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새로운 IT 환경에서의 변화를 이해하고 경쟁력 있는 클라우드 생태계를 구축하며, 지속가능한 성장을 위한 경쟁정책을 수립하기 위해서는 먼저 우리나라 IT시장의 구조와 그 변화를 정확히 이해하는 것이 필요하다. IT시장의 구조를 이해하기 위한 과거의선행연구들은 통신시장을 배경으로 수직적 가치사슬 구조를 중심으로 설명한 것이 대부분이었으나, 최근 들어 이슈로 부각하고 있는 클라우드 생태계에 관한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구의 목적은 IT시장에서의 클라우드 서비스의 등장에 따른 가치사슬의 변화를 이해하는 것이다. 이를 위해 먼저 기존의 연구 문헌들을 통하여 기업 또는 산업의 공급 구조, 그리고 시장의 생태계를 설명하기 위해 사용하는 기본 틀인 가치사슬의 개념을 정의하고, 이를 통하여 우리나라 IT시장의 가치사슬에 대해, 특히 클라우드 서비스 도입이후의 우리나라 IT시장의 변화를 반영하여 그 구조의 변화를 설명하며, 이를 바탕으로 우리나라 IT시장을 진단하고 시장의 성장을 견인하는 요인들을 파악하도록 한다. 본 연구를 통해 가치사슬 관점에서 IT시장을 이해함으로써, 클라우드 서비스 산업의 경쟁력을 높이고, 향후 클라우드 기반으로 IT생태계를 구축하기 위한 이론적 근거로 활용되길 기대한다.

SW산업의 생산요소는 인적자원이 대부분을 차지하고 있기 때문에 SW의 경쟁력을 결정하는 핵심요소는 인적자원이라 할 수 있다. 그러나 국내 IT 산업 현장에서의 SW인력에 대한 경제적 대우나 사회적 가치는 제대로 인정되지 않고 있는 실정이다. 이에 정부는 SW산업 육성정책을 지속적으로 추진해 왔다. 그러나 정부의 SW산업 육성정책은 대부분 기업의 국내 시장조성, 국제 경쟁력 제고, 중소벤처의 경쟁기반 강화 등에 초점을 맞추고 있어 핵심요소인 인력에 대한 정책은 소외되어 온 게 사실이다. 이에 본 연구는 SW기술인력에 대한 정책 필요성을 제기하면서 현 SW산업정책의 분석과 이의 개선을 위한 정책대안을 제시하고자 한다. 이를 위한 연구의 중점은 SW산업 정책 관련 주요변수들 간의 구조관계분석에 있으며, 이 구조관계분석을 통해 증명된 내용을 토대로 SW인력의 처우개선 방안을 제시할 것이다.

Since the major requisite of software production is manpower, the core element of the competitive power of software is also manpower. However, economic treatments and social status of software manpower are in a very unsatisfactory situation. While Korean government has been continuing to drive the policy to foster the local software industry, the most cultivating policies of software industry are adjusted to the focus to create the local market in software field, reinforce the global competitive power, and intensify the competitive basis of small and medium size business organizations. So it is true that manpower which is key players and core elements of the software industry, have been shunned by the government policy. The purpose of this study is to initiate the necessity of the policy for technical manpower in the software industry and to suggest a policy program to uplift the treatment of them. To achieve this purpose, this paper will analyze the structural relation between variables about software policy and suggest policy programs to improve the treatment of manpower in the software field.

There are many studies to extend the distance traveled by electric vehicles. However, much research has been done to increase the capacity of the battery. In this study, some engines for power generation, in which a battery is charged with energy by mounting a small internal combustion engine in which an engine is mounted in an electric vehicle and the battery is charged with energy, are being studied. Therefore, since such an engine is operated at a high load, the camshaft and the camshaft are emphasized to have high load strength and durability to withstand fatigue.

The growing complication of regulations requires intelligent regulation management system, with support of information technology. In this research, we develop basic technology for analyzing rules and policies expressed in natural languages, in order to extract the regulatory attributes and automate data input process for regulation database. We analyze the frequency of verbs occurring in the regulation database, and focus on the most frequent types of regulations: ‘should submit,’ ‘should issue,’ and ‘may not’. Regex based approach and syntactic analysis approach are used for sentence structure analysis.

This research has been conducted to design upright parts of hand-made vehicles with the purpose of reducing material and machining cost while ensuring structural safety. Aluminum knuckles were modelled with three parts in order to enhance design flexibility as well as to reduce CNC machining cost. A vehicle model was constructed in CAD program and simulated in ADAMS View in order to estimate joint forces developing during 20 degree step steering condition at 60km/h. The joint forces obtained in the vehicle dynamics simulation were used for the structural analysis in ANSYS and dimensions of knuckle parts were adjusted until the lowest safety factor reached 2.0. The weight of knuckle decreased by 50% compared to the previous version that was designed without the structural analysis. The overall manufacturing cost decreased by 33% due to the reduction in the material as well as the CNC machining effort.

The Yeonsan Ogye (YO) chicken is a natural heritage of Korea, characterized by black feathers, skin, bones, eyes, and comb. The purebred of YO population has been reared under the natural mating system with no systematic selection and breeding plan. The purpose of this study was to identify the genetic diversity and find the optimal number of population sub-division using 12 polymorphic microsatellite (MS) markers to construct a pedigree-based breeding plan for the YO population. A total of 509 YO birds were used for this study. Genetic diversity and population structure analysis were conducted based on the MS marker genotype information. The overall average polymorphic information content value and expected heterozygosity of the population were 0.586, and 0.642, respectively. The K-mean cluster analysis based on the genetic distance result confirmed that the current YO population can be divided into three ancestry groups. Individuals in each group were evaluated based on their genetic distance to identify the potential candidates for a future breeding plan. This study concludes that a future breeding plan with known pedigree information of selected founder animals, which holds high genetic diversity, could be the best strategy to ensure the conservation of the Korean YO chicken population.

The objective of this study was to describe the population structure and inbreeding, and to quantify their effectson weights at different ages of Mehraban sheep in Iran. The analysis was based on the pedigree information of26990 animals and 10278 body weight records from birth to yearling age. Data and pedigree information werecollected during 1994 to 2011 by the breeding station of Mehraban sheep. The population structure was analyzedusing the CFC program. Inbreeding of all animals was calculated by INBUPGF90 program. All animals were groupedinto three classes according to their inbreeding coefficients: the first class included non-inbred animals (F=0); andthe second and third classes included inbred animals (0<F<0.05 and F≥0.05, respectively). The average inbreedingin Mehraban sheep was 1.69%. Founder equivalent (fe) values were estimated to be 4244, 3116 and 2965 during1994-1999, 2000-2005 and 2006-2011, respectively. The effective population sizes (Ne) were 363, 5080 and 5740during 1994-1999, 2000-2005 and 2006-2011, respectively. Generation interval was 2.15 years for this breed of sheep. Regression coefficients of birth weight, 3-month weight, 6-month weight and yearling weight on lamb inbreedingwere estimated to be -6.34?0.69, -14.68?5.33, 48.00?9.43 and 98.65?15.65, respectively. Both positive and negativeinbreeding effects were found in the current study. The utilization of a program for designed mating system, in thepresent flock, could be a suitable approach to keep the level of inbreeding under control.

Aim First time mothers faced with a continuously crying infant, who do not know how to stop their child from crying, are at risk of developing anxiety and other types of Emotional Unrest. Because continuous Emotional Unrest may lead to an emotional crisis, it is important for healthcare providers to understand causal factors associated with Emotional Unrest among first time mothers faced with a persistently crying infant 6?7 weeks postpartum. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out on a study population of 217 first time mothers with infants aged 6?7 weeks. A self-administered questionnaire was used to measure Emotional Unrest, Neighborhood Social Organization, Effective Parenting Support, Understanding of Crying and the Effect of Information Available on Crying, Current Parenting Environment and Characteristics of the Mother and Child. Potential causal factors for Emotional Unrest were explored using structural equation modeling. Results One hundred and thirty two (60.8%) of the mothers experienced persistent crying in the period 6?7 weeks after the birth of their child and 108 (49.7%) mothers experienced Emotional Unrest. Factor analysis revealed five important constructs to be causal factors of Emotional Unrest: Effective Parenting Support, Effective Assistance with Regard to Crying, Confused by Information, Neighborhood Social Organization and Feelings of Fatigue and Anxiety. Structural equation modeling indicated that Effective Parenting Support, Effective Assistance with Regard to Crying, Confused by Information and Neighborhood Social Organization affect Feelings of Fatigue and Anxiety, which then leads to Emotional Unrest. Conclusion This study demonstrated that it will be necessary in future for health-care workers to provide early intervention, such as accurate information about crying as well as concrete and appropriate response measures for dealing with crying. Furthermore, in motherhood/parenting classes and the discharge guidance conducted at birthing centers, it will be necessary to provide guidance on what kind of effective support and local area resources are available to parents following the birth of their child.

Reproducibility is a critical issue in protein structure analysis, especially in drug discovery workflows. Previous methods do not consistently produce reliable results across systems and do not provide deterministic outcomes in protein analysis. This work proposes a tri-layered blockchain-inspired architecture that leverages cryptographic metadata and capabilities to validate protonation states and guarantee deterministic results and data integrity across protein structure preparation and ensure reproducible binding site analysis. The results show 100% reproducibility with a 1745.1% performance overhead with execution time still under 11 s, enhancing data security and offering a reliable solution for computational drug discovery workflows. This system enhances confidence in computational drug discovery workflows.

Mongolian horses are one of the oldest horse breeds, and are very important livestock in Mongolia as they are used in various fields such as transportation, food (milk, meat), and horse racing. In addition, research and preservation on pure Mongolian breeds are being promoted under the implementation of the new Genetics of Livestock Resources’ act in Mongolia. However, despite the implementation of this act, genetic research on Mongolian horses using microsatellites (MS) has not progressed enough. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze the genetic polymorphism of five breeds (Gobi shankh, Tes, Gal shar, Darkhad, and Undurshil) using 14 MS markers recommended by International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG). The mean number of alleles (MNA) was 8.29, expected heterozygosity frequency (HExp) was 0.767, observed heterozygosity frequency (HObs) was 0.752, and polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.729. The Nei’s genetic distance analysis showed that the genetic distance between Gobi shankh and Darkhad horses was the farthest, and the other three breeds, Tes, Gal shar, and Undurshil were found to be close to each other. Similarly, the principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and factorial correspondence analysis (FCA) showed that the Gobi shankh and Darkhad horses were genetically distinct from other breeds. On the other hand, it appears that Tes, Gal shar, and Undurshil horses, which are genetically similar, most likely interbred with each other. Therefore, it is expected that these results will help the conservation of genetic resources in Mongolia and the establishment of policies related to Mongolian horses.

Recently, there has been a growing interest in intolerance of uncertainty (IU) as a transdiagnostic risk factor for various men tal disorders. However, no consensus has been reached on the components that comprise IU. Considering that while the rela tionship between IU and internalizing symptoms such as anxiety and depression has been well-established, a dearth of stud ies elucidates how each IU component is specifically related to anxiety and depression. Given its close relationship to internal izing symptoms, understanding the distinct correlations between each IU facet and internalizing symptoms becomes pivotal for effective interventions. Therefore, this study conducted a network analysis to delineate IU structure and how each compo nent is related to state/trait anxiety and depression. Using the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS), the most central item, structure, and relationship within the scale were identified. The relationship between IU and internalizing symptoms was also examined and the clinical implications of each result are discussed.

Purpose: It is important to examine the attitudes of future nurses toward adopting a sustainabilityapproach in their nursing practice. This study aimed to test the Sustainability Attitudes in Nursing Survey2 psychometrically. Methods: The methodological, descriptive study was conducted in November 2019 on nursing students(n ¼ 286) at a university in Turkiye. Data were analyzed for reliability and validity tests. Statistics of thelinguistic content validity analysis and exploratory/confirmatory factor analysis were performed todetermine the scale's validity. Cronbach Alpha coefficient, floor and ceiling impacts, Tukey's test, andHotelling's T2 test, test-retest reliability were determined for the scale's reliability. Results: The content validity index of the scale, which consists of five items and one dimension, is .98. Factor loadings were above .30, all the fit indices were >.95, c2/df was 1.58, and the root means squareerror of approximation was .045. Cronbach's a was .75. The floor and ceiling impacts were 0.0% and 3.1%. In Tukey's test, F was 3.43 and p was .064. In Hotelling's T2 test, Hotelling's T2 was 265.59 and F was 65.68(p < .001). Item-total correlation coefficients were between .37 and .63. The test-retest correlation coefficientwas .39. Conclusion: The scale is a valid and reliable instrument in the Turkish language. It is advised to use thescale in determining attitudes towards sustainability among nursing students, evaluating the effectivenessof training, and taking student opinions in curriculum revisions. Also, the study allowed crosscountrycomparisons, and it is thought that it can guide studies on the inclusion of sustainability principlesin nursing practices.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the knowledge structure of the concept of resilience of dementia caregivers and to understand core topics and the trends in dementia caregiver resilience research over time. Methods: This study is a quantitative content analysis using text network analysis on the studies on resilience of caregivers of people with dementia. We searched the available literature in two scientific databases, PubMed and the Web of Science. Term frequency, the number of co-occurrence, and centrality were analyzed, and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) analysis was conducted with Net Miner program. Results: A total 187 articles were identified. The core keywords found were "care", "family", "support", "burden", "intervention", "health", "stress", "relationship", "symptom", "depression", "partner", and "quality of life". Four main topics were identified through the LDA analysis, such as "support from family and social resources", "hardships to overcome", "building strength to overcome adversity", and "coping with negative emotions". There was only one study before 2000, but the number of studies steadily increased to 50 for the years 2011-2015, and 111 for the years 2016-2020. Conclusion: This is the first study to analyze the knowledge structure and research trend of resilience research of caregivers of people with dementia through social network analysis and topic modeling. This study provides a scientific basis of the future studies in Korea. Moreover, it is meaningful in that it brought a comprehensive understanding of the studies by comprehensively analyzing the studies of the resilience of caregivers of people with dementia.

Background: As the number of households raising companion dogs increases, the pet genetic analysis market also continues to grow. However, most studies have focused on specific purposes or native breeds. This study aimed to collect genomic data through single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip analysis of companion dogs in South Korea and perform genetic diversity analysis and SNP annotation. Methods: We collected samples from 95 dogs belonging to 26 breeds, including mixed breeds, in South Korea. The SNP genotypes were obtained for each sample using an Axiom™ Canine HD Array. Quality control (QC) was performed to enhance the accuracy of the analysis. A genetic diversity analysis was performed for each SNP. Results: QC initially selected SNPs, and after excluding non-diverse ones, 621,672 SNPs were identified. Genetic diversity analysis revealed minor allele frequencies, polymorphism information content, expected heterozygosity, and observed heterozygosity values of 0.220, 0.244, 0.301, and 0.261, respectively. The SNP annotation indicated that most variations had an uncertain or minimal impact on gene function. However, approximately 16,000 non-synonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) have been found to significantly alter gene function or affect exons by changing translated amino acids. Conclusions: This study obtained data on SNP genetic diversity and functional SNPs in companion dogs raised in South Korea. The results suggest that establishing an SNP set for individual identification could enable a gene-based registration system. Furthermore, identifying and researching nsSNPs related to behavior and diseases could improve dog care and prevent abandonment.

The crystal structure of the saliciline derivatives N,N′-bis(3-chloro-2-methylsalicylidene)-1,4- butanediamine (C20H22Cl2N2O2) has been determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data. In the title compound crystallizes in the triclinic space group Pī with unit cell dimension a= 4.6085(3) Å, b=5.9747(3) Å and c= 5.9747(3) Å [ α=83.889 (4)°, β= 86.744(5)° and γ= 82.085(5)°]. The title compound is essentially planar conformation. The compound lies across a crystallographic inversion centre and adopts E configurations with respect to the C-N bonds. The crystal packing of the molecules of compound is stabilized through weak O-H...N intra molecular interactions

The crystal structure of the saliciline derivatives 4-chloro-2{[(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) amino]methyl}5-methylphenol (C15H15ClNO2) has been determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data. In the title compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with unit cell dimension a= 11.5241(2) Å, b=8.733(2) Å and c= 13.649(2) Å [α=90°, β= 130.876(2)° and γ= 90°]. the title compound are essentially planar conformation. The compound lies across a crystallographic inversion centre and adopts E configurations with respect to the C-N bonds. The crystal packing of the molecules of compound is stabilized through weak O-H...O inter molecular interactions

The crystal structure of the potential active Methyl 8-bromo-3-phenyl-5a,9a-dihydro-3H- chromen [4,3-c][1,2] isoxazole- 3a(4H)- carboxylate (C18H15BrNO4) has been determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. The title compound crystallizes in the triclinic space group Pī with unit cell dimension a=8.3129 (3) Å, b=9.5847 (4) Å and c= 11.1463(4) Å [α= 98.457(3)°, β= 102.806(2)° and γ= 105.033(5)°]. Single crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction were obtained by slow evaporation method, the isoxazole and six membered pyran rings adopts envelope conformation. In the crystal, molecules are linked via pairs of inter molecular C-H…O hydrogen bonds to form dimmers.

The crystal structure of the potential active 6-ethoxy-3-phenyl-5a,9a-dihydro-3H-chromen[4,3 -c][1,2]oxazole-3a(4H)- carbonitrile (C19H15N2O3) has been determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. The title compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with unit cell dimension a= 29.3026(9) Å, b= 6.7695(2) Å and c= 19.7597(6) Å [α= 90°, β= 125.709 (10)° and γ= 90°]. Single crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction were obtained by slow evaporation method, the isoxazole and six membered pyran rings adopts envelope conformation. The crystal packing of the molecules is stabilized by the weak C-H…N hydrogen bond interaction.

The crystal structure of the potential active 3-(4-ethylphenyl)-3H-chromeno[4,3-c] isoxazole-3a(4H)-carbonitrile (C19H16N2O2) has been determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data. In the title compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with unit cell dimension a=6.6869 (8) Å, b=15.8326 (19) Å and c= 15.237 (2) Å [α=90°, β= 100.663° and γ= 90°]. In the structure chromene, isoxazole and carboxylate are almost coplanar each other. All geometrical parameters revelled that chromene ring of pyran ring adopt sofa conformation. The crystal packing is stabilized by intermolecular C-H...N and C-H...O hydrogen bond interaction.