Earticle

연구의 목적은 첫째, 피트니스 센터의 종사자 진정성을 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 심층면접과 전문가 회의를 통해 피트니스 센터 종사자 진정성의 속성과 구조를 파악하고자 하였다. 연구결과, 피트니스 센터의 종사자에 대한 진정 성 속성은 리더차원(동료, 유대, 지원)와 센터차원(보호, 비전, 공정, 보상)으로 파악되었다. 두 번째, 연구목적은 피트 니스 센터의 종사자 진정성과 직무만족, 조직몰입, 고객지향성의 구조적 관계를 규명하는 것이다. 연구대상은 피트니스 센터 종사자 243명이다. 자료처리는 구조방정식 모형분석을 실시하였다. 모형의 적합도를 확인한 후 개별 가설들을 검 증하였다. 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 리더 진정성과 센터 직정성은 직무만족에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 센터 진정성은 조직몰입에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤으나, 리더 진정성은 조직몰입에 영향을 미치지 못했다. 셋째, 직무만 족은 조직몰입에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤다. 넷째, 직무만족은 고객지향성에 영향을 미치지 못했다. 다섯째, 조직몰입은 고 객지향성에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다.

The purpose of this first study was to analyze authenticity to the workers of fitness center. To achieve objectives of this study, a survey was using the in-depth technique and experts' consultation which understanding the attributes and structure. Analysis of the data showed that authenticity to the workers of fitness center provided attributes were leader dimension(colleague, connectedness, education), center dimension(protection, vision, fairness, reward). The second purpose of this study was to examine the structural relationship between authenticity to the workers of fitness center, job satisfaction, organization commitment, customer orientation. The subjects of the study were 243 questionnaires who worker of fitness center. Data analysis used for SEM analysis. After confirming the test of goodness of fit of a model, individual hypotheses was verified. The results were as follows: First, authenticity to the workers of leader dimension and center dimension had a positive influence on job satisfaction. Second, authenticity to the workers of center dimension had a positive influence on organization commitment. But authenticity of leader dimention had a non-influence organization commitment. Third, job satisfaction had a positive influence on organization commitment. Fourth, job satisfaction had a non-influence on customer orientation. Fifth, organization commitment had a positive influence on customer orientation.

기업의 구성원들은 개인이 가지고 있는 기술, 지식, 능력 등을 조직에 제공 하고 이에 대한 대가를 조직에게서 부여받는 방식으로 관계를 지속한다. 이 러한 기업에게서 받는 대가는 임금 등의 금전적인 보상과 명예, 복리후생 등의 비금전적인 보상 등을 받게 된다. 이러한 서로의 상호작용 속에서 기 업 조직의 구성원들은 공정성 문제를 항상 생각하게 된다. 따라서 본 연구 에서는 조직공정성이 기업성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지를 살펴보고자 한다. 연구 결과 조직공정성은 직무만족, 조직몰입에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타 났다. 하지만 매출액증가에는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

Members of the private companies have the skills, knowledge, abilities, etc. In return for providing the organization from the organization granted a way to continue the relationship. From these companies in exchange for monetary compensation, such as wages and honors, including non -monetary benefits, and receive a reward. Interaction with each other in these companies are members of the organization to always think about the fairness issue. In this study, the performance of the company fairness affect whether any will be discussed. Organizational justice research on job satisfaction, organizational commitment influence. But that does not affect sales growth, respectively.

Purpose: The demand for advanced practice nurses (APNs) has increased globally due to a shortage of physicians and an increased demand for high-quality healthcare. Research is needed on the enhancement of advanced practice nurses' organization commitment. Organization commitment (OC) directly impacts the retention of APNs. This study aims to identify the key factors affecting the OC of advanced practice nurses. Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at the largest hospital in South Korea. A total of 189 APNs answered survey questions. A partial least squares-structural equation modeling method was employed to analyze the survey responses. Results: A pay scale of APNs is positively associated with person-organization fit (POF). However, the effect of job location and computer self-efficacy on POF is not significant. Job satisfaction plays a salient direct role in supervision and POF. Job satisfaction is also a significant moderator in the relationship between supervision and POF. POF is significantly associated with both OC and supervision. Supervision has a positive effect on organization commitment. Conclusions: Pay scale, job satisfaction, supervision, and POF are significant factors affecting organization commitment. Establishing an intra-organization entity, such as APN steering committee, to ensure mutual consensus and transparent communication between administrators and APNs would enhance POF, the rating of supervision, and organization commitment.

본 연구의 목적은 육군 재복무 간부를 대상으로 고용안정성, 조직문화, 갈등요인이 직무만족과 조직 몰입에 미치는 영향을 실증분석하는 것이다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 재복무 간부는 높은 직위안정성을 보이고 있다. 둘째, 재복무 간부들은 직무만족과 조직몰입에 모두 높은 평균값을 보이고 있다. 셋째, 재복무 간부의 연령에 따른 집단별 평균차이 분석결과, 직위안정성의 경우 연령 대가 높아질수록 낮게 인식하는 경향이 발견되었다. 넷째, 재복무 간부의 재복무 유형에 따른 집단별 평균차이 분석결과, 재임용 간부가 재임관 간부보다 조직문화의 평균값이 높게 나타났다 마지막으 로, 다중회귀분석을 시행한 결과, 직위안정성은 직무만족과 조직몰입에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 확인되었다. 반면, 조직문화와 개인간 갈등이 조직몰입에 영향을 미치며, 직무만족은 부분매개역할 을 하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 본 연구는 육군 재복무 간부에 관한 국내 연구가 미흡한 상황에서 시도된 최초의 탐색적 실증연구로서 의의가 있다. 따라서 향후 연구를 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

The purpose of this study is to empirically analyze the effects of job security, organizational culture, and conflict factors on job satisfaction and organizational commitment of re-enlisted officers in the army of Republic of Korea. The findings of this study are as follows. First, most of the re-enlisted officers had a high job security. Second, their job satisfaction and organizational commitment levels were high on average. Third, the positional stability of older-aged group was found to be lower. Fourth, according to the types of re-enlisted officers, the average score of organizational culture was higher for re-employed officers than reappointed officers, which is due to the difference of selection system. Lastly, multiple regression analysis showed that job security did not have a significant effect on job satisfaction or organizational commitment, On the other hand, organizational culture and interpersonal conflict affect organizational commitment, and job satisfaction was confirmed to act as a partial medium.

This study investigated the relationship between nurses' Career Commitment and Organizational Commitment, and the moderating effect of individual career-related characteristics (age, tenure, position, number of department change, number of hospital change) on the relationship between career commitment and organizational commitment. The sample for this study consisted of 594 nurses from 8 large Korean hospitals. And the factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, multiple regression analysis and two-way ANOVA were used for the statistical methods. Research was found that (1) career commitment and the two dimensions of organizational commitment(affective and transactional) were validated as distinct concepts for Korean nurses. (2) career commitment showed positive influence on the two dimension of organizational commitment, (3) all individual career-related characteristics did not moderated the effect of career commitment on affective commitment, but (4) number of career department change and of hospital change among career-related characteristics moderated the effect of career commitment on transactional commitment. Theoretical and practical implication of these result were discussed in the conclusion.

이 연구에서는 먼저 개인-조직, 개인-직무, 개인-상사 부합이 서로 구분되는 독립적인 개념임을 밝히고, 이러한 세 가지 유형의 부합이 개인의 조직몰입, 직무만족, 이직의도에 미치는 영향이 서로 다르다는 것을 검증하였다. 또한 세 가지 부합유형들이 서로 상호작용하여 개인의 태도에 영향을 미칠 것이라는 가절을 실증적으로 검증하였다. 연구를 위하여 312명의 현직자들에게 설문 조사를 실시하였다. 연구결과, 조직구성원들은 개인-조직 부합, 개인-직무 부합, 개인-상사 부합을 각각 독립적으로 인식하였으며, 세 부합 유형들은 각각 개인의 특정 태도와 더 관련이 있었다. 구체적으로, 개인-조직 부합은 조직몰입과 가장 강하게 관련되어 있었고, 개인-직무 부합은 직무만족과 이직의도와 가장 강하게 관련되어 있었다. 또한 이 연구의 주관심사였던 세 가지 부합들간의 상호작용에 대한 6개 가설 중에서 3개가 지지되었다. 구체적으로, 개인-직무 부합과 개인-상사 부합은 개인-조직간 부합과 조직몰입간의 관계를 조절하였고, 개인-조직 부합은 개인-직무 부합과 직무만족간의 관계를 조절하였다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 연구의 의의와 제한점, 그리고 추후 연구과제를 논의하였다.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Person-Organization(P-O), Person-Job(P-J), and Person-Supervisor(P-S) fit on person`s attitude. Also, this study was conducted to identify whether the three types of fit have interaction effects on person`s attitude. For this study, survey data were collected from 312 employees. The result of this study showed that people perceive P-O fit, P-J fit, and P-S fit separately, and each type of fit affects person`s attitude differently. Organization commitment was predicted most highly by P-O fit. P-J fit explained most highly job satisfaction and intent to turnover. Also, the interaction hypotheses on relationship among three fits which were main interest in this study were partially supported. Based on these results, the implication and limitation of this study were discussed. Also, the direction for future study was discussed.

본 연구는 경기 성남 용인 지역 학교 영양사 60명, 조리원 240명을 대상으로 학교급식소의 인적 자원 관리 활동의 수행수준에 대한 인식도와 조직 몰입도를 살펴보고, 생산성을 분석하여 이들 요소 간의 상관관계를 조사하였다. 또한 정규직원과 비정규직원이 인적 자원 관리 활동과 조직 몰입도에 차이가 있는지를 살펴보았다. 응답자는 모두 여성이고, 60.3%가 40대, 89.3%가 기혼자이며, 42.0%가 1년~3년의 근무 경력을 지녔고 정규직이 53.6%, 비정규직이 47.3%였다. 인적 관리 활동은 '인력 확보', '직원 교육', '경력 개발', '보상관리', '근로 조건', '근로 환경', '이직 관리', '수행력 평가' 8요인으로 분류되었고, 이들 영역 중에서 학교급식소는 '직원 교육'을 가장 활발하게 전개하고 있었다. 그러나 보상 관리, 근로 조건 영역의 활동이 부족한 것으로 나타나서 업무성과에 따른 보상, 보상제도, 복리 후생 제도에 선택권 부여, 다양한 직원혜택에 관한 개발이 필요하였다. 고용유형별로는 정규직(2.75)이 비정규직(2.55)보다 근로 환경을 제외한 모든 영역에서 인적 관리 활동을 더 높게 평가하였다(P<0.001). 특히 인력 확보 관리, 채용의 공정성, 신입직원 오리엔테이션, 수행력 기준의 적합성, 수행력 평가의 공정성면에서 비정규직원이 낮게 평가하였다. 직영 학교급식소의 생산성은 작업시간당 급식수는 13.7명, 1식당 작업소요시간 4.5분, 한 끼 식사당 인건비는 500원, 정규직원 1인당 1일 급식수는 109.6명으로 나타났다. 인적 자원 관리, 조직몰입도, 생산성의 관계 분석에서는 인적 관리 활동 중에서 수행력 평가 영역만 조직 몰입도에 긍정적 영향력을 미쳤고(${\beta}$=0.292, P<0.05), 직영학교급식소의 인적 자원 관리 활동과 급식생산성(작업시간당 급식소)은 양의 상관관계(r=0.432, P<0.001)를, 직원의 조직 몰입도와 생산성도 양의 상관관계를 보였다(r=0.36, P<0.01). 이상의 결과에서 학교급식 관리자는 급식생산성은 인적 자원 관리 활동과 조직 몰입도에 높은 상관관계가 있음을 인식하고 조직의 성공적 운영을 위하여 조직 목적에 적합한 인적 자원 관리 활동의 계획과 실행이 가능하도록 더욱 주의를 기울여야 할 것이다. 또한 직무 수행력 평가는 직무 몰입도 향상에 주요 영향인자임을 인식하고 비정규직 비율이 높은 학교급식의 특성을 감안하여 정규직원뿐 아니라 비정규직원의 니즈를 반영한 인적 자원 관리 활동과 직무 평가시스템의 구축을 이룩하여야 할 것이다. 또한 본 연구 결과에서 보상 관리 활동의 적극적 전개가 요구되었는데 "업무 성과에 따른 보상", "개인 또는 팀별 보상제도"와 근로 조건 "경쟁력 있는 급여", "승진기회의 공정성"의 개선이 이루어질 수 있도록 객관적 평가 기준을 마련하고 공정한 평가를 직원들의 사기 진작이 필요하겠다. 특히 비정규직원 교육에 주의를 기울이고, 보상 체계를 유연하게 구사한다면 조직 몰입도와 더불어 생산성은 더욱 향상될 것이라 사료된다.

As the foodservice industry is labor intensive, the efficient management of human resources is an essential element for improving operational efficiency. This study was designed to investigate the performance level of human resource management in self-operated school foodservices and to examine the relationship between human resource management, organizational commitment, and productivity. Whether these factors rated differently by employment and job types was also examined. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 60 dieticians and 240 cooks in Seongnam and Yongin. Frequency analysis, factor analysis, the t-test and multiple regression analysis were tested using Minitab. Human resource management practices rated highly in the dimension of employee training (3.51), followed by working environment (3.39), and turnover management (3.37). In contrast, reward management (1.73) and working condition (1.56) received the lowest score. Organizational commitment scored 3.65 points, and showed that dedication (3.82) was the highest score; however, self-esteem (3.50) was the lowest score. For human resource management, there were significant differences between employment types as full time workers (3.85) rated management more highly than part-time worker (3.43). Overall productivity was fairly high, especially in high school foodservices. Only the performance appraisal had an influence on organizational commitment (${\beta}$=0.292, P<0.05). Productivity was positively correlated with human resource management (r=0.432, P<0.001) and organizational commitment (r=0.36, P<0.01). In conclusion, school foodservices need to establish objective performance standards, and increase employee morale by enhancing reward systems and working conditions. In particular, irregular employees require training with job performance standards and given a proper reward program, depending on their performance, to improve organizational commitment.

최근 발생하고 있는 범죄는 심각하고 흉포화 되었다. 이러한 특성은 그 범죄를 수사하는 경찰에게도 심각한 영향을 미치고 있다. 이러한 범죄를 접하는 경찰관도 인간이기 때문에 심리적인 미칠 수 있다. 실제로 많은 수사관련 경찰관이 큰 사건을 겪은 이후 수사 부서를 떠나거나, 경찰직을 그만두고 있다. 이러한 문제에 대하여 본 연구에서는 외상 후 스트레스 장애(Post Traumatic Stress Disorder; PTSD)가 실제 경찰관에게 미치는 영향을 살펴보고 이러한 영향이 조직몰입에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 과각성, 회피, 침습, 수면장애를 외상 후 스트레스 장애의 하위영역으로 설정하고, 조직몰입을 정서적 몰입, 지속적 몰입, 규범적 몰입으로 하위영역으로 나누었다. 측정을 위하여 만들어진 설문지는 대구지방경찰청 소속 경찰관 중 수사경과를 가지고 있는 형사부서 경찰관을 대상으로 설문을 실시하여 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 외상 후 스트레스 장애의 하위요인 중 침습이 정서적 몰입에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 회피는 지속적 몰입에 유의미한 영향을 미친다고 나타났고, 침습과 회피는 규범적 몰입에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

Recent crime is serious. The police who investigate crime seriously impact. It is a psychological impact on the police. police officer or police investigation leaves many great events that have suffered since. In this study, post-traumatic stress disorder (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder; PTSD) have studied the impact policeman impact on organizational commitment. In order to measure post-traumatic stress disorder and divide this study, arousal, avoidance, invasive, post-traumatic stress disorder and sleep disorders in the sub-region. Organizational commitment and affective commitment, continuance commitment and normative commitment divided. We were in Daegu Metropolitan Police Agency survey of police officers belonging to the investigation officer. As a result, the impact on affective commitment invasion. To avoid the influence on continuance commitment. Avoidance of invasive and normative factors had influenced. With the help of information technology.

본 연구는 요양보호사의 직무만족이 조직몰입에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 분석하고자 하였다. 연구대상은 전라남도 동부지역의 노인장기요양기관에서 근무하는 요양보호사 230명을 대상으로 우편조사를 실시하였으며, 결측값을 제외한 141부를 분석자료 활용하였다. 조사자료는 SPSS 18.0을 이용하여 빈도분석, 신뢰도분석, t/F-test, 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과는 첫째, 요양보호사의 개인적 특성과 직무특성에 따른 조직몰입 차이는 개인적 특성 중 연령과 직무특성 중 기관유형, 근무형태에 따라 조직몰입이 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 요양보호사의 개인적 특성과 직무환경 변인을 통제한 상태에서 요양보호사의 직무만족이 조직몰입에 미치는 영향력을 분석한 위계적 회귀분석 결과, 직무만족이 조직몰입에 가장 큰 영향이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 요양보호사들의 조직몰입 수준을 결정짓는 것은 자신의 직무에 대한 만족에 따라 달라짐을 의미한다.

The purpose of this study was to empirically analyze the effect that the job satisfaction of care workers would have on the organization commitment. For this study, 230 care workers were surveyed via mail who were working at the long-term recuperation institutes for the elderly located in the eastern part of Jeollanam-do. 141 sets of questionnaires were used for analysis, excluding those with missing data. The collected data were processed by using the SPSS 18.0 to conduct the frequency analysis, reliability analysis, t/F-test, and hierarchical regression analysis. The results of analysis suggested the followings : First, the difference in organization commitment based on individual characteristics and job characteristics of care workers was found to exist, depending on the age related to individual characteristics and types of institutes and work types related to the job characteristics. Second, hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to analyze the effect that the job satisfaction of care workers would have on organization commitment. With the individual characteristics and occupation environment variables of care workers being controlled, it was found that the job satisfaction of care workers had the greatest effect on organization commitment. This implies that the extent of job satisfaction determines the commitment level of care workers for the concerned job.

본 연구는 인사제도에 대한 구성원의 인식과 조직몰입 및 이직의도 간의 관계에서 내용적 경력정체성이 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 검토했다. 이를 위하여 본 연구는 내용적 경력정체성을 독립변수인 교육훈련제도와 평가보상제도, 종속변수인 조직몰입과 이직의도간의 매개변수로 설정한 연구 모형을 설정하였다. 본 연구 모형을 실증하기 위해 보건의료업종의 근로자 442명으로부터 수집된 데이터를 대상으로 공분산구조분석 결과, 교육훈련제도에 대한 구성원의 인식은 조직몰입에 정(+)의 영향을 미치고, 이직의도에는 부(-)의 영향을 미쳤으나, 평가보상제도에 대한 인식은 조직몰입과 이직의도에 직접적인 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 매개 분석 결과, 내용적 경력정체성은 교육훈련제도 인식도가 조직몰입과 이직의도에 미치는 효과를 간접 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 구성원들의 조직몰입과 이직의도를 관리하는데 있어 내용적 경력정체성을 적극적으로 관리할 필요가 있으며, 그 관리 방법으로서 조직 내 인사제도들에 대한 구성원들의 인식을 충분히 검토하여 제도 설계와 시행이 필요함을 시사하고 있다.

This study was to draw some managerial implications by examining the role of content career plateau, an individual's perception that one's own career is stagnated, in the relationship between the members' perception on HR practices and organizational commitment/turnover intention. The result showed that the perception on education/training practices has positive influence on organizational commitment, and a negative effect on turnover intention and career plateau. However, the perception on evaluation/compensation was shown to have no direct impact either on organizational commitment or on turnover intention. In addition, career plateau served as a partial mediator only between the perception on education/training practices and the attitudinal variables. Based on the results, some managerial/practical implications and suggestions for future research on career plateau are discussed.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the impact of Organizational Culture on job satisfaction and organizational commitment in nursing organization. Methods: The sample consisted of 264 nurses of 2 tertiary medical institutions. The instruments used in this study were the nursing organizational culture questionnaire (Han, 2001), job satisfaction scale (Paula, 1978), and Organizational Commitment scale (Mowday et al., 1979). The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, t-test, Pearson Correlation. Coefficient, and multiple regression using the SPSS Win 14.0 program. Results: The dominant organizational culture of nursing organization was rank-oriented culture. The mean score of job satisfaction and organizational commitment was 3.28 and 3.40 respectively. Organizational commitment and Job satisfaction were positively correlated with affiliative-oriented culture, innovative-oriented culture, and task-oriented culture. Affiliative-oriented and task-oriented culture were major variables influencing on job satisfaction and affiliative-oriented culture was a major variable influencing organizational commitment. Conclusion: Organizational culture, especially affiliative-oriented culture had a significant influence on nurses' job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Therefore, we have to develop strategies to enhancing the affiliative-oriented culture to improve the job satisfaction and organizational commitment of nurses.

Purpose: This study examines how the types of organizational culture at a public health center affect job satisfaction and organization commitment of nurses. Method: The study selected 139 nurses from six public health centers located in G city, J province as subjects. The data was collected from April 1 to May 31 in 2008. Result: In regard to type of organizational culture had significant correlation with both job satisfaction and organization commitment, job satisfaction and organization commitment also showed high correlation. Concerning type of organizational culture, two variables of affiliated culture and innovative culture explained 26.3% of job satisfaction and 29.3% of organization commitment. Conclusion: The job satisfaction and organization commitment of nurses varied according to types of organizational culture of a public health center, and showed high correlation. The more affiliated and innovative the organizational culture was, the higher job satisfaction and organization commitment turned out. Therefore, it is advisable to develop a strategy that systematically creates a affiliated and innovative organizational culture that pays attention to goal achievement of the nurse.

본 연구의 목적은 직장인이 참여하고 있는 개인 및 집단 여가활동에 따른 여가만족, 직무만족 및 조직몰입에서의 차이를 살펴보고, 직무만족이 여가만족과 조직몰입 간의 관계를 매개하는지의 여부를 검증하는 데 있다. 본 연구는 전라북도 지역의 553명의 조직 내 직장인들을 대상으로 여가활동과 여가만족, 직무만족 및 조직몰입에 대한 자료를 설문지를 통하여 수집하였다. 설문지의 신뢰도는 Cronbach's 값이 여가만족=.936, 직무만족=.923, 조직몰입=.846으로 나타났고, 타당도는 확증적 요인분석을 통해 확인하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS 19.0과 AMOS 19.0을 이용하여 t 검증, 상관분석, 구조방정식 모형 검증을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 개인과 집단 여가활동에 따라 여가만족, 직무만족 및 조직몰입에서 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타나 집단 여가활동에 참여하는 직장인이 개인 여가활동에 참여하는 직장인보다 여가만족, 직무만족 및 조직몰입 수준이 높은 것을 확인하였다. 또한 직무만족은 개인 여가활동 참여자들과 집단 여가활동 참여자들 모두에게서 여가만족과 조직몰입 간의 관계에서 완전매개역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 직장인이 집단 여가활동에 참여하는 것은 여가만족 수준을 높이고, 여가만족이 직무만족 수준에 영향을 주며 궁극적으로 조직몰입에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 본 연구의 의의와 제한점 및 추후 연구를 위한 시사점에 대해 논의하였다.

The purpose of this study was to examine the difference in leisure satisfaction, job satisfaction and organization commitment according to individual vs group leisure activity and to find out whether job satisfaction mediate relationship of leisure satisfaction and organization commitment. Participants of this study were 553 employees of various organizations in Jeonbuk. Reliability Cronbach's of questionnaire was .936～.846 and validity was verified by applying confirmatory factor analysis. The collected data were statistically analyzed through t-test, correlational analysis and Structural Equation Model(SEM) with SPSS 19.0 and AMOS 19.0. As a result, we found that there were significant differences between individual and group leisure activity on leisure satisfaction, job satisfaction and organization commitment. so the employees who participated in group leisure activity is higher than employees who participated in individual leisure activity. Also, job satisfaction fully mediated the relationship between leisure satisfaction and organization commitment both employees who participated in individual and group leisure activity. In other words, we confirmed that participating in group leisure activity raised the level of leisure satisfaction, and leisure satisfaction effected on job satisfaction and organization commitment. Finally, we discussed significance, limitation of this study then implications for further research.

조직변화에 대한 구성원 저항과 관련한 선행연구에서 조직변화의 실천 주체인 조직구성원의 변화에 대한 태도를 변화 성패의 중요한 요인으로 인식하였다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 변화를 추진하는 과정에서 조직변화에 대한 구성원 저항에 영향을 미칠 것으로 판단되는 개인특성(관행추구 성향, 단기사고 성향, 통제 상실감)에 따라 변화에 대한 태도를 예측할 수 있다고 가정하고, 이러한 특성들이 개인차원의 저항 형태인 심리적 저항과 어떠한 관련성을 가지며, 저항의 결과인 조직몰입에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 실증적으로 밝히고자 하였다. 본 연구의 자료조사는 현재 조직변화를 추진하고 있는 국내 12개 기업의 구성원을 대상으로 한 설문조사를 활용하였다. 가설의 검증은 공분산 구조방정식 분석을 사용하였다. 연구모형의 추정결과에 따르면 개인적 특성으로 관행추구 성향이 높은 구성원의 경우, 조직변화에 대한 심리적 저항을 많이 나타내는 것을 발견하였으나, 단기사고 성향이 심리적 저항에 미치는 효과는 확인할 수 없었다. 또한 통제 상실감이 높은 구성원일수록 변화에 대한 심리적 저항을 많이 나타내는 것을 확인하였다. 결론적으로 구성원의 심리적 저항이 높을수록 조직몰입에 부정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 경쟁모형의 비교분석을 통해 최종모형을 추정한 결과 관행추구 성향과 통제 상실감이 심리적 저항에 미치는 영향은 유의하였다. 또한 통제 상실감이 조직몰입에 미치는 직접효과도 유의하게 나타났으나, 반면 심리적 저항의 간접효과는 확인할 수 없었다.

Resistance to change and the experience of individuals during change is increasingly of interest to practitioners and academics alike. In the past, much of the organizational change literature and research has focussed on the team or organizational level, and as a result, managers have tended to develop quite broad change strategies. However these high-level strategies are critical, what has not been as widely explored is the experience of individuals during times of change, with the clear purpose of supporting them in order to allow the organization to meet its change objectives. Change processes have therefore been situated in the core of organization's actions, which is why individual's psychological responses to such changes are becoming a key area of research, as well as a critical management issue. Furthermore, few have considered the combined role of personal characteristics of employee to organizational change. Recently, the literature on the psychological responses to change shows two clear perspectives. One focuses on identifying the psychological reactions to change, such as coping with change, readiness to change, openness to change, and resistance to change(Cunningham, Woodward, Shannon, Maclntosh, Lendrum, & Rosenbloom, 2002). The other addresses the influence of individual differences on psychological reactions to change(Dunham, Grube, Gardner, Cummings, and Pierce, 1989). More recently, the construct of dispositional resistance to change has been established as a key contributor to individuals' reactions to change(Oreg, 2003). In consideration of research trends, this study focuses on employee ‘dispositional resistance to change’ in relation to psychological resistance to organizational change. The concept taps individuals' inherent tendency to resist changes: while some people openly accept and adapt to changes, others show an inclination to avoid and oppose them. According to Oreg (2006), those who are dispositionally resistant to change are less likely to voluntarily initiate changes in their lives, and are more likely to form negative attitudes towards specific changes they encounter. In this study, dispositional resistance to change comprises three dimensions: routine seeking, short-term focus and, lose of control. First, routine seeking involves the extent to which individuals prefer conventional and highly predictable tasks, procedures, and environments. Second, short-term focus addresses the degree to which individuals worry about all inconveniences and discomfort that change brings about, instead of focusing on the potential benefits and comfort that it could bring in the long term. Third, Some researchers have suggested that people resist change because it often involves lose of control involved in change. The current study attempts to examine empirically individual characteristics (routine seeking, short-term focused thinking, reluctance to lose control)as antecedents that affect on those psychological resistance, and to empirically investigate how psychological resistance impacts on organizational commitment. In addition, this study empirically tests the moderating effect on the relationship between psychological resistance and organizational commitment. To collect the data for empirical analysis, 260 questionnaires were distributed for about 4 weeks to 230 employees in 12 Korean companies which were implementing organizational change, Out of the 260 questionnaires, 230 questionnaires were returned. From the 230 returned, a total of 212 were used for analysis. A summary of hypothesis test is as follows: First, a routine seeking personality is positively related to an employee's psychological resistance to organizational change. Second, short-term way of thinking is not significantly related to an employee's psychological resistance to organizational change. Third, lose of control was found to have a significant positive relationship with an employee's psychological resistance. It was found t...

Purpose: This study was to analyze the differences of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, nursing organization culture and intention of separation between national/public and private hospital nurses and thereby, provide for some basic data useful to effective management of nursing human resources and improve the organizational performances. Method: The researcher sampled 464 clinical nurses working for 4 national/public hospitals and the same number of private hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. The data collected from the questionnaire survey were statistically processed using the SPSS PC 12.0 program for $X^2$-test, T-test and ANCOVA. Result: 1) There was found no significant difference of job satisfaction scores between national/public hospitals and private hospitals. 2) National/public hospital nurses scored significantly higher than private hospital nurses on the organizational commitment scale. 3) There was no significant difference of nursing organization culture scores between national/public hospitals and private hospitals. 4) In the area of job experience, national/public hospital nurses scored lower than private hospital nurses, but such a difference was not significant. Conclusion: Difference between two groups was significant only in the area of organizational commitment. In terms of sub-areas, the difference between two groups was significant in professionalism conducive to job satisfaction.

Purpose: This research was done to identify relationships among job stress, fatigue, job satisfaction, and commitment to organization in emergency department nurses. Methods: Research participants were 513nurses who worked in the emergency department of 17 tertiary centers and 28 secondary hospitals. Data collection for this descriptive correlational study was done from May to July 2010 using self report questionnaires, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient with the SAS 9.2 program. Results: There were statistically significant differences in organizational commitment according to age, religion, total clinical experience, emergency department experience, current position,frequency of night shift, average sleep hours, wage level, numbers of beds in unit, and reason for working. A positive correlation was found between job stress and fatigue, and between job satisfaction and commitment to organization for the emergency department nurses and a negative correlation between job stress and Job satisfaction, and fatigue and Job satisfaction. Conclusion: Results of this research indicate that job stress in emergency department nurses was the principal variable affecting job satisfaction and commitment to organization along with fatigue. Appropriate stress management strategies based on identification of job stress for these nurses should lead to development of improved management of nursing manpower and a reduction in stress.

본 연구의 목적은 도서관 사서의 조직 헌신성과 조직시민행동이 조직효과에 미치는 영향을 분석하는데 있다. 이를 위해 도서관 사서의 헌신성, 조직시민행동, 조직효과가 사서의 연령, 사서경력, 그리고 고용형태에 따라 어떠한 차이가 있는지를 고찰하였으며, 세 변인 간의 상관관계 및 사서의 헌신성과 조직시민행동이 조직효과에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 연구결과와 논의를 토대로 얻어진 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 도서관 사서의 연령에 따른 조직시민 행동의 수준은 다른 집단보다 50세 이상이 더 높고, 조직효과의 수준은 29세 이하 집단이 높게 나타났다. 사서경력에 따른 조직시민행동은 15년 이상이 다른 집단보다 높은 수준이며, 조직효과는 1년 미만이 5~15년 미만보다, 15년 이상 집단이 5~15년 미만보다 높다. 고용형태에 따른 조직효과는 정규직보다 계약직 직원이 더 높다. 둘째, 변인들 간의 가장 높은 정적 상관은 유지적 헌신과 헌신성 전체, 비불평적 행동과 조직시민행동 전체, 양심적 행동과 조직시민 행동, 적극적 행동과 비불평적 행동의 순으로 높다. 셋째, 조직효과에 영향을 미치는 요인은 조직헌신성에서는 정서적 헌신이고, 조직시민행동에서는 적극적 참여행동이다. 조직효과에 대해 조직헌신성은 5.6%의 설명력을, 조직시민행동은 13.4%의 설명력을 가지고 있다. 조직효과에 영향을 미치는 주요 변인 중의 하나인 조직헌신성 수준을 높이기 위해서 조직의 리더는 정서적 헌신에 해당되는 소속감, 애착심, 가족적 친밀감을 형성하는데 노력해야 할 것이다. 조직시민행동 수준을 향상시키기 위해 사서들의 개인적 성장과 발전에 특별한 관심과 배려가 필요하며, 부서의 각종 행사에 적극적으로 참여할 수 있는 환경을 마련하는데 노력을 기울여야 할 것이다.

This study aims to explore the effect of a librarian's organizational commitment and Organization Citizenship Behavior (OCB) on organizational effectiveness in libraries. The following conclusions were drawn from the research procedures and data analysis. First, the librarian's organizational commitment make no difference by age level. The librarian's organizational commitment makes no difference by career. The librarian's organizational commitment and organization citizenship behavior make no difference by employment status. Second, the highest correlation is maintain commitment factor and all of the commitment. The second high correlation is sportsmanship behavior factor and all of the organization citizenship behavior. The third high correlation is conscientiousness behavior factor and all of the organization citizenship behavior. Third, the organizational effectiveness is affected 13.4% by a librarian's organization citizenship behavior, 5.6% by librarian's organizational commitment.

Nursing organization culture is common patterns of believing, thinking and behaving resulted from a variety of experiences and interaction nurses in the same setting. This study was performed based on the assumption of existence of different subcultures within meta-culture, to identify the differences of subculture among 5 nursing units and to analyze the relationship between nursing organization culture and organizational commitment In this study, two kinds of instruments were used. One was the instrument of nursing organization culture developed by researcher through literature review and interview with nurses. The other one was Mowday's Organizational Commitment Questionnaire to measure organizational commitment of nurses. Both of them were structured with 5 scale. The answers were analyzed using SPSS program. The results were as follows : The meta-culture of the nursing organization culture was the people stable culture. There were significant differences in people development culture and people stable culture among 5 nursing units and all 5 units had different culture score. Especially, emergency room had strong development culture, and stable culture was dominant in operating room. Other units except emergency room and operating room had high scores in people stable culture than other culture types, but revealed different distribution. There were significant differences of the nursing organizational culture types -people development, task development, people stable, task stable-among 5 units. Four types of nursing organizational culture consisted of competing values in one organization. Nurses's organizational commitments were sign ificantly different among the units. The score per ceived by nurses who work in emergency room, operating room and leu was higher commitment score than that of medical/surgical nursing units Nurse's commitment to nursing organization was also related to total work period as nurse in any setting and work period in this hospital. Organizational commitment was significantly different among the nursing culture types, indicating that the scores of developmental culture were higher than stable culture. In conclusion, there were many different subcultures in nursing organization. In subculture, the organizational commitment was different. Therefore, the change of nursing organization culture or nursing unit culture needs to be considered to hire, give orientation, teach. and reallocate nurses efficiently. Research on nursing organization culture using both qualitative and quantitative method needs to be further considered. Furthermore, the strategy in nursing organization culture for nursing administrator to manage human resources efficiently and to change nursing unit effectively, needs to be developed.

Purpose: This study was done to provide data that would contribute to effective task performance in clinical nursing and development of nursing professional by understanding job stress, job satisfaction and organizational commitment according to Life Organization (LIFO) behavior types of novice nurses. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey and the participants were 313 novice nurses who worked in one university hospital located in the city of Gwangju. Data were collected through the structured questionnaires that included general characteristics, job stress, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment scales. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and ANOVA with SPSS/WIN 19.0. Results: Regarding job stress according to LIFO behavior types of novice nurses, there were statistically significant differences between the favorable situation and the unfavorable situation. There were also statistically significant differences regarding the organizational commitment according to LIFO behavior types. Conclusion: The results indicate a difference in behavior patterns of novice nurses that suggest a need for education in order to reduce stress from the job and enhance organizational commitment by developing each nurse's preferred pattern and compensating for unfavorable patterns, as well. There also needs to be nursing resources that take into consideration behavior patterns of novice nurses.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the double mediating effect of effect of diversity sensitivity orientation and positive nursing organizational culture between diversity management and organizational commitment. Methods: Participants were 245 nurses working in six tertiary hospitals located in 3 different regions. Data collection was conducted from February 13, 2023 to March 6, 2023 through online self-reported questionnaire. The data were analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistics 27 and SPSS PROCESS Macro 4.2 program. Results: The direct effect of diversity management on organizational commitment was significant (β = .21, p < .001). The indirect effect of diversity management on organization commitment was .34 (95% confidence interval [CI] = .23~.47). The double mediating effect of diversity sensitivity orientation and positive nursing organizational culture in the relationship between diversity management and organizational commitment was .02 (95% CI = .00~.05). Conclusion: Diversity sensitivity orientation and positive nursing organizational culture show double mediating effect on the relationship between diversity management and organizational commitment. Education program and human resource management strategy for enhancing diversity management, diversity sensitivity orientation and positive nursing organizational culture should be provided to improve organizational commitment, and which are needed active support of the association and nursing organization.