Earticle

Anterior shoulder dislocations are common in young athletes. The mechanism for the first or primary shoulder dislocation may involve a collision or a fall typically with the arm in an abducted and externally ro-tated position. The aim of this study was to design a physical rehabilita-tion program using the elastic band and resistive exercise to improve joint strength and range of motion in individuals diagnosed with a first-time shoulder dislocation. Twelve physically active males with a first-time acute shoulder dislocation were asked to volunteer. Participants began a physical rehabilitation program 2 weeks after the shoulder dis-location, which was confirmed by a referring physician. The rehabilita-tion program was 6 weeks in duration and required the participants to engage in progressive resistive loads/duration using elastic bands and weights 5 days per week. Pretest and posttest measures included shoulder strength and range of motion. All outcome measures were compared between the injured and uninjured shoulder, which served as the control condition in this study. There were statistically significant differences between the injured and uninjured shoulder for measures of strength and range of motion during pretests (P<0.01) but not post-tests (P<0.53). Finally, there were no differences between shoulders in regards to the volume measure suggesting that any changes in muscle atrophy or swelling were not detected. The physical rehabilitation pro-gram proposed in this study was effective at improving strength and range of motion in the injured shoulder as evidenced by the similarity in posttest values between the injured and uninjured shoulder.

The purpose of this study cares to investigate effect of shoulder stabilization exercise at the pain control, function and range of motion of shoulder girdle after surgery of shoulder dislocation patients. The subjects were 30 patients who operated on capsulorrhaphy surgery of shoulder dislocation patients. They were assigned by random sampling to an experimental group (n = 15) to which stabilization exercise was applied and a control group (n = 15) to which ordinary physical treatment was applied. To evaluate the degree of pain prior to and after the treatment, a 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS) was used. The Constant–Murley Scale (CMS) and simple shoulder test (SST) was used to determine the function and condition of the shoulder joints of the subjects. To determine the range of motion, a Dartfish program was used. The results of comparison of the therapeutic effect in the experimental and control groups revealed significant differences in active abduction, SST, and power component of the CMS. The results suggest that shoulder stabilization exercise positively affects pain alleviation and functional recovery in shoulder dislocation patients.

Objectives This study reports two cases of effective, rapid, and safe reduction of anterior shoulder dislocation (ASD) using dislocation Chuna manual therapy (DCMT). Methods Two patients diagnosed with ASD at Korean Medicine Hospital were treated with DCMT. The patients were seated, and the technique involved a combination of traction, external rotation, adduction, and internal rotation. After reduction, the affected arm was immobilized using an arm sling to prevent redislocation. The position of the humeral head was assessed by X-rays before and after DCMT. Results In both cases, DCMT was successfully applied without complications. Post-reduction X-rays confirmed proper joint alignment and immediate pain relief. Conclusions DCMT may serve as an effective, rapid, and safe reduction method for ASD without the need for procedural sedation and analgesia. Further research with larger sample sizes is needed to validate its clinical efficacy and safety.

목적: 본 연구는 40세 이후에 발생한 회전근 개 파열을 동반한 재발성 견관절 탈구 환자 중 Bankart병변을 동반한 경우, Bankart복원술이나 소절개 술식(miniopen technique)을 이용한 회전근 개 봉합술을 동시에 시행한 후 후향적 임상적 결과를 분석하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 본 정형외과학 교실에서 1991년 5월부터 2002년 1월까지 내원하여 수술 받은 40세 이상의 회전근 개 파열을 동반한 재발성 견관절 탈구 환자 25례의 환자 중 최종 추시가 가능하였던 22례를 대상으로 하였으며, 평균 연령은 52(범위, 41$\~$67)세, 추시기간은 평균 50.5(범위, 10$\~$47)개월이었다. 결과: 전체 환자 22례 중 Bankart병변을 동반한 환자 8례들의 최종 추시 결과 견관절 운동 범위는 전방거상은 평균 122$^{\circ}$에서 154$^{\circ}$, 외전은 평균 115$^{\circ}$ 에서 161$^{\circ}$ 로 향상되어 술전에 비해 견관절 기능이 유의하게 향상되었다. University of Pennsylvania patient self-assessment 의 동통지수는 술전 11.0에서 술후 5.5로 호전되었다. 환자가 호소하는 동통의 정도는 VAS 평가상 술전 평균 5.4에서 술후 평균 2.5로, UCLA 평가지수는 술전 20.2에서 술후 29.6로, Constant 평가지수는 술전 48.6에서 술후 69.0으로 유의하게 향상되었다. UCLA 평가지수상 전체 환자 22례 중 Bankart병변을 동반한 8례 환자들의 최종 추시 결과 우수 2명, 양호 4명 , 보통 2명이었으며, Bankart병변을 동반하지 않은 14례의 환자군의 최종 추시 시 우수 2명 , 양호 6명, 보통 5명, 불량 1명으로 양 그룹간의 통계적 의미는 없었다. 결론: 40세 이상에서의 견관절 탈구는 재발성은 적고, 회전근 개와 액와신경 손상, 상완골 대결절의 골절을 동반하는 경우가 많다고 알려져 있지만, 회전근 개 파멸과 함께 전방관절낭와순 복합체의 손상이 동반된 경우엔 재발성 불안정성이 증가하여 소절개 술식을 이용한 회전근 개 봉합술과 함께 Bankart봉합술과 같은 전방 구조물 대한 복원을 시행하는 것을 권장한다.

Objectives: To assess the functional outcome of Bankart repair and rotator cuff repair using miniopen technique in patients with recurrent shoulder dislocation(8 cases) with rotator cuff tears and Bankart lesion of over 40 years. Materials and Methods: From May 1991 to January 2002, twenty two patients were available to participate in the study. Mean age was 52 years old(41-67), Follow-up evaluations averaged 50.5months(10-147). Results: The patients(22 cases) were divided into two groups. Group 1: with recurrent shoulder dislocation(8 cases) with rotator cuff tears and Bankart lesion in patients over 40 years old. Group 2: without Bankart lesion(14 cases). In Group 1, mean average of forward flexion and abduction improved from 122 degrees to 154 degrees at the final follow-up and from 115 degrees to 161 degrees respectively. In terms of University of Pennsylvania patient self-assessment of pain score and VAS, scores improved from 11.0 to 5.5 and from 5.4 to 2.5 respectively. In terms of UCLA score & Constant score, scores also improved from 20.2 to 29.6 and from 48.6 to 69.0 respectively. Functional outcome of Group 1: two patients with excellent, four patients with good, and two patients with fair. Functional outcome of Group 2: two patients with excellent, six patients with good, five patients with fair, and one patient with poor. But they had no statistical significance between the two groups. All cases were improved shoulder pain at the final follow up. And six patients were satisfied with the outcome of shoulder function. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the effectiveness of Bankart repair and rotator cuff repair using miniopen technique in patients with recurrent shoulder dislocation(8 cases) with tears of rotator cuff and Bankart lesion older than 40 years. We recommend Bankart repair and rotator cuff repair at the same time.

목적 : 40대 이상의 중장년층에서 견관절 전방 탈구와 동반된 회전근 개 파열환자에서 예후 인자를 파악하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 1995년 5월부터 1998년 10월까지 내원한 견관절 탈구 후 발견된 회전근 개 파열 12 예의 환자를 대상으로 하였으며, 환자의 연령은 42세에서 67세까지 였고, 이중 2예에서 액와 신경 마비를 보였으며 대결절 골절을 동반하였다. 모든 예에서 회전근 개 파열을 보였으며 파열 범위는 8예가 광범위 파열 3예가 광범위 파열, 1예가 소범위 파열이었다. 결과 : 견관절 탈구와 동반된 회전근 개 파열 환자에서 회전근 개 봉합술을 시행한 결과 불행 삼주징을 동반한 2예를 제외 한 10예에서 UCLA shoulder rating scale 을 이용하여 결과를 판정한 바 양호 이상의 결과를 보였다. 결론 : 중장년층에서 발생한 견관절 탈구의 경우 동반 병변의 확인과 액와신경 손상이 동반된 회전근 개 파열 환자에서 적절한 회전근 개 봉합술 및 액와 신경 손상에 대한 적절한 재활 프로그램이 필요하리라 사료된다.

Object : To evaluate the prognostic factors of the rotator cuff tear after anterior dislocation of the shoulder over the 5th decades of age. Methods : We evaluated twelve patients who had rotator cuff tears combined with primary anterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint between May 1995 and October 1998. Their age were ranged from 42 to 67-years-old. Two of them were initially presumed to have an injury of the axillary nerve and associated with avulsion fracture of the greater tuberosity. Among twelve patients who had rotator cuff tears, 8 cases had massive, 3 cases had medium and one case had a small sized tear. Results : All the tears of the rotator cuff were repaired and the results were obtained by UCLA shoulder rating scale. Ten cases of them revealed more than good results except for 2 cases who had been unhappy triad of the shoulder injury. Conclusions : In the case of anterior dislocation of shoulder, it is necessary to check the injury of rotator cuff and axillary nerve in the middle age group. If these injuries are combined, proper rotator cuff repair and axillary nerve rehabilitation program would be asked for better results.