Earticle

본 연구는 이단 종파에 소속되어 있다가 이탈한 이탈자들을 대상으로 그들의 회복 요인에 관한 주제로 연구가 진행되었다. 이탈자들이 이탈 이후 회복에 중점을 둔 부 분은 삶의 회복과 신앙적 회복, 그리고 심리적 회복이었다. 이탈자들이 회복하는 과정 가운데 교회에서 받은 지원은 이단 상담과 성경공부를 통한 교리적 도움이었으며 교 회 내 성도들을 통한 수용과 격려, 그리고 하나님이 자신의 개인적인 삶을 통해 회복 시키심을 경험할 수 있었다. 이탈 이후 삶의 변화요인으로는 올바른 신앙생활과 편안 한 삶이었으며 하나님에 대한 이해와 기대감, 그리고 가족에 대한 소중함과 삶에 대 한 감사함으로 나타났다. 이탈자들이 바라는 교회의 역할은 이단 종파에 빠지기 전 성도들을 위한 철저한 예방교육과 성경공부를 요구하였으며 이탈자들에 대한 이해와 지지, 그리고 교회에 적응할 수 있도록 적극적인 도움을 원했다. 또한 이단 상담과 더 불어 이탈자들의 내면의 상처를 치유할 수 있는 상담적 지원도 필요함을 말함으로써 이단 상담과 심리상담이 교회 안에 체계적으로 구축되어야 함을 알 수 있었다. 이에 연구자는 이탈자들과 그들의 가족이 회복될 수 있는 실질적인 세 가지 치 유모델을 제안함으로써 올바른 신앙관의 회복과 가족과의 관계를 해결할 수 있는 대 안을 제시하였다. 먼저 이단 상담을 통해 이단의 실체와 심각성, 그리고 교리에 대한 반증 교육을 통해 신앙관의 회복을 도울 수 있다. 두 번째로, 개인 회복 상담을 통해 자신과 문제를 분리하고 부정적 경험의 재해석과 타인과의 관계를 통한 삶의 연합을 이룰 수 있도록 도울 수 있다. 세 번째, 가족 회복 상담을 통해 치유와 회복을 위한 신앙적 가정의 탐색 및 갈등 해결 방법과 가정 안에 하나님의 나라를 세우기 위한 비 전 로드맵을 구성하는 것이다. 한국교회는 이단 종파에서 이탈하는 이탈자들에 대한 관심을 지속적으로 가져야 하며 이들이 교회에 적응할 수 있도록 다양한 회복프로그 램을 통한 접근방식으로 도움을 주어야 할 것이다.

This study was conducted on the subject of recovery factors for those who left after belonging to a heretical sect. The part that the defectors focused on recovery after leaving was the recovery of life, religious recovery, and psychological recovery. In the process of recovery, the breakaways received doctrinal help through heresy counseling and Bible study, and they were able to experience acceptance and encouragement through church members, and God's restoration through their personal lives. The factors of change in life after the departure were correct religious life and comfortable life, understanding and anticipation of God, and the importance of family and gratitude for life. The role of the church that the breakaways wanted was thorough preventive education and Bible study for the saints before they fell into heretical sects, and they wanted to understand and support the breakaways and actively help them adapt to the church. Also, by talking about the need for heresy counseling and counseling support to heal the inner wounds of the defectors, it was found that heresy counseling and psychological counseling should be systematically established in the church. In response, the researcher proposed three practical healing models that can restore the defectors and their families, suggesting an alternative to recovering the right view of faith and resolving the relationship with the family. First, through heresy counseling, it is possible to help restore the view of faith through disproving education on the reality and seriousness of heresy and doctrine. Second, personal recovery counseling can help you separate yourself from your problems, reinterpret negative experiences, and achieve life unity through relationships with others. Third, through family recovery counseling, the search for a religious family for healing and recovery, conflict resolution methods, and the construction of a vision roadmap to establish the kingdom of God in the family. The Korean church should continue to pay attention to those who break away from heretical denominations and help them adapt to the church through various recovery programs.

본 연구의 목적은 정신장애인의 삶의 질과 회복의 정도 및 관계를 파악하고 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하기 위한 것이다. 자료수집 기간은 2013년 5월 20일부터 5월 27일까지였고, 조사 대상은 정신장애인 310명 이었으며 연구도구는 삶의 질, 회복 척도였다. 자료분석은 SPSS/WIN 18.0 프로그램을 이용하여 기술통계, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation 상관분석, 다중회귀분석으로 분석하였다. 분석결과 정신장애인의 삶의 질과 회복의 정도는 중간보다 낮았고, 회복(β=.66, p<.001)과 월 평균 수입(β=.09, p=.039)이 삶의 질에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 통하여 회복의 수준을 높이고 더불어 삶의 질의 수준도 높일 수 있는 프로그램을 개발해야 할 것으로 사료된다.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify degree of quality of life and recovery of mental disorder, to determine the factors affecting the quality of life. Methods: The data were collected from May 20 to 27 2013. Data were collected by questionaire from 310 individuals with mental disorder. The instruments for this study were Happy-Quality of Life Scale(Happy-QoL), Recovery. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, multiple linear regression with the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. Results: The degree of quality of life and recovery of mental disorder were lower than in the middle. The significant factors influencing quality of life were recovery(β=.66, p<.001) and average monthly household income(β=.09, p=.039). Conclusion: It is necessary to develop the program that increasing the level of recovery and quality of life.

Objective To investigate the prognostic factors predicting the recovery of pre-fracture functional mobility, we evaluated this by the use of ambulatory assistive devices in short-term follow-up.Methods Five hundred and fifty-three elderly patients who had undergone hip fracture operations from January 2006 to June 2013 were enrolled in this retrospective study. Clinical characteristics and predicted factors affecting functional recovery, such as the delay of rehabilitation after the operation, were reviewed. The functional status of the gait was classified as either a bedridden state, wheelchair-bound state, walker gait, single cane gait, and self-gait without any ambulatory assistance device. When this functional grade in patients who recovered after the surgery was compared to before the surgery, this state was considered ‘functional recovery’.Results One hundred and ninety-two patients (34.7%) showed recovery of preoperative mobility in the first month after their operation. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified that the following four factors were significantly associated with a deterioration of functional recovery: old age (odds ratio [OR], 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.92?0.97), delays in rehabilitation after operation (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.89?0.98), the presence of cognitive dysfunction (OR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.18?0.71), and trochanteric fracturing (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.36?0.94).Conclusion We found that old age, cognitive dysfunction, trochanteric fracture type, and delay of rehabilitation were associated with the deterioration of functional recovery after a hip fracture operation in the short-term. Therefore, early rehabilitation was required to acquire functional recovery after a hip fracture operation in the short-term.

Objective: To identify factors associated with swallowing recovery in patients with dysphagia after ischemic stroke. Methods: Patients admitted to Kangbuk Samsung Hospital from 2011 to 2019 for first acute ischemic stroke and dysphagia, as confirmed by a videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS), were enrolled in this retrospective study. Patients whose Dysphagia Outcome and Severity Scale (DOSS) level was ＜6 as determined by VFSS were monitored in a dysphagia clinic and additional VFSS was performed periodically until one year after stroke. Follow-up was discontinued when the DOSS level reached 6 or 7. The main study outcomes were full recovery and tube removal rate. Cox regression analysis was used to identify prognostic factors of dysphagia. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to generate curves of the proportions of patients that achieved full recovery. Results: One hundred and thirteen patients were enrolled. Multivariate analysis showed that only initial DOSS was significantly associated with swallowing recovery (13.0% for non-oral feeding vs. 35.6 % for a modified diet). Conclusion: Initial swallowing status (as determined by VFSS findings) is strongly associated with swallowing recovery in post-ischemic stroke patients. Assessments of dysphagia are important for predicting dysphagia recovery and planning management strategies.

Objective To investigate longitudinal changes in language function in left-hemispheric ischemic stroke patients as well as factors that influence language recovery until 1 year after stroke onset. Methods We analyzed data from 235 patients with first-ever left-hemispheric ischemic stroke. All patients completed the Korean version of the Frenchay Aphasia Screening Test (K-FAST) at 7 days (T1), 3 months (T2), 6 months (T3), and 1 year (T4) after stroke onset. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to investigate changes in language function between time points. Subgroup analysis was performed according to the K-FAST scores at T1. Stroke lesion volume was assessed using diffusion tensor images, and involvement of language-related brain regions was examined. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze factors influencing improvement of K-FAST score. Results The K-FAST scores at T1, T2, T3, and T4 differed significantly (p<0.05). In the subgroup analysis, only the severe group showed continuous significant improvement by 1 year. Factors that negatively influenced improvement of language function were the age at onset, initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, and initial K-FAST score, whereas education level and stroke lesion volume positively affected recovery. Involvement of language-related brain regions did not significantly influence long-term language recovery after ischemic stroke. Conclusion Recovery of language function varied according to the severity of the initial language deficit. The age at stroke onset, education level, initial severity of aphasia, initial NIHSS score, and total stroke lesion volume were found to be important factors for recovery of language function.

Objective To investigate the factors related to upper extremity functional improvement following inhibitory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in stroke patients.Methods Forty-one stroke patients received low-frequency rTMS over the contralesional hemisphere according to a standard protocol, in addition to conventional physical and occupational therapy. The rTMS-treated patients were divided into two groups according to their responsiveness to rTMS measured by the self-care score of the Korean version of Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI): responded group (n=19) and non-responded group (n=22). Forty-one age-matched stroke patients who had not received rTMS served as controls. Neurological, cognitive and functional assessments were performed before rTMS and 4 weeks after rTMS treatment.Results Among the rTMS-treated patients, the responded group was significantly younger than the non-responded group (51.6±10.5 years and 65.5±13.7 years, respectively; p=0.001). Four weeks after rTMS, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, the Brunnstrom recovery stage and upper extremity muscle power scores were significantly more improved in the responded group than in the control group. Besides the self-care score, the mobility score of the K-MBI was also more improved in the responded group than in the non-responded group or controls. Conclusion Age is the most obvious factor determining upper extremity functional responsiveness to low-frequency rTMS in stroke patients.

Objective To determine factors associated with motor recovery of the upper extremity after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment in stroke patients.Methods Twenty-nine patients with subacute stroke participated in this study. rTMS was applied to the hand motor cortex for 10 minutes at a 110% resting motor threshold and 10 Hz frequency for two weeks. We evaluated the biographical, neurological, clinical, and functional variables, in addition to the motor-evoked potential (MEP) response. The Manual Function Test (MFT) was performed before, immediately after, and two weeks after, the treatment. Patients were divided into a responder and non-responder group according to their respective improvements on the MFT. Data were compared between the two groups.Results Patients with exclusively subcortical stroke, absence of aphasia, the presence of a MEP response, high scores on the Mini-Mental Status Examination, Motricity Index arm score, Functional Independence Measure, and Functional Ambulatory Classification; and a shorter period from stroke onset to rTMS were found to be significantly associated with a response to rTMS. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that rTMS may have a greater effect on upper extremity motor recovery in stroke patients who have a MEP response, suffer an exclusively subcortical stroke, mild paresis, and have good functional status. Applying rTMS early would have additional positive effects in the patients with the identified characteristics.

Background: Despite fall prevention strategies suggested by researchers, falls are still a major health concern in older adults. Understanding factors that differentiate successful versus unsuccessful balance recovery may help improve the prevention strategies. Objects: The purpose of this review was to identify biomechanical factors that differentiate successful versus unsuccessful balance recovery in the event of a fall. Methods: The literature was searched through Google Scholar and PubMed. The following keywords were used: 'falls,' 'protective response,' 'protective strategy,' 'automated postural response,' 'slips,' 'trips,' 'stepping strategy,' 'muscle activity,' 'balance recovery,' 'successful balance recovery,' and 'failed balance recovery.' Results: A total of 64 articles were found and reviewed. Most of studies included in this review suggested that kinematics during a fall was important to recover balance successfully. To be successful, appropriate movements were required, which governed by several things depending on the direction and characteristics of the fall. Studies also suggested that lower limb muscle activity and joint moments were important for successful balance recovery. Other factors associated with successful balance recovery included fall direction, age, appropriate protective strategy, overall health, comorbidity, gait speed, sex and anticipation of the fall. Conclusion: This review discusses biomechanical factors related to successful versus unsuccessful balance recovery to help understand falls. Our review should help guide future research, or improve prevention strategies in the area of fall and injuries in older adults.

Objective The purpose of this study is to investigate predictors of crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD), and the effects of CCD on functional outcomes including motor function, activities of daily living, cognitive function, and ambulation 6 months after onset in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methods A total of 74 patients experiencing their first ICH were recruited. If the asymmetric index was more than 10% using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), a diagnosis of CCD was confirmed. Clinical factors were retrospectively assessed by reviewing medical records. Radiologic factors encompassed the concomitance of intraventricular hemorrhage, side and location of the lesion, and hemorrhage volume. Functional outcomes were evaluated using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment, the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Korean version of the Modified Barthel Index, and measurement of the Functional Ambulatory Category at the time of SPECT measurement and 6 months post-ICH. Results Lesion location, especially in the basal ganglia (odds ratio [OR]=6.138, p=0.011), and hemorrhagic volume (OR=1.055, p=0.046) were independent predictors for CCD according to multivariate logistic regression analysis. In addition, the presence of CCD was significantly related to the improvement in Fugl-Meyer Assessment score after 6 months (adjusted R2=0.152, p=0.036). Conclusion Lesion location and hemorrhagic volume were the predisposing factors for CCD, and the CCD was associated with poor motor recovery over 6 months in patients with hemorrhagic stroke.

본 연구는 AA에 참여중인 알코올중독자의 회복효과에 영향을 미치는 다양한 변수들을 찾아서 이 변수들 간의 영향정도를 비교 검증하는 것이다. 본 연구는 목적적 표집방법으로 국내 A.A.모임 참가 자들을 표집하여 그중 554명을 분석하였다. 분석 결과 알코올중독자의 삶의 온전한 변화와 관련된 회복효과, 그리고 그 하위요인인 신체적, 사회적, 정신적 회복효과에 있어서 가족지지, 직업, 학력 등의 일반적 특성이 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 드러났다. 또한 A.A.몰입도가 회복에 더 큰 영향을 미치고 있었고, 단주효능감과 자아존중감이 회복에 가장 크게 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 파악되었다. 이 연구결과를 토대로 알코올중독자의 회복을 증진시키기 위한 이론적, 실천적 함의에 대해 논하였고 A.A.활성화와 12단계 촉진 프로그램 등 재발예방 프로그램, 스트레스 관리와 심리적 지지, 가족지지, 직업재활 등의 구체적인 실천적 방안들을 제언하였다.

The purpose of this study is to find out various variables that affect the recovery of alcoholic addicts participating in A.A. meetings and compare the effects of these variables. In this study, a purposive sampling method was applied to recruit the sample A.A. participants in South Korea and the data for 554 participants were analyzed. The results of the analysis revealed that their general characteristics including family support, occupation, and educational background had positive effects on the recovery as a holistic change in the alcoholics’ life and its sub-factors such as physical, social and mental recovery. In addition, A.A. commitment had a great influence on recovery, along with the sense of self-efficacy and self-esteem. Based on the results of this study, theoretical and practical implications were discussed for improving the recovery of alcoholics, as well as specific practical measures such as recurrence prevention programs, stress management and psychological support, family support and vocational rehabilitation.

이 연구의 목적은 마약류 중독 성소수자들의 회복 요인들을 심층적으로 탐구하는 데있다. 연구 목적을 달성하기 위해 마약류 중독에서 회복 중인 성소수자 7명을 연구 참여자로 선정하고 서면조사와 초점집단면담을 통해 자료를 수집했다. 수집된 자료는Krueger와 Casey(2015)가 제안한 지속적인 비교 방법을 활용해 분석했다. 분석 결과, 마약류 중독 성소수자들의 회복에 도움이 된 요인은 ‘신과의 만남’, ‘내면화된 LGBT 혐오 극복’, ‘다른 마약류 중독 성소수자를 돕는 마음’, ‘함께 회복 중인 동료 성소수자의지지’, ‘마약류 중독 성소수자인 나를 지지해 주는 가족’, ‘성소수자 SNS 커뮤니티 및인터넷 사이트 유혹 차단’, ‘성소수자에 대해 이해하고 있는 전문가’, ‘성정체성을 오픈할 수 있는 치료 공간’으로 구분할 수 있었다. 연구자들은 연구 결과를 바탕으로 종교단체의 성소수자에 대한 포용성 강화, 내면화된 LGBT 혐오 극복을 위한 치료, LGBT 동료 회복자 지지체계 구축, 마약류 중독 성소수자의 가족에 대한 교육, 성소수자 온라인 커뮤니티 모니터링, 중독재활 전문가 대상 성소수자 이해 교육, 성정체성을 오픈할수 있는 치료 공간 제공 같은 몇 가지 실천 및 정책적 대안을 제시했다.

This study explored the rehabilitation factors of LGBT people addicted to drugs. Participants included seven LGBT people recuperating from drug addiction. Data were collected via written reports and group in-depth interviews, and analyzed using the continued comparison method proposed by Krueger and Casey (2015). Factors facilitating the recovery of drugaddicted LGBT people included: “connecting with God,” “overcoming internalized LGBT stigma,” “helping other drug-addicted LGBT people,” “backing of fellow LGBT people recovering together,” “family that supports me, who is drug-addicted LGBT,” “precluding the temptation of LGBT communities and internet areas,” “experts who understand LGBT people,” and “treatment spaces that can open up their sexual identity.” Based on the findings, the study offered practical and policy alternatives, such as, fostering religious societies’ inclusiveness toward the LGBT community, suggestions to mitigate interiorized anti-LGBT sentiments, establishing support systems for LGBT counterparts, education for families of sexual minorities addicted to drugs, observing the online community of LGBT people, providing LGBT-related education to addiction rehabilitation specialists, and providing a treatment space where individuals could open up regarding gender identity.

정신의료기관과 정신요양시설에 입원(소)하고 있는 정신장애인들 대상 실증연구는 매우 적다. 따라서 이들의 회복인식 및 영향요인에 대한 연구는 제한적이고, 회복인식 영향요인들이 연령대에 따라 차이가 있는지에 대해서는 더욱 알려진 바가 없다. 본 연구는 (1) 입원(소) 정신장애인의 회복인식과 관련된 요인들을 살펴보고, (2) 회복 인식 영향 요인이 연령에 따라 차이가 있는지 살펴본다. 연구 참여자는 2021년 국가인권위원회 정신장애인 실태조사에 참여한 정신의료기관 및 정신요양시설 입원(소) 정신장애인 145명이다. 분석을 통해 (1) 입(원)소 정신장애인 당사자의 회복 인식 영향요인을 인구사회학적 변인들과 퇴원준비 요인 중심으로 살펴보고, (2) 회복 인식 영향 요인들이 60세 미만 및 60세 이상 집단 간에 차이가 있는지 살펴보았다. 주요결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 배우자가 있고, 장애등록을 하고, 교육수준이 높고, 퇴원계획 상담을 받은 당사자들의 회복인식이 높았고, 당사자의 지역사회 정신건강시설에 대한 인지 수준이 높을수록 회복 인식수준도 높았다. 둘째, 다집단 분석결과 60세 미만에서는 유병기간이 길수록 회복인식이 높은 반면, 60세 이상에서는 유병기간에 따른 회복인식 차이는 유의하지 않았다. 60세 이하에서는 성별에 따른 회복인식 차이가 없는 반면, 60세 이상에서는 남성의 회복인식이 여성에 비해 유의하게 낮았다. 당사자의 지역사회 정신건강인식과 퇴원계획 상담여부는 모든 연령대에서 회복에 미치는 중요한 영향요인으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 기반으로 정신장애인의 회복증진을 위한 이론적, 실천적 함의를 논의하였다.

There are very few studies on individuals with psychiatric disabilities (IPD) who are admitted to mental hospital and mental care facilities. Therefore, very little is known about the perception of recovery and its related factors, and much less in known about whether the related factors vary by age. This study examines (1) the factors related to the perception of recovery, and (2) whether the related factors vary by age. Study sample include 145 IPD who participated in the ‘2021 National Human Rights Commission Survey’ on IPD in psychiatric hospitals or care facilities. Through the analysis, we examined (1) the factors related to the recovery with a specific focus on discharge-preparation of IPD controlling for demographics and clinical background variables, and (2) whether the influencing factors vary by age group between 60 or less and 60 and over. Key findings are as follows. First. the IPD with a spouse, disability registration, higher education, discharge plans, and higher awareness of community facilities presented higher levels of recovery. Second, the multi-group analysis showed that the longer duration of mental illnesses (MI) was significantly associated with the higher perception of recovery for those aged 60 or less, while the duration of MI was not significantly associated with recovery perception for those aged 60 and over. There was no gender difference in recovery perception for those 60 or less, but men's recovery perception was significantly lower than that of women for those 60 and over. The perception of community mental health and the experience of discharge-preparation counseling were identified very influential factors of recovery for both age groups. Based on these results, the theoretical and practical implication were discussed for promoting recovery of IPD in mental hospitals and care facilities.

Objective: To determine the time period and factors inhibiting recovery of orthostatic hypotension during head up tilt with ischemic stroke patients.Method: Fourty two ischemic stroke patients with orthostatic hypotension were included. Blood pressure and heart rate were taken after resting in the supine position for 10 minutes and again after standing for one minute every week. Age, gender, body mass index, laboratory findings, diabetes mellitus, anti-hypertensive use, side of involved hemisphere and K-MBI were obtained.Results: The numbers of orthostatic hypotension patients were significantly decreased at 3rd week. Non recovering group until 3rd week were older in age and had higher plasma creatinine level. On the other hand, body mass index and K-MBI were lower than the group without orthostatic hypotention. Multivariate analysis revealed that age, body mass index, anti-hypertensive medication were independently associated factors for resistant orthostatic hypotension during head up tilt.Conclusion: For 7 weeks, especially at 3rd week, the numbers of orthostatic hypotension patients significantly decreased. Age, BMI, and antihypertensive medication were inhibitiing factors for recovery of orthostatic hypotension.

본 연구는 고문을 경험한 북한이탈주민들을 대상으로 그들의 인구사회학적 요인, 정신건강ㆍ개인의 성격적 요인, 사회적ㆍ경제적 요인들이 고문으로 인한 외상 후 충격에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 밝혀 봄으로써 난민이주자를 접촉하는 정신건강전문가로서 인식해야할 치료적 요인들을 확인하고 실천적 기술을 제시하고자 하였다. 결과적으로 여성인 경우, 연령이 많을수록, 북한에 자녀가 있는 경우, 만성질병의 수가 증가할수록, 과거 북한이나 중국에서 결혼 경험이 있는 경우 고문으로 인한 외상 후 충격에 유의한 차이를 보였다. 또한 우울, 반추, 자기효능감, 탄력성, 안정애착, 남한사람의 사회적 지지, 경제적 걱정이 고문으로인한 외상 후 충격에 영향을 미치는 예측요인으로 밝혀졌다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 정신건강전문가와 고문 외상을 경험한 북한이탈주민 클라이언트와의 치료적 관계 형성의 중요성과 치유과정을 함축적으로 제시하였다.

The purpose of this study was to find out correlation and predictors of recovery predictive factors for North Korean refugees experienced torture in South Korea. This survey was conducted on 205 North Korean refugees with questions on socio-demographic variables, mental health & personality variables, and social & economical variables. The influence of these variables was analysed. Result indicated that sex, age, disease, child living in the North, marriage experience in the North and the China were associated with post-traumatic stress of torture. Also, depression, rumination, self-efficacy, resilience, secure-attachment, social support from the South,economic difficulties predicted the recovery for North Korean refugees with torture experience. Finally, clinical intervention with healing relationship and human rights for North Korean refugees were discussed.

본 연구는 정신장애인의 회복과 관련한 영향요인과 가족탄력성의 조절효과를 실증적으로 분석하고자 하였다. 이에 생 심리 사회관점과 생태체계관점을 토대로, 선행연구를 통해 개인적 사회적 요인의 긍정적 부정적 요소를 모두 고려한 연구모형을 구축하고, 이들 요인들의 인과적 효과와 함께 가족탄력성의 조절효과에 대해 통계적 유의미성을 확인하였다. 조사대상은 정신장애인 관련기관 이용자 112명으로, 자료수집방법은 구조화된 설문지를 통한 면접조사로 이루어졌으며, 분석방법은 다중회귀분석을 적용하였다. 분석결과, 증상을 제외한 자아존중감과 사회적 낙인, 사회적 지지 모두 통계적 유의미성이 확인되었고 가족탄력성의 조절효과는 정(+)적으로 자아존중감과 사회적 지지에만 상승효과가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 이에 효과적 회복접근을 위해 내 외적 지지체계 구축 및 가족탄력성의 체계화를 실천전략으로, 확인된 자아존중감과 사회적 지지의 긍정적 요소와 관련된 프로그램 강화를 통해 정신장애인의 순적한 회복지원을 위한 전략들에 대해 제언하였다.

The purpose of this study was to analyze empirically influential factors related to the recovery of people with a mental disorder and also the moderating effects of family resilience. For this purpose, the investigator developed a research model that took into consideration both the positive and negative elements of individual and social factors based on the ecological, psychological, social, and ecosystem perspectives in previous studies and checked their causal effects and the moderating effects of family resilience in statistical significance. The subjects include 112 clients at an institution for people with a mental disorder. Data was collected with an interview based on a structured questionnaire. Collected data was put to the multiple regression analysis. The analysis results show that there was statistical significance in self-esteem, social stigma, and social support excluding symptoms and that the moderating effects of family resilience had positive(+) synergistic effects only on self-esteem and social support. Based on these results, the study made proposals about practice strategies including the establishment of internal and external support systems to make an effective approach to recovery and the systemization of family resilience and supportive strategies to promote the smooth recovery of people with a mental disorder through the reinforcement of programs related to the confirmed positive elements of self-esteem and social support.

Purpose: This study is a prospective observational study that analyzes the factors affecting and the incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients under general anesthesia. Methods: The study enrolled 193 elderly patients who entered the recovery room after surgery under general anesthesia in a certified tertiary hospital. Data were measured twice-first, before surgery and, second, 30 minutes after the patient entered the recovery room-using the Korean Nursing Delirium Screening Scale. The data were analyzed using χ2 tests, the independent t-test, and logistic regression from SPSS 22.0. Results: The incidence of delirium in elderly patients after surgery under general anesthesia was 13.0% (25 of 193 patients). The incidence of delirium was a significant in the following cases: elderly patient, patients who performed physical activity with assistance at pre-operation, those with lower body mass index, those with lower body weight, those with long operative times, and those with high preoperative pain scores. The occurrence of delirium was 16.57 times higher in the presence of comorbidities, 5.74 times higher when hospitalization occurred through the emergency room, and 3.99 times higher when the number of catheters was high. Conclusion: Screening for early delirium in the recovery room is important, and it can provide basic data for early nursing intervention in patients suffering from postoperative delirium.

본 연구의 목적은 재난피해자의 회복에 영향을 미치는 심리적, 사회적, 인적요인을 검증하고, 이를 근거로 재난피해자의 회복을 도울 수 있는 정책적 함의를 모색하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 국립재난안전연구원의 ｢2023년도 재난피해 회복수준 실태조사｣ 자료 중 총 3,009명을 대상으로 로지스틱 회귀분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 심리적 요인에서는 불안 수준이 높은 피해자일수록 회복 가능성이 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 사회적 요인인 사회적 지지가 높을수록 회복 가능성이 높아지는 것으로 확인되었다. 셋째, 인적요인 중 주관적 건강상태 수준이 높을수록, 가구원 수가 적을수록 재난 회복 가능성이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구 결과를 토대로 재난피해자의 일상회복 지원을 위한 방안 및 정책적 함의를 제시하였다.

This study examines how psychological factors, social factors, and human factors influence the post-disaster recovery of disaster victims, and derives policy implications to support their recovery. Using data from the 2022 Disaster Recovery Status Survey conducted by the National Disaster Management Research Institute, we performed logistic regression on a total of 3,009 respondents. The results show: (1) among psychological factors, higher levels of anxiety are associated with a decreased likelihood of post-disaster recovery; (2) among social factors, greater social support increases the likelihood of recovery; and (3) among human factors, better self-rated health and a smaller household size are associated with a higher probability of Post-Disaster Recovery. Based on these findings, the study proposes measures and policy implications to support Disaster Victims in restoring their daily lives.

Background: This study had been carried out with 18 ischemic stroke patients as its object for about eight months from October, 2006 to May, 2007 in order to observe the recovery of motor function and the change of important blood factors according to the different quantitative exercises. Methods: Subjects were assigned randomly either experimental group (n＝19) or the control group (n＝19), when the study began the halfway on this study dropout 20 patients, and final subjects remained experimental group's 9 patients and control group's 9 patients. Both groups received thermotherapy and functional electrical stimulation (FES), also taken different quantitative exercise therapy (experimental group 180 minutes, control group 80 minutes). Subjects were assessed for upper and lower extremities motor function Fugl－Meyer Scale; FMS), blood test (white blood count; WBC, low density lipoprotein －cholesterol; LDL-C, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HDL-C, Troponin) during pretest, after 2 months, after 3 months. Results: The results of this study were as follows; 1. FMS has no statistically significant difference with intergroup(p>.05). But there was a statistically significant difference with each groups (p<.05). 2. WBC has no statistically significant difference with intergroup (p>.05). But there was a statistically significant difference in control group (p<.05), without experimental group (p>.05). 3. LDL-C has no statistically significant difference with intergroup (p>.05). But there was a statistically significant difference in control group (p<.05), without experimental group (p>.05). 4. HDL-C has no statistically significant difference with intergroup (p<.05). But there was a statistically significant difference with each groups (p>.05). 5. Troponin Ⅰ has no statistically significant difference with intergroup (p>.05). Also there was no statistically significant difference with each groups (p>.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that different quantitative exercises has no effect on FMS, LDL-C, HDL-C, WBC, Troponin Ⅰ with ischemic stroke patients. But the treatment period that there's less correlation between the recovery of motor function and the different quantitative exercise, also less correlation between the change of important blood factors and the different quantitative exercises with ischemic stroke patients.

The study was designed to identify the factors that influence the length of stay of elderly people in the recovery room. Methods: The design of the study was descriptive correlation. The subjects were 196 general anesthesia patients. The data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN 17.0 program. Results: The average length of stay in the recovery room was 62.62 minutes. The length of stay in the recovery room was influenced by age (27.50%);number of diseases (12.97%) and albumin level (6.75%). Other related post operative factors (30.98%) were abnormal ABGA, shivering, PAR score, pain, arrhythmia, amount of bleeding, cardiovascular complication,hypertension and delirium. Those factors explained 78.2% out of the total variance of the length of stay. The strongest effector was the abnormal ABGA (β=.226) and then shivering (β=.222). Conclusion: The influencing factors should be assessed and monitored for the aged before and after surgery. Further research is needed to find the exact factors for ICU transfer elderly from recovery room and emergency surgery target.