Earticle

본 연구는 우리나라 산업의 효율성과 생산성을 DEA기법과 Malmquist지수를 이용하여 산업별로 평가하고 모범 산업을 벤치마킹하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 본고의 DMU는 우리나라 9개 산업, 즉 어업, 광업, 제조업, 전기 및 가스업, 건설업, 도매 및 소매업, 운수업, 사업 및 서비스업, 오락 및 문화업이며, 이 산업들의 종업원수와 고정자본을 투입요소로, 매출액을 산출물로 선정하였다. DEA 를 분석한 결과 첫째, 모든 기간에서 경영의 비효율이 규모의 비효율보다 더 크다는 것을 알 수 있 었다. 둘째, 규모의 변화를 보면 산업들이 2003년도에는 2002년도에 비해서 규모의 경제에 더 가 깝게 경영활동을 하였고, 2004년도는 2003년도에 비해 규모의 경제범위를 벗어나서 경영활동을 한 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 멤퀴스트 분석을 실시한 결과 첫째, 2000～2006년도에서 광업과 사업 서비스업을 제외하고 규모의 경제에 접근하고 있다. 둘째, 기술진보의 변화 ΔTECH는 모든 산업에 서 1보다 작게 나타나 기술의 퇴보로 인하여 규모의 경제에서 더 멀어지게 되었다는 것을 보여 준 다. 2000～2006년도 기간 동안에 전기 및 가스업은 선도산업으로 ΔTECH는 0.983으로 가장 크 며, 제조업의 ΔTECH는 0.916로 가장 낮게 나타났다.

This paper applies the input-oriented DEA model and Malmquist indices to the 9 industries to measure the efficiency and productivity. Input factors consist of the number of employee and fixed assets. Output factor is the sales. The Malmquist indices will be decomposed into three components such as pure efficiency change, scale efficiency change, and technical change. The DEA findings indicate that main source of inefficiency is both pure technical and scale and there are significant differences in the relative efficiency. Also, the Malmquist indices show that an overall increase in productivity driven by pure technical effciency and scale efficiency than technical progress.

Data Envelopment Analysis is an operations research-based method for measuring the performance efficiency of decision units that are characterized by multiple inputs and outputs. DEA converts multiple inputs and outputs of a decision unit into a single measure of performance, generally referred to as relative efficiency. DEA has been applied successfully as a performance evaluation tool in many fields including manufacturing, banks, pharmacies, and hospitals to name a few. This paper applies the input-oriented DEA model, DEA/Window analysis, and Malmquist indices to the 9 countries to measure the efficiency and productivity. The Malmquist indices will be decomposed into three components such as pure efficiency change, scale efficiency change, and technical change. The empirical results show the following findings. First, the DEA findings indicate that main source of inefficiency is both pure technical and scale. Second, the Malmquist indices show that an overall increase in productivity. Third, DEA/Window rusults show that the stable dissimilarity by standard deviation and LDP of CCR.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the productivity of major airports in Korea using Malmquist Productivity Index methodology and draw implications for airport operations and planning through comparison with existing research results. Also, The results of this study confirm the academic differences between productivity and efficiency. The results of this study provide policy assistance such as attracting, expanding and relocating airports, and eliciting academic implications. Design/Methodology/Approach We analyzed the productivity of airports in Korea by applying the Malmquist Productivity Index Analysis Methodology among DEA methodologies. Not only individual airports, but also group-specific airports were analyzed. In addition, we compared the results of airport efficiency studies analyzed using efficiency analysis methods such as CCR/BCC. Findings The larger the airport, the more productive it is. The productivity of the base airport (large) and the productivity of the general airport (medium) and the general airport (small) is inversely proportional. These results resulted in significant differences from existing efficiency studies. For example, an airport with very low efficiency can be measured very high in productivity with only a little performance. In general, however, highly efficient airports also tended to have high productivity, which means there is a correlation between efficiency and productivity. Research Implications This study identified the relationship between efficiency and productivity by studying productivity aspects, not efficiency. As a result, productivity analysis as well as efficiency analysis should be accompanied for proper airport evaluation. As a result of this study will help not only the operation of the airport but also the planning and expansion of the airport.

This study is to estimate the changes in total factor productivity of 41 Korean sea food manufacturing using Malmquist productivity indices based on both input and output oriented productivity measures utilizing a hyperbola distance function. Additionally, the study calculate the 90% confidence interval for the various components of the productivities to access the statistical significance of estimates using 2000 times of re-sampling process through the smoothed bootstrapping. The result of the study showed that there was around 11% reduction in the overall total factor productivity during the study period from 2010 to 2013. The main reason of the decrease was that of the technical efficiency. When the statistical significance in the technical changes meaning the shift of the production function was evaluated based on the 90% confidence intervals, we could not find any evidence of the changes. When we tried to find a statistical significance of heterogeneity that could exists in the productivities, we couldn't find any statistically significant differences in the productivities of the dried, frozen and cooked product manufacturing, and audit and non-audit corporations.

본 연구에서는 종합물류기업 인증을 취득한 기업의 효율성 및 생산성에 차이가 있는지를 분석하였다. 2006년부터 2015년까지 DEA 및 부트스트랩 DEA효율성 분석과 Malmquist 생산성지수를 이용한 총 53개 인증기업을 대상으로 실증분석을 하였다. 특히, 인증을 취득한 기업 가운데 인증을 계속 유지한 기업도 있고 인증이 취소되거나 또는 추후 다시 인증을 취득한 기업이 있다. 이러한 인증의 취득이 기업의 효율성 및 생산성에 어떠한 영향을 미쳤는지 그리고 인증취득을 전후하여 효율성이나 생산성에 어떠한 변화가 있는지 보고자 하였다. BCC모형을 이용한 Bootstrapping DEA 효율성 값과 비교하여 일반 DEA모형의 효율성 값이 부트스트랩 효율성값 보다 더 큰 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고 종합물류인증 취득 또는 인증의 취소가 기업의 효율성에 영향을 미치지 않았다. Malmqusit 생산성지수를 이용한 분석에서도 인증의 취득 및 취소 기업간 생산성에 명확한 차이가 나타나지 않았다.

This paper analyzed whether there is a difference in the efficiency and productivity of companies that have been certified as general logistics companies. From 2006 to 2015, we conducted an empirical analysis of a total of 53 certified firms using DEA and Bootstrap DEA efficiency analysis and Malmquist productivity index. In particular, some of the companies that have acquired the certification continue to maintain the certification, others have canceled the certification or acquired the certification again in the future. The effect of the acquisition of the certification on the efficiency and productivity of the company and the change in the efficiency and the productivity before and after the certification acquisition were examined. As a result of the analysis, compared with the bootstrapping DEA efficiency value using the BCC model, the efficiency value of the general DEA model is larger than the bootstrap efficiency value. And the cancellation of the acquisition or certification of comprehensive logistics did not affect the efficiency of the company. The analysis using the Malmqusit Productivity Index did not reveal any significant differences in the acquisition and cancellation of certification between firms.

Background: We measured productivity changes of regional public hospitals using both global Malmquist productivity index-based on global production possibility set over all the periods-and the traditional Malmquist productivity index and analyzed the factors of productivity change. Methods: The data used in this study is two annual inputs and two annual outputs of 32 regional public hospitals in Korea from 2005 to 2009 and the results such as distances and Malmquist productivity index and global Malmquist productivity index are obtained by an R program written for this study. Results: The results can be summarized as follows. Firstly, technical efficiencies of regional public hospitals are affected largely by scale efficiency than pure technical efficiency. Second, productivity progressed and technological change has more significant influence on productivity advance over the period between 2005 and 2009. Third, the circularity problem of the traditional Malmquist index is confirmed, and so the global Malmquist index without this problem are valid for the analysis. Conclusion: Though this study also has some limitations with the data of regional public hospitals with a short time span, it is the first study of hospitals using global Malmquist productivity index and later it can be expanded to private hospitals and longer time periods.