Earticle

As same time of starting on the Korean Long-term Care Insurance System, the government developed a program to train new qualification of long-term care workers. The number of enrolled long-term care workers are 950,000 persons in 2010. Mostly they are working in home based care work places such as home visit care centers and home visit bathing centers covered insurance. The purpose of this study is to understand the difference of task performance requirement according to long-term care workers' responsibilities which divided into home visiting care and home visiting bathing. The comparison analysis was conducted to task performance requirement in basic management, safety management, administration management, practical services. Key result was found that task performance requirement of long-term care workers whose responsibilities are home visiting care were more higher than the home visiting bathing. Finally, To improve quality of home visiting care and home visiting bathing, it is necessary to provide the fields based continuing education and reflect new reimburse system.

고속도로 콘크리트 구조물은 제설제 사용량 증가로 구조물의 열화가 가속되고 있어 성능회복을 위해 단면복구공사를 실시하고 있다. 하지만, 보수공사 이후 보수부위에 균열, 들뜸 및 부착성능 저하 등의 재손상이 나타나고 있다. 본 연구에서는 먼저 해외 기준을 분석하였고, 공용 중인 콘크리트 구조물의 현장조사, 실내실험, 폐교량에 대한 시험시공을 통해 균열 방지 및 부착성능향상을 위해 강화된 기준을 제시하였다. 요구성능이 충족되는 재료는 모두 적용이 가능하도록 성능기반의 품질기준을 제시하였고, 재료별 상이한 시험방법도 일관성 있는 시험결과 분석을 위해 콘크리트 시험법으로 통일하여 제시하였다. 고려된 품질기준은 하중 저항을 위해 역학특성 분야로는 압축강도, 휨강도, 부착강도 기준을 마련하였고, 체적안정성을 위해 길이변화율, 균열저항성, 열팽창계수, 탄성계수를 기준을 마련하였다. 제설염해에 대한 저항성을 위해 내구성능 분야로는 염분침투저항성과 동결융해저항성 기준을 제시하였다. 본 연구에 의해 제시된 콘크리트 보수재료의 기준은 국내의 단면복구공사 품질향상에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

For highway concrete structures, the deterioration of the structure is accelerated due to the increase in the use of deicing materials, and sectional repair work is being frequently carried out to restore performance. However, after the repair work, re-damage such as cracks, delamination, and poor bond performance is exhibited in the repaired sectional area. In this study, overseas repair material requirements were first analyzed, and present domestic requirements were improved repair material performance through field surveys of common concrete structures, laboratory experiments, and test construction on a disused concrete bridge. In addition, performancebased quality requirements were presented so that all materials that meet the required performance can be applied, and different test methods for each material were unified into concrete test methods for consistent test results analysis. The considered performance requirements were compression strength, bending strength, and bond strength for structural properties, and length change rate, crack resistance, thermal expansion coefficient, and elasticity coefficient were for dimensional behavior. For resistance to chloride penetration resistance and freeze-thaw resistance were presented as durability. The proposed requirements for concrete repair materials are expected to contribute to the improvement of the quality of concrete sectional repair work in Korea.

Questionnaire survey on performance requirement of ship’s speed such as not only accuracy but also response and robustness were carried out, and the experiments to survey the GPS performances of static and dynamic characteristics were carried out simultaneously. In this paper, the questionnaire survey focusing on docking maneuvering, some analytic results of the survey, the results of GPS performance, and the possibility of adaptation for docking maneuvering on SDME and GPS are discussed. Consequently, from the results of questionnaire survey the performance requirement of ship’s speed in docking/anchoring maneuvering have need under 1cm/sec on the standard deviation, and speed information from GPS was adopted to use maneuvering information in docking/anchoring.

This study analyzed required power and evaluated the performance of a simulation model of a self-propelled potato harvester. The simulation model of the self-propelled potato harvester was developed using AMESim software to analyze the performance of the simulation model. Potato harvesting was conducted at an average travel speed of 0.88 km/h. It was observed that the harvester consumed 11.32% of the engine-rated power for harvesting potatoes. The left and right crawlers consumed 1.87 and 1.29% of the engine-rated power, respectively, to drive the potato harvester. The simulation model of the potato harvester performed well, with coefficients of determination ranging from 0.984 to 0.994, which indicated the simulation model of the potato harvester could explain over 98% by experimental results. The regression analysis confirmed a linear correlation between simulation and experimental results. It was also noticed that the self-propelled harvester was more economical than a tractor-mounted harvester. We believe that this study can contribute to the literature on design methodology and performance for potato harvesters in academic and industrial sectors. This basic study could help redesign a self-propelled potato harvester.

The primary role of MRP(Material Requirement Planning) is to make a production plan so that we have an exact quantity of right materials on needed time at right place. But the ignorance on capacity constraints makes some problems whenever production schedule is established. To increase the performance of MRP system, a novel approach which is based on new input data structure is suggested. The new input data structure includes all the information about Material BOM, Routing and resource data so that we can easily examine the usage of resources and generate higher performance production plans.

In this study, the uncertainty requirements for orbit, attitude, and burn performance were estimated and analyzed for the execution of the $1^{st}$ lunar orbit insertion (LOI) maneuver of the Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter (KPLO) mission. During the early design phase of the system, associate analysis is an essential design factor as the $1^{st}$ LOI maneuver is the largest burn that utilizes the onboard propulsion system; the success of the lunar capture is directly affected by the performance achieved. For the analysis, the spacecraft is assumed to have already approached the periselene with a hyperbolic arrival trajectory around the moon. In addition, diverse arrival conditions and mission constraints were considered, such as varying periselene approach velocity, altitude, and orbital period of the capture orbit after execution of the $1^{st}$ LOI maneuver. The current analysis assumed an impulsive LOI maneuver, and two-body equations of motion were adapted to simplify the problem for a preliminary analysis. Monte Carlo simulations were performed for the statistical analysis to analyze diverse uncertainties that might arise at the moment when the maneuver is executed. As a result, three major requirements were analyzed and estimated for the early design phase. First, the minimum requirements were estimated for the burn performance to be captured around the moon. Second, the requirements for orbit, attitude, and maneuver burn performances were simultaneously estimated and analyzed to maintain the $1^{st}$ elliptical orbit achieved around the moon within the specified orbital period. Finally, the dispersion requirements on the B-plane aiming at target points to meet the target insertion goal were analyzed and can be utilized as reference target guidelines for a mid-course correction (MCC) maneuver during the transfer. More detailed system requirements for the KPLO mission, particularly for the spacecraft bus itself and for the flight dynamics subsystem at the ground control center, are expected to be prepared and established based on the current results, including a contingency trajectory design plan.

로켓 기반 공기흡입추진(RBCC : Rocket Based Combined Cycle) 엔진이 적용된 재사용 발사체의 요구 중량 및 성능을 분석하고 예측하였다. RBCC 엔진을 위해 개발한 엔진 모델과 비행체 궤적 모델을 통합하여 RBCC 기반 재사용 발사체의 궤적 및 성능계산 모델을 개발하였으며, 기존 논문의 결과와 비교함으로써 검증하였다. 개발된 모델과 기존 논문을 바탕으로 총 이륙중량 15톤의 재사용 발사체에 대한 무게분석과 엔진의 요구 조건을 도출하였으며, 엔진의 모드 전환 마하수 변화 등에 따른 비행체의 추진제 요구량 변화를 분석하였다.

Performance requirement analysis and weight estimation of a reusable launch vehicle with a rocket-based air-breathing engine(RBCC : Rocket Based Combined Cycle) were performed. Performance model for an RBCC engine was developed and integrated with flight trajectory model. The integrated engine-trajectory model was validated by comparing the results with those from previous research reference. Based on the new engine-trajectory model and previous research results, engine performance requirements were derived for an reusable launching vehicle with gross take-off weight of 15 tones. Dependence of the propellant amount requirement on the mode transition Mach number of the engine was also analyzed.

화재발생시 가장 주요한 사망원인인 유독가스의 제어와, 소방관의 소화활동을 돕기 위한 제연설비는 각 구성품이 유기적으로 동작하는 시스템을 이루기 때문에 전체의 조화도 중요하지만, 기본적으로 각 설비요소가 제 기능을 발휘할 때 전체 시스템의 제연성능을 확보할 수 있게 된다. 그러나 현재 법으로 규정된 국내기준은 주요 구성품별 성능을 제대로 평가할 수 있는 방법 및 기준이 없어 본 연구를 통하여 배연창의 성능평가기술을 개발하고 항목별 성능시험을 실시하여 평가방법의 적합성을 검토하고 국가표준을 만들기 위한 기초 자료로 제공하고자 한다.

화재시 발생하는 연기 및 유독가스를 효과적으로 제어하기 위한 제연설비는 일정한 성능이 요구되며 각 장치에 대한 성능시험방법과 평가기준이 마련되어 있어야 하지만 아직 국내기준은 서류에 의한 예비검사나 부위검사 등으로 되어 있어 성능위주의 평가기준이 미비한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 제연설비 주요 구성품 중 제연댐퍼에 대해 국내외 기준을 비교분석하고 정량적인 성능기준을 제시하여 이에 따른 평가와 적합성을 분석하고자 하였다.

지난 수년간 저가의 공유메모리(Shared Memory) 시스템을 개발하기 위한 방법으로 빠른 상호 연결 네트워크를 이용한 DVSM (Distributed Virtual Shared Memory) 시스템의 구조에 관한 연구가 활발하게 진행되어 왔다. 그러나 DVSM은 소프트웨어 적으로 메모리 일관성을 유지하기 때문에 분산 처리 노드간의 많은 데이터 및 제어 신호 통신이 요구되며 이러한 통신 과부하(overhead)가 전체 성능 향상을 결정짓는 요인으로 작용한다. 일반적으로 프로세싱 노드의 수가 증가하면 통신 과부하도 따라서 증가하기 때문에 통신 과부하는 대용량(large-scale)의 DVSM을 구현하는데 매우 중요한 성능 요인이다. 이 논문에서는 차세대 상호 연결 기술 중 하나인 InfiniBand를 기반으로 대용량 DVSM 시스템을 구현하기 위한 성능 확장성을 정량적 및 정성적으로 연구하였다. 또한 이 연구를 바탕으로 성능 확장성이 뛰어난 DVSM 시스템을 개발하기 위한 차세대 상호 연결 네트워크의 요구 성능을 분석하였다.

For past years, many distributed virtual shared-memory(DVSM) systems have been studied in order to develop a low-cost shared memory system with a fast interconnection network. But the DVSM needs a lot of data and control communication between distributed processing nodes in order to provide memory consistency in software, and this communication overhead significantly dominates the overall performance. In general, the communication overhead also increases as the number of processing nodes increase, so communication overhead is a very important performance factor for developing a large-scale DVSM system. In this paper, we study the performance scalability quantitatively and qualitatively for developing a large-scale DVSM system based on the next generation interconnection network, called the InfiniBand. Based on the study, we analyze a performance requirement of the next-coming interconnection network to be used for developing a performance-scalable DVSM system in the future.

본 논문은 QPSK 변조방식을 사용하는 W-CDMA 사용자 설비 시스템에서 진폭 불균형 및 위상 불균형과 같은 RF I/Q 성능열화 요인들에 의한 시스템 성능열화 현상을 다루었다. I/Q 진폭 및 위상 에러에 의한 인접 심볼 간 거리변화를 이용하여 BER 성능 열화를 분석하였고, Matlab 시뮬레이션을 통해 I/Q 진폭 및 위상 에러에 의한 BER 성능열화를 검토하였다. 테스트를 고려하여 구현된 RF 트랜시버와 변복조 측정 장비를 이용하여 성능열화를 에러 벡터 크기 값으로 측정함으로써 하드웨어 구현관점에서 W-CDMA사용자 설비 시스템의 I/Q 진폭 및 위상 에러에 관한 최소 성능요구 사항과 성능열화 요인 측정 방법을 제시하였다.

This paper deals with performance degradations caused by RF I/Q impairments such as amplitude mismatch and phase mismatch in W-CDMA user equipment which uses QPSK(Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) modulation. The impacts of I/Q impairments on the BER(Bit Error Rate) are analyzed by using the variations of adjacent symbol distance. The BER versus amplitude mismatch and phase mismatch with QPSK constellation is reviewed through Matlab simulation. Performance degradation produced by RF I/Q impairments is measured with the implemented RF transceiver and modulation/demodulation test equipments through EVM(Error Vector Magnitude). The minimum performance requirements of amplitude mismatch and phase mismatch in W-CDMA user equipment are presented from the point of hardware implementation and the test method of the impairments is also included.

In general, urban railroad in Korea is constructed as a tunnel type under ground due to the various restricted conditions. Passengers in train running through underground tunnel compare to open space are exposed to severe noise environment. In this study, various performance characteristics of many candidate materials are surveyed and analyzed. And some important characteristics are tested. From this study, various performance requirement for noise reduction in railway tunnel were suggested.

군 병영생활관 시설사업은 시설사업기본계획(Request for proposal; RFP)과 성과요구수준서를 바탕으로 민간사업시행자의 창의와 효율이 최대한 발휘되도록 계획되어야 한다. 하지만 현재 성과요구수준서의 요구수준은 구체적이지 못하거나 제시 내용이 부정확한 경우가 있다. 이러한 성과요구수준서를 근거로 제출한 사업계획서 기본설계도서는 주무관청의 요구수준을 만족시키지 못하거나 예기치 못한 문제를 발생시킬 수 있다. 이에 주무관청은 제공 받고자 하는 시설과 서비스의 품질 수준에 대해 성과요구수준서의 내용을 연구하고 보완하여 구체적이고 정확하게 기술해야 한다. 본 연구는 직접 수행한 4개의 군 병영생활관 민간투자사업의 사례를 통해 분석하여 성과요수수준서의 기준이 명확하지 않아 발생하는 설계오류, 병사 1인당 시설기준 면적의 유연하지 못한 반영 사례 등 대부분의 사업에서 발생하고 있는 문제점에 대한 해결방안에 대해 연구하여 향후 고시되는 시설사업은 사업의 특성, 사용자의 요구사항, 기후적 요건 등을 충분히 반영되도록 성과요구수준서의 내용을 향상시키고, 시설기준을 구체화하여 시대적 요구에 부합되는 합리적인 설계로 사업수행의 완성도가 높아지길 기대한다.

Request for proposal (RFP) and Output specification for the notification of military barracks should be prepared so that the creativity and efficiency of the private project implementer can be maximized. However, these are cases in which Request for proposal (RFP) and Output specification is not specific or the content presented is inaccurate. Accordingly, the competent authority should study and supplement the contents of the Output specification for the quality level of facilities and services to be provided, and describe it in detail and accurately. We present procedures and standards so that changes in military culture can be reflected during construction. of the project, user requirements, and climatic requirements, and facility standards should be specified. The purpose of this study is to increase the degree of completion of project execution through a rational design that meets the needs of the times and considers the total project cost.

미니트램(Mini-Tram)은 승하차 시간 동안 정거장에서의 무선급전 방식에 의한 급속충전(약, 2분 30초 이내)을 통해 에너지를 공급받으며, 운행 시 차상에 설치된 에너지저장 매체(LIC: Lithium-Ion Capacitor)로부터 전기에너지를 공급받아서 운행된다. 차량에 요구되는 에너지 소모량을 분석하고 이에 맞춰서 저장 매체의 직-병렬 구성 및 전력 변환 장치(Regulator 및 DC-DC 컨버터 등)를 설계하는 것은 전기 구동 차량인 미니트램의 설계에서 매우 중요한 부분이다. 본 논문에서는 미니트램 시스템을 개발하는 과정에서 수행된 에너지공급시스템의 사양 선정을 위한 에너지 소모량 예측과 더불어 이와 관련된 주행저항 및 주행성능 분석에 대해서 다룬다.

본 연구는 환경경영 시스템의 요구사항이 경영시스템 개선과 재무적 성과에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위해서 실증분석을 하였다. 환경경영 시스템의 요구사항이 경영성과인 경영시스템 개선에는 어떤 영향을 미치며, 또한 경영시스템 개선은 기업의 재무성과와는 어떤 영향을 미치는지 분석하고자 연구모형을 수립하였다. 본 연구의 분석을 위해 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 자료 수집은 환경경영 시스템을 운영하고 있는 기업의 운영담당자 각1명에게 전자메일을 이용하여 자료 수집을 하였다. 총 145개 ISO 14001 인증기업을 대상으로 설문을 발송하였고, 그 중에 약 75.9%인 110개의 자료가 수집되어 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 환경경영 시스템 요구사항 중 환경계획, 환경점검, 환경경영검토는 경영시스템 개선에 모두 정(+)의 유의한 영향을 주었다. 둘째, 환경경영 시스템 요구사항 중 하나인 환경실행 및 점검은 재무성과에 정(+)의 유의한 영향을 주었다. 셋째, 경영시스템 개선은 재무성과에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 주었다. 본 연구는 해당 기업에서 환경경영 시스템을 효과적으로 적용한다면, 경영시스템의 개선을 기대할 수 있으며, 이러한 경영시스템의 개선은 기업의 재무성과도 향상시킬 수 있음을 규명하는데 그 의의가 있다. 이와 같은 연구 결과를 바탕으로 이론적 및 실무적 시사점을 도출하였으며, 향후 연구 과제를 제시하였다.

This study aims to the impacts of the EMS(environmental management system) requirement on management performance using multi-linear regression analysis. We designed the study model that the impacts of the requirement of EMS on management improvement and financial performance. Our study was carried out using questionnaires of the managers in charge of environmental management system, A total of 145 questionnaires were distributed and collected on the spot, of which 110 questionnaires were used for the final analysis, excluding 35 questionnaires with incomplete answers. The results of the study were as follows. First, The environmental planning, the environmental checking, and the environmental management review of EMS requirement has an positive effect on the improvement management system. Second, the environmental implementation and operation has an positive effect on the financial performance. Third, also improvement management system has an positive effect on financial performance. With the results mentioned above, this study suggests the theoretical & practical implication as well as the direction of further research.

본 연구는 산차와 비유기가 다양한 Holstein 종 56두를 사용하여 사료섭취량과 에너지요구 량을 근거로 개체별 사료에너지요구량의 서열을 설정하고, 이를 3개 우군으로 나누어 각 우군의 상반평균치에 기준하여 자가배합사료(herdmix ration)를 조제한 후 이것을 이용한 사양체계가 비유기 및 산차에 미치는 영향을 관행 사양체계와 switch-over method로 비교하였다. 자가배합사료 급여체계는 전 비유기 동안 산유량과 유지율을 증진시켰으며(P<0.05), 산차별 생산능력도 모든 산차에서 향상되었다(P<0.05). 비유단계별 성적에서는 비유초기와 중기에서 Herd-mix구의 설제산유량(AMY) 및 지방보정유량(FCM)이 유의적으로 증가하였으나(P<0.05) 유지율은 유의차가 없었다. 비유말기에는 AMY, 유지율 및 FCM 모두 Herd-mix구가 관행구에 비하여 증가하였으며 특히 유지율과 FCM이 현저하게 증가하였다(P<0.01). Herd-mix구와 관행구의 FCM 비유지속성은 각각 93.24%와 92.69%로서 Herd-mix구의 비유지속성이 높았으며 비유곡선의 형태도 이상적 추세를 보였다. 유대와 사료비를 고려한 조수익을 산출한 결과 Herd-mix구가 관행구보다 40% 높았다. 결론적으로, 본 연구는 젖소의 에너지요구량과 사료 에너지 농도를 정확히 평가하여 우군을 편성한 후 그 상반평균을 배합목표로 설정하고 사용할원료에 대한 실질적인 평가를 근거로 배합비를 설정하는 것이 산유능력을 향상시킴과 동시에 경제적으로 유려하다는 사실을 입증하였다.

The objective of this work was to establish an approaching method for TMR feeding system in the farm situation by testing the effects of herd-mix feeding system on the performance of lactating cows. Fifty six Holstein cows were fed for the experimental period of 16 months. Prior to test the herd-mix feeding system, animals were kept on conventional feeding system for 4 months, separate feeding of forage with concentrate, then provided 3 types of herd-mix rations formulated by mean level of energy concentration requirement of higher 1/2 ranker in each herd for remaining 12 months to compare the effect on milk yield performance of animals with conventional feeding system by using a switch-over method. The herd-mix feeding system influenced substantially upon the improvements of milk yield(P<0.01) and milk fat percentage(P<0.05). In all of lactational ages, milk yield and milk fat were enhanced by the herd-mix feeding system. Especially, actual milk yield(AMY) and milk fat in the 1st lactating cows, and AMY and 4.0% fat corrected milk yield(FCM) in the 2nd lactating cows were increased signiticantly by the herd-mix feeding system(P<0.05). In the early and mid-stage of lactation, the herd-mix feeding system showed higher AMY and FCM compared with the conventional feeding system although the milk fat was not different. AMY, milk fat and FCM in the late-stage of lactation were increased generally by the herd-mix feeding system. Especially, milk fat and FCM obtained by the herd-mix feeding system were significantly higher than those by the conventional feeding system(P<0.01). The herd-mix feeding system showed a good type of milking curve with a higher persistency of FCM(93.24%) than in conventional one(92.69%). The income over feed cost with the herd-mix feeding system was lA-fold higher than that with the conventional feeding method. In conclusion, the results of this work suggest that the herd-mix feeding system based on a correct level of energy concentration of TMR and well-determined feed ingredients increases not only milk yield of dairy herd by enhancing the performance of cows in early to mid stage of lactation with improved milk persistency but also gross income of dairy farm.

Many enterprises have been adopting management systems good enough for them and operating the schemes to have competitive edge better than their competitor. One of the finest systems that most companies have been selecting is ISO 14001. ISO 14001, environment management system, is widely known as advancing internal efficiency and productivity in the various industries. As a result, the number of companies that have adopted ISO 14001's certification have been increasing continuously year by year since ISO 14000 standard was called in 1994s from ISO 18000 standard that originally used. The purpose of this study is to present that ISO 14001's requirement execution influences on management performance in the small manufacturer. In order to carry out this research, we obtained 96 survey sheets and inspected ten assumptions based on the reliability, validity of the questionnaires. The results of regression analysis are summarized as follows; First, the three factors of ISO 14001 requirement, plan, implementation and operation and management consideration, have an important effect on the operational performance. Second, the three elements of ISO 14001 requirement, environment policy, implementation and operation and management consideration, affect to the financial performance significantly. Based on the results, it is sure that the companies that execute the factors of implementation and operation and management policy have a good performance to achieve operational and financial performance so that it is important to clarify the member's role, authority and follow the procedure by a company's process. Also, the truth shows CEO's continuous will and periodical review of ISO 14001 influence on management performance as well.

To maintain design-knowledge database and manage configuration for requirement of performance test and safety standard of High Speed Railroad, It is established that managment system of performance test and safety standard and then constructed that design-knowledge database and documented a performance test and safety specification for supporting performance test and safety system using computer-aided tool.