Earticle

The objective of this study was to investigate the possible effects of oral administration of single cell products (SCP) of apple on activating peritoneal macrophages. Apples were processed either for cold-pressed juice or SCP, which were produced by incubating sliced apples with a protopectinase, Sumyzyme MC. Both cold-pressed juice and SCP of apple were administered to C57BL/6 mice for 10 days to compare their efficacy, along with the control group, in stimulating peritoneal macrophages. The viability of macrophages was significantly increased by up to 161% of that of the control following the administration of apple SCP, whereas the viability of macrophages was increased to a lesser extent of up to 143% in the apple juice (AJ) administered group. Administration of apple SCP also induced a significantly higher production of H2O2 from macrophages (317% of the control) than that of cold-pressed AJ (210%). Although nitric oxide (NO) production was not increased by the administration of either AJ or SCP, the latter slightly but significantly increased tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) production from macrophages from 560.4 to 579.8 pg/mL. The results of this study suggest that administering SCP is more efficient than administering AJ to stimulate functions of peritoneal macrophages.

본 연구는 음악의 기능이 인간과 환경, 사회 속에서 어떻게 적용되고 있는가를 논리적으로 체계화하여 음악의 다양적 기능을 이해하는데 의미를 두고 인간 정서 함양, 생산성 증대, 교육의 효과, 음악 심리학의 학문적 기반 구축 자료를 제시함에 목적을 두었다.따라서 음악의 강한 에너지적 요소와 자극과 진정에 대한 연구는 각기 다른 반응을 보이고 있다. 그리고 주의집중, 메시지 강화, 분위기 유도, 단순한 여흥, 상품 제작, 서비스 등은 인간 문화 속에 내재된 음악의 관련성으로부터 발생한다.음악치료의 기능은 음악감상, 마취, 진정, 참여와 치료, 상담, 자극, 바이오 피드백 음악과 그룹활동 등으로 설명될 수 있다.

Music has various functions such as refining human emotion and enhancing the quality of life. The theoretical system of applying these functions provides data necessary not only for utilizing music but also for understanding and building the scientific basis of music.1. What prompt to stimulate is the powerful energy factors of music, and its primary factor is the rhythm which has the quality of speed. The music of stimulus and tranquility has been a part of religious and military ceremony through different reaction and history.2. Commercial music promotes business and profitablility, and background music is being applied irregularly to individuals or public places. A 'no work' business entity seems to be the most successful producer of background music.3. The concept of stimulating progress of 'no work' increases the stimulating value as a result of speed changes, rhythm classification, and the number of instruments. And music originates from the relativity which is inherent in human culture.4. Music is provided as narration in order to be reminded of with realistic or imagined events. The basic tool of music treatment has the value of stimulating, tranquilizing, and inducing socialization.5. The treatment program of music unites with musical performance, psychological treatment, movement, and other expressional arts. Music's exogenous effect of learning is not clear and a subject of study, and can be compensated as a reward when the exogenous task is completed.