Earticle

본 연구는 기업의 특성이 개방형 혁신을 통해 성과를 창출하는 관계를 실증적으로 규명하는 것이다. 기업이 처한 다양한 상황을 극복하기 위한 전략적 수단으로 개방형 혁신을 수용하고 이를 기업의 성과를 창출하는 과정으로 이해하고자 하였다. 기업이 처한 다양한 상황에서는 환경적 요인과 내부적 요인의 극복을 거쳐야 한다. 환경적 요인으로 는 시장의 역동성과 기술의 역동성은 개방형 혁신을 수용하게 하고 이는 결국 성과를 창출하는 전략적 도구가 되기도 한다. 또한, 기업의 내부의 환경으로는 기업의 특성을 고려하여 조직의 역량을 강화해야 한다. 기업 내부적인 특성인 기업가적 지향성, 조직문화 개방성, 권한위임 및 R&D 역량을 강화하기 위하여 개방형 혁신을 통해 기업의 성과에 긍정 적인 영향을 미친다. 이렇게 기업에게 주어진 환경을 극복하는데 개방형 혁신은 결국 기업에게 다양한 성과를 창출하는 중요한 매개가 되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 위해 국내 기업 176개를 대상으로 구조화된 설문을 통해 실시하 였다. 본 연구는 기업이 처한 환경을 극복하고 성과를 창출하기 위해서는 개방형 혁신을 전략적으로 수용하고 이를 경영 전략적 차원의 철학으로 이해함을 시사하고 있다.

This study empirically examines the relationship between the characteristics of a company and its performance through open innovation. It was intended to accept open innovation as a strategic means to overcome various situations in which companies faced and to understand it as a process of generating corporate performance. In various situations, companies must overcome environmental and internal factors. As an environmental factor, the dynamics of the market and the dynamics of technology allow for the adoption of open innovation, which in turn becomes a strategic tool for generating results. In addition, the internal environment of the company should strengthen the organization's capacity considering the characteristics of the company. In order to reinforce entrepreneurial orientation, openness of organizational culture, delegation and R & D capabilities, which are internal characteristics of the company, open innovation has a positive effect on the performance of the company. In overcoming the environment given to the company, open innovation was found to be an important medium for generating various results for the company. For this study, we conducted a structured questionnaire survey on 176 Korean companies. This study suggests that open innovation is strategically accepted and understood as a management strategic philosophy in order to overcome the environment in which a company is faced and generate results.

This study investigates the intricate relationship between technological integration and its consequences for employees, focusing on the evolving impacts of advanced technologies on organizational operations and workforce dynamics from 1983 to 2022. Utilizing a sophisticated method combining rigorous text-mining analysis and a systematic literature review, the research analyzes an extensive dataset of 7,000 articles to track the progression of technology-related topics and keywords within the literature. The findings reveal a dual nature of technology's impact on the workforce. On one side, technological advancements are associated with challenges such as increased turnover intentions, anxiety, and health concerns. On the other, there is an emerging shift towards understanding the nuanced differences between technology-mediated interactions and traditional face-to-face engagements. The study underscores the necessity of strategic technology integration that not only enhances productivity but also safeguards employee well-being. Emphasizing the need for a redefined approach to work-life balance, the research sets a foundation for future explorations into the multifaceted effects of technology within organizational contexts, specifically recommending a deeper examination of individual information behaviors and sector-specific technology impacts in response to technological advancements. This refined focus aims to contribute more directly to information science by addressing how these technological integrations influence information behaviors across various organizational layers and over time.

The benefit that a consumer derives from the use of a good often depends on the number of other consumers purchasing the same goods or other compatible items. This property, which is known as network externality, is significant in many IT related industries. Over the past few decades, network externalities have been recognized in the context of physical networks such as the telephone and railroad industries. Today, as many products are provided as a form of system that consists of compatible components, the appreciation of network externality is becoming increasingly important. Network externalities have been extensively studied among economists who have been seeking to explain new phenomena resulting from rapid advancements in ICT (Information and Communication Technology). As a result of these efforts, a new body of theories for ‘New Economy’ has been proposed. The theoretical bottom-line argument of such theories is that technologies subject to network effects exhibit multiple equilibriums and will finally lock into a monopoly with one standard cornering the entire market. They emphasize that such “tippiness” is a typical characteristic in such networked markets, describing that multiple incompatible technologies rarely coexist and that the switch to a single, leading standard occurs suddenly. Moreover, it is argued that this standardization process is path dependent, and the ultimate outcome is unpredictable. With incomplete information about other actors’ preferences, there can be excess inertia, as consumers only moderately favor the change, and hence are themselves insufficiently motivated to start the bandwagon rolling, but would get on it once it did start to roll. This startup problem can prevent the adoption of any standard at all, even if it is preferred by everyone. Conversely, excess momentum is another possible outcome, for example, if a sponsoring firm uses low prices during early periods of diffusion. The aim of this paper is to analyze the dynamics of the adoption process in markets exhibiting network effects by focusing on two factors; switching and agent heterogeneity. Switching is an important factor that should be considered in analyzing the adoption process. An agent’s switching invokes switching by other adopters, which brings about a positive feedback process that can significantly complicate the adoption process. Agent heterogeneity also plays a important role in shaping the early development of the adoption process, which has a significant impact on the later development of the process. The effects of these two factors are analyzed by developing an agent-based simulation model. ABM is a computer-based simulation methodology that can offer many advantages over traditional analytical approaches. The model is designed such that agents have diverse preferences regarding technology and are allowed to switch their previous choice. The simulation results showed that the adoption processes in a market exhibiting networks effects are significantly affected by the distribution of agents and the occurrence of switching. In particular, it is found that both weak heterogeneity and strong network effects cause agents to start to switch early and this plays a role of expediting the emergence of ‘lock-in.’ When network effects are strong, agents are easily affected by changes in early market shares. This causes agents to switch earlier and in turn speeds up the market’s tipping. The same effect is found in the case of highly homogeneous agents. When agents are highly homogeneous, the market starts to tip toward one technology rapidly, and its choice is not always consistent with the populations’ initial inclination. Increased volatility and faster lock-in increase the possibility that the market will reach an unexpected outcome. The primary contribution of this study is the elucidation of the role of parameters characterizing the market in the development of the lock-in process, and identification of conditions where such unexpected outcomes happen.

Inter- and intra-individual usage differences may emerge over time in the process of new information systems and technology (IS/IT) implementation. While acknowledging the importance of team characteristics for spurring innovation at an early-stage of IS/IT diffusion, we do not have concrete evidence of whether the influence of the social context at an earlystage of new IS/IT implementation may allow inter-individual usage heterogeneities last for a longer period of time. We identified the impact of two social contexts on individuals’ usage over time: 1) their team’s usage at the early- stage (first four weeks) of the implementation, and 2) the early-stage usage of the within-team innovator (WI) ̶ the individual with the highest level of early-stage usage in the team. We collected IS usage data of 504 individuals in 43 teams for fourteen weeks. We found that team usage and WI usage at the early-stage of new IS/IT implementation create assimilation gaps in usage across users, which could not be overcome through experiential learning within the study timespan. However, the impacts of the team characteristics tend to decay as the time passes. Individuals with low team usage and low WI usage tend to have a higher experiential learning speed and are less likely to deaccelerate their learning speed over time, which may help narrow the gaps over the time period. This study contributes to understanding of how team characteristics at the early-stage of new IS/IT implementation can influence individuals’ usage over time.

Ventilation efficiency has an important role in agricultural facilities such as greenhouse and livestock house to keep internally optimum environmental condition. Age-of-air concept allows to assess the ventilation efficiency of an agricultural facility according to estimating the ability of fresh air supply and contaminants emission using LMA and LMR. Most of these methods use a tracer gas method which has some limitations in experiment like dealing unstable and invisible gas. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a straightforward method to calculate age-of-air values with CFD simulation which has the advantage of saving computational time and resources and these method can solve the limitations in experiment using tracer gas method. The main idea of LMA computation is to solve the passive scalar transport equation with the assumption that the production of the time scalar throughout the room is uniform. In case of LMR calculation, the transport of the time scalar was reversed compulsively using UDF. The methodology to validate the results of this study was established by comparing with preceding research that had performed a computing LMA and LMR value by laboratory experiments and CFD simulations using tracer gas. As a result, the error was presented similarly level of results of preceding research. Some big errors could be caused by stagnated area and incongruity turbulence model. while the computational time was reduced to almost one fourth of that by preceding research.

본 연구는 과학기술 연구 활동의 지원 방식을 지원금의 차등 배분의 정도에 따라 분류하고, 이러한 지원 방식의 차이가 연구 성과에 미칠 수 있는 영향을 비교하였다. 제도의 성과를 비교하기 위해서 본 연구에서는 침투 모형을 사용하여 과학기술 연구에 대한 다양한 불확실성이 존재하는 상황에서 정부의 지원금 분배 방식에 따른 연구 활동의 성과도를 행위자 기반 시뮬레이션으로 검토하였다. 이 행위자 기반 시뮬레이션 결과를 분석한 결과 세 가지 패턴이 관찰되었다. 첫째, 정부 지원의 영향력이 낮은 경우 지원 방식의 차이가 성과에 미치는 영향은 상대적으로 미미하다. 둘째, 과학기술 발견의 자연적 장벽이 일정 정도 이상 존재하는 경우, 지나친 집중투자는 효율성을 낮출 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 성과에 관계없는 연구 지원 방식은 대체로 효율성이 낮은 경향이 있다. 따라서 예측되지 않는 장벽이 존재할 가능성이 높은 기술에 대한 지원은 어느 정도는 성과에 기반하는 것이 효율성을 높일 수 있다. 본 모형은 존재할 것이 분명하지만 그 양상은 사전적으로 알 수 없는 불확실성이 존재하는 상황에서 최적의 집중 투자 비율을 도출할 수 있으며, 이 비율보다 더 낮거나 더 높은 집중 투자는 기대 성과의 측면에서 비효율적일 수 있음을 보일 수 있었다는 측면에서 고려할만한 가치가 있다고 판단한다.

This paper tried to compare the effect of two types of public R&D expenditure systems on the discovery of scientific knowledge or the technological advancement. Using an ABM(Agent based simulation model), we test the performance of the equal R&D subsidy and the winner-takes-all subsidy. We can identify three results. First, there is little differences between subsidy systems when the public R&D have low effect on the scientific discovery process. Second, if there is certain level of difficulty on the scientific discovery process, winner-takes-all approach achieves relatively low performance. At last, automatic subsidy always bring the relatively low performance, it suggests that selective subsidy based on the results could be effective.

This article deals with the question of how public policy affects export of wind energy technologies, using panel data from 18 OECD countries over the period 1992-2008. We carry out panel unit-root and cointegration tests, taking into account the results of the normality and structural breaks tests for each individual time series and of tests for the presence of cross-sectional dependence in the panel. Time series data on public policies and exports are integrated and cointegrated. The dynamic OLS results indicate that in the long run, a 1% increase in public R&D expenditures increases exports by 0.722%. The Blundell?Bond system generalized methods of moments (GMM) is employed to conduct a panel causality test in a vector error-correction mechanism (VECM) setting. Evidence of a short-term linear causal relationship running from the contribution of wind energy to the total energy supply (used as a proxy variable for feet-in-tariffs) to exports is uncovered. The joint test results of the study show that exports have a positive effect on GDP and the contribution of wind energy to the total energy supply and that there is bidirectional Granger causality between export and GDP. We suggest some policy implications based on the results of this study.

Purpose - The objective of this paper is to identify the nature of interactive feedback relationships among information technology (IT) deployment, buyer-supplier relationship, and supply chain structure, and also to ascertain whether or not there exists a significant effect from product customization level on such interactive feedback relationships. Design/methodology/approach - Based on this identification through the utilization of the system dynamics methodology, one of the dynamic simulation methods, we can attempt to suggest a set of advisable SCM strategies for effective IT investment and deployment. Findings - Investigating the responses of IT level according to the dynamic changes of product customization level, buyer-supplier relationship, and supply chain structural issues is a requisite first step. This would be helpful in suggesting a dynamic E-technology investment and adoption model appropriate for integrated supply chain management. Originality/value - The insights developed in this paper should provide theoretical foundations and practical guidelines as to the role and function of B-to-B electronic commerce for efficient supply chain integration.

유렵 특허 사무국(EPO)에서는 4차 산업혁명(이하, 4th IR) 관련 기술특허의 양적 동태를 글로벌 수준으로 시계열 분석하여, 그 결과를 바탕으로 4th IR 기술 확산 시기를 2010년 이후로 정의했다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 양적 동태 분석 결과에서 한 걸음 더 나아가, 2010년을 전후한 지식재산(기술특허 기반)의 질적 동태 변화를 다양성 관점에서 다루었다. 4th IR 시기 기술의 질적 특성은 융합이며, 이러한 융합은 기술 다양성과 결부되어 있음을 선행연구들로부터 먼저 확인하였다. 이러한 사실에 근거하여, 4th IR 기술 확산 시점(2010년)을 전후한 기술의 질적 동태 변화를 다양성 지수관점에서 산업 전반에 걸쳐 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 기술에 있어서 다양성 지수에 기반한 질적 변화는 바이오·헬스케어와 전기·전자·정보기술 산업군에서 2010년 전후로 유의하게 증가하였고, 다양성 증가가 유의한 산업군이 그렇지 않은 산업군보다 주식시장 시총 점유율의 과반을 차지하는 것으로 조사 되었다. 이러한 사실들이 시사하는 바는, 바이오·헬스케어 및 전기·전자·정보기술 산업이 4th IR시기에 기술 다양성의 증가를 통해 융합을 선도하고 있으며, 이들 산업이 산업 전체의 가치를 이끌어 가고 있음을 의미한다. 본 연구에서는, 기술특허 정보로부터 추출한 기술 다양성 지수를 토대로 하여 2010년(4th IR 기술이 폭증한 시점)을 전후한 기술의 질적 특성 변화를 산업부문 별로 실증하였고, 이를 산업 부문별 시총(기업의 시장가치) 분포 현황과 비교하였다. 기술 기반의 4th IR 시기에 있어서 ‘기업의 기술경영 전략’ 및 ‘지식자산과 관련된 질적 연구’의 방향성을 실제 기술 data에 기반한 다양성으로부터 직접 실증했다는 점과 향후 기술 다양성과 기업가치 연구의 기반을 제시했다는 점에서 본 연구의 의의가 있다.

The European Patent Office analyzed the quantitative dynamics of technology patents related to the 4th industrial revolution(hereinafter referred to as 4th IR) on a global scale in a time series perspective, and based on these analysis results, the rapid spread of the 4th IR technologies were defined as starting in 2010. Going one step Further from the results of these quantitative studies, this study dealt with the changes in the qualitative dynamics of knowledge assets (based on technology patents) around 2010 from the perspective of diversity. Firstly, it was confirmed from previous studies that the qualitative characteristics of technology in the 4th IR period are convergence and this convergence is linked to technological diversity. On the basis of this fact, the significance of qualitative changes in technology before and after the 4th IR technology spread (2010) was analyzed throughout the industry from the perspective of the diversity index. As a result of the analysis, qualitative changes based on diversity in technology increased significantly before and after 2010 in pharmaceutical·bio-health and electric·electronic·IT industries, and industries with significant increase in diversity accounted for a majority of the stock market's market capitalization than industries that did not. These facts suggest that pharmaceutical·bio-health and IT·electricity·electronics industries are leading convergence through the increase in diversity during the 4th IR period and these industries lead the value of the entire industry. In this study, the change of qualitative characteristics in technology before and after 2010(when 4th IR technology exploded) were demonstrated by industries on the basis of technological diversity which is extracted from actual patent technology information, and compared with the current distribution of market capitalization (enterprise market value) by industry sector. In the era of 4th IR technology, it is meaningful that this study demonstrated the direction of ‘corporate technology management strategies’ & ‘qualitative research related to knowledge assets’ from diversity that is based on actual technology data, and presented the basis for study between technology diversity and corporate value.

본고에서는 여성들이 본격적으로 근대적인 직업을 갖기 시작한 1930년대에 창작된 공장소설들을 중심으로, 여공들의 기술이 쌓이면서 변화하는 정동(affect)이어떻게 사회를 변혁시키는 힘으로 작용하는지를 살펴보고자 한다. 1930년대에 노동자들의 삶을 곡진하게 그려냈던 공장소설의 작가들은 새로운 시대를 이끌어갈주체상으로 여공들을 제시하였다. 작가들은 여공들을 중심으로 식민지 자본주의, 열악한 노동환경, 그리고 보다 나은 삶을 위한 노동자들의 투쟁 의지 등을 재현하였다. 이 과정에서 발견되는 여공들의 정동은 수치심, 슬픔, 사랑, 분노 등이다. 소녀공들은 공장이라는 낯선 공간에서 자본가나 관리자로부터 폭력적인 대우를 받으면 모든 것이 자신의 잘못이라고 생각하며 수치심을 느꼈고, 시간이 지난 후에는 노동의 고통과 고향에 있는 가족에 대한 그리움 등이 슬픔으로 전화하였다. 몇몇 여공들은 공장 안의 남성 전위들과 사랑을 하면서 여성 전위로 거듭났고, 몇몇은 기술을 익혀 숙련 여공이 된 후 공장 안에 존재하는 폭력적인 요소들에 맞서 분노하였다. 이처럼 숙련도가 높아질수록 여공들의 정동은 수동성이 강한 쪽에서 능동성이 강한 쪽으로 이행하였다. 기술의 습득과 함께 정동이 변화함에 따라 여공들은 노동의 조건을 바꾸고 삶을 개선하며 혁명을 향해 한 걸음씩 더 나아갔다.

The article focuses on factory novels created in the 1930s, when women began to take modern jobs in earnest, and also looks at how changing ‘affect’ work as women's skills build up. In the 1930s, writers of factory novels who detailed the lives of workers presented factory girls as subjects to lead a new era. The authors recreated colonial capitalism, poor working conditions, and workers' will to fight for a better life, among others. The factory girls' affects found in the process include shame, sadness, love and anger. The apprentices felt shame when they were treated with violence by capitalists or managers in a strange place called a factory, thinking that everything was themselves wrong. When the apprenticeship period ends, heavy labor and longing for the family back home turn into sadness. Some factory girls are reborn as female vanguard as they fall in love with the male vanguard in the factory, and some are angry at the violent elements that exist in the factory after mastering their skills and becoming skilled factory girls. As the level of proficiency increases, factory girls' affects change from passive ones to active ones. With the change of affects, the factory girls change the conditions of labor, improve their lives and take a step closer to revolution.

본 연구는 한국 근대사 속에서 중요한 역할을 담당했던 천도교의 과학기술 수용양상과 그로 인한 종교경험의 변화에 대해 역사적으로 고찰하는 것을 그 주요한 목적으로 한다. 근대 시기 천도교는 단지 종교로서의 한계 내에 머무르지 않고, 동학의 정신을 계승하여 사회적, 정치적으로도 매우 활발한 역할을 담당했다. 천도교에서는 인간을 개혁하는 것이 곧 종교의 개혁이자 사회개혁이요, 전 우주적 차원의 개혁과 진보라는 확신이 있었다. 또한 천도교 지식인들은 사회 진화론적 기반 위에서천도교야말로 새로운 세상을 위한 ‘신종교’이자 종교의 진보 단계에서 ‘최후의 종교’ 라는 자기 정체성을 갖고 있었다. 따라서 천도교는 한국이 직면한 시대의 조류와 그변화에 매우 민감하게 반응하며 구시대의 종교들의 한계를 극복하고자 했다. 천도교는 과거의 종교들처럼 우주와 자연만물을 추상적으로 접근하는 것이 아니라, 근대시기 세계관을 근본적으로 변화시킨 과학에 지대한 관심을 갖고 구체적인 과학지식을기반으로 하여 새로운 인간관 우주관을 제시하고자 했다. 이제까지 천도교에 대한연구는 한국 근대사와 관련하여 다각도로 활발하게 연구되어오고 있으며 그 연구 성과 또한 상당한 축적을 이루고 있다. 그러나 기존 연구의 경우 천도교를 정치적, 종교적, 사상적인 차원에서, 특히 민족자주정신의 차원에서 주요하게 다루고 있을 뿐, 천도교의 과학기술문명을 향한 관심에 대해서는 그 관심을 기울이지 않았다. 본 연구는 따라서 천도교에서 당대 최신 과학기술을 어떻게 종교적으로 수용, 체험되는지에 대해 역사적으로 고찰하는 것을 그 목적으로 한다. 먼저, 개신교의 경우와의비교를 통해 각 종교집단의 과학기술에 대한 종교적 수용 방식의 유사성과 차이점을 검토한다. 이어서 천도교에서 과학기술의 문제를 어떻게 종교적으로 해석하고수용했는지 살펴본다. 마지막으로 개신교와 천도교의 수용에서 드러난 원형적 측면들이 무엇이었고 그 의미는 무엇이었는지를 제시하고자 한다. 이러한 천도교의 사례를 통해 우리는 한국 근대의 맥락에서의 종교와 과학 담론 전개 양상의 일면을 고찰해 볼 수 있을 것이다.

This study tries to explore religious experiences in the acceptance of scientific-technology in Cheondoism, which was a major representative religion in the early modern period of Korea. In the modern times, Cheondoism did not stay within the limits of religion but played a very active role in socio-political areas. Radical intellectuals of Cheondoism were convinced that a reformation of humanity is a religious reform, which then reforms society. Finally reforming a human being and human society can move the whole universe. In addition, they had a religious self-identity based on belief in social darwinism that Cheondoism is a ‘new religion’ for the new world and ‘the last religion’ in the evolution of religions. Therefore, Cheondoism responded very sensitively to the tide of the times to overcome the limitations of the established ‘old’ religions. Instead of abstractly approaching the universal and natural world of religions of the past, Cheondoism was interested in the scientific-technology that fundamentally changed the modern world-view. It also sought to propose a new vision for human beings on the base of concrete scientific knowledge. Until now, many researches and studies on Cheondoism have been significantly building up, however, they have been mainly dealing with political, religious, and ideological aspects of Cheondoism. It’s necessary to pay attention to the interest of Cheondoists in the times of scientific-technology. For this purpose, I am focusing on the newest technologies of that time like telegraph, telephone and radio in the magazines of Cheondoism. Especially these technologies stimulated religious associations and imaginations in terms of Cheondoists cosmology, world-view and thoughts on human being. I would like to show what the prototypes revealed in the process of adopting scientific technology in Cheondoism in comparison with Korean Protestantism their meaning. This study will provide us with an insight in order to understand one aspect of the development of religion-science discourses in the context of modern Korea.

The transition from fossil to renewable energy is inevitable due to fossil depletion. So, Renewable energy is very important for energy security and economic growth although it's R&D is long-term and high risky project. We propose new valuation method which combined system dynamics and compound real option method for long-term and high risk projects such as renewable energy. This method can show dynamic valuation results for the complex causal interaction and be easy for Monte-Carlo simulation to estimate volatility. And it can reflect the value of flexible decision for uncertainty. We applied the empirical analysis for Korea's photovoltaic industry by using this method. As results by empirical analysis, photovoltaic's R&D has high valuation using this method compared by traditional valuation methods such as DCF.

디지털 환경 속에서 잘못되거나 왜곡된 정보들이 대량으로 생산되고 빠르게 유통, 소비되면서 ‘팩트체킹(fact-checking, 사실 확인)’이 대응책으로 주목 받고 있다. 국내에서도 팩트체크 전문기관이 등장했고 팩트체크 관행을 뉴스 생산 현장에서 강조하고자 하는 언론사 수도 증가해왔으며, 2010년대 후반부터는 정부의 지원에 힘입어 인공지능을 기반으로 팩트체킹을 자동화하려는 시도가 발전해 왔다. 하지만 정작 국내 인공지능 팩트체크 기술 개발의 필요성, 한계, 전망, 방향성 등에 대한 현장의 목소리는 사회적 담론으로 충분히 생산되지 못했다. 이 연구는 이에 문제 의식을 갖고 팩트체크 현장에의 참여 경험이 있는 이해관계자를 인터뷰함으로써 국내 인공지능 기반 자동화 팩트체크 기술의 현황, 과제 및 전망을 제시하고자 했다. 국내 팩트체크 전문기관에서 활동하고 있는 7인의 주요 이해관계자에 대해 심층 인터뷰를 진행했고, 한국형 인공지능 기반 자동화 팩트체킹 기술 개발과 관련된 정부기관의 기술개발 지원 현황과 학계 발표 연구 등을 현상 분석했다. 연구 결과, 현재 한국형 인공지능 팩트체크 기술은 국가적 차원의 연구지원이 소모적 정쟁 속에서 정치적으로 변질되고, 양질의 한글 데이터를 확보하기 어려운 비우호적인 연구환경 속에서 연구가 답보 상태에 머물러 있음이 드러났다. 현장 참여자들은 팩트체킹 과정에서 인공지능의 역할과 범위에 대해 다양한 이해관계자 간 합의점을 찾기 위한 사회적 노력이 필요하다고 강조했다. 특히, 가치와 맥락 정보가 내재된 사회적 해석의 영역인 팩트체킹에 내재된 본질적인 주관성과 정치성을 감안해 기술 개발 과정에 사회적 합의가 수반되어야 함을 강조하고 있다. 본 연구의 결과는 팩트체크 생태계 내에서 실제 활동 중인 참여자들의 시각을 사회적 담론으로 재구성하는 데 일조하고, 다양한 행위자의 지형도 안에서 한국형 인공지능 팩트체크 기술이 나아갈 방향성을 제시하고 있다. 본 연구의 의의는 국내 인공지능 기반 팩트체크 기술 개발 과정과 시행착오를 기술사의 일부로 기록하여 남기고, 사회적 숙의 과정을 거친 인공지능 개발 방향을 제안하는 데 있다.

‘Fact-check’ has drawn attention as a countermeasure against false or misleading information that is produced in large quantities and rapidly distributed in the digital environment. In response, the number of fact-checking organizations as well as news outlets that try to emphasize fact-checking practices in the news production process has also increased in Korea. Since the late 2010s, attempts to automate fact-checking based on artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have developed with government-backed financial support. However, up to date, the social discourse on the necessity, limitations, prospects, and direction of AI-based fact-checking technologies has not been sufficiently developed. Facing this issue, this study aims to present the current status, challenges, and prospects of national AI fact-checking technology research and development through in-depth interviews with seven stakeholders who have been involved in two representative fact-check institutes. This study also conducted a phenomenological analysis of government policy documents and published research. The results of the study suggest that Korean AI fact-checking technology is currently stuck in an unfriendly research environment, including a lack of national research support and a lack of high-quality Korean data, which has turned into a politicized debate. Participants also emphasized that social efforts are needed to find consensus among various stakeholders on the role and scope of AI in the fact-checking process. They also suggested that the factcheck technology development process should be accompanied by a mature social discourse given the subjectivity and politics inherent in fact-checking, a domain of social interpretation with embedded values and contextual information. Based on these findings, the study emphasizes the need to explore alternative governance systems to ensure and strengthen the independence and impartiality of fact-checking, and calls for self-reflection by all members of society to establish the fact-checking process as a virtuous cycle. This means that we all need to establish the correct perception of what constitutes a "fact," implement appropriate practices in the actual fact-checking process, and most importantly, respect and accept the fact-checking results presented without being bound by partisanship to further solidify the socio-cognitive foundation for a healthy social debate. All in all, our findings contribute to restructuring the sociotechnical discourse within the topography of various actors in the realm of the fact-checking ecosystem, thereby suggesting the future direction of AI fact-checking technologies in Korea. The significance of this study is that it documents the historical development process of trial and error of national AI-based fact-checking technology and raises the issue of overly politicized or blindly focused development of AI fact-checking research and regulation in Korea without mature social deliberation.

This study aims to develop strategic diagnosis framework of performance by identifying and analysing the dynamics of the technology commercialization ecosystem in innovative region. To achieve the purpose of this study, the systems thinking approach is used. The systems thinking approach connects feedback structure and behavior more explicitly to diagnosis vicious feedback loop in the regional technology commercialization ecosystem. In terms of an ecological point of view, it will be possible to explore dominant feedback structure and find leverages to overcome the limitations of regional technology commercialization performance. The diagnosis of reenforcing and balancing feedback structure is based on the statistical analysis of the survey data which has been collected in a cluster random sampling method, targeting on the 200 firm located in the Pangyo and Daeduk region. The results from this research showed that the regional technology commercialization ecosystem was immature and faced limit to the growth. An important finding of this study was that regional technology commercialization ecosystem need to activation of startups and reinforcement of virtuous feedback structures of technology commercialization market systems.

The study aims at quantifying the effect of nano technology in the fields of economics and social aspects by using the methodology of system dynamics. A case study which using selenium oxide nanoparticles as additive agent in order to enhance fuel efficiency was selected as an example of nano technology in economic and societal benefits. Additionally, models for exhaust gas from combustion of fuel (diesel) and related issues are developed to evaluate real-time assessment of the effect of nano technology. It was found that the selenium oxide nanoparticles increase fuel efficiency, and it also affects on the amount of exhaust gas and the respiratory disease related issues. The results of this study which give quantitative value for the effect of nano technology can be used as objective references in development of national policy.

Nuclear technology made a great contribution to the national economy and society by localization of nuclear power plant design, and by stabilization of electricity price, etc. It is very important to conduct the retrospective analysis for the nuclear technology contribution to the national economy and society, but it is more important to conduct prospective analysis for the nuclear technology contribution. The term "technology value" is often used in the prospective analysis to value the result of technology development. There are various definitions of technology value, but generally it means the increment of future revenue or the reduction of future cost by technology development. These technology valuation methods are widely used in various fields (information technology or energy technology, etc). The main objective of this research is to develop valuation methodology that represents unique characteristics of nuclear power technology. The valuation methodology that incorporates market share changes of generation technologies was developed. The technology valuation model which consists of five modules (electricity demand forecast module, technology development module, market share module, electricity generation module, total cost module) to incorporate market share changes of generation technologies was developed. The nuclear power technology value assessed by this technology valuation model was 3 times more than the value assessed by the conventional method. So it was confirmed that it is very important to incorporates market share changes of generation technologies. The valuation results of nuclear power technology in this study can be used as policy data for ensuring the benefits of nuclear power R&D (Research and Development) investment.

본 연구는 생명윤리법 사례를 중심으로 정책네트워크 변화의 영향요인과 정책네트워크의 변화가 정책변동에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지 분석하였다. 정책네트워크 변화의 주요 요인은 복제인간 탄생 및 황우석 사태와 같은 충격사건이나 기술변화, 여론, 주요국의 제도변화 등으로 나타났다. 정책네트워크는 이슈네트워크→이슈네트워크→정책공동체 유형으로 변화되었다. 정책행위자들은 정부, 상임위원회, 생명공학계, 종교계, 윤리계, 여성계, 시민단체 등 다수가 참여하였으나, 제도가 안정화되고 현저한 이슈의 부재와 생명공학이라는 전문영역에 의해 점차 정책공동체 내에서 정책결정이 이루어졌다. 정책변동은 비점증적 변동이 일어난 후, 주로 점증적으로 변동되었다. 정책네트워크의 유형이 이슈네트워크에 가까울수록 정책독점이 깨져 비점증적 정책변동을 예상할 수 있으나, 제정기에는 이슈네트워크가 비점증적 요인으로 작용한 반면, 제1차 개정기는 점증적 요인으로 나타났다. 이는 대립적인 다수 행위자들의 상호작용에 의해 선호정책을 산출하기 어려웠기 때문으로 생각된다.

This study explore relationship between policy network dynamics and policy change of science and technology(S&T) regulatory policy. Why S&T policy which is recognized as policy area required specialized knowledge and closed small world policy network affect policy change? We examine the policy dynamics on bioethics and Safety Act policy process and evolution. The results show that the main factors for policy network change were focusing event such as human clone, Prof. Wooksuk Hwang Scandal, technology change, public opinion, system change of major countries, and so forth. Policy network has changed in order of issue network-issue network-types of policy community. Though policy actors such as government, standing committee, biotechnology groups, religious groups, ethics groups, woman groups, civic groups, and so on participated, policy decision was gradually made by without a remarkable issue and the special academic field like biotechnology after stabilizing the system. Policy change was changed incrementally after it was non-incremental. As the type of policy network gets similar with issue network, non-incremental policy change could be anticipated because of the break of policy monopoly. However, issue network appears as incremental factor during the first term while it worked as non-incremental factor during the enactment term. It is policy preference was calculated with difficulty by the interaction of many conflictual actors.