Earticle

본 연구는 전문가 설문 및 엔트로피 가중치 기법을 이용하여 전국의 지진 위험성을 평가하였다. 연구에 사용된 지표는 정부간 기후변화 패널에서 분류하고 있는 4개의 상위 지표 중 위해성, 노출성, 취약성 3개 지표에 따라 10개의 하위지표를 선정하여 전문가 설문조사에 활용하였다. 설문 결과를 엔트로피 가중치 기법을 활용하여 위험점수를 산정하였으며, 위해성, 노출성, 취약성을 단순 합산하여 일정 비율에 따라 위험도를 5개로 등급화하였 다. 연구 결과 최근 대규모 지진이 발생한 경주 및 포항이 위치한 동남권 지역에 5등급으로 국내에서 지진이 가장 위험한 지역으로 나타났다. 또한 동남권 지역 인근에 원자력발전소, 대규모 산업단지 등이 밀집되어있어, 2차, 3차 연쇄 재난의 가능성이 클 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 동남권 지역의 지진재난 대응 역량 강화를 위해 구조 및 비구 조적 대책 마련이 필요하다고 판단된다.

This study evaluated the national earthquake risk using expert questionnaire and entropy weighting technique. As for the indicators used in the study, 10 sub-indices were selected according to the 3 indicators of risk, exposure, and vulnerability among the 4 top indicators classified by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and used in the expert survey. Then, the risk score was calculated using the entropy weighting technique for the survey results, and the risk, exposure, and vulnerability were simply summed up, and the risk was graded into 5 levels according to a certain ratio. As a result, Gyeongju and Pohang, where large-scale earthquakes occurred recently, were ranked as the 5th grade in the southeastern region where earthquakes were most dangerous in Korea. In addition, since nuclear power plants and large-scale industrial complexes are concentrated near the southeastern region, the possibility of secondary and tertiary chain disasters is high. Therefore, it is urgently required to prepare structural and non-structural countermeasures to strengthen the earthquake disaster response capacity in the southeast region.

본 연구는 황하 유역의 디지털 경제 발전을 평가하는 것에 중점을 두고 있으며, 황하 유역의 디지털 경제 발전을 평가하고 정책 수립의 기반을 마련하기 위해 과학적이고 포괄적인 평가 지표 체계를 구축하고 평가하는 것을 목표로 하고 있다. 논문에서는 황하 유역의 디지털 경제에 관한 선행연구를 검토하고, 경제적 배경과 디지털 기반을 분석했다. 6개 분야의 28개 지표를 바탕으로 3단계 지표 체계를 구성하 였으며, 중국통계연감(2022년) 등의 정부 발행 데이터를 활용하여 분석하였다. 실증 분 석 결과 황하 유역의 디지털 경제 발전은 전반적으로 양호하나 지역 간 불균형이 크게 나타났으며, 특히 혁신 발전과 사회 복지 분야에서 심각한 차이가 발견되었다. 이어서, 엔트로피 가중치 방법을 사용하여 지표의 가중치를 결정하고 TOPSIS 방법을 활용하여 종합 평가모델을 구축하였다. 연구를 통해 황하 유역 내부의 성들 사이에서 디지털 경 제 발전의 마태 효과가 뚜렷하게 드러났다. 이러한 차이는 디지털 경제가 지역 경제 발전에 중요한 역할을 하고 있음을 시사하며, 또한 향후 국가의 지역발전 정책 수립시 에 중요한 참고 사항들을 제공해준다.

The focus of the study is to construct a scientific and comprehensive evaluation index system to assess the digital economy development in the Yellow River Basin and provide a foundation for policy-making. The research reviewed literature on the digital economy in the Yellow River Basin and analyzed the economic background and digital foundation. A three-level index system based on 28 indicators was constructed, utilizing government-released data such as the China Statistical Yearbook (2022) for analysis. Empirical analysis shows that the digital economy development of the Yellow River Basin is generally good, but there is a significant imbalance in development between regions, especially in the areas of innovation development and social welfare. Then, the entropy weight method was used to determine the weights of the indicators, and a comprehensive evaluation model was constructed using the TOPSIS method. The study found a distinct Matthew effect in the digital economy development among provinces within the Yellow River Basin. This difference suggests that the digital economy plays an important role in regional economic development and provides vital references for national regional development policy decision-making.

本论文独创性在于填补了黄河流域数字经济指标体系的空白，并对数字经济指标体系 理论进行了补充和完善. 研究重点是构建一个科学且全面的评价指标体系, 以评估黄河 流域的数字经济发展并为政策制定提供基础. 研究回顾了关于黄河流域数字经济的文献, 并分析了经济背景和数字基础. 构建了基于 28个指标的三层次指标体系, 使用了中国统计年鉴(2022年)等政府发布的数据进行分析. 实证分析结果显示, 黄河流域的数字经济发展总体良好, 但区域间发展不平衡显著, 尤其 是在创新发展和社会福利领域. 然后, 使用熵权法确定了指标的权重, 并运用TOPSIS方法 构建了综合评价模型. 研究发现, 黄河流域内部各省份数字经济发展存在明显的马太效应. 这一差异暗示数字经济在区域经济发展中扮演着重要角色, 并为国家区域发展政策的决 策提供了重要参考.

Since the implementation of the reform and opening-up policies, Chinese economy has rapidly advanced towards the second-largest in the world. However, at the same time of rapid economic development, environmental pollution, excessive energy consumption and other problems have also become increasingly prominent. Environmental pollution, in particular, contributes approximately 8-15% of China's economic losses. Shandong, a northern Chinese province with a heavy industrial presence, is also grappling with severe environmental pollution challenges. To solve the problems, Shandong has to get rid of the "high energy consumption, high pollution, high emissions and low efficiency" type of economic development mode, then turn to the stage of high-quality economic development. In this process, how to achieve the coordinated development between the improvement of the quality of economic development and environmental improvement has become the focus of attention of all sectors of society. Bring environmental regulation into force is one of the important means to improve environmental problems. Whether the role of environmental regulation contributes to the improvement of the quality of economic development, and how environmental regulation affects the quality of economic development are the key research directions in the field of environmental economics at present. Therefore, this study takes Shandong Province of China as the research object, attempting to answer the above questions through theoretical research and empirical analysis. To calculate the comprehensive index of economic development quality and environmental regulation, the statistical index data of Shandong Province from 1994 to 2019 is used by means of the entropy weight method. Besides, an empirical model was also established in order to verify the impact and internal mechanism of environmental regulation on the economic development quality of Shandong Province. The research shows that there exists a U-shaped relationship between environmental regulation and the quality of economic development in Shandong Province, that is, strengthening environmental regulation at the beginning will inhibit the quality of economic development in Shandong Province, but when the intensity of environmental regulation is increased to a certain extent, environmental regulation will promote its improvement, instead. In addition, the core conclusion still holds after the explanatory variable environmental regulation was replaced. The transmission mechanism analysis shows that environmental regulation can improve the quality of economic development in Shandong Province through green technology innovation effect, industrial upgrading effect and productivity effect, but among of which the green technology innovation effect is relatively more significant. Therefore, it is suggested that the government departments of Shandong Province should further improve the environmental regulation policy, rationally formulate the intensity of environmental regulation; it should improve the independent innovation system, guide the upgrading of industrial structure, raise production efficiency, and give full play to the effect of environmental regulation in promoting the quality improvement of economic development.

2022년 이전에는 하천 관리 주체가 이원화되어 생태하천 복원사업을 계획 및 시행하는 과정에서 많은 혼선이 발생하 였다. 이로 인해 하천 수생태계 건강성이 확보되지 못하였다. 그러나 2022년 환경부가 생태하천 복원사업을 주관하게 되며, 하천 수생태계 건강성 확보는 복원사업에서 필수적인 요소가 되었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기수역과 람사르 습지가 위치하여 하천 수생태계 건강성 확보가 필수적인 한강하구 지역을 대상으로 복원사업이 필요한 하천 구역을 선정하였다. 우선, 생태하천 복원사업의 세부 조사항목을 기반으로 하천의 물리적, 화학적, 공간/인문학적, 수생태계 건강성 평가지수를 산정하였다. 산정된 평가지수에 순위정렬(ranking), 스케일 재조정(re-scaling), z 점수(z-score), t 점수(t-score) 표준화(normalization) 방법을 적용하였으며, 도출된 값을 비교·분석하였다. 이후 각 평가지수에 엔트로 피 가중치 방법(entropy weight method)을 적용하였다. 해당 과정을 통해 한강하구 지역 내에서 수생태계 건강성 확 보를 목적으로 복원사업이 요구되는 하천(목감천, 안양천 등)을 선정하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 생태하천 복원사업의 우선순위를 선정하는 과정에서 기초연구 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Before 2022, there was a lot of confusion in the process of planning and implementing the projects for ecological restoration of the stream due to dualization the principal agent of stream management. Because the Ministry of Environment took charge of the project in 2022, securing the health of aquatic ecosystem of stream became an essential factor in the project. Therefore, in this study, the streams that require the project for ecological restoration was selected in Han River estuary, where it is essential to secure the health of the stream aquatic ecosystem as blackish water zone and Ramsar wetland are located. Physical, chemical, spatial/humanistic, health of aquatic ecosystems evaluation indexes were calculated based on the detailed facts and figures of the project for ecological restoration of the stream in the beginning. Ranking, re-scaling, z-score, and t-score normalization methods were applied to the calculated evaluation index, and the values were compared and analyzed. After that, the entropy weight method was applied to each evaluation index. Through this process, the streams(Mokgamcheon, Anyangcheon etc.) that require the project for ecological restoration were selected for the purpose of securing the health of the aquatic ecosystem in Han River estuary. The result of this study can be used as basic research data in the process of selecting the priority determination of the projects for ecological restoration of the stream.

Traditional affinity propagation algorithm has inefficient results when conducting clustering analysis of high dimensional data because "dimension effect" lead to difficult find the proper class structure .In view of this, the author proposes an improved algorithm on the basis of Entropy Weight Method and Principal Component Analysis (EWPCA-AP). EWPCA-AP algorithm empowers the sample data by Entropy Weight Method, eliminate data irrelevant attributes by Principal Component Analysis, and travel with neighbor clustering algorithm, realization of high-dimensional data clustering in low dimension space. The numerical result of simulation experiment shows that the new EWPCA-AP algorithm can effectively eliminate the redundancy and irrelevant attributes of data and improve the performance of clustering. In addition, the proposed algorithm is applied in the area of the economy in our country and the clustering result is consistent with the real one. This algorithm provides a new intelligent evaluation method for Chinese economy.

There are several factors influencing the slope stability of open pit mine, and the common methods can be divided into the subjective weighting method and the objective weighting method. In this paper, we make comprehensive evaluation of slope stability by using AHP method and entropy weight method. First of all, we make evaluation of the first level indicators, using AHP method to determine the weight of factors and then use the entropy weight method to calculate the influence factors, the conclusion has certain reliability and scientific nature. Through field monitoring, we get the membership function of each influence index by using assignment method and trapezoid distribution. Following the principle of maximum membership, slope II is the most stable, followed by slope V and slope I, slope III and slope IV are poor stability. This result is consistent with the on-site inspection, and then we proposed treatment measures according to the engineering practice.

Enterprise risk management (ERM) has raised increasing concern in the field of risk management, and brought practical revenues to enterprises in today’s complex interrelated global business environment. It is a valuable question for China enterprises how to improve the ERM performance. Based upon ERM implemental goals published by COSO, we user elevant data from non-financial listed corporations in SSE, from the perspectives of strategic effectiveness, operational efficiency, reporting reliability and corporate compliance. The data of 509 Chinese enterprises is validly interpreted by entropy weight/TOPSIS method to assess the ERM performance, and to analyze the status of ERM in China. Such models provide means quantitatively improve decision making with respect to the ERM performance.

The determining method of the weights of multiple attributes decision making needs to be improved. Firstly, three entropy measures are deduced through a similarity measure of intuitionistic fuzzy sets. Most of the entropy measures are not able to fully describe the uncertainty of things. So the weight determining results which based on the entropy, becomes somewhat inaccurate. The method of improving the effective information is proposed to determine the attribute weights in order to improve the accuracy of weights determining. Ultimately the ideal multiple attributes decision making analysis results are determined by adjustment weights with the parameter.

최근 기후의 급격한 변화 및 이상기후로 인해 전 세계적으로 가뭄의 발생빈도가 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 우리나라의 경우 지역·계절별 강수량의 편차로 인해 국지적으로 극심한 가뭄이 발생하고 있으며, 향후 피해는 더욱 증가할 것으로 예측하고 있다. 농업가뭄은 농작물 생육에 따른 수확량 및 수자원 이용에 직접적인 영향을 미치고 있으며, 농업수리시설물의 의존도가 높기 때문에 저수지의 대응능력과 농경지의 수리답 시설이 농업가뭄 대응을 위한 중요한 지표로써 활용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 수리시설물의 가뭄대응능력과 평야부 농경지의 가뭄빈도를 이용하여 농업가뭄 취약성 평가를 수행하였다. 2015년 이후 매년 가뭄이 발생하는 충청남도 태안군을 시범지역으로 선정하였으며, 논 중심의 농업가뭄을 평가하기 위해 기상영향, 가뭄발생현황, 보조수원능력, 가뭄대응능력 4가지의 관련 항목을 선정하였다. 기상영향, 가뭄발생현황, 보조수원현황 항목은 계수화를 위해 데이터 속성 정보만을 이용하여 가중치를 산정하는 엔트로피 (Entropy) 방법을 적용하였으며, 가뭄대응능력 항목은 농업수리시설물과 농경지 평균 가뭄빈도 분석을 통해 점수화를 수행하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 지역별로 선제적인 가뭄대응 우선순위를 결정할 수 있고, 용수공급의 효율화 등 논 중심의 농업가뭄 대응을 위한 기초자료로써 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

중국-유럽 화물열차(CRE)는 중국과 유럽 간의 물류 연결을 강화하고 국제 무역을 촉진하는 중요한 교통 수단으로 주목받고 있다. 본 연구는 CRE의 물류 경쟁력에 초점을 맞추어 출발 도시의 물류 경쟁력과 정기선의 운송 경쟁력을 종합적으로 분석하였다. 각 출발 도시의 물류 경쟁력은 엔트로피 가중치-TOPSIS 방법을 통해 평가되었고, 이를 통해 중요한 허브 노드와 운송 비용의 영향을 확인하였다. 분석 결과, 이우와 정저우가 물류 경쟁력에서 우수한 성과를 보였으며, 허브 노드가 CRE의 성공에 큰 역할을하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, CRE의 운송 비용의 차이가 전반적인 경쟁력에 부정적인 영향을 미치고 있음이 확인되었다. 이러한결과를 토대로 CRE의 발전방향에 대한 제언을 제시하였으며, 중국과 유럽 간의 국제 무역과 물류 협력을 더욱 강화하기 위한 전략적인 시사점을 도출하였다. 이 연구는 CRE의 물류 네트워크에 대한 깊은 이해를 제공하며, 중국과 유럽 간의 물류 협력을 촉진하기 위한 기초를 제공한다.

The China-Europe Freight Train (CRE) has gained significant attention as a crucial transportation mode strengthening logistics connections between China and Europe, facilitating international trade. This study focuses on the logistics competitiveness of CRE by comprehensively analyzing the logistics competitiveness of departure cities and the transportation competitiveness of regular routes. The logistics competitiveness of each departure city was evaluated using the entropy weight-TOPSIS method, revealing the significant influence of key hub nodes and transportation costs. The analysis results indicate that Yiwu and Zhengzhou demonstrated excellent performance in logistics competitiveness, emphasizing the pivotal role of hub nodes in the success of CRE. Furthermore, the variation in transportation costs within CRE negatively impacts overall competitiveness. Based on these findings, recommendations for the future development of CRE are presented, aiming to strengthen international trade and logistics cooperation between China and Europe. This study provides a profound understanding of CRE’s logistics network, laying the groundwork for enhancing logistics cooperation between China and Europe.