Earticle

고성 동외동유적에서 출토된 토기 26점에 대한 과학적 분석을 실시한 결과 토기는 운모 류 광물이 검출된 연질토기부터 Cristobalite, Mullite 등의 고온 생성 광물이 검출되는 도질토기 까지 다양한 소성도를 갖는 토기가 확인되었다. 또한 낮은 소성도의 토기는 9.7∼25.8%의 흡수 율이며 내⋅외면, 속심의 채도가 대체로 높은 특성을 보인다. 반면 높은 소성도 토기는 흡수율, 색도 등이 모두 낮게 측정되어 토기의 물리적 특성은 XRD 분석에서 분류한 그룹과 높은 상관 성을 보인다. 소성도가 낮은 토기는 1-1호 환호에서 가장 많이 출토되었으며, 대체로 태토 내에 세립질∼중립질 입자가 포함되어 있고 Rb, Ba, Sr 등의 미량원소 조성이 유사하다. 그러나 희토 류원소 조성에서 두 영역으로 분리되어 분포하여 생산지에 차이가 있음이 확인되었다. 상대적 으로 높은 소성도의 토기는 유리질화된 바탕기질과 적은 비짐 광물이 관찰되고 미량원소 함량 이 연질토기와 큰 차이를 보인다. 희토류원소 조성에서는 분리된 연질토기 조성과 같은 영역에 모두 분포하고 있어 이러한 토기는 소성도와 관계없이 생산지가 같거나 인근한 지역에서 제작 되었을 가능성이 높다. 토기의 고고학적 편년안에 따라 희토류원소 조성을 검토한 결과 AD 250년을 전후한 시기에 동외동유적에 유입된 토기 생산지에 변화가 있었던 것으로 추정된다.

As a result of scientific analysis of 26 pottery excavated from the DongOe-dong site in Goseong, pottery with various firing degrees was confirmed, ranging from low-firing pottery with mica minerals detected to high-firing pottery with high-temperature minerals such as cristobalite and mullite detected. In addition, low-firing pottery has an absorption rate of 9.7∼25.8% and generally shows high saturation value. On the other hand, high-firing pottery has low absorption rate and saturation value, so the physical characteristics of the pottery show a high correlation with the group classified by XRD analysis. Pottery with a low firing degree commonly contains fine-grained mineral particles and has a similar composition of trace elements such as Rb, Ba, and Sr. And they were most abundantly excavated from the No. 1-1 moat. However it was confirmed that there is a difference in the production area because compositions of the rare earth elements are distributed in two areas in the graph. High&intermediate-firing pottery samples are observed to have a vitrified base matrix and relatively less temper minerals. And their contents of Rb, Sr, and Ba are significantly different from low-firing pottery. In the composition of rare earth elements, they are all distributed in same area as one of the separated areas of low-firing pottery, so it is highly likely these pottery were produced in the same or nearby production region regardless of the firing degree. As a result of checking up the composition of rare earth elements according to the archaeological chronology of pottery, it is estimated that there was a change in the production region of the pottery introduced into the DongOe-dong site around 250 AD.

The Ando shell mound is located in the northern tip of Ando at the end of the Yeosu Peninsula, rising eight meters above the sea. The shell mount consists of three layers. Excavations produced four pit grave from Neolithic Age, nine hearths, 11 vertical features, and about 500 articles showing the Neolithic cultural characteristics of the south coast. There were bones of three men and two women found in the tombs. Tomb 3 had five shell bracelets, which can be compared with those excavated at the shell mounds in Kyushu. In addition, earthenware similar to Jomon pottery of Kyushu was excavated, which offers many implications for cultural exchanges between Korea and Japan. There were about 220 stonework pieces made of obsidian that seem to have been imported from Kyushu along with one earring. The articles excavated at the Ando shell mound are judged to be very important for understanding the burial customs and external exchanges between the south coast of the Korean Peninsula and the Kyushu region of Japan.

본 연구는 역사문화자원이 가지는 특성과 공간 구성 요소를 고찰하여 창원특례시 의 대표 역사문화자원인 성산패총(사적 제240호)이 복합유적공간으로서 갖추 어야 할 특성과 조성 방안을 마련하고, 역사문화자원이 가지는 본래 가치를 더욱 객관적으로 판단할 수 있는 기준과 유의미한 자원으로 활용할 수 있는 방법을 제 안하고자 한다. 연구 방법으로 첫째, 역사문화자원의 개념을 정립하고, 역사문화자원의 특성에 대한 실용적 측면의 국내 선행 연구 내용과 보존적 측면의 국제기구 (UNESCO 및 ICOMOS) 규약 내용을 분석하여 핵심 특성을 제시하였다. 둘째, 복합 유적 공간의 구성 요소(하드웨어, 소프트웨어, 휴먼웨어)와 역사문화자원의 특 성 간에 상관관계를 분석하였다. 셋째, 역사문화자원이 갖추어야 할 특성과 역사 문화 공간 요소의 기준에 성산패총이 부합하는지를 판단하기 위해 SWOT 분석과 공간 세부 분석을 진행하여 특성을 종합 평가하였다. 이를 통해 성산패총이 역사 유적으로서의 가치를 재확인함과 동시에 보완점을 파악하고, 복합유적공간으로서 의 기능을 수행하기 위한 조성 방안을 공간 구성 요소별로 제시하였다. 성산패총은 역사문화자원의 특성(진정성, 장소성, 맥락성, 시간성, 가변성, 복합성, 지속가 능성)을 뒷받침하는 하드웨어, 소프트웨어, 휴먼웨어가 체계적으로 구축될 때 고고학적 특성을 보존함과 동시에 해당 유적 공간의 가치를 지역민들과 공유할 수 있 는 복합유적공간으로서의 기능과 역할을 할 수 있다.

This study examines the characteristics and spatial components of historical and cultural resources, prepares the characteristics and creation plans that Seongsan Shell Mound (Historic Site, No. 240), a representative historical and cultural resource of Changwon Special City, should have as a complex site space, and proposes a standard that can more objectively judge the original value of historical and cultural resources and a method that can be used as a meaningful resource. As a research method, first, the concept of historical and cultural resources was established, and the core characteristics were presented by analyzing the contents of domestic previous research on the practical aspect of the characteristics of historical and cultural resources and the contents of the regulations of international organizations (UNESCO and ICOMOS) on the preservation aspect. Second, the correlation between the components (hardware, software, humanware) of the complex relic space and the characteristics of historical and cultural resources was analyzed. Third, in order to determine whether Seongsan Shell Mound meets the characteristics that historical and cultural resources should have and the criteria for historical and cultural space elements, a SWOT analysis and detailed spatial analysis were conducted to comprehensively evaluate the characteristics. Through this, the value of Seongsan Shell Mound as a historical relic was reconfirmed, and at the same time, the areas for improvement were identified, and a development plan for performing the function as a complex relic space was presented for each spatial component. Seongsan Shell Mound can function and play a role as a complex relic space that preserves archaeological characteristics while sharing the value of the relic space with local residents when hardware, software, and humanware that support the characteristics of historical and cultural resources (authenticity, Sense of Place, Contextuality, Temporality, Changeability, complexity, and sustainability) are systematically established.