Earticle

본 연구는 심각해지는 대기 중 미세먼지 현실에 따라 우리나라 사람들의 미세먼지 관련 건강 인식과 행동 에 대해 탐색하였다. 개인 위생적 차원에서 미세먼지에 대한 우리나라 사람들의 인식과 건강행동 사이의 관계를 탐색하기 위해 개인의 건강 인식과 관련 있는 다차원 건강통제소재, 질병에 대한 취약성과 심각성 지각 및 건강행동 의도 사이의 구조적 관계를 분석하였다. 다차원 건강통제소재의 3가지 성향 중 내적 성향을 제외한 우연성향과 타인 의존성향이 취약성과 심각성 지각에 영향을 미치고 있었고, 두 변인은 다시 미세먼지로 인한 질병 예방행동의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 있었다. 이러한 결과에 따라 미세먼지 관련 질병 예방행동을 장려하기 위해 정확한 정보를 시의성 있게 제공하고 피해 최소화를 위한 방안을 제안하여 미세먼지에 대한 막연한 공포감이나 불확실성을 제거하 고 이를 통해 내적 통제소재화를 자극할 수 있도록 독려할 필요가 있다. 끝으로 후속연구를 위한 제언을 제안했다.

This study explored relationships between health perception and behavior of Korean relevant to particulate matter(PM) as PM in the atmosphere getting worse. To investigate the relationship in the personal hygiene dimension, we analysed the structural relationships among multi-dimensional health locus of control, perceived susceptibility and severity, and health behavior intention. Except internal among three tendencies of multi-dimensional health locus of control, chance and powerful other had an effect on perceived susceptibility and severity, respectively. Perceived susceptibility and severity also had a positive effect on the intention. Thus, to facilitate PM-related disease prevention, timely and reliable information should be supplied with the solution for lessening damage from PM, and then training for internalizing locus of control should be encouraged through eliminating fear and uncertainty. Finally, we discussed suggestions for future study.

이 연구에서는 결핵예방 캠페인을 위한 효과적인 메시지 전략은 무엇인지를 분석하였다. 메시지 지향성(개인지 향-사회지향)과 메시지 제시방법(통계-내러티브)에 따라 결핵감염의 개연성, 심각성, 예방행동의도에 어떠한 차이를 보 이는지를 살펴보았다. 분석결과, 개인지향 메시지는 사회지향 메시지보다 결핵감염의 개연성과 심각성을 높이는데 효과 적인 것으로 나타났다. 통계적 메시지와 내러티브 메시지 사이에는 유의미한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 개인지향 메시지의 경우에 내러티브 메시지가 통계적 메시지보다 효과적인 것으로 나타났으며, 사회지향 메시지는 통계 적 메시지가 내러티브 메시지보다 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 이론적 함의를 논의하고, 실무적 으로 효과적인 결핵예방 캠페인 메시지 전략을 제안하였다.

This study analyzed the effective message strategy for the TB prevention campaign. This study examined the differences in the perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, and behavior intention according to the message orientation(individual-social) and the message presentation style(statistical-narrative). The results showed that individual message is more effective than social message in terms of perceived susceptibility and perceived severity. There was no significant difference between statistical and narrative messages. Finally, in the case of individual message, narrative messages were more effective than statistical messages; and in the case of social message, social messages were more effective than narrative messages. Based on these results, theoretical implications were discussed and a practical strategy for TB prevention campaign were proposed.

Purpose: Based on the health belief model and theory of planned behavior, this study investigated how age group (adolescence and emerging adulthood) moderated the relative effects of perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, and subjective norms on preventive behavior against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: This secondary data analysis utilized data from adolescents (n=272) and emerging adults (n=239). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed to test the moderating effect of age group on the relationships among variables. Results: Higher perceived susceptibility (β=.21, p<.001), perceived severity (β=.14, p=.002), subjective norms (friends) (β=.26, p<.001), subjective norms (parents) (β=.44, p<.001), and subjective norms (schools) (β=.28, p<.001) enhanced COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Moderated regression analysis showed that subjective norms (friends and school) impacted preventive behavior in adolescents more than in emerging adults. Conclusion: Given the need to increase perceived susceptibility and severity among adolescents and emerging adults, these findings provide baseline data for designing effective COVID-19 prevention interventions that consider the developmental characteristics of different age groups. Interventions by health centers at universities can strengthen COVID-19 preventive behavior among emerging adults. As adolescents are influenced by friends, their peer roles must be strengthened to enhance adherence to COVID-19 preventive guidelines.

2017년 한국을 비롯한 세계 각국에서 살충제 오염 달걀이 발견되어 큰 이슈가 되었다. 본 연구는 살충제 오염 달걀 사태의 맥락에서 건강 관련 연구에서 자주 인용되는 건강신념모형의 두 가지 변인인 지각한 민감성과 심각성, 정부에 대한 지각인 정부에 대한 신뢰성과 정부 출처 정보에 대한 평가, 및 관련 지식에 대한 개인의 확신을 의미하는 주관적 지식이 예방행동의도에 영향을 미치는지를 알아보았다. 단계적 회귀분석 결과 최종적으로 지각한 심각성(β=.262, t=3.531, p<0.001), 정부에 대한 신뢰성(β=.252, t=3.281, p<0.001), 정부 출처 정보에 대한 평가(β=.226, t=2.936, p<0.01)가 예방적 행동의도를 예측하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 향후 유사한 사태가 발생할 때 정부가 신뢰성, 정확성, 일관성의 견지에서 정책을 시행해야 함을 시사한다.

Found pesticide-contaminated eggs in 2017, the situation became a hot issue in many countries in the world as well as Korea. In the context of the pesticide-contaminated egg, this study explored that preventive behavioral intention would be predicted by perceived susceptibility and severity from health belief model, trust in the government and evaluation of information from the government, and subjective knowledge. We found that preventive behavioral intention was explained by perceived severity (β=.262, t=3.531, p<0.001), trust in the government (β=.252, t=3.281, p<0.001), and evaluation of the information from the government (β=.226, t=2.936, p<0.01) through stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. The findings imply the government would administer policy in terms of credibility, accuracy, and consistency for decreasing the public’s sense of unease and panic when a similar incident occurs.

This study aims to investigate the antecedent of consumer personal preventive equipment purchase behaviour by extending the HBM model after the pandemic. Pandemic related studies have focused on the effect of perceived susceptibility and perceived severity on consumer preventive behaviour, little studies have investigated the antecedents of consumer perceived risk. This study filled the gaps in the previous studies. This study tested all proposed hypotheses among users who have purchase the self-preventive behaviour. In final 253 valid data were collected through online survey for statistics analysis. This study found that consumer’s health consciousness significantly impacted consumer’s perceived severity of COVID-19 and perceived risk. Perceived risk positively impacted consumer self-preventive equipment purchase intention. In contrast, perceived susceptibility did not significantly consumer perceived risk. Based on these results, the theoretical implication will be offered on the study of health-related studies and will be given insight for disease control center to effectively manage consumer self-preventive behaviour.

Aims: A main reason for increasing incidence of cervical cancer worldwide is the lack of regular cervical cancer screening. Coverage and uptake remain major challenges and it is crucial to determine the perceived susceptibility to cervical cancer, as well as the benefits of, and barriers to, cervical cancer screening among women. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 369 women attending an outpatient centre in Malaysia and data were collected by administering a self-report questionnaire. Results: The majority of the participants (265, 71.8%) showed good level of perception of their susceptibility to cervical cancer. Almost all responded positively to four statements about the perceived benefits of cervical cancer screening (agree, 23.1% or strongly agree, 52.5%), whereas negative responses were received from most of the participants (agree, 29.9%or strongly agree, 14.6 %) about the eleven statements on perceived barriers. Significant associations were observed between age and perceived susceptibility($x^2$=9.030, p=0.029); between employment status (p<0.001) as well as ethnicity and perceived benefits (p<0.05 [P=0.003]); and between education and perceived barriers to cervical cancer screening (p<0.001). Conclusions: Perceived susceptibility, including knowledge levels and personal risk assessment, should be emphasized through education and awareness campaigns to improve uptake of cervical cancer screening in Malaysia.

본 연구는 건강신념모델과 보호동기이론에 기반해 감염병 상황에서 개인의 감염병 관련 지각된 의료지식수준과 학습행동의도 간 관계를 탐구하고, 이에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 분석하였다. 특히, 개인의 지각된 의료지식수준에 따라 감염병의 심각성 및 취약성 인식이 달라지는지, 자기효능감 수준에 따라 학습행동의도가 변하는지를 중점적으로 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 만 18 세 이상 성인 500명을 대상으로 온라인 설문조사를 실시하였고, SPSS PROCESS macro model 80을 이용하여 심각성, 취약성, 자기효능감의 다중매개효과를 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 지각된 의료지식수준이 높을수록 심각성, 취약성, 자기효능감을 높게 지각하며, 학습행동의도 역시 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 취약성과 자기효능감은 지각된 의료지식수준과 학습행동의도 간 관계를 매개하였으나, 심각성은 매개효과를 보이지 않았다. 이는 의료지식 수준이 높아짐에 따라 심각성을 높게 인식하더라도 학습행동의도에는 유의한 영향을 미치지 않음을 시사한다. 본 연구는 지각된 의료지식수준과 학습행동의도의 관계를 다중매개효과를 통해 분석함으로써 이론적 확장을 도모하였으며, 의료지식 향상을 위한 정책 및 프로그램 개발을 통해 자기효능감과 학습행동의도를 높이고 예방적 행동을 촉진할 수 있는 전략 개발에 기여할 수 있다는 실무적 의의를 지닌다.

This study examines how medical knowledge of infectious diseases influences learning intentions through the Health Belief Model and Protection Motivation Theory. An online survey of 500 adults assessed the impact of medical knowledge on perceived severity, susceptibility, and self-efficacy, and their effects on learning intentions. Analysis using SPSS PROCESS macro model 80 revealed that higher medical knowledge enhances susceptibility and self-efficacy, leading to greater learning intentions. However, severity did not mediate this relationship. These findings suggest that increasing medical knowledge can strengthen self-efficacy and learning intentions, promoting preventive behaviors.

이 연구에서는 가족 식생활의 게이트키퍼인 주부들에게 연일 이어지는 광우병에 대한 미디어 보도가 미국산 쇠고기 구매에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 건강신념 모델(Health Belief Model: HBM)을 적용하였다. 분석 결과, 광우병에 대한 미디어 노출이 증가할수록 지각된 취약성과 지각된 심각성이 높아질 뿐만 아니라 쇠고기 구매 의도는 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 지각된 심각성과 지각된 취약성이 미국산 쇠고기 구매 의도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았는데, 지각된 심각성만이 구매 의도를 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해 인간광우병처럼 일상에서 경험할 수 없는 질병의 경우 전적으로 미디어 정보에 의존해야만 하기 때문에 노출이 많아짐에 따라 자신도 그러한 질병에 걸릴 수 있고, 걸렸을 경우에는 심각한 결과를 초래할 수 있다는 생각을 가지게 되며, 궁극적으로 구매 의도로까지 연결된다는 사실을 알 수 있었다. 또한 인간광우병에 대한 막연한 공포로 인해 체계적인 정보처리보다는 휴리스틱(heuristic)한 정보처리에 의해 구매행동이 결정될 가능성이 높다는 사실을 확인하였다.

With Health Belief Model(HBM), this study aims to investigate the influence of media coverage of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) for housewives on purchasing U.S. Beef. The results show that the more housewives are exposed to the media coverage, the more their perceived susceptibility and perceived severity increase and the less for the purchase intention of U.S. beef. And also this study shows that consumers depend heavily on media coverage for more information like BSE, which people can hardly experience in everyday life. In this context, people can think the more they are exposed to the media, the more anxieties they are likely to be affected with a disease leading to serious problems. Ultimately, the exposure to media coverage is related to a decrease in purchase intention.

현재 농사를 짓고 있는 농업인 295명을 대상으로 일대일 면담 방식의 설문조사를 통해 농작업 중 노출되는 미세먼지에 대한 인지된 감수성, 마스크 착용, 미세먼지 노출 관련 호흡기질환 예방교육의 참여의향 등을 조사하였다. 대상자의 평균 연령은 60.3세로 농사 경력은 평균 25.6년이었고 주 작목에 따른 실내 농작업자가 178명(60.9%), 실외 농작업자가 115명(39.1%)이었다. '직업 특성상, 농작업 중 노출되는 미세먼지로 부터 자신이 취약한 계층이라고 생각하는 지'에 대해서 112명(48.1%)이 '예'라고 하였고, 응답자 중 실내 농작업자가 66.7%이었다. '농작업 중 노출되는 미세먼지에 대한 인지된 감수성'의 점수는 5점 만점에서 평균 3.8점이었으며 호흡기질환 예방교육 참여 경험이 있는 집단은 4.1점, 경험이 없는 집단은 3.6점이었다. 작목군 중에서는 화훼 농업인이 평균 4.1점으로 가장 높았다. 성별(p=.004)과 직업특성상 자신이 미세먼지로부터 취약한 계층이라고 생각하는 지 여부(p=.004), 호흡기질환 예방교육 참여 경험 유무(p=.011)에서 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 미세먼지 노출에 대한 인지된 감수성과 미세먼지 관련 호흡기질환 예방교육 참여 의향간의 상관관계는 유의미한 양의 관계(r=.219, p<.001)를 보였고 인터넷이나 문자를 활용한 교육 방법(33.6%)을 가장 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 농업인의 농작업 관련 건강위험 인식 고조 및 미세먼지 등 유해물질의 직업적 노출 감소를 위해서 정부와 대중의 관심 증대라는 외부 기회를 활용하고, 농업인의 인식수준과 교육 욕구의 내부 강점을 사용하는 전략으로써 다양한 교육 콘텐츠 개발이 이루어져야 할 것이다.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate health risk awareness pertaining to fine dust exposure and the use of face masks in farmers, as well as their attitude toward education regarding fine dust-related respiratory disease prevention. Methods: In total, 295 farmers were interviewed in a survey using a structured questionnaire to obtain data on general characteristics, farming-related characteristics, health risk awareness pertaining to fine dust exposure, attitude toward education on fine dust-related respiratory disease prevention and the use of face masks. This study was analyzed the correlation between the perceived susceptibility to fine dust exposure and willingness to participate in education on fine dust-related respiratory disease prevention. Results: The mean score for perceived susceptibility to fine dust exposure was 3.8 (out of 5), and the participants were highly willing to receive education on fine dust-related respiratory disease prevention. In Multiple response analysis of reactions to exposure to fine dust generated during work, 221 participants responded that they practiced at least one preventive action; participants gave a positive response to "wearing masks" (56.1%), "personal hygiene, such as hand washing." (52.9%). In terms of education methods, 94 (33.6%) participants preferred to learn online or via text messages. Conclusions: The significant correlation between the perceived susceptibility to fine dust exposure and willingness to participate in education on fine dust-related respiratory disease prevention shows the importance of promoting education on prevention. The results of this study can help understand as reference for education on fine dust-related respiratory disease prevention.

본 연구는 성매개감염병 예방을 위한 건강신념 중 감수성과 심각성 인식을 측정하기 위한 도구개발 및 개발된 도구의 타당도와 신뢰도를 검증하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다. 연구대상은 국내 C시의 대학생 163명이었고 2017년 9월에 자료 수집을 하였다. 도구개발은 문헌분석 결과에 따라 1차 문항작성 후 내용타당도 검증, 전문가그룹 면담, 감염취약군 대상 심층면담 과정을 거쳐 예비조사를 실시한 후 성매개감염병에 대한 감수성 10문항, 심각성인식 10문항으로 개발하였다. 도구검증은 문항분석을 위해 요인분석과 신뢰도검증을 이용하였고, 요인분석의 공통성 초기추정값으로 다중상관계수의 제곱, 인자패턴행렬 추정은 반복적 주축인자법, 초기인자패턴행렬 회전방법은 직교회전방법을 이용하였다. 도구의 신뢰도 검증은 SAS 9.4를 활용하여 Cronbach 알파 값을 산출하여 분석하였다. 연구결과 대학생의 성매개감염병 예방을 위한 건강신념 측정도구는 감수성 6문항, 심각성인식 9문항 총 15문항으로 구성되었다. 본 측정도구를 국내 대학생들의 성매개감염병 예방교육 프로그램 개발을 위한 건강신념 측정도구로 사용하기를 제안한다.

The objective of this research is to verify the validity and reliability of the perceived susceptibility and seriousness in health belief model for prevention of STD. Participants were recruited from university students in Korea during September 4-16, 2017 and the data were collected from 163 students. In the development of the tool, the contents of the questionnaire were first analyzed and the validity of the contents was verified. Through the group-interviews of the experts and close-interviews of the vulnerable group, the preliminary questionnaire were developed with 10 items of the susceptibility, 10 items of severity recognition. For the verification of questionnaire of susceptibility and severity recognition as tools, the factor analysis and reliability verification were carried out. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient analysis was used and the statistical analysis used the SAS 9.4. In conclusion, susceptibility and severity recognition in health belief model for the prevention of STD in college students were consisted of 6 items of susceptibility, 9 items of perceived seriousness, totaling of 15 items. The tool developed in this research is proposed to be used as a measuring tool of the perceived susceptibility and seriousness in health belief model for the preventive educational programs for college students.

Purpose: This study was designed to identify the relationship between quality of life, perceived health status, perceived susceptibility severity to recurrence of cancer and character of object in cancer patients to provide the basic data of effective nursing interventions. Method: The subject of this study was randomly chosen from the patients diagnosed of cancer and being hospitalised or receiving chemotherapy as outpatients, at a Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine of a university hospital located in Seoul. The tool used in this study was a measurement tool for quality of life (${\alpha}=.829$), perceived health status (${\alpha}=.903$), and perceived susceptibility and severity for cancer recurrence (${\alpha}=.860$). The collected data were analysed using SPSS PC 12.0 Programme for real number, percentage, average, standard deviation, Pearson's Correlation, t-test and ANOVA, according to the purpose of this study. Result: 1) The score of quality of life in cancer patients was 3.64 point, perceived health status was 2.62 and perceived susceptibility severity to recurrence of cancer was 2.41. 2) There was a significant difference in the quality of life according to general characteristics, such as level of education, occupation, level of activity, pain, medication period, diagnosis, disease stage, purpose of medication, and recurrence. There was a significant difference in perceived health status according to age, level of activity, pain, diagnosis, purpose of medication, and recurrence. There was a significant difference in perceived susceptibility severity to recurrence of cancer according to age, level of education, and pain. 3) The cancer patients' quality of life showed significant correlation with perceived health status, perceived susceptibility severity to recurrence of cancer, pain, job, treatment purpose, relapse. The perceived health status showed significant correlation with perceived susceptibility severity to recurrence of cancer, pain, treatment purpose, relapse. The perceived susceptibility severity to recurrence of cancer showed significant correlation with pain. The relapse showed significant correlation with treatment purpose. The cancer patients' quality of life, perceived health status, and perceived susceptibility and severity for cancer recurrence, as confirmed above, showed differences according to the related factors of each subject, and it was also confirmed that those factors were significantly related with general characteristics. Upon these results, I suggest further studies on the factors that affect the cancer patients' quality of life.

This study was designed to examine how the source identification of fine dust emissions determines restaurants’ response behaviors. Results found that when the local factor identified as the main cause of find dust emissions had a greater effect on fine dust reduction behavioral intention than the foreign factor, while the different cause identification of fine dust emissions did not have any significant effect on prevention behavioral intention. Such an effect was significantly moderated by degrees of perceived certainty of health threats. More specifically, respondents with high certainty of health threats reported greater reduction behavioral intention than individuals with low certainty. In addition, this study revealed that the significant moderating effect of certainty of health threats on the link between the source identification of fine dust emissions and reduction behavior intention was also moderated by perceived susceptibility of health risks. Based on these findings, this study confirmed that the source identification of fine dust emission, and the certainty and susceptibility of health risks are very important determinants of reduction behavioral intention.