Earticle

초록

영어

This paper proposes a zero-watermark scheme for identification photos based on QR code and visual cryptography. The method makes no changes to original images while embedding the QR code watermark. In order to ensure the security, we use Arnold transformation to scrambling the watermark. In the scheme, we use discrete wavelet transform and matrix norm computing to generate the invariant feature values against print-scan attacks. Then the VC scheme is applied to generate the secret image from the feature values and the disturbed watermark by using a codebook. In the extraction scheme, we get the secret image which is registered to certification authority and the feature values extracted from the examined image with VC scheme, and then apply inverse Arnold transformation to restore the watermark, finally repair position patterns of the QR code. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is effective and robust against attacks such as JPEG compression, add noise, multiple filters, scale, little angle rotation and crop, especial print-scan attacks.

목차

Abstract
 1. Introduction
 2. Background
  2.1 Arnold Transformation
  2.2 Matrix Norm
  2.3 QR code
  2.4 Visual Cryptography
 3. Proposed Zero Watermarking Scheme
  3.1 Watermark Embedding Process
  3.2 Watermark Extraction Process
 4. Experiment Results and Analysis
  4.1 Common attacks
  4.2. Print-Scan Attacks
 Reference

키워드

저자

• De Li [ Department of Computer Science, Yanbian University 133002, Yanji, China ]
• Zhe Liu [ Department of Computer Science, Yanbian University 133002, Yanji, China ]
• LiHua Cui [ College of Economics and Management, Yanbian University 133002, Yanji, China ] Corresponding Author

참고문헌

발행기관

간행물

표지보기 관심저널 등록

• 간행물명

  International Journal of Security and Its Applications

• 간기

  격월간

• pISSN

  1738-9976

• 수록기간

  2008~2016

• 등재여부

  SCOPUS

• 십진분류

  KDC 505 DDC 605