data sets, visual identification resulted in RFNI and RFPI of 0.00, whereas the RFNI was 1.0 and RFPI was 0.00 with Wild-ID. Wild-ID did not perform as well as visual identification methods and had low scores for matching photographs. The matching scores were significantly correlated with the continuity of the type of camera used in the field. Conclusions: We provide clear methodological guidelines for photographic identification of D. japonicus using their lateral lines. We also recommend the use of Wild-ID as a supplemental tool rather the principal identification method when analyzing large datasets.

Objective Visual search is an important attention process that precedes the information processing. Visual search also mediates the relationship between cognition function (attention) and social cognition (such as facial expression identification). However, the association between visual attention and social cognition in patients with schizophrenia remains unknown. The purposes of this study were to examine the differences in visual search performance and facial expression identification between patients with schizophrenia and normal controls, and to explore the relationship between visual search performance and facial expression identification in patients with schizophrenia. Methods Fourteen patients with schizophrenia (mean age=46.36±6.74) and 15 normal controls (mean age=40.87±9.33) participated this study. The visual search task, including feature search and conjunction search, and Japanese and Caucasian Facial Expression of Emotion were administered. Results Patients with schizophrenia had worse visual search performance both in feature search and conjunction search than normal controls, as well as had worse facial expression identification, especially in surprised and sadness. In addition, there were negative associations between visual search performance and facial expression identification in patients with schizophrenia, especially in surprised and sadness. However, this phenomenon was not showed in normal controls. Conclusion Patients with schizophrenia who had visual search deficits had the impairment on facial expression identification. Increasing ability of visual search and facial expression identification may improve their social function and interpersonal relationship.

Identity recognition in real environment with a reliable mode is a key issue in human computer interaction (HCI). In this paper, we present a robust person identification system considering score-based optimal reliability measure of audio-visual modalities. We propose an extension of the modified reliability function by introducing optimizing parameters for both of audio and visual modalities. For degradation of visual signals, we have applied JPEG compression to test images. In addition, for creating mismatch in between enrollment and test session, acoustic Babble noises and artificial illumination have been added to test audio and visual signals, respectively. Local PCA has been used on both modalities to reduce the dimension of feature vector. We have applied a swarm intelligence algorithm, i.e., particle swarm optimization for optimizing the modified convection function's optimizing parameters. The overall person identification experiments are performed using VidTimit DB. Experimental results show that our proposed optimal reliability measures have effectively enhanced the identification accuracy of 7.73% and 8.18% at different illumination direction to visual signal and consequent Babble noises to audio signal, respectively, in comparison with the best classifier system in the fusion system and maintained the modality reliability statistics in terms of its performance; it thus verified the consistency of the proposed extension.

Objective: The present study was intended to identify (1) the intra- and inter-rater reliabilities of a visual sensibility evaluation protocol and (2) the effects of NaCOC color and scouring method on the visual sensibility of NaCOC. Thirty female participants(20s & 30s) were participated in the visual sensibility evaluation of NaCOC. Background: Interests in naturally colored organic cotton(NaCOC) increase rapidly in parallel with the social trend of eco-friendly living and wellbeing. Method: Three color sets (ivory, green, and coyote-brown) of NaCOC specimens including one untreated and four treated specimens($Na_2CO_3$; NaOH; enzyme; boiling water) were examined in the study. The visual sensibility evaluation was conducted by the test-retest method using nine pairs of bipolar visual sensibility adjectives(bright-dark; clear-murky; heavy-light; vivid-subdued; warm-cool; fresh-stale; strong-weak; showy-plain; and luxurious-cheap). Results: As a result of reliability of a visual sensibility evaluation protocol, inter-rater variability(average SD=1.06) of visual sensibility evaluation was more than 1.4 times the intra-rater variability(average SD=0.74). However, both the sensibility evaluation reliabilities did not show any systematic pattern of changes. Lastly, ANOVA and post-hoc analysis showed that preferred scouring methods for a visual sensibility adjective pair significantly vary depending on NaCOC color. Application: Both the reliability of visual sensibility evaluation protocol and the analysis of proper scoring method of NaCOC in the study would be useful information to design the affective textile.

동영상에서 물체를 추적하기 위한 많은 방법들은 각 방법마다 다양한 요소들을 이용한다. 하지만 다양한 요소들은 그 관계를 명확히 나타낼 수 없다. 본 논문에서는 동영상에서 물체 추적을 위해 시각적 기본 요소의 동일성을 나타내고 설명하기 위한 방법을 제안한다. 시각적 기본 요소란 이미지에서 얻을 수 있는 순수한 시각적 기본 요소들인 색상, 명암, 윤곽선 정보를 말하며 이 정보를 이용하여 연속된 프레임을 비교해 동일한 물체인지를 판단한다. 그리하여 판단된 정보를 가지고 추적에 사용되는 요소들의 지속적인 갱신을 통해 대상을 모델 없이 추적하고 인식 과정에 대하여 제어가 가능하도록 한다.

본 연구는 기업 시각적 아이덴티티를 중심으로 기업평판과의 관계를 알아보는 데 있다. 그리고 이들 두 개념과의 관계를 동일시를 매개변인으로 하여 구조적인 관계를 분석하였다.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relations between corporate visual identity, identification, and corporate reputation. After extracting the type of corporate visual identity through literature review, the author analyzed advertisement, logo/symbol, Website and slogan of mobile telecom company. And it is measured by the consumers about the degree of identification and reputation. Experimental analysis was used to answer the research questions. The results of KTF indicated that Website, logo/symbol affected identification. Website and slogan were positively significant in the relations between corporate visual identity and corporate reputation. And the relations between identification and corporate reputation were statistically significant. The results of LGT indicated that only slogan affected identification positively. Website, logo/symbol and slogan except advertisement were positively significant in the relations between corporate visual identity and corporate reputation. And the relations between identification and corporate reputation were also statistically significant. Lastly, the results of SKT indicated that Website, logo/symbol affected identification significantly and advertisement, Website, logo/symbol were positively significant in the relations between corporate visual identity and corporate reputation. And the relations between identification and corporate reputation were also statistically significant.

본 연구는 영상텍스트의 텍스트적 특성을 가장 함축적으로 살펴볼 수 있는 영화텍스트에 대한 수용자분석을 통해, 영상텍스트가 생산하는 다양한 의미구조가 수용자들에게 어떻게 수용되고 있는가를 밝혀보고, 이를 토대로 영상텍스트와 관련된 사회적 패러다임에 대한 문제제기를 해 보고자 하였다. 이러한 연구목적 달성을 위해 영화 <친구>에 대한 수용자분석을 실시하였는데, 사용된 방법론은 통각시험과 심층인터뷰이다. 통각시험을 통한 동일시과정에 대한 분석결과 등장인물의 행위에 대한 평가는 텍스트에서 제시된 관점에 부합하는 감성적 평가결과가 도출되었다. 반면 심층인터뷰를 통한 이성적 의미해독결과에 대한 분석에서는 폭력과 여성비하적인 사회적 인식을 반영한 부정적인 평가가 이루어졌다. 종합적인 평가에 있어서는 이성적 의미해독 결과보다는 동일시과정에 기초한 감성적 평가가 우세하게 작용하고 있음이 밝혀졌다. 이 결과를 토대로 보면 영상텍스트에 대한 수용과정에서 중요하게 평가해야 할 것은 텍스트에 대한 이성적 해독보다는 동일시 구조에서 발생되는 감성적 즐거움이며, 이 즐거움의 성격은 텍스트 의존적일 때 발생된다는 점이다. 그렇기 때문에 영상텍스트와 수용자와의 관계에 대한 논의에서 수용자의 능동성만 부각되는 일반적인 패러다임에 대한 재고찰이 필요하다 하겠다.

The purpose of this study is to investigate how audiences receive the meaning of a visual text. This article attempts to reevaluate the reception process of a visual text by utilizing TAT(Thematic apperception test) and in-depth interviews in order to probe into the audience interpretation of Korean movie 'The Friend'. The result is as follows ; First, the majority of audience who views 'The Friend' identified itself with main characters and created particular forms of subjectivity. Such subjectivity is generated through the absorption of the film by being identified the characters and other crucial textual devices. Second, the initial audience interpretation of the film demonstrated a normative understanding which criticizes violence and sexual discrimination represented in the film. Nonetheless, this interpretation is not a defining factor in evaluating the film. The audience evaluation of the text was significantly influenced by pleasure and amusement they formed from watching the text. In conclusion, in audience evaluation, subjective emotion was more important than rational meaning from a visual text. Hence this research suggests that reception process of visual text need to be reevaluate.

In this paper we proposed a modified reliability function for improving bimodal speaker identification(BSI) performance. The convectional reliability function, used by N. Fox[1], is extended by introducing an optimization factor. We evaluated the proposed method in BSI domain. A BSI system was implemented based on GMM and it was tested using VidTIMIT database. Through speaker identification experiments we verified the usefulness of our proposed method. The experiments showed the improved performance, i.e., the reduction of error rate by 39%.

본 연구는 청소년들이 영상매체 속에 등장하는 노인과 동성애자에 대해 주관적으로 지각된 이미지가 이들에 대한 사회적 거리감에 미치는 영향과 영상매체 인물 동일시와 사회적 자아개념의 매개효과에 대해서 알아보고자 했다. 본 연구의 표집은 경기도 소재 중·고등학생과 강원도 소재 대학교 신입생을 대상으로 하였고, 총 1,004명에 대한 설문자료를 분석했다. 본 연구를 위해 노인과 동성애자들에 대해 지각된 영상 매체의 이미지를 측정하였고, 영상매체 인물 동일시는 최우신(1999)과 이종우(2006)의 연구에서 사용한 검사를, 사회적자아개념 검사는 정원식(1994)과 최강준(2003)과 권용숙(2005)이 사용한 검사를, 사회적 거리감은 김상학(2002)이 사용한 검사도구를 사용했다. 본 연구를 위해 요인분석과 구조방정식을 사용하여 가설을 검증하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 청소년이 노인에 대한 영상매체 이미지를 부정적으로 지각할수록 영상매체 인물의 동일시를 매개변인으로 하여 노인에 대한 사회적 거리감이 증가했다. 다만, 사회적 자아개념은 매개효과가 없었다. 둘째, 청소년들은 동성애자에 대한 영상매체 이미지를 부정적으로 지각할수록 동성애자에 대한 사회적 거리감이 증가하였고, 영상매체 인물 동일시나 사회적 자아개념에 대해서는 매개변인으로서 의미가 없었다. 또한 영상매체 인물 동일시가 증가할수록, 사회적 자아개념이 증가할수록 동성애자에 대한 사회적 거리감이 감소했다. 그러나 영상매체 인물 동일시는 사회적 자아개념에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 따라서 영상매체에서 노인과 동성애자들에 대한 왜곡되지 않은 이미지의 수용은 이들에 대한 사회적 거리감을 감소시키는데 영향을 미칠 것으로 보인다.

In this paper, the older people, the North Korean defectors, the foreign workers, and the homosexuals are identified as minority groups, and the attitude of students towards them is analyzed. Based on survey data including 1,024 cases, social distance towards the groups are compared and the relationships between each variables of students, perceived image and identification with characters of visual media, social self-concept and their attitude towards each group are examined. The results are as follows. First, high social distance of students towards the older people was associated with degree of identification with characters of visual media and negatively perceived image of visual media towards older people. Second, high social distance of students towards the homosexuals was associated with degree of negatively perceived image of visual media towards homosexuals. And also, high degree of identification with characters of visual media influenced to low social distance of students towards the homosexuals. However, there are no association between identification with characters of visual media and social self-concept.

목적: 소수시력 단계별 시표 식별 최소조도와 대비도와 조도에 따른 개인별 시표 식별능력 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 소수시력 단계별 10단계의 대비도로 구분되는 검사거리 3 m용 란돌트시표를 제작하였다. 69안을 대상으로 대비도 100% 시표를 사용하여 시력 단계별 식별 최소조도를 측정하였다. 시력단계별 식별 최소조도와 230 lx 상태에서 각각 식별할 수 있는 최저 시표 대비도를 측정하였다. 결과: 소수시력 단계별로 대비도 100% 시표를 식별하는 최소조도는 시표크기가 작아질수록 더 높게 측정되었다. 시력 1.0을 식별하는 평균 조도는 $74.39{\pm}25.90$ lx, 69안의 측정 범위는 17~107 lx 였다. 최소조도 상태와 230 lx 상태에서 식별가능한 최저 시표 대비도를 측정한 결과, 두 조건 모두에서 시표의 크기가 작아질수록 최저 대비도는 높아졌으며, 69안 간의 식별 최저 시표 대비도 차이도 증가되었다. 결론: 굴절교정을 위한 검사에서 조명조건이나 대비도에 따른 개인별 시표 식별능력 차이를 고려해 볼 필요가 있다.

Purpose: To determine the minimal illumination for visual acuity with the decimal vision chart and individual difference with varying contrast and illumination. Methods: Landolt's vision chart with 10 different grade of contrast was made. Minimal illumination was measured for 69 eyes using 100% contrast vision chart. Minimal contrast for identifying the chart was measured in conditions of the minimal illumination and 230 lx, respectively. Results: Minimal illumination was gradually increased with decrease of the chart size. Mean of minimal illumination to identify the 1.0 visual acuity was $74.39{\pm}25.90$ lx with range of 17~107 lx. In conditions of the minimal illumination and 230 lx, the minimal contrast for identifying the chart were gradually increased with decrease of the chart size in both conditions, the those deviation for 69 eyes was also increased. Conclusions: For refractive correction, examiners need to consider the individual difference for identifying the visual chart according to illumination and contrast.

월성 1호기 원전의 경우에, 사용후 핵연료 저장조 공간을 확보하기 위해서 약 7년 동안 저장조에서 냉각된 사용 후 핵연료를 건식저장고로 매년 이송하고 있다. 년간 2개월이 소요되는 핵연료 이송은 국제원자력기구와 국가의 핵물질 계량 관리검사를 위한 많은 인력과 비용을 필요로 하는 공정이다. 사용후 핵연료 일련번호 확인은 고방사선장인 약 6m 깊이의 저장조속에서 진행되어야 하므로 검사 장비의 유지와 운영이 어렵다. 이 조건에서 CANDU형 사용후 핵연료 다발 일련번호를 확인할 수 있는 장치를 설계 제작하여, 국가 안전 조치 검사현장에 적용하였다. 본 육안검사 장치는 간단한 조작에 의해 수조속의 사용후 핵연료 다발 일련번호를 한정된 검증 시간내에 정확히 읽을 수 있었고, 간편하게 운영될 수 있었다. 안전 조치 검사관은 본 장치를 이용하여 검증 활동을 효과적으로 수행할 수 있는 검사 장비인 것으로 평가되었다. 본 육안검사 장치는 일련번호 확인의 정확성과 재현성 그리고 운영상의 편리성 둥에서 기존 장치에 비해 좋은 결과를 보여주었다.

SCAI(spent CANDU fuel bundle serial number identifier) was developed to read serial numbers of spent fuel bundles in the spent fuel storage. For the purpose of effectively identifying the serial number of fuel bundle. SCAI was composed of underwater camera & light part. guiding & supporting part and control & monitor part. So it is easy to assemble and disassemble, and operate. It was tested to read serial numbers of spent fuel bundles loaded in basket during the recent spent fuel transfer campaign at Wolsong Unit 1. And it was also applied to read serial numbers of spent fuel bundles discharging from the initial core at Wolsong Unit 3 by slight change of camera and light. Inspectors could easily operate SCAI after several practices in the storage pond, which was a user friendly. And SCAI provided clear and immediate picture for identification of serial numbers of spent fuel bundles. It was interally evaluated that SCAI greatly contributed to cut inspection efforts for national and international safeguards at Wolsong power plant.

이 연구는 한국과 영국의 시각장애아 발견의뢰, 진단평가, 교육지원 체계에 대한 비교를 통해 우리나라 실정에 적합한 발전방향을 모색하는데 있다. 이를 위해 양국의 관련문헌 고찰과 지역사례 분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 우리나라는 첫째, 시각장애 법적 등록기준을 상향·조정하고, 교육적 정의에 맞게 구체적인 시각장애 교육대상아 선정 기준과 방법을 마련해야 한다. 둘째, 시각장애아에 대한 조기 발견 및 의뢰를 위해 현행 지역단위의 장애등록 체계에 지역교육청이 연계되도록 하고, 특수교육지원센터에도 시각장애 순회교사 배치에 의한 시각장애아 발견의뢰 체계를 구축·보완해 나갈 필요가 있다. 셋째, 기존의 임상 시각 측정에 의한 행정 지향적 진단평가로부터 교육적 요구를 확인하고 지원하는 프로그램 지향적 진단평가로 발전되어야 하며, 이를 위해 기능시력, 독립생활 및 보행 기술 등의 확대교육과정 영역에 대한 세부적인 진단평가 도구와 방법을 개발해야 한다. 마지막으로 시각장애아의 장애 정도와 교육 요구에 따라 실효성 있는 교육적 지원이 제공될 수 있도록 세분화된 교육지원 기준을 마련할 필요가 있다고 여겨진다.

This paper aims at developing a system for identification, referra, diagnosis, and educational support of children with visual impairment in Korea, by reviewing to the British visual impairment service system. So it attempted a literature investigation and case study. The results were as follows: First, it need to make registration criteria of visual impairment higher and provide a specific method for determining Ⅵ children that fit educational definition. Second, for the early identification and referral of Ⅵ children, the local education authorities have to be connected in the present system for disability registration and develop a supplementary system for the identification and referral by placing aⅥ peripatetic teacher in local special education support centers. Third, for educational support suitable to Ⅵ children' needs, it is necessary to develop assessment instruments and method for practicing the comprehensive assessment of function related to school life and consider that educational support be graded several levels according to visual impairment and educational needs.