Earticle

조명제어 시스템은 전등 부하를 효율적으로 관리 및 제어하여 전력 에너지 절감 효과를 도모하는 시스템 이다. 특히 야외의 공원이나 아파트 단지 등 전등의 수가 많고 효율적인 모니터링이 필요한 곳에 필요한 시스템이 다. 최근에는 조명의 밝기와 색상을 제어하여 감성조명을 적용한 시스템 개발이 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 LoRa 기반의 원격제어 기술을 적용한 조명 제어 시스템을 설계하였다. 제안한 시스템의 주목적은 설치된 조명의 상황을 모니터링하고 주변 환경에 따라 조명을 자율적으로 제어하는 데 있다. 본 연구에서 사용한 통신 모듈은 Murata LoRa이며 동작 주파수는 922.1 Mhz를 적용하여 노드 간의 통신을 구현하였다. 제안한 시스템은 야외 온 도와 습도를 실시간으로 측정하여 조명의 밝기 및 색상을 능동적으로 제어할 수 있도록 설계하였다. 실험을 통해 LoRa 기반 야외 조명 제어 시스템의 통신 신호 범위는 최대 120m까지 작동하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

A lighting control system is a system that efficiently manages and controls light loads to promote power and energy saving effects. In particular, it is a necessary system for places where there are many lights, such as outdoor parks or apartment complexes, and efficient monitoring is required. Recently, development of a system that applies emotional lighting by controlling the brightness and color of lighting is being developed. In this paper, a lighting control system using LoRa-based remote control technology was designed. The main purpose of the proposed system is to monitor the status of the installed lighting and autonomously control the lighting according to the surrounding environment. The communication module used in this study is Murata LoRa, and communication between nodes is implemented by applying an operating frequency of 922.1 Mhz. The proposed system is designed to actively control the brightness and color of lighting by measuring outdoor temperature and humidity in real time. Through experiments, it was confirmed that the communication signal range of the LoRa-based outdoor lighting control system operates up to 120m.

통신해양기상위성은 다목적 정지궤도위성으로서 Ka대역 통신탑재체, 기상센서 및 해양센서를 하나의 위성플랫폼에 탑재한 복합위성이다. 본 논문에서는 한국정부의 자금으로 개발되는 첫번째 혁신적인 정지궤도 통신해양기상위성 프로그램에 대해서 소개하고자 한다. 위성플랫폼은 아스트리움의 UROSTAR 3000 통신위성을 기반으로 하고 있으며, 세 개의 다른 탑재체를 효과적으로 수용하기 위하여 화성탐사선 Express를 일부 활용하였다. 세개의 탑재체 중 통신탑재체는 스위칭 다중빔 기술을 검증하고 광대역 멀티미디어 통신서비스를 시험하는데 목적이 있다. 기상센서임무는 고해상도 멀티분광 센서로 지속적으로 한반도 기상데이타를 산출하는데 있으며, 세계 최초의 정지궤도 해양센서는 한반도의 어류자원정보및 장단기 해양정보의 모니터링을 목적으로 하고 있다. 통신임무와 원격탐사임무를 동시에 수행해야 하므로 위성체의 요구사항은 매우 복잡하여 이를 만족시키기 위한 설계 및 조립/시험의 난이도는 매 우 높다고 할 수 있겠다.

COMS satellite is a multipurpose satellite in the geostationary orbit, which accommodates multiple payloads of the Ka band Satellite Communication Payload, Meteorological Imager, and Geostationary Ocean Color Imager into a single spacecraft platform. In this paper, Korea’s first innovative geostationary Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite (COMS) program is introduced which is fully funded by Korean Government. The satellite platform is based on the Astrium EUROSTAR 3000 communication satellite, but creatively combined with MARS Express satellite platform to accommodate three different payloads efficiently for COMS. The goals of the Ka band satellite communication mission are to in-orbit verify the performances of advanced communication technologies and to experiment wide-band multi-media communication service. The Meteorological Imager mission is to continuously extract meteorological products with high resolution and multi-spectral imager, to detect special weather such as storm, flood, yellow sand, and to extract data on long-term change of sea surface temperature and cloud. The Geostationary Ocean Color Imager mission aims at monitoring of marine environments around Korean peninsula, production of fishery information (Chlorophyll, etc.), and monitoring of long-term/short-term change of marine ecosystem. The system design difficulties are in the different kinds of payload mission requirements of communication and remote sensing purposes and how to combine them into one to meet the overall satellite requirements. In this paper, Ka band communication payload system is more highlighted.

본 논문은 지그비 통신 기술을 이용하여 원격지의 냉장고 온도를 실시간으로 모니터링 및 제어 할 수 있는 원격온도 제어 시스템을 개발하였다. 개발된 시스템은 냉장고의 기능(온도 유지 등)을 24시간 감시하며, 원격지에서 모니터링 데이터를 확인이 가능하며 필요시 온도의 설정 값을 변경도 가능하다. 설정된 온도 값을 벗어나면 관리서버에 경보 발생과 미리 설정된 관리자에게 위급상황을 SMS를 전송하여 관리자가 문제점을 확인하고 필요한 조치를 취할 수 있도록 설계하였다. 개발된 시스템을 상업용 및 의료용, 실험용 재료보관용 냉장고에 적용하여 한 대의 MZM(Master Zigbee Module)로 최대 16대의 SZM(Slave Zigbee Module)로 냉장고들의 현재온도와 고장 등 상태를 실시간으로 관리할 수 있다.

In this paper, a remote control system capable of monitoring and controlling the temperature of a refrigerator in real time using the ZigBee communication technology is developed. The developed system provides 24-hour surveillance function including temperature maintenance and it is able to determine monitored data from a remote location and to change the setting of the temperature value. In case the value is out of the setting, it is designed for administrators to verify the problem and take action, sending alarms to management server and the emergency to a preset administrator via SMS. Applying this system to refrigerators storing commercial, medical, and experimental material, the real time status such as temperature and malfunction of refrigerator can be managed up to 16 SZM(Slave Zigbee Module) by only one MZM(Master Zigbee Module).

한전의 저압전송전선로로 이용되고 있는 지중저압접속함은 지중선로의 분기나 접속을 목 으로 하고 있다. 지중저압접속함은 거리의 미관을 고려하는 효용성에 비하여 여름철 집중호우 나 도로의 침수에 의하여 감전사고가 발생하는 등 안전대책이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 지중 저압접속함 내부에 온습도, CO2, 수위, 가속도, 진동 센서를 장착하고 센서 데이터를 지그비 모듈을 이용하여 지상으로 데이터를 전송한다. 지상과의 통신을 위한 안테나(볼티드 안테나) 를 제안하여 이를 통한 데이터 수신을 확인하였다. 전송된 데이터는 LF 모드 및 HEX모드에서 완벽한 수신 성공률이 확인되었으며, 볼티드 안테나는 난환경 사태에서 실험한 결과 지중상태 와 수중상태의 차이는 보이고 있으나, 지중저압접속함으로부터 10m 정도 떨어진 지상과의 통 신에는 충분히 수신감도라고 판단되었다. 수신된 데이터는 PC기반의 GUI를 통해 확인할 수 있었다.

The low-voltage connection box used as a low-voltage transmission line of KEPCO is intended to branch or connect to an underground line. In comparison with the utility considering the aesthetics of the distance, and safety measures are needed. In this paper, temperature and humidity, CO2, water level, acceleration, and vibration sensor are installed inside the underground low voltage handhole, and the sensor data is transmitted to the ground using the Zigbee module. Antenna (Bolted Antenna) for communication with the ground was proposed and the data reception through it was confirmed. In the LF mode and the HEX mode, the transmitted data was confirmed to be a perfect reception success rate. In the case of the bolted antenna, the difference between the ground state and the underwater state was observed as a result of the experiment in the environmental environment. However, It was judged that reception sensitivity was sufficient for communication. The received data could be confirmed through PC based GUI.

SCADA is a concept that is used to refer to the management and procurement of data that can be used in developing process management criteria. The use of the term SCADA varies, depending on location. Conventionally, SCADA is connected only in a limited private network. Later on, SCADA was connected through the internet. There are studies and emerging technology on controlling SCADA via mobile phone. The wireless communication between the mobile phone and the SCADA server can be performed by means of a base station via general packet radio service (GPRS) and wireless application protocol (WAP). The internet SCADA facility and the extension of the HMI to mobile phones has brought a lot of advantages in terms of control, data generation and viewing. As a drawback, come the security issues. In this paper, we discuss web SCADA and its connectivity, the extended HMI to the mobile phones and the issues regarding security. We also suggested a security solution using asymmetric-key encryption.

The main objective of this work is to design and construct a PoE switch based system: to control electric appliances such as light, fan, heater, washing machine, motor, TV, etc. and simultaneously data communication facility. Especially PoE switch can manage power and data separately by a splitter which motivated the need to research into it not only for industrial application but also for domestic use or home use. Power is use for controlling devices and data is for communication purpose. This system will play an important role for the elderly and physically disabled people to control their home appliances in intuitive and flexible way through Wi-Fi and internet. This system is password protected so only authorized person can control any sensitive electrical appliances. Most commercially available home automation systems are used only for control purpose. But by our proposed PoE based system we can control electrical appliances as well as data communication by the same switch port.

선박 평형수는 해양 유기체와 함께 타 지역의 바다에 배출되며, 이는 해양 생태계 교란을 야기했다. 이 환경 적 위험 요인을 제거하기 위하여 IMO에서는 모든 선박에 선박 평형수 처리 시스템(BWTS)의 장착을 의무화 하였다. 모니터링 시스템은 여러 해양에 흩어져 있는 선박으로부터 수집된 BWTS의 센서 정보를 분석함으로써 BWTS의 고장을 진단하고 예측한다. 본 논문은 위성 통신 비용을 고려한 BWTS 원격 모니터링 시스템의 통신 프레임웍에 대한 설계 및 구현을 제시한다. 본 연구에서는 랩뷰 프로그램에 의하여 안전하고 비용 절감을 위한 통신 모듈을 구현하였는데, 수집된 센서 정보는 RIO에서 수행되는 랩뷰 모듈을 통하여 암호화되고 압축되어 육지 통신 서버로 전송되며, 모니터링 가능하도록 복호화를 한다. 결과를 검증하기 위하여 수집된 센서 데이터를 모니터링 서버가 사용하기까지의 과정을 모니터링 하는 실험 모듈을 제작하였고, 모든 경위의 데이터 형식에 대하여 20번의 실험을 수행한 결과 기능성과 신뢰성에서 우수함을 증명하였다.

The ballast water may be discharged into another sea area with marine organisms, it caused problems to disturb the marine ecosystem. So, in order to remove these environmental risk factors, the IMO has mandated the installation of BWTS to the all ships. Our monitoring system diagnose and predict a failure of BWTS by analyzing the sensor information of BWTS collected from which the ships scattered in the ocean of several. This paper presents the design and implementation of communication modules for BWTS remote monitoring considering the satellite communication charge fee. In the our study, we implemented the safety and cost-saving communication modules by LabVIEW program. The collected sensor informations is encrypted and compressed by LabVIEW modules running on RIO. Then they will be transfer to the land server and will be decrypt to enable monitoring in the land server. For the verification, we build the test modules which can verify from collecting the sensor data to consuming them in the monitoring server. We carried out 20 times for the data pattern in all of case. So, we verified the excellent functionality and reliability through the experimental result.

The main contents of this paper is to design a system that can remote control the most of the LED lighting device in the market. In order to realize the device driver, we choose the communication mode Zigbee, PLC, RS232 and RS485. Using client-server system, LED lighting device can be controlled just through web browser.

Protected crop production has been popular in Korea as well as in other countries. Intensive and continuous monitoring and control of the environment, which is labor- and time-consuming, is critical for stable crop productivity and profitability, otherwise damage could be happened due to unfavorable ambient and soil conditions. In the study, potential utilization of smartphone and remote access application in protected crop production environment was investigated. Tested available remote access applications provided functions of mouse click (left and right buttons), zooming in and out, and screen size and color resolution control. Wi-Fi data communication speeds were affected by signal intensity and user place. Data speeds at high (> -55 dBm), medium (-70~-56 dBm), and low (< -71 dBm) signal intensity levels were statistically different (${\alpha}=0.05$). Means of data communication speed were 6.642, 4.923, and 2.906 Mbps at hot spot, home, and office, respectively, and the differences were significant at a 0.05 level. Smart phone and remote access application were applied successfully to remote monitoring (inside temperature and humidity, and outside precipitation, temperature, and humidity) and control (window and light on/off) of green house environment. Response times for monitoring and control were less than 1 s at all places for high signal intensity (> -55 dBm), but they were increased to 1 ~ 10 s at home and office and to 10 ~ 30 s at hot spot for low signal intensity (< -71 dBm) for Wi-Fi. Results of the study would provide useful information for farmers to apply these techniques for their crop production.

If a mobile robot can be controlled remotely via the internet using wireless IP protocol network, it becomes much useful and convenient. However risk of illegal access is also increased. This paper discusses problems of the illegal access and proposes protection methods against the access.

This paper presents a new method to obtain more stable and precise A/D conversion for remote sensing use. Hardware is designed to compensate offset voltage and drift & temperature characteristics, as well as to perform dual slop A/D converter by using single chip microprocessor. Serial communication program which is based on ASCII code commands is also developed to add initial setup & calibration functions as well as to perform A/D data communication. Proposed method will give a good applications to the industrial field where a high precision remote sensing is required.

Wireless technology has enabled farmers monitor and control protected production environment more efficiently. Utilization of USN (Ubiquitous Sensor Network) devices also brought benefits due to reduced wiring and central data handling requirements. However, wireless communication loses signal under unfavorable conditions (e.g., blocked signal path, low signal intensity). In this paper, performance of commercial wireless communication devices were evaluated for application to protected crop production. Two different models of wireless communication devices were tested. Sensors used in the study were weather units installed outside and top of a greenhouse (wind velocity and direction, precipitation, temperature and humidity), inside ambient condition units (temperature, humidity, $CO_2$, and light intensity), and irrigation status units (irrigation flow and pressure, and soil water content). Performance of wireless communication was evaluated with and without crop. For a 2.4 GHz device, communication distance was decreased by about 10% when crops were present between the transmitting and receiving antennas installed on the ground, and the best performance was obtained when the antennas were installed 2 m above the crop canopy. When tested in a greenhouse, center of a greenhouse was chosen as the location of receiving antenna. The results would provide information useful for implementation of wireless environment monitoring system for protected crop production using USN devices.

PLC (Power Line Communication) is the communication method using the existing power line installed in houses and offices to convert and transmit high frequency communication signal from tens of KHz to tens of MHz, and receive the filtered signal using high frequency filter. The advantage of PLC is that PLC uses the existing power line installed in houses and offices so it does not require separate power line. Easy and convenient access using electric outlets is another advantage of PLC. However, PLC has some disadvantages such as limited transmission power, high load interference and noise, variable signal attenuation, characteristic of impedance selective possibility of frequency property. This study designed the boiler temperature control system by unit using the modem designed on the basis of technology used for PLC modem, and designed remote control system using internet. After conducting experiments with those two systems, it was possible to control stably. By commercializing this product, we can avoid unnecessary heating of separate temperature control unit, and save the cost according1y, and it is possible to control on a remote site using internet in a more convenient way.

This paper describes a remote monitoring system of temperature control for cold-storage of farm produce. In cold-storage, it is important that farm produces are stored as fresh. Unfortunately, when an operator goes out from the cold-storage, the temperature could be changed due to the various reasons, for an example, a valve of cooler is broken. The temperature change results in a serious problem of the quality of farm produce. To prevent the problem, the operator has to look to the current state of the temperature of the cold-storage, even he is in long away. Thus, the monitoring system to show the temperature is required to the operator who can move away. Therefore, this paper describes the remote monitoring system of the temperature. The proposed system is expected to help the operator's facilities, and the management of farm produce.

In this paper, we present a remote control strategy for vehicles moving in an intelligent Vehicle Highway System(IVHS). We study a method for optimal off-line scheduling of a limited communication channel that is used for lead vehicle control in a platoon. The deviated distance from the desired trajectory is used for defining a cost functional that measures the performance of the system with communication constraints in relation to the desired system without communication constraints. The optimal communication sequence is obtained by simulations.

The research for development of remote monitoring and control systems composed three stages of research categories. At the first stage, we decided the suitable instrumentation devices for interface between H/W systems and waste water treatment facility. And at the second stage, we developed the software package for remote monitoring and data transmission system including data receipt system via wired telephone line. At the final stage we developed local control system for auto-process control of waste water treatment facilities. For the first stage of research we developed the a drawing of design the instrumentation and selected optimal sensors or monitoring basic important data. After the first stage research we developed the software package with Graphic User Interface(GUI) ...

Massive diffusion of information and communication technologies prompted the rise of a new concept called remote interpreting. Remote interpreting denotes a situation where the interpreter is located away from the interlocutors but communicates via a technology that enables audiovisual contact and appearance on-screen. While remote interpreting offers a number of advantages to both interpreters as well as conference organizers and companies, the lack of visual components may inhibit rapport building among communicating parties and generate uncertainty. This study investigates remote interpreting as the possible solution to communication needs at conferences. The study looks into how the interpreting situation is affected by distance and how interpreters deal with difficulties caused by such peculiarity. The findings show that while ICT advances supports utilization of remote interpreting, interpreters need to find strategies to deal with low visibility and control over communication situation and secure channels for more active cooperation among interpreting parties.

본 논문에서는 온도변화에 둔감한 전기적 특성을 가지는 원격무선통신시스템용 듀플렉서 모듈을 제안하였다. 지상에서 자유공간을 비행하는 유도탄에 유도정보를 송신하기 위한 시스템에서의 듀플렉서 모듈은 높은 내전력 특성뿐만 아니라, 낮은 삽입손실, 높은 송수신대역 상호격리도, 고조파 성분 억제 기능이 요구된다. 제안된 듀플렉서 모듈은 하나의 안테나 포트로 연결되는 송신대역 대역통과필터와 수신대역 대역통과필터, 송신측 출력전력을 점검하는 평면형 커플러, 전력증폭기 및 동축 공동 공진기의 고조파 성분들을 감쇠하기 위한 저역통과필터로 구성된다. 온도변화에 따른 주파수 편이량을 최소로 설계하기 위해 공진기의 재질과 치수를 3D EM 시뮬레이션을 통해 결정하였다. 제작품의 측정결과와 시뮬레이션 결과가 잘 부합하였고, 유도무기체계뿐만 아니라, 소형 기지국시스템과 같은 민수분야에도 적용이 가능하리라 판단된다.

In this paper, A duplexer module with temperature-insensitive electrical characteristics was proposed for remote wireless communication system. Duplexer modules are required to have performances of low insertion loss, high isolation between transmitted band and received band, harmonic suppression as well as high power durability in the system for transmitting guided information to missile flying a free space on the ground. The proposed duplexer module are consist of transmission bandpass filter and receiving bandpass filter which are connected to common antenna port, planar coupler for output power monitoring and low pass filter for harmonic attenuation of power amplifier and coaxial cavity resonator. The material and dimensions of the resonator are determined for minimum frequency shift by temperature variation using 3D EM simulation. The measured results of the prototype showed a good agreement with the simulation results, and it should be well applied not only for guided weapon systems but also for any other communication systems such as remote radio head.