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Sarcopenia due to chronic inflammation and biochemical disturbances in chronic kidney disease is severer and more prevalent in hemodialysis (HD) patients. We longitudinally evaluated the hand grip strength (HGS) and leg muscle strength (LMS) and evaluated the role of exercise in muscle strength in HD patients. We screened (January, n=127) and fol-lowed up (June, n=110 and December 2020, n=104). HGS and LMS at single center by using digital hand and leg dynamometer. HGS (24.2 kg vs. 15.5 kg) and LMS (32.8 kg vs. 22.5 kg) were better in men (P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). Older patients (≥60 years) showed de-creased LMS than others in women (P=0.01). Patients who performed steady home- or hospital-based exercise showed marginally higher HGS (23.1 kg vs. 19.8 kg, P=0.07) and significantly higher LMS (33.7 kg vs. 25.9 kg, P=0.004). Steady exercise improved LMS throughout the study period (30.3 kg vs. 33.2 kg from Jan to Jun 2020, P=0.004; 30.3 kg vs. 34.2 kg from Jan to Dec 2020, P=0.014). Multiple linear regression analysis proved steady exercise was independently associated with better HGS and LMS. Steady exercise showed greater impact on LMS in male patients with longer HD vintage (≥44 months) and on HGS in younger male patients with shorter HD vintage (<44 months). Steady exercise was an important determinant of muscle strength in HD pa-tients. We need to encourage patients to steadily perform regular home- or group-exercise before sarcopenia develops.

Nordic walking (NW) is a full body training that can be performed with special pole, and has been recognized as an effective out-door activity which can improve the strength of upper extremity. Most previous stud-ies mainly analyzed the effect of NW on the strength of dominant (DN) hand-grip strength, however, a clear scientific examination is needed whether nondominant (NDN) extremity can also be ameliorated by the NW. Therefore, the aim of our study is to investigate the effectiveness of 8 weeks NW training on the NDN handgrip and shoulder strength in healthy middle-aged women. 29 subjects were randomly divided into three groups: Nordic walking group (NWG, n=10), brisk walking group (BWG, n=11), and control group (CG, n=8). Handgrip and shoulder strength were measured by the hand dynamometer and isokinetic ma-chine. NW training was performed 3 times a week, and had 10-min warm-up, 40-min main program consisted of ALFA (Attention, Long arms, Flat poles, Adaptes) technique and Turbo walking, and 10-min cool-down. In handgrip strength of DN hand and the shoulder flexor strength in the both sides, NWG and BWG showed significantly higher value compared to CG. In the NDN hand, NWG also showed significant-ly higher strength compared to CG, however, there was no significant difference in the handgrip strength/weight among groups. In NDN shoulder extension, significantly higher improvement was found in NWG and BWG compared to that of CG. In conclusion, our study showed that NW can improve the strength of upper extremity in sub-jects, and can be better approach to improve the NDN handgrip strength than brisk walking method could.

This study examined the effectiveness of combining remote physical therapy with task-oriented training to improve hand grip strength, and respiratory function in a patient with duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). An 18-year-old male with DMD participated in a 4-week program consisting of weekly clinic-based task-oriented respiratory therapy (balloon-blowing and inspiratory muscle training) and home-based exercises (diaphragmatic pursed-lip breathing, and upper extremity stretching) performed under parental supervision, with daily monitoring of exercise adherence. After the intervention, hand grip strength increased from 1 kg to 2 kg bilaterally, peak cough flow rose from 90 L/min to 96 L/min, and chest circumference showed slight increases at the axilla, xiphoid process, and the midpoint between the xiphoid and navel during both maximal expiration and inspiration, while forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) remained at similar, markedly reduced predicted levels without evidence of obstructive ventilatory impairment. Forearm supinator and pronator strength improved from trace to poor on manual muscle testing, and the visual analog scale score for dyspnea decreased from 5 to 2, with high exercise adherence and no adverse events reported. These findings suggest that combined remote physical therapy and task-oriented training is a feasible, safe, and practical home-based rehabilitation approach for a DMD patient, with potential benefits for maintaining functional status and quality of life.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between chronic renal failure( CRF) and muscle strength. This study obtained data from the Korea national health and nutrition examination survey(KNHANES, 2019), a cross-sectional and nationally representative survey conducted by the Korean centers for disease control and prevention. Participants in this study were the elderly aged 65 or older, and 1,395 were finally selected. As a result of adjusting all factors that can affect sociodemographic, health, and lifestyle, it was found that the association between CRF and muscle strength was significant at CRF stage 3-5 to 1.766 (95% CI: 1.083-2.881). The treatment of patients with chronic renal failure should be approached in consideration of a decrease in muscle strength, and a systematic and sustainable rehabilitation program is needed taking this into account.

Objective To evaluate sarcopenic indices in relation to respiratory muscle strength (RMS) in elderly people.Methods This study included 65 volunteers over the age of 60 (30 men and 35 women). The skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was measured using bioimpedance analysis. Limb muscle function was assessed by handgrip strength (HGS), the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), and gait speed. RMS was addressed by maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) using a spirometer. The relationships between RMS and other sarcopenic indices were investigated using the Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis adjusted for age, HGS, and SPPB.Results Both MIP and MEP were positively correlated with SMI (r=0.451 and r=0.388, respectively, p<0.05 in both). HGS showed a significant correlation with both MIP and MEP (r=0.560, p<0.01 and r=0.393, p<0.05, respectively). There was no significant correlation between gait speed and either MIP or MEP. The SPPB was positively correlated with MEP (r=0.436, p<0.05). In the multiple regression analysis, MIP was significantly associated with HGS and SMI (p<0.001 and p<0.05, respectively), while MEP was related only with HGS (p<0.05).Conclusion This study suggests that respiratory muscles, especially inspiratory muscles, are significantly related to limb muscle strength and skeletal muscle mass. The clinical significance of MIP and MEP should be further investigated with prospective studies.

Purpose: South Korea is rapidly aging, with older adult care costs soaring and lung diseases prevalent among the older adults. The correlation between hand grip strength (HGS) and lung function is contested, demanding further research to assess its viability as a predictor of lung health in this growing demographic. In this study, explored the relationship between HGS and lung function. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, of 32,379 participants, we selected 3,362 aged 65 years or older, after exclusions. We assessed lung function through forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume (FEV1) measurements, and gauged HGS using a digital dynamometer. The analysis accounted for various covariates including medical history, lifestyle factors, and socioeconomic status, using complex sample analysis in SPSS. Results: Analysis of 3,362 participants revealed that, after adjusting for relevant covariates, HGS retained a statistically significant correlation with FVC and FEV1, with regression coefficients of 0.03 and 0.02, respectively. These findings indicate that HGS may serve as a reliable indicator of respiratory health in an aging population. Conclusion: Findings showed HGS independently aligned with FVC and FEV1, requiring a significant post-adjustment for confounders. Consistent with prior studies, results suggest HGS could indicate respiratory health in older adults. Despite divergent outcomes from earlier research, a persistent link between HGS and lung function underscores its value in geriatric screenings for early lung-decline detection.

Purpose: The aims of this study were to assess the status of physical activity (PA) and to identify the association with physiological indicators, hand grip strength, stress, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among cancer survivors. Methods: Data of 999 Korean cancer survivors aged 19 and older were extracted from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (VII, 2016-2018; VIII-1, 2019). Complex samples analysis was performed using the SPSS/WIN 26.0 program. Results: The percentage of recommended levels of aerobic PA, walking, and muscle strength training was 43.8%, 19.3%, and 21.6%, respectively. Compared to the PA group, the non-aerobic PA group had a higher ratio in abnormal systolic blood pressure and triglyceride level; the non-walking group had a higher ratio in abnormal diastolic blood pressure, and normal total cholesterol and abnormal high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels; and the non-muscle strength training group had a higher hs-CRP level. The non-aerobic PA or non-muscle strength training group had low hand grip strength. The non-walking group perceived high stress, and all non-PA subgroups showed low HRQoL. Conclusion: This study provides useful results for predicting PA types that can be utilized to improve physiological function, stress, and HRQoL for cancer survivors, thus providing empirical evidence for developing PA intervention.

Objective To investigate the effect of decreased Skeletal Muscle Index (SMI) and hand grip strength on functional recovery in subacute ambulatory stroke patients. Methods Subacute stroke patients who were referred to the rehabilitation center were recruited. Decreased SMI and hand grip strength were diagnosed according to the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia. Diagnostic criteria were decreased SMI and decreased unaffected hand grip strength. SMI was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Unaffected hand grip strength was measured with a hand dynamometer. Patients were divided into two groups, decreased group (DG) and not-decreased group (NDG), according to the presence of decreased SMI and hand grip strength. Both groups received conventional stroke rehabilitation for 3 weeks. All patients were evaluated at the baseline and at 3 weeks after treatment. Functional status was evaluated with 4-meter walk test (4MWT), 6-minute walk test (6MWT), Timed Up and Go test (TUG), and Modified Barthel Index (MBI). Results Both groups showed improvement in 4MWT, TUG, and MBI. NDG showed improvement in 6MWT. Comparing improvements between the two groups, NDG showed more improvement in 6MWT and TUG than DG. Conclusion The presence of decreased SMI and hand grip strength had negative effects on functional recovery in subacute ambulatory stroke patients.

Objective To determine the socio-demographic, psychologic, hematologic, or other relevant factors associated with hand grip strength in Korean farmers. Methods A total of 528 healthy Korean farmers were enrolled. Hand grip strength was measured in both hands using a hydraulic dynamometer. Socio-demographic characteristics were assessed and anthropometric measurements were obtained. Psycho-cognitive measurements such as sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and Go/No-Go test response time were conducted. In addition to physical measurements, serologic parameters including insulin-like growth factor 1 were measured. The factors associated with hand grip strength were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis after adjusting for age, height, and weight. Results The mean hand grip strength was associated with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index total score (β=-0.12, p=0.01), the Go/No-Go test response time (β=-0.18, p=0.001), vitamin D (β=0.12, p=0.02), and insulin-like growth factor 1 levels (β=0.1, p=0.045). In female farmers, hand grip strength was only associated with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index total score (β=-0.32, p<0.001). Conclusion The results of this study demonstrate that hand grip strength was associated with sleep quality and attention in Korean farmers.

Objective To compare the effect of two different hand exercises on hand strength and vascular maturation in patients who underwent arteriovenous fistula surgery.Methods We recruited 18 patients who had chronic kidney disease and had undergone arteriovenous fistula surgery for hemodialysis. After the surgery, 10 subjects performed hand-squeezing exercise with GD Grip, and other 8 subjects used Soft Ball. The subjects continued the exercises for 4 weeks. The hand grip strength, pinch strength (tip, palmar and lateral pinch), and forearm circumference of the subjects were assessed before and after the hand-squeezing exercise. The cephalic vein size, blood flow velocity and volume were also measured by ultrasonography in the operated limb. Results All of the 3 types of pinch strengths, grip strength, and forearm circumference were significantly increased in the group using GD Grip. Cephalic vein size and blood flow volume were also significantly increased. However, blood flow velocity showed no difference after the exercise. The group using Soft Ball showed a significant increase in the tip and lateral pinch strength and forearm circumference. The cephalic vein size and blood flow volume were also significantly increased. On comparing the effect of the two different hand exercises, hand-squeezing exercise with GD Grip had a significantly better effect on the tip and palmar pinch strength than hand-squeezing exercise with Soft Ball. The effect on cephalic vein size was not significantly different between the two groups.Conclusion The results showed that hand squeezing exercise with GD Grip was more effective in increasing the tip and palmar pinch strength compared to hand squeezing exercise with soft ball.

The present study aimed to determine the isometric strength profile of the upper limb muscles of children and adolescents between 7–15 years of age. Furthermore, to (a) identify the age at which differences in strength are observed between sexes; to (b) determine the age range at which significant progression of strength could be observed; and (c) identify the role of each muscle on the total upper limb strength. Cross- sectional study that evaluated the isometric strength of nine muscle groups of the upper limb of 243 Chilean children, split into 9 age groups, separated by 1-year intervals. For this, hand-held dynamometry and hand-grip dynamometry were used. A two-factor analysis of variance for the maximum isometric strength and a stepwise multiple linear re-gression analysis were performed. From 11 years of age, wrist flexors were the first muscle group that revealed a significant difference in iso-metric strength in favor of boys (P=0.0143). In boys, the narrowest and earliest age range in the progression of isometric strength was 10 to 12 years for wrist flexors (P=0.0392). Shoulder flexors was the main factor that explained the performance of the total upper limb strength (R 2=0.742; P<0.001). The most progressive isometric strength develop-ment occurred from age 10 years in the ventral and distal muscles of the upper limb; and from this age the boys begin to present a greater isometric strength than girls. In addition, the isometric strength of shoul-der flexors explained the higher total upper limb strength performance.

본 연구는 노인의 악력과 건강상태가 수면 시간에 미치는 영향요인을 확인하기 위해 제7, 8기의 국 민건강영양조사 자료를 활용한 연구로, 2,901명을 대상으로 다항 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결 과 남자는 여자보다 짧은 수면 가능성이 낮았고(OR=0.552, p=<.001), 긴 수면 가능성이 높았다(OR=1.617, p=.012). 70-74세가 75세 이상보다 짧은 수면 가능성이 낮았고(OR=0.758, p=.036), 초졸 이하가 대졸 이상 보다 짧은 수면 가능성이 높았다(OR=1.799, p=.006). 주관적 건강상태는 보통 수준인 경우 나쁜 경우에 비 해 긴 수면 가능성이 낮았고(OR=0.755, p=.046), 우울하다고 느끼는 경우는 우울하지 않다고 느끼는 경우 에 비해 긴 수면 가능성이 높았다(OR=1.556, p=.010). 악력은 높을수록 긴 수면 가능성은 낮았다 (OR=0.974, p=.027). 본 연구 결과는 노인의 수면 건강을 위한 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이며, 노인 수면 건강을 향상시키기 위한 건강관리지원이 필요함을 제언한다.

This study is to identify factors on hand grip strength and health status in the elderly using data from the 7th and 8th National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed on 2,901 subjects. As a result, for short sleep duration, those aged 70 to 74 years were lower than those aged 75 years or older (OR=0.758, p=.036), and the elementary school or lower was higher than that of college graduates or higher. (OR=1.799, p=.006). For long sleep duration was higher than those without depression (OR=1.556, p=.010), and the higher the grip strength, the lower (OR=0.974, p=.027). The results of this study can be used as basic data for sleep health in the elderly.

본 연구는 65세 이상 노인의 악력에 미치는 영향요인을 확인하기 위해 시도되었다. 연구방법은 2019년도 제8기의 국민건강영양조사의 복합표본을 이용하여 1,470명을 대상으로 이변량 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구 결과는 남자이거나, 연령이 70~74세나 65~69세, 주관적 건강상태가 보통이거나 좋다고 생각하는 경우 악력 저하가 유의하게 낮았으며, 교육수준이 초졸 이하나 중졸인 경우, 수면시간이 9시간 이상으로 과다인 경우 악력 저하가 유의하게 높았다. 이에 악력에 영향 미치는 변수들을 고려하여 1차 예방 활동으로서 악력을 증진하기 위한 노인 대상의 보건정책이나 건강증진정책 수립 시 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

This is a study using data from the 8th National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to identify the factors that affect the handgrip strength and health status in the elderly. Bivariate logistic regression analysis was performed on 1,470 subjects. As a result of this study, the decrease in grip strength was significantly lower for males, 70~74 or 65~69 years of age, and those who thought their subjective health status was normal or good. The decrease in grip strength was significantly higher when the education level was less than elementary school or middle school, and when the sleeping time was more than 9 hours. Considering the variables affecting hand grip strength, it can be used as basic data when establishing health policies for the elderly or health promotion policies to improve grip strength as a primary prevention activity.

목적 : 본 연구는 규칙적 운동 여부에 따른 노인의 악력과 일상생활동작 수행능력의 관계를 분석함으로써, 노인의 건강 관리 및 건강 증진 방법 모색을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 제9차(2022년) 고령화연구패널조사 원시자료 중 5,192명을 대상으로 이차분석하였다. 노인의 악력, 기본적 일상생활동작, 수단적 일상생활동작, 규칙적 운동 여부, 통제변수(인구사회학적 요인, 건강행태 요인)를 선정하여 각 변수 간 평균차이와 관계를 분석하였다. 결과 : 본 연구의 주요 결과는 첫째, 일상생활동작에 영향을 미치는 요인에는 여성일수록, 75세 미만일수록, 교육수준이 중학교졸업 이상일수록, 결혼상태일수록, 고혈압과 당뇨병이 아닐수록 점수가 유의하게 낮아 일상생활동작 수행능 력이 높은 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 둘째, 악력이 높을수록 일상생활동작 점수는 유의하게 낮았으며, 상관분석에서 도 부적 상관이 있었으며(r=-0.60, p=0.00), 다중회귀분석에서도 악력은 일상생활동작 점수에 부적 영향을 주는 것으 로 나타났다(β =-0.06, p=0.00). 셋째, 인구사회학적 요인, 건강행태 요인, 규칙적 운동 여부를 통제한 상태에서도 기 본적 및 수단적 일상생활동작 점수에 11-14%의 부적 영향을 주었으며(p<0.05), 악력이 높을수록 일상생활동작 수행 능력이 증가함을 확인하였다. 넷째, 규칙적 운동을 하는 그룹은 일상생활동작 수행능력이 유의하게 높았으며 (p<0.05), 특히 악력이 가장 낮은 1분위수 그룹에서 규칙적 운동 여부에 따라 일상생활동작 점수가 유의하게 차이가 생겨 규칙적 운동 여부는 악력이 낮을수록 일상생활동작 수행능력에 더 큰 영향을 주는 것을 알 수 있었다. 결론 : 노인의 독립성 향상을 위한 일상생활동작 수행능력 향상을 위해서는 악력 강화 훈련과 더불어 일상생활에서 규칙적 운동에 참여할 수 있는 중재프로그램을 개발하는 것이 노인의 일상생활동작 수행능력 향상을 위한 하나의 전략이 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Objective : This study aimed to provide basic data for finding ways to manage and promote the health of the elderly by analyzing the relationship between grip strength and the ability to perform activities of daily living in the elderly depending on whether or not they exercise regularly. Method : A secondary analysis was conducted on 5,192 subjects from the 9th (2022) Aging Research Panel Survey raw data. The relationships between the variables were analyzed by selecting the elderly's grip strength, basic activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, regular exercise, and control variables. Result : The main results of this study were as follows: First, among the factors affecting the activities of daily living, the score was significantly lower for women, those under 75 years of age, those with a middle school diploma or higher, those with a marital status, and those without hypertension or diabetes, indicating a higher ability to perform activities of daily living (p<0.05). Second, the higher the grip strength, the lower the score of activities of daily living, and there was a negative correlation in the correlation analysis (r=-0.60, p=0.00), and in the multiple regression analysis, the grip strength was found to have a negative effect on the score of activities of daily living (β =-0.06, p=0.00). Third, even when controlling for demographic factors, health behavior factors, and regular exercise, it had a negative effect of 11-14% on the scores of basic and instrumental activities of daily living (p<0.05), confirming that the higher the grip strength, the higher the ability to perform activities of daily living. Fourth, the group that exercised regularly had significantly lower scores on activities of daily living (p<0.05), and in particular, in the 1st quartile group with the lowest grip strength, there was a significant difference in the scores on activities of daily living depending on whether or not they exercised regularly, indicating that regular exercise had a greater effect on the ability to perform activities of daily living when grip strength was low. Conclusion : In order to improve the elderly's ability to perform activities of daily living to enhance their independence, it is thought that developing an intervention program that allows them to participate in regular exercise in their daily lives, along with grip strength training, could be one strategy for improving the elderly's ability to perform activities of daily living.

This study aimed to identify the effects of music-based complex exercise program on the lymphedema, hand grip strength, pain, and gait endurance in patients with breast cancer. Thirteen patients with mastectomy volunteered to participate in this study. All subjects underwent the music-based complex exercise program for averaging 60 minutes daily for 8 weeks (total of 40 sessions). Assessment tools were made with lymphedema, hand grip strength, visual analogue scale and 6 minutes walk test before and after the 8-week intervention period. All parameters showed significant improvement after intervention (p<0.05). This study demonstrates that the music-based complex exercise program may be favorably used to manage post-mastgectomy symptems such as lymphedema, pain, muscle weakness, reduced walking endurance. This study provides valuable information for future studies in this field. Further studies with wider range of subjects and longer experimental period are required to support the results of this study.

This study aimed to identify the effect of a strengthening exercise plus aerobic on the arm circumference, hand grip strength, pain, disability index and endurance in patients with breast cancer. Twelve subjects with mastectomy volunteered to participate in this study. All subjects underwent the strengthening exercise plus aerobic exercise for averaging 60 minutes daily for 6 weeks (total of 30 sessions). Assessment tools were made with arm circumference, hand grip strength, visual analogue scale (VAS), shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI), and 6 minutes walk test (6MWT) before and after the 6-week intervention period. All parameters showed significant improvement after the intervention (p<.05). This study demonstrates that a strengthening and aerobic exercises may be favorable for enhancing edema, hand grip strength, pain, disability index, and endurance of patients with mastectomy. This study provides valuable information for future studies in this field. Further studies with wider range of subjects and longer experiment span are required to support the results of this study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of use of a horticultural program on the cognitive function, activities of daily living, and hand grip strength of institutionalized dementia patients. Method: Twenty three study participants completed a five week protocol comprised of one week of baseline and four weeks of treatment. The study design was a one group repeated measurement study. For the first and fifth week of the study period, data was collected with 3 instruments: Korean Version of Hasegawa Dementia Scale (HDS-K), Katz's ADL index, hand grip strength. Data analysis was conducted by SPSS version 10.0. Result: Total HDS-K score(p= .000), Activities of daily living(p=.013) and hand grip strength(p=.001) was significantly improved after treatment compared to the baseline. Conclusion: The horticultural program was effective for improving cognitive function, ADL and hand grip strength of the dementia patients. Repeated studies utilizing a control group are needed, using various durations, plants and processes, to confirm these results and to standardize the horticultural program protocol.

Objective: To determine the usefulness of hand grip and pinch strength in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Method: The experimental subjects were divided into 3 groups (Group 1: 100 persons; control, Group 2: 100 persons; RA without hand deformity, Group 3: 100 persons; RA with hand deformity). They were assessed with using the Modified Barthel Index (MBI), evaluating the activity of daily living (ADL). A JAMAR Hand Dynamometerⓡ, JAMAR Hydraulic Pinch Gaugeⓡ (Sammons Preston Rolyan, Ilinois, USA) were used to measure grip and pinch strength. Further assessments included joint deformity counts, and visual analogue scales. Results: The grip and pinch strength significantly decreased in all groups. The total MBI with other groups significantly decreased in RA patients with hand deformity (group 3). The MBI correlated well with visual analogue scales in group 2 and with joint deformity counts in group 3. Conclusion: Hand grip and pinch strength tests would be a useful tool for the evaluation of hand function in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

The purpose of this study is to find the standard value of hand width, of grip strength and of pinch strength by age, sex, and by left hand and right hand and also to find how the general characteristics influences grip strength and pinch strength. Martin Vigorimeter (List No. 17-27-01) was used for measuring grip strength, and the pinch gauge (0∼30 lbs) of B&L engineering for measuring pinch strength. The subjects of this study are the children at the age of three to seven years, who attending the babies' play room, kindergarten and the primary school in Seoul and the Kyungki province area. They all were normally developed without any significant neurology problem. wo hundred girls and two hundred boys were partifipated in this study. They were divided into ten subgroups according to the age of six month interval. Each group consisted of forty children of twenty boys and twenty girls. Analysis of data presents the technical statistics upon the hand width of right and left hand and the grip strength and pinch strength according to the age and sex. Multiple regression analysis using mixed liner model was operated in order to find how the general characteristics (of the age, sex, and side of hand) influence hand width, grip strength, and pinch strength individually. Also, we calculated the correlation among hand width, grip strength and pinch strength under the condition of controlling general characteristics; and to find correlation between the right hand and the left hand of the age and sex, we carried out paired t-test and came to the conclusion as follows: 1.　Hand width is significantly increased with the increase of age (p<0.01). The increase of hand width according to age, boy is wider than that of girl significantly (p<0.01), and the right hand is wider than that of the left hand significantly (p<0.01). 2.　Grip strength is significantly increased as the age and hand width increased (p<0.01). The increase of grip strength according to the age, boy is stronger than that of girl significantly (p<0.01), and grip strength of the right hand is stronger than that of the left hand(p<0.01). 3.　Three-jaw pinch strength is increased as the age, hand width and grip strength are increased(p<0.01). But there is no significant difference of three-jaw pinch strength according to sex and the side of hand(p>0.05). 4.　Tip pinch strength is significantly increased as the age and grip strength are increased(p<0.05). The increase of tip pinch strength according to the age, boy is stronger than that of girl significantly (p<0.05), but there is no significant difference between the right hand and the left hand(p>0.05). 5.　Lateral pinch strength is significantly increased as the age and grip strength are increased(p<0.01). But the increase of lateral pinch strength, there is no significant difference according to the hand width, sex and the side of hand(p>0.05). 6.　The test of correlation among hand width, grip strength and pinch strength showed the correlation between grip strength and pinch strength was stronger than the correlation between hand width and pinch strength(0.3<r<0.7). There was strong correlation between each pinch strength(0.3<r<0.7). Above all, the correlation of three-jaw pinch strength and tip pinch strength was strongest(0.7<r<1.0). 7.　The test of hand width according to the age and sex, and the difference between the right hand and the left hand in grip strength and pinch strength showed that there was significant difference against all the test of hand width, of grip strength, and of pinch strength in the age group from seven years and six months to seven years and eleven months than the age group under six years, specially in girls group(p<0.05).