Earticle

Ganoderma (靈芝, Yeong-ji), the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum or G. sinense, is used to treat insomnia, excessive dreaming, palpitation, forgetfulness, and lung deficiency-induced cough. The therapeutic efficacy of Ganoderma has historically been overstated and mythicized due to its scarcity, rarity, and high price. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate the changes in recognition of Ganoderma by screening the associated studies. The morphologies of two locally circulated species were compared through macroscopic observation. The mystification and exaggeration of the efficacy of Ganoderma in published literature could be attributed to its scarcity since the Jin (秦) and Han (漢) dynasties to the early Myeong (明) dynasty. However, the compendium of materia medica (本草綱目, Bonchogangmok) expressed doubts about the overstated efficacy of Ganoderma. In the Myeong (明) and Cheong (淸) dynasties, and the Joseon (朝鮮) dynasty, Ganoderma was scarcely used to compose herbal formulae. Recently, Jeok-ji (赤芝), which is popularly cultivated and circulated in Eastern Asia, was recognized as the fruiting body of G. lingzhi, a newly identified species genetically distant from G. lucidum. Further investigation of the Ganoderma grown in Korea would be necessary to understand the differences between the species of Ganoderma.

To develop neohaplonts for Ganoderma breeding, protoplasts were isolated from dikaryotic mycelium and regenerated. Selection rate of neohaplonts varied between ASI7074, ASI7091, ASI7094, ASI7100 and ASI7115, showing 5.24% on the average. Auxotropic mutants from Ganoderma monokarions were recovered by UV irradiation on protoplasts. Protoplast survival rates were 1.9% ASI 7074, 0.17% ASI 7091, and zero percent ASI 7100 using 300 second irradiation. Four auxotrophic strains were recovered from 1,536 colonies screened that will be further utilized for protoplast fusion and transformation.

Somatic hybrids of inter-compatible and inter-incompatible strains were obtained by protoplast fusion. The fusion products between compatible strains, Pleurotus ostreatus and P. florida, formed heterokaryons, while fusants between incompatible strains such as P. cornucopiae + P. florida , P. ostreatus + Ganoderma applanatum, P. florida + Ganoderma lucidum, and P. ostreatus + Flammulina velutipes formed synkaryons that retained genes from both parents. The heterokaryons showed the same level of basidioma development. In contrast, the synkaryons showed unique characteristics including clamp connection formation at mitosis, either partner basidioma development, and abnormal segregation and recombination compared with inter-compatible strains. Synkaryons can be classified into homokaryoyic and heterokaryotic type. A comparison of somatic hybrids with compatible and incompatible strains was made using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. The heterokaryons between compatible species showed the same level of variability and contained both parental RAPD bands. In contrast, most of the synkaryons between incompatible species showed similarity to those of either parental bands and non-parental RAPD bands. Synkaryons can be classified into microgenome insertion type and macrogenome insertion type. A tetrapolar mating system was found among monospore isolates in somatic hybrids and wild type P. ostreatus. Homokaryons from each somatic hybrid combination were paired with tester homokaryons of the initial wild type of P. ostreatus. The changed mating types were identified in progenies. The pattern of mating type switching in somatic hybrids depends on compatibility of fusion partner. There are several factors related to the mechanism of clamp connection formation and fruiting body development of synkaryons. Of these,the major factor may be associated with self-fertility and mating type switching such as homokaryotic fruiting of wild type P. ostreatus. This review will discuss these aspects.

The antioxidative effect, antimutagenic capacity and inhibitory effect of cancer cell proliferation in ethanol extracts of Ganoderma lucidum were studied for suggestion of prevention and dietetic treatment of chronic diseases and development of antioxidative, antimutagenic and anticancer functional food by employing biological and biochemical assay. The IC/sub 50/ of MDA with BSA conjugation reaction, lipid peroxidation and scavenging effect on DPPH radical in ethanol extracts of Ganoderma lucidum showed 1026.21 mg/mL, 0.152 mg/mL and 0.412 mg/mL, respectively. So, the most effective antioxidative capacity in ethanol extracts of Ganoderma lucidum was the lipid peroxidation, among the method used this study. The indirect and direct antimutagenic effects of ethanol extracts of Ganoderma lucidum were examined by Ames test using Salmonella typimurium TA98 and TA100. The inhibition rates on indirect mutagenicity mediated by 2-Anthramine showed 100% in the Salmonella typimurium TA98 and 98.74% in the Salmonella typimurium TA100 and the direct mutagenicity mediated by sodium azide in Salmonella typimurium TA100 was 82.96%. But, the inhibitory effect on indirect mutagenicity mediated by 2-Nitrofluorene in Salmonella typimurium TA98 was low(7.81%). The inhibitory Effect of Ganoderma lucidum ethanol extracts on cell proliferation in Hela and MCF-7 by MTT test were 74.36% in HeLa and 73.90% in MCF-7 at the 0.50 mg/assay concentration and IC/sub 50/ were 0.163 mg/mL and 0.196 mg/mL respectively. From this result, it is suggested that Ganoderma lucidum is believed to have a possible antioxidative, antimutagenic and anticancer capacities.

Anti-diabetic activities of cultured mycelia from Ganoderma applanatum are being evaluated in this study. The OGTT and 4-weeks of repeated oral efficacy tests are conducted in mice at the doses of 0 (vehicle treatment), 25, 75 and 225 mg/kg/day, respectively. In human study, the test article was administered orally every day for 8-week at a dose of 1,500 mg/kg, tid and placebo group. The blood glucose levels (BGL) at 0.5 hour after treatment are significant decreased in all treatment groups of OGTT test. In the 4-week test, BGL of 75 and 225 mg/kg/day group is continuously decreased during all treatment periods and the BGL of 25 mg/kg/day group show decreasing trends at the final week, the pancreas weight of all treatment groups are being increased, and the Langerhans-islet numbers were increased at all treatment groups with a dose-response manner. There are no test article-related abnormal signs and the fasted blood glucose (FBG), postprandial blood glucose (PPG) and HbA1c are decreased significantly after 8-week treatments. These results that the cultured mycelia from Ganoderma applanatum could decrease BGL by protecting the degeneration of Langerhans islets.

국내산 영지버섯으로부터 ${\beta}-glucan$ 소재 개발을 위하여 pH를 달리하여 물 및 에탄올로 $90^{\circ}C$에서 환류 추출하여, ${\beta}-glucan$ 함량과 항산화 활성 및 항산화 성분을 조사하였다. 물 추출물(pH 10)이 추출수율($8.53{\pm}0.17%$)과 ${\beta}-glucan$ 함량($6.20{\pm}0.12g/100g$)이 가장 높았다(P<0.05). 전반적으로 pH가 증가할수록 ${\beta}-glucan$ 함량이 증가하였으며 에탄올 추출물은 물 추출물보다 추출수율과 ${\beta}-glucan$ 함량이 낮았다. DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성과 FRAP 활성은 에탄올 추출물이 물 추출물보다 비교적 높았으며 pH 조건은 활성에 영향을 미치지 않았다(P<0.05). 총폴리페놀 화합물 및 총플라보노이드 화합물의 함량도 pH 조건에 상관없이 물 추출물보다 에탄올 추출물이 높았다. 물 추출물 및 에탄올 추출물들의 항산화 활성과 항산화 성분 값들은 비교적 높은 상관성을 보였으며, DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성과 총폴리페놀 화합물 함량 간의 상관성이 가장 높았다(r=0.969).

Fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum cultivated in Korea were reflux extracted at $90^{\circ}C$ using water and ethanol under different pH conditions. ${\beta}-Glucan$ contents, extraction yield, and antioxidant capacities of extracts were investigated. Antioxidant activities of water and ethanol extracts were measured by DPPH radical scavenging test and the FRAP method, along with their total phenolic contents and total flavonoid contents. Extraction time for the experiment was determined to be 6 h, and ${\beta}-glucan$ contents were the highest. Overall, ${\beta}-glucan$ contents of extracts increased with higher pH values, except those of 90% ethanol extracts (P<0.05). The yields and ${\beta}-glucan$ contents of ethanol extracts were lower than those of water extracts, and highest in water extract at pH 10 ($8.53{\pm}0.17%$, $6.20{\pm}0.12g/100g$, respectively). Ethanol extracts of fruiting bodies of G. lucidum showed stronger antioxidant capacities than water extracts (P<0.05). Especially, total phenolic contents of 30% ethanol extract at pH 10 was highest (35.06 GAE mg/g). Total phenolic contents of water and ethanol extracts showed good correlations with DPPH radical scavenging activities (r=0.969).

This study investigated the anti-amnesic effect of fermented Ganoderma lucidum water extracts (GW) on scopolamine- induced memory impairment in rats. GW were fermented by the lactic acid bacterium Bifidobacterium bifidum (FGWB), followed by Lactobacillus sakei LI033 (FGWBL). To induce amnesia, scopolamine (1 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected into rats 30 min before the behavioral tests. Step-through latencies of rats treated with primary fermented extracts (300 mg/kg, FGWB) and secondary fermented extracts (300 mg/kg, FGWBL) were significantly longer than those of rats treated with GW (300 mg/kg) in the retention trial of the multiple trial passive avoidance test. In the Morris water maze task, FGWBL significantly shortened escape latencies in training trials. Furthermore, swimming times within the target zone during the probe trial with FGWBL were significantly higher than the GW and FGWB treatments. In addition, acetylcholinesterase activities were lower in the brains of scopolamine-treated rats treated with FGWBL. These results suggest that FGWBL could be useful to enhance learning memory and cognitive function via cholinergic dysfunction.

A recent randomized and double-blind placebo-controlled clinical study bas indicated that Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) decrease blood glucose in patients with type II diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the GLP extract in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of GLP at 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg for 4 weeks resulted in a reduction of blood glucose levels by 12.5, 18.7 and 33.7% respectively, while glibenclamide treatment brought the hyperglycemic value down to normal. The hyperglycemic effect was supported by a significant decrease in glycosylated haemoglobin and increased plasma insulin levels (p<0.01) in a dose- and time-dependent manner. This study showed that GLP has similar hypoglycemic effects as glibenclamide in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

Present review is built on base of research work on Ganoderma lucidum in our laboratory. A great deal of experimental evidence has suggested that the pharmacological activities of Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi) are related to anti-oxidative and free radical scavenging activity. The anti-oxidative and free radical scavenging effects of polysaccharides and triterpenoids isolated from Ganoderma lucidum in different oxidative injury models including tert-butylhydroperoxide (tBOOH)- damaged mice peritoneal macrophages, alloxan-induced diabetes, experimental liver injury models induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), D-galactosamine (DGal) and Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) plus lipopolysaccharides (LPS) were investigated. It is also demonstrated that Lugu lingzhi, one of Ganoderma product, significantly inhibited LDL oxidation mediated by endothelial cells and decreased monocyte adhesion to endothelial cell (EC) induced by Oxidative low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and advanced glycation endproducts (AGE). Lugulingzhi-treated serum could markedly inhibit the expression of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-l) induced by ox-LDL and AGE.

The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of the polysaccharide (GLP) obtained from the liquid cultured Ganoderma lucidum on the lipidperoxidation in a rat liver microsome and hepatotoxicity in the primary cultured rat hepatocytes. It is well known that the polysaccharide of Ganoderma lucidum exhibits hepatoprotective activity, antitumor activity etc., which many suggest a relationship to lipidperoxidation. The effect of GLP on $CCl_4-$ and galactosamineintoxicated cytotoxicity in the primary cultured rat hepatocytes were reduced the GPT value. In order to the estimate the effects of anti-lipidperoxidation of the polysaccharide, enzymatic and nonenzymatic reaction assays were performed, in vitro, in the rat liver microsome. An enzymatic lipidperoxidation reaction by $ADP+FeCl_3+NADPH$ and $CCl_4+NADPH$, GLP (1 mg/mL) inhibited 77.4% and 39.4%, respectively, and the nonenzymatic reaction displayed a 97.4% strongly inhibition. In the enzymatic and nonenzymatic inducers treated with GLP, the formation of malondialdehyde (MDA) progressively decreased by raising the GLP concentration. These results suggest that the anti-lipidperoxidation and radical scavenging activity of GLP may play an important part in the liver protection action.

Arthrographis cuboidea is a wood rot fungus found in soil. It causes disease in repeated cultivation areas of Ganoderma lucidum, which damage the mushroom logs and causes considerable loss of income to mushroom farmers. This study aimed to investigate the physicochemical properties of soil and characteristics of the growth environment such as the temperature of the Ganoderma lucidum cultivated land. The time required for primordia initiation was 12–13 days. In the chromaticity survey, the degree of redness (a) was 19.5 for vinyl, 20.2 for control, and 19.5 for nonwoven. The yellowness index (b) was 12.7 for vinyl, 13.3 for control, and 12.4 for nonwoven. In the study of growth characteristics, in case of no treatment (control), the length and thickness of the pileus were measured as 145.7 mm and 23.6 mm and those of the stipe were 73.9 mm and 11.5 mm, respectively, and the weight was 130 g. Treatment with non-woven fabric resulted in 157 mm and 93.3 mm long and 22.3 mm and 11.9 mm thick pileus and stipe, respectively, and the weight was 164 g. This result indicates that treatment with non-woven fabric is better than no treatment with respect to Ganoderma lucidum growth.

The objectives of this experiment were to study the growth and development of fruiting body of the two Ganoderma lucidum isolates on log of the soft wood Paraserianthes falcataria and the hard wood Shorea sp., and determination of organic germanium and crude ganoderic acid content of the fruiting body produced. The two Ganoderma lucidum isolates used were one Indonesian native (Indonesia isolate) and another isolate was purchased from Fungi Perfecti, USA (commercial isolate). The development and quality of the primordium and fruiting body of the mushroom, in general, were influenced by the isolates used. The types of wood, however, had no effect on the quality of the primordium and fruiting body produced. The Indonesian isolate produced better fruiting body compared to that of the commercial isolate. The development of fruiting body from primordium, however, was low for the two isolates tested. In general, only about one third of the primordium developed further into mature fruiting bodies, except for the commercial isolate grown on the soft wood medium in which more than 60% of the primordium developed into mature fruiting body. Apart from producing normal fruiting body, the commercial isolate also produced an abnormal one, which had a white mature pileus, whereas the normal one was brownish red. The organic germanium concentration of the fruiting body produced on the hard wood, in general, was higher than that of grown on the soft wood. The fruiting body from commercial isolate had higher organic germanium concentration compared to that of Indonesian isolate in both wood types. The two isolates used, however, had almost the same value of the crude ganoderic acid concentration in both types of wood tested. The Indonesian isolate had higher total yield of both organic germanium and crude ganoderic acid of the fruiting body produced compared to that of the commercial isolate.

High-income mushroom crops require complex farming. Therefore, we conducted a test to identify the optimum temperature for the production of antler-shaped Ganoderma lucidum using the King Oyster mushroom cultivation facility. T-N showed 0.28% of oak sawdust and 2.2% of nutritional source. The pH of oak sawdust was 6.0, indicating weak acidity, and that of rice steel was 6.6, indicating neutrality in nutrition source. Study on the quality characteristics of mushrooms showed that the number of days at 25°C were 5~6 and those at 30°C were 3~5; the representative length at 25°C was 57.5 mm and that at 30°C was 92.2 mm; the biological weight at 25 °C was 43 g, which was greater than that at 30°C.

복분자(覆盆子, Rubus coreanus)는 피부노화를 예방하고 고혈압과 동맥경화를 억제해 주는 효과 가 있으며 항암작용과 면역억제작용을 갖는 것으로 보고되었고, 영지(Ganoderma lucidum)는 한방 에서 강장·진해·소종(消腫) 등의 효능이 있어 신경쇠약·심장병·고혈압 등의 치료에 사용한다고 기술 되어있다. 두 소재의 유용성분 활용을 위해 곡물배지(현미, 적미, 흑미)에 복분자 추출물과 부산물을 첨가하여 영지균사의 배양적 특성을 확인하였다. 추출물 농도에 따른 영지균사의 생장율 조사에서는 시험구가 대조구인 곡물배지보다 저조한 생장 을 보였으나 현미에 복분자 추출물 20%를 첨가한 조건에서는 약간 좋은 생장을 보였다. 부산물을 첨가한 조사에서도 시험구가 대조구보다 저조한 생장을 보였으나 현미와 흑미 곡물배지의 경우에는 30%의 부산물을 첨가한 조건에서 균사생장이 가장 양호하였고 적미에서는 첨가농도가 증가함에 따 라 영지균사의 생장이 감소하였다. 본 연구에서는 복분자 추출물을 첨가한 경우 현미(20%), 적미(20%), 흑미(100%) 순으로 균사생장 이 양호하였고, 부산물을 첨가한 경우에는 현미와 흑미는 부산물 30%, 적미는 20%의 부산물을 첨 가한 조건에서 균사생장이 양호하였다. 이중에서 적미에 복분자 부산물 30%를 첨가한 조건에서 영 지균사의 생장이 가장 우수하여 추출물보다는 부산물을 첨가한 조건이 영지균사의 생장이 뛰어난 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

In the present study, the genetic diversity of 69 Ganoderma species from various regions was determined by different molecular markers, including the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rRNA, a partial β-tubulin gene, and mitochondrial small-subunit ribosomal (SSU) rDNA gene as well as randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. The size of the ITS rDNA regions and mitochondrial SSU rDNA gene from different Ganoderma species varied from 625 to 673 bp and 656 to 2,040bp, respectively, and those of the partial β-tubulin gene sequence were 419 bp. Phylogenetic analysis based on the ITS region, the partial β-tubulin gene, and the mitochondrial SSU rDNA gene reveal that Ganoderma species are largely divided into two groups. Interestingly, most of the Ganoderma lucidum strains could be classified into 1 group, while other Ganoderma species divided into several groups (4 or 5 groups) in phylogenetic tree. One fragment unique to G. lucidum was selected from the RAPD profile and then sequenced. One primer pair (designated as KGS-F and KGS-R) based on this specific fragment was designed to amplify a 559 bp DNA fragment within the sequenced region. A single band with the expected size of 559 bp was observed from G. lucidum, except for G. lucidum strains from China, Canada, and Taiwan. This specific marker for G. lucidum from RAPD analysis, also supported by the phylogenetic analysis of the ITS, partial β-tubulin gene, and mitochondrial SSU rDNA sequences, will be useful for the PCR-based identification of G. lucidum in research applications as well as in the market.

Ganoderma mushrooms are most attractive medicinal mushrooms in the world and have a historical Chinese traditional medicine. Worldwide, the mushroom G. lucidum has been applied to Chinese Lingzhi which is well known as a basidiomycete and has been referred to as the ‘‘Mushroom of Immortality’’. Lingzhi popularity extends to Japanese and Korean medicine and used in traditional Asian medicine. Ganoderma lucidum was earlier referred to as herb of spiritual potency and king of the herbs. Ganoderma applanatum also a medicinal farming crop and used as a flavor enhancer in Asian cuisine. The G. applanatum commonly referred to as artist's conk and grows naturally in subtropical zones. These both mushrooms genies (Polyporales) are well-known wood decay fungi and growing in natural environments is uncommon, and they cultivated commercially by the large scale. For the increase in the production of Ganoderma species, the optimization is warranted. Effects of different growth media, temperature, pH and different substrates were optimized. The maximum radial mycelial growth in G. lucidum was recorded on GCM (Ganoderma complete medium) 9.59±0.88, optimum temperature 30°C (14.04±0.42) and optimum pH 5.5 (18.25±1.44). Ganoderma applanatum ideal media for the mycelial growth was PDA (19.88±0), optimum temperature 30°C (21.13±0), optimum pH (21.17±0.06) and followed by YMA (Yeast malt agar) 18.84±0.23. For the cultivation trails, the Oak & Pine sawdust and brawn (rice and wheat) were used for Ganoderma spp. cultivation. The different combination of the solid substrates with addition CaCO3 and gypsum levels were improved mycelial radial growth. Ganoderma lucidum showed maximum spawn run on oak sawdust (88%), rice bran (10%) and 2 % gypsum (6.39±0.03). Whereas the G. applanatum showed maximum spawn run on pine sawdust (88%), rice brawn (10%) and 2 % of gypsum (11.69±0.11). This study is apt for the pure culture and mother spawn production to be utilized in the commercial cultivation and higher production of G. lucidum and G. applanatum.

버섯은 분류학상 담자균아강(Basidiomycotina)과 자낭균 아강(Ascomycotina) 및 불완전균류(Imperfect fungi)에 속 하며 대사산물이 축적된 자실체를 주로 이용하고 있다. 자실 체에는 양질의 단백질 이외에 지방, 철분, 섬유소, 비타민, 미 네랄, 효소등과 같이 인체에 중요한 각종 영양성분을 함유하 고 있으며 특유의 향과 맛 때문에 예로부터 사람들이 즐겨 섭 취하였으며 지방질이 적고 식이섬유와 단백질이풍부한 저 칼로리 식품으로 알려져 있다. 영지버섯은 민주름 버섯목 불 로초과 불로초속에 속하는 균으로서 학명은 [Ganoderma lucidum (FR.) Karst] 이다. 영지버섯은 북아메리카, 아시아, 유럽에 널리 분포하고있으며 활엽수 고사목에 발생하는 백 색 목재 부후균이며, 30℃이상의 고온기에다습 조건에서 잘 생육한다. 각지의 떡갈나무, 썩은 소나무, 매화나무, 앵두나 무, 복숭아나무 등의 줄기와 밑동에 자란다. 버섯갓은직경 약 10cm의 콩팥 모양이며 노란밤색, 붉은밤색이고 옻칠한 것처 럼 윤기가 있다. 버섯갓은 6-9월에 돋는데 돋는 시기와 기주 식물의 종류에 따라 모양과 색이 다르다. 버섯갓은 자루의 한 쪽 모서리에 붙어 있다. 그 종류는 갓과 대표면의 색택에 따 라 적지(붉은색), 흑지(검은색), 황지(황색), 자지(보라색), 청지(푸른색), 백지(흰색), 녹각영지(사슴뿔), 편목영지(자 루없이 평평함), 쓰가영지 등으로 나누는데 흔히 영지라고하 면 적색을 띤 자루가 달린 적지를 말한다. 적지는 영지버섯 종류 가운데 외모가 가장 아름답고 효과도 높다. 모양은 나무 그루터기에 버섯이 붙어서 있는게 아니라, 필히 갓 밑에 대 가 있어서 우산처럼대가 있고 그위에 갓이 있어야 영지이다. 영지에 대한 약물적 가치와 효능에 대해서는 중국 고대의 동 양식효서(東洋 食效書) 와 1592년 명나라 이시진이 지은 본 초강목(本草綱目), 신농본초경 (新農本草經)등에 잘기록되 어 있다. 본초강목에는 영지를 산삼과 더불어 상약중의 상약 으로 취급하여 "영지를 오래 복용하면 몸이 가벼워지고 불로 장생하여 마침내 신선이 된다" 고 했을 정도이며, 이 약의 효 험을 "눈이 맑아지고 장을 보호하며 정혼약량, 기혜의 역량 을 높여 기억력 증진, 심기보강, 비장보호, 의지력을 강하게 하며 콩팥을 돕고, 혹과 악성종양을 치료, 통증해소, 풍을 다 스리며 자궁암, 장암 등에서 오는 출혈을 방지하고 오래 먹으면 몸이 가벼워지고 늙지 않으며 신선이 된다" 라고 기록 되어 있다. 이에 영지버섯12품종 자실체의 추출물을 사용하 여 생리활성 분석을 하였다. DPPH 소거능 실험을 통한 항산 화활성 확인에서는 ‘잔창’ 품종이 93.07%의 항산화 저해능을 나타내었다. 또한 Folin-ciocalteu assay 통한 Polyphenol 함량분석에서는 ‘영지5’ 품종이 85.88 mg%(gallic acid mg%/100ul of sample) 로 비교적 높은 함량을 나타내었다. β-glucan 분석을 통한 면역 및 항암물질 확인에서는 ‘영지 B’ 품종이 23.0%로 면역 및 항암활성 있는 것으로 나타났다. 항고혈압은 ACE inhibition activity 실험으로 진행하였고, ‘영지1’ 품종이 14.79%의 저해율을 나타내었다. 항당뇨 실 험에서는 α-amyloglucosidase를 이용한 실험을 진행하였 고, ‘영지A’ 품종이 63.57%로 나타났다. 항혈전 실험에서는 Astrup 과 Mullertz 의 Fibrin plate 법을 이용하여 측정하였 고, ‘영지3’ 품종이 0.27 U/20ul(Plasmin U/20ul of sample) 으로 나타났다. 이로써 영지버섯은 비교적 다양하고, 높은 생리활성 능력을 나타내는 것으로 판단되었다.