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This paper aims to research the technology level of sports industry, through analyzing the technology gap between Korea and other major countries (USA, Europe, Japan, and China), and provide a list of technologies to be prioritized for R&D investment by conducting an analysis of the strategic importance of various element technologies. The results of the analysis showed that the technology level of Korean sports industry currently stands at 70.5% of the country with the most advanced technology (the USA), and that the technology gap amounts to 4.8 years. It was also found that the USA is the country with the most advanced technology (100%) at present, followed by Europe (91.1%), Japan (88.3%), Korea (70.5%), and China (61.2%). To reduce the technology gap, we established a Strategic Zone (SZ) and derived three element technologies including ‘design and production technologies for sports and game equipment’ in the 1 st tier, nine element technologies including ‘3D motion analysis and simulation technology’ in the 2nd tier, and four element technologies including ‘fitness/health promotion and management technology’ in the 3rd tier. The significance of this research is that it included five major technology categories of the sports industry in its analysis, selected an expert on sports industry technologies using the delphi method. Therefore, the results of this study may be suitable for use as basic data in establishing the R&D strategy for the future development of the sports industry.

본 논문은 정부 R&D 투자의 우선순위 설정에서 작동하는 요소들을 검토하고, 그 과정에서 과학자 공동체 는 어떤 역할을 하는지 검토하였다. 최근 선진국들에서 대규모 연구들이 예상한 목표를 달성하지 못한 것으로 평가 됨에도 불구하고, 더 많은 대규모 연구들이 계획되고 추진되고 있다. 이러한 현상은 자원의 한정성이라는 근본적 문 제를 고려할 때, 역설적인 것이다. 우리나라에서 추진된 대규모 연구들을 살펴본 결과, 국민 및 미디어의 관심 등 정 치적 자원의 확보, 국가의 위상 제고, 기술자립을 통한 경제적 효과 제고 등의 요인들이 작동하는 것을 확인하였다. 그리고 그 과정에서 과학자 공동체는 전문성과 합리성에 따라 연구 과제를 선택하는 합리적 전문가로서 행동하는 것 뿐만 아니라 자기 분야의 대규모 연구 과제들이 채택되도록 노력하는 정치적 행위자로서 행동한다는 것을 확인하였 다. 본 논문은 정부 R&D 투자의 우선순위 설정에서 대규모 연구에 대한 조급한 투자 결정을 줄이기 위해 공적 담 론이나 국회의 심도 있는 심사 등의 새로운 절차가 필요함을 제시하였다.

This article has reviewed some possible factors of priority setting in the government R&D investment, and also reviewed the roles of scientific community. Recently many development countries have planned more and more large-scale researches which require huge resources. Many large-scale researches have presented strikingly poor performance records in terms of efficiency. Nevertheless, more and more large-scale researches have been selected and executed. According to this article, some factors such as attracting attention of the media and the public, enhancing national prestige, raising the technological independence for economic growth were raised. As implications for policy, this article presented a necessity of strengthening the public control for priority setting of government R&D investment. And new procedures such as public discourse and National Assembly's in-depth deliberation were presented.

Risk management activity for successful defense R&D projects should be done anticipatorily and consistently over the entire project period. Furthermore, risk factors should be distinguished and they should be prioritized for management, depending on their importance. In this study, we distinguished the risk factors and prioritized the comparison of domestic and overseas research. According to the study, we found that it is very important to settle the requirements, to decide the scope of R&D, to have reasonable schedule for completion, and to communicate with the organizations of customers. Unlike the previous studies, it appeared that the cost and resource factors, as well as the technical factors, are critical elements for the defense R&D project.

The purpose of this study is to suggest the importance of R&D of Resort Company and made a priority order through Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Develop a index evaluation of proposed R&D’s estimation and draw a conclusion about perception of employee who works in a resort by analyze and examine the R&D’s major factor. For the survey object, total 17 out of 30 people were selected as a sample by purposeful sampling including team manager from D, M, H, Y, R resort. In this process, research was conducted March 1st to June 30th, 2012, and the importance priority order was analyzed by conducting analytichierarchyprocess(AHP) oftheextractedfactors.Forthedataprocessing,allthedatawentthroughencodingpr ocedureforstatisticaltreatmentandfrequencyanalysiswasconductedwithinputdatabyusingWindowsSPSS/PC (ver. 18.0).FortheAHPtodecidepriorityorderwasimplementedbyusingEC-2000.Theresultsofthisstudyareasfollowed. First, relative importance of hierarchical classification indicated management 46.6%, technology 37.3%, and strategy 16.1% has highest weight in resort R&D major factor and management, technology, strategy has highly ranked. Second, weight of major factor’s management class indicated facilities 39.2%, environment 24.8%, manpower human resources 23.0%, and organization 13.0% in order. Facilities have highest weigh in administration’s major factor and the order from relative importance was facilities, environment, manpower human resources, and organization in order. Third, weight of major factor’s technology class indicated IT technology 77.0%, information technology 23.0% in order. IT technology has highest weigh in technology class and the order from relative importance was IT new technology, information technology in order. Fourth, weight of major factor’s strategy layer class indicated marketing 52.3%, investment 24.5%, policy 13.8%, process 9.8 in order. Marketing has highest weigh in strategy layer class and the order from relative importance was marketing, investment, policy and process in order.

MAUT and AHP are widely used for quantification of subjective judgements in various fields of decision making. This study focuses on the introduction and application of MAUT/AHP method which is a hybrid of MAUT and AHP techniques in R&D project priority setting. This hybrid model can clarify each factors' contribution using MAUT method and can reduce the number of pairwise comparisons of AHP method. This study applies AMUT/AHP method to the evaluation of R&D projects in a Government - funded research institute. To evaluate R&D projects, six evaluation factors are derived. SMART(Simple MultiAttribute Rating Technique) and DVM(Difference Value Measurement ) out of many MAUT methods are used to design the utility function ad AHP is used to allocate the weights among evaluation factors. The major findings of this study can be summarized as follows. First, the SMART/AHP and the DVM/AHP have the same results with the SMART and the DVM, and they are different results with AHP. It is very hard to decide which one is better. Second, MAUT/AHP's strength is analyzed. MAUT reflects utility values of evaluators to alternatives and AHP results objective and consistent weights of factors through pariwise comparisons. Third, its possible application fields are proposed. It is applicable to subjective decision making problems with high complexity and inter-independent factors.

본 연구는 중소기업우선제도의 용어 및 해석이 불명확하여 국가연구개발사업 성과활용이 저해되고 있다는 비판에 따라 관련 용어의 정의 및 해석을 명확하게 하고자 하였다. 첫째, "국내"라 함은 우리나라에서 사업소의 주소나 거소를 두는 것"을 말한다. 둘째, "기술실시능력"이라 함은 "국가연구개발 성과기술을 이용하여 제품의 개발이나 생산 또는 판매활동을 수행하거나, 이에 관한 공정기술의 향상 등 '기술을 사업화 또는 실용화할 수 있는 사실상의 역량"을 말한다. 셋째, "우선적으로 고려"에 있어 "우선"이라 함은 기술실시계약을 체결하고자 하는 기업이 여러 곳일 경우에, 먼저 중소기업에게 계약체결의 기회를 제공하여야 한다는 원칙을 규정한 것으로 특별한 사정이 존재하지 않는 한, 중소기업과 기술실시계약을 하도록 기술보유기관에 대해 일정한 노력의무를 부과한 것이다. "우선적으로 고려"하여야 한다는 반드시 중소기업에게 우선권을 제공하여야 하는 것과는 달리 중소기업과의 기술계약체결을 위한 '노력'을 충분히 한 것으로서 본 규정의 의무조건을 이행한 것으로 간주될 수 있다. 본 연구의 의의는 현행 중소기업 우선제도의 용어 정의 및 해석을 통해 현행 제도의 실무 적용가능성을 높인 점을 들 수 있으며, 본 연구의 한계로는 "기술실시능력 보유 여부에 대한 판단기준", 중소기업 발굴을 위한 '충분한 노력'에 대해 절차와 방법에 대해 일의적으로 명확하게 정의 및 해석하지 못한 바, 이에 대한 후속연구를 기대한다.

This study clarified the definition and interpretation of terms relating to SMEs Priority System. First, 'Domestic' is defined that the address of office is in our country. Second, 'Technology utilization capacity' is defined that the de facto capacity to technology commercialization and utilization. for example. development or production or sales activity of the production using national r&d performance. Third, 'priority' in priority consideration is defined that when there are many companies trying sign technology utilization contract, technology providers shoud provide the opportunity of signing contract to SMEs primarily. 'priority consideration' is defined that technology providers shoud try to do enough to sign a contract with SMEs. This study has significance in that raising the application of the current SMEs Priority System.

This paper considers the determination of the priority of investment on R&D planning on nuclear power technology using AHP. Due to the complexity of problem, the hierarchy was divided into two parts; main hierarchy and sub-hierarchies. The result shows that the priority of technology options of evolutionary reactor and safety evaluation was higher than that of others.

The necessity of economic analysis has been increasing in agricultural R&D to make the connection high between R&D and farm incomes as the opening of the agricultural market continues to accelerate such as FTA. The purpose of this study is to derive the priorities of Request for proposals(RFP) are scheduled to be implemented by the Rural Development Administration in 2018 and to suggest implications. For this purpose, Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) was used as an analysis method. We organized Internal and external evaluation committees for the AHP analysis of a total of 84 projects on applied and developmental researches：30 in fundamental field, 10 in crop field, 26 in horticultural field, and 18 in livestock field. We set 3 upper evaluation criteria as Marketability, productivity, and ripple effect. 3 lower-criteria of each as for marketability ①ease of market entry, ②possibility of commercialization, ③potential growth of the market；for productivity ①quantity increase, ②quality improvement, ③cost reduction；and for ripple effect ①possibility of technology expansion, ②sustainability of technology life, ③ease of skill acquisition. We found the following projects are given priority. first, it is focused on the eco-friendly agriculture, the labor reduction by mechanization, and the smart agricultural technology in the fundamental R&D. second, focused on the development of alternative crops facing the oversupply of rice and domestic supply expansion of crops which are highly dependent on imports in the crop R&D. third, focused on responding to the latest trends in consumption and on pioneering new markets such as export market in horticultural R&D. fourth, focused on feeding management to reduce production costs, technology of high quality meat production for consumers preferences, recycling of livestock excretions into resources, and responding livestock diseases in the livestock R&D. Therefore, these results might more contribute to improving the connection between R&D and farm income if the projects driven from our analysis are invested and managed by priority.

본 연구의 목적은 국책 연구 성과의 기술거래에서 기술공급 기관과 기술도입 기업 간에 작용하는 기술료 결정요인을 비교 분석하여 기술이전 관련 기관, 기술공급 및 도입 기업 등 이해 관계자에게 유의한 정보와 정책적 시사점을 제공하기 위함이다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 2011년부터 2015년까지 농촌진흥청 차세대바이오그린21 국책 연구 사업을 추진한 N사업단의 대학과 중소기업간 기술이전 사례를 중심으로 96개 기술공급 기관과 85개의 기술도입 기업에게 2016년 9월 1일부터 10월 31일 2개월 동안 AHP 설문 조사를 실시하고 각 기술거래 당사자 간 기술료 결정요인의 중요도를 비교 분석하였다. 분석 결과 기술거래 양 당사자는 '기술 활용의 수익성'과 '경영진의 기술도입 의지'를 중요한 기술료 결정요인으로 인식하고 있는 공통점이 있는 반면, 기술공급 기관은 기술이 적용된 제품의 '시장 경쟁력' 요인을, 기술도입 기업은 '기업의 가용 예산범위'를 더 높은 상대적 중요성으로 인식하는 차이가 있었다. 본 연구를 통하여 산업 현장의 구체적 니즈를 반영한 기술수요 조사, 기술료 지불 방법의 다양화, 기술이전을 목적으로 한 연구 평가 지표의 차별화, 기술개발 시급성을 반영한 연구 과제 추진이 필요하다는 정책적 시사점이 도출되었다.

The purpose of this study is to present meaningful information and policy implications concerning the determinants of royalties of technology transfer to stakeholder. To identify key determinants of royalties in technology transfer, this study conducted AHP survey analysis (Survey period: 01/09~31/10, 2016) of 96 government-funded research centers and 85 companies which were participants of the R&D project "Next Generation BioGreen21" of R.D.A in the "N" center from 2011 to 2015. Research results show that both parties acknowledge 'Technical considerations for determining the profitability of the technologies' and 'The interest and willingness of the management group' as critical factors for the determinants of royalties. The difference of each party is that private companies acknowledge 'Available budget plan' as a critical factor while the government-funded research centers value 'Market competitiveness'. These findings suggest four main policy implications which are the investigation of technological demands reflecting specific needs of industrial sites, the diversification of royalty payments for private companies, the differentiated research evaluation system for the purpose of technology transfer and the planning of public R&D project reflecting research time span of private companies.

연구 목적: 본 연구는 정성적 평가영역이 반영된 스포츠과학기술 융합 R&D 성과평가체계의 성과평가지표에 대한 가중치 도출과 우선순위 설정에 그 목적이 있다. 연구 방법: 13인의 자문위원에게 일대일 비교 설문을 실시하여 자료를 수집하였다. 연구 내용: 그 결과, 계층1은 스포츠과학기술 융합 R&D 핵심평가항목 및 성과지표, 전략적 연구관리 및 성과지표 순으로 산정되었고, 계층2에서도 각각의 우선순위를 산정하였다. 결론 및 제언: 본 연구결과는 계층적인 구조로부터 스포츠과학기술 융합 R&D 사업 성과평가 논리모델의 효율적인 운영과 성과관리가 가능할 것이며 여가, 복지, 문화 등 유사 영역의 R&D 사업 성과관리에 유기적 전이 및 결합이 가능할 것이다.

The purpose of this study is to derive weights and prioritize indicators in the performance evaluation system for sports science and technology convergence R&D projects that incorporates qualitative evaluation aspects. To achieve this goal, we collected data using one-to-one comparison surveys from 13 advisory committee members and calculated the priorities. In Level 1, the priorities were determined in the order of core evaluation items and performance indicators for sports science and technology convergence R&D, followed by strategic research management and performance indicators. And In Level 2, each priority was calculated. The results of this study enable efficient operation and performance management of the logical model for sports science and technology convergence R&D project performance evaluation through a hierarchical structure and offer potential for organic transfer and integration in performance management of R&D projects in similar areas such as leisure, welfare, and culture.