Earticle

This study aims to examine the characteristics of pedestrian environment in the planned new town street space by analyzing the overall relationship and characteristics of physical elements that make up the street and the street front space by applying form-based code. Followings are the summary of the study results. First, despite several revisions to the district unit plan, the initial planned block size was huge and the street was planned mainly for automobiles due to overcrowding of high-rise residential and commercial complexes. Second, roads are planned without dividing the hierarchy of roads and creating a more stark environment than necessary. Open Space generally lacked planning links to all parts of the building and sidewalks. The skyline is lower on inland and public buildings and higher on private buildings near the coast. As a result, certain buildings monopolize coastal landscapes, undermining publicness. Third, the most common of Frontage Type was the walkway type due to building retreat. But the retreats are different from building to building, and the plans linked to the front of the building are insufficient, causing the flow of walking to be discontinuous.

Throughout the process of modernization around the world, architectural and urban planning of most of cities has been planned on the basis of quantitative expansion. Therefore, it has obvious limitations in terms of mass production of uniform cityscape that does not reflect regional personality. In order to improve the disadvantages of the existing urban planning and zoning system, the newly proposed〝Form-Based Codes〞are based on the characteristics of the buildings and the space that reflect the regional characteristics. It is presented as an alternative to offset the shortcomings of the plan and is being introduced in many cities overseas. In this study, the Transit Zoning Code of Santa Ana City, which was established on the basis of Form-Based Codes, was analyzed based on the urban criteria that directly affect the composition of the building and the scale of street space, size, and height of the building, and it will suggest implications for the development of a urban space in many cities in Korea.