Earticle

우리사회는 저출산과 의학 기술의 발달로 초고령화 사회가 진행되고 있으며 환경오염에 따른 질병, 사고로 발생하는 장애인, 거주 외국인 증가로 재난약자가 늘어나고 있다. 재난약자는 재난 발생 시 행동장애, 소통문 제, 능동적 재난 대응이 어려움을 겪고 있기에 재난약자에 대한 안전대책으로 방재디자인의 원칙을 연구하였 다. 연구의 결과, 재난약자들이 정보처리과정에서 생길 수 있는 인지 문제를 해결할 수 있는 방안에 대해 모색하였으며 방재디자인원칙으로 복합감각·공감각, 차별화·주목성 활용, 양식화·표준화 활용, 안전성·사용 성, 단순화·최소화를 제시하였다. 본 연구는 이론에 기반한 연구로 검증에 한계가 있기 때문에 향후 실증연구 를 통하여 방재디자인 이론을 검증할 필요가 있으며 방재디자인에 대한 추가적인 연구도 필요하다.

Our society is becoming a super-aging society due to Sub-Replacement Fertility and advancements in medical technology. The number of people vulnerable to disasters is increasing due to diseases caused by environmental pollution, disabled people caused by accidents, and the number of foreigners residing in the country. Disaster-vulnerable people suffer from behavioral difficulties, communication problems, and difficulties in actively responding to disasters when disasters occur. We studied the principles of disaster prevention design as a safety measure for disaster victims. As a result of the study, we sought ways to solve cognitive problems that may arise in the information processing process of disaster-vulnerable people. Disaster prevention design principles for the disaster vulnerable should include multiple senses and synesthesia, use of differentiation and attention, use of stylization and standardization, safety and usability, and simplification and minimization. Since this study is theory-based and has limitations in verification, it is necessary to verify the disaster prevention design theory through future empirical research, and additional research is also necessary.

현재 세계 각국에서는 빈곤, 기아, 양극화, 일자리의 감소, 기후변화, 전쟁 등 끊임없는 문제들이 발 생하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 전 지구적인 문제를 해결하기 위하여 지속가능 발전목표에 부합하는 방재 디자인 사례를 분석하고, 지속가능 디자인의 방향성을 제시함으로써 본질적으로 인류의 번영과 발전을 도모하고자 하는 연구 목적이 있다. 연구 방법으로 17개의 지속 가능한 발전 목표 중에서 방재 디자인 과 직접적으로 연관된 것으로 판단되는 8개의 분류를 선택하였다. 또한, 최근 4년 동안의 iF 디자인 어 워드(학생 부문)에서 수상한 프로젝트(517EA) 중에서 방재 디자인과 관련성이 있는 프로젝트를 선별 (74EA)하였다. 이를 방재디자인의 4개의 카테고리에 맞추어 디자인을 분석하였다. 분석 결과1에서는 건 강과 웰빙이 21EA (28%), 혁신과 인프라 구축이 20EA (27%)로 가장 많았다. 다음으로 물과 위생이 11EA (15%)로 뒤를 이었다. 다음으로, 분석 결과2에서는 대응디자인이 33EA (45%)로 가장 많았고, 복 구디자인이 21EA (28%)로 뒤를 이었다. 이와 달리, 대비디자인은 4EA(5%)로 비교적 적은 수치를 차지 했다. 본 연구는 최근 4년간 (2020년~2023년) iF 디자인 어워드에서 수상한 방재디자인 프로젝트를 종 합적으로 분석하였다는 데 의미가 있다.

Currently, constant problems such as poverty, hunger, polarization, job loss, climate change, and war are occurring in countries around the world. The purpose of this study is to fundamentally promote human prosperity and development by studying disaster prevention design cases based on sustainable development goals and suggesting the direction of sustainable design in order to solve global problems. As a research method, 8 categories that were considered to be directly related to disaster prevention design were selected from the 17 sustainable development goals, and projects related to disaster prevention design were selected from the projects (517EA) awarded at the iF Design Talent Awards over the past four years. were selected (74EA). The design was analyzed by substituting it into four categories of disaster prevention design. As a result of the analysis_01, health and well-being was the most with 21EA (28%), and innovation and infrastructure construction were the most with 20EA (27%). Next was water and sanitation with 11EA (15%). As a result of the analysis_02, response design was the largest with 33EA (45%), followed by recovery design with 21EA (28%). Contrast design accounted for a relatively small number at 4EA (5%). This study is meaningful in that it comprehensively analyzed disaster prevention design projects awarded at the iF Design Talent Awards over the past four years (2020 to 2023).

본 연구는 코로나19 팬데믹과 같은 재난 상황에서 방재용품이 어떤 형태로 개선되는가에 대한 연구이다. 일반적인 환경에선 한 제품을 디자인하기 위해서 문제 개선 또는 기술 적용을 하는데 많은 시간 과 함께 관련 제품을 반복적으로 생산하고 소비하는 과정을 거쳐 특정 유형을 발견할 수 있다. 그러나 코로나19 팬데믹과 같은 특수한 상황에선 짧은 기간에 단일제품의 기능과 디자인이 빠르게 변화하였 다. 이러한 이유는 팬데믹 상황에서 인간의 활동을 위해 꼭 필요한 필수품으로 인식되었으며, 나아가 다양한 사용자 니즈를 부합하기 위해 지속적으로 개발되는 제품을 시장에 빠르게 출시함으로써 다른 제품에 비해 높은 판매에 따른 경제적 수익성 때문이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 팬데믹 상태에서 가장 필수적인 방재용품인 방역 마스크와 관련 페이스 가이드 디자인 개선 사례를 통해 방재용품의 발전 과 정을 알아본다. 또한, 단계별로 개선된 문제점과 해결 방안을 통해 방재용품의 발전 방향을 파악하고 자 한다. 이를 바탕으로 본 연구는 다양한 방재용품의 발전 방향을 탐색하고 방재용품 개발과 공급 기 간 단축에 도움이 되고자 한다.

This study investigates how disaster preparedness supplies are improved in disaster situations such as the COVID-19 pandemic. In a typical environment, it takes a considerable amount of time to design a product through problem improvement or technology application, and a specific type can be found through the process of repeatedly producing and consuming related products. However, in special situations like the COVID-19 pandemic, the function and design of a single product changed rapidly in a short period of time. This is because it was recognized as an essential item necessary for human activity in a pandemic situation, and furthermore, it was continuously developed to meet various user needs and quickly launched in the market, resulting in higher economic profitability due to higher sales compared to other products. Therefore, this study examines the development process of disaster preparedness supplies through the case of improved design of face guides related to quarantine masks, which are the most essential disaster preparedness supplies in a pandemic state. In addition, we aim to understand the direction of development of disaster preparedness supplies through the problems and solutions that have been improved step by step. Based on this, this study aims to explore the direction of development of various disaster preparedness supplies and help shorten the development and supply period of disaster preparedness supplies.

본 연구는 해외 주요국 가운데 방재거점시설 개념을 통해 대규모 재난에 대비한 재난 대응 및 자원 의 효율적 운영을 도모하고 있는 일본의 방재거점시설의 기능과 운용 계획을 분석하여, 국내 재난관 리자원의 효율적 운용을 위한 방재거점시설의 도입의 정책적 함의와 방향을 제시하고자 하였다. 일본 국토교통성의 홈페이지 자료와 방재거점 운용 매뉴얼을 중심으로 분석한 결과, 방재거점 운용 의 목적은 재난관리자원 소요가 높은 대규모 재난을 중심으로 중앙의 자원 통제 효율화와 피해 지역 에 대한 재난관리자원 지원의 체계화에서 그 특징을 발견할 수 있었다. 우리나라의 경우 대규모 재난 발생 시 교통망의 혼잡⋅혼란⋅망실 등 그 피해 발생가능성에 대한 경험이나 고려는 부족하다. 따라서 방재거점 도입에 대한 검토 필요성은 높다. 이에 우리나라의 방재거점 도입을 전제로 방재거 점 도입 시 운용주체에 대한 검토, 광역단위의 방재거점 운용 시 안전관리계획 등에 포함해야 할 방재거점 고려사항, 이에 필요한 법적 보완과제, 현행 재난관리자원 운용상에 발생하고 있는 문제점 에 대한 보완과제 등을 함께 제언하였다.

This study aims to present the policy implications and directions of the introduction of disaster prevention facilities for efficient operation of domestic disaster management resources by analyzing the functions and operation plans of disaster prevention facilities in Japan. As a result of analyzing the website data of Japan’s Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport and the disaster management base operation manual, the purpose of the disaster management base operation was found in the central resource control efficiency and disaster management resource support for affected areas. On the premise of introducing a disaster prevention base in Korea, a review of the operator when introducing a disaster prevention base, considerations for a disaster prevention base that should be included in the safety management plan when operating a disaster prevention base in a wide area, legal supplementary tasks necessary for this, and the current disaster management resource operation supplementary tasks for the problems that have occurred were also suggested.

최근 국내 공동주택의 비중이 증가함에 따라, 공동주택 내 대피의 중요성이 높아지고 있다. 공동주 택에서 발생하는 화재 사고는 많은 인명 피해를 초래하고 있으며, 특히 현재의 화재 대피 알림 시스템 이 음성 중심으로 이루어져 있어 청각장애인들이 대피 과정에서 큰 어려움을 겪고 있다. 또한, 공동주 택의 구조적 복잡성은 청각장애인의 대피를 더욱 어렵게 만든다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 본 연 구는 방재디자인 원칙을 적용하여 청각장애인을 위한 시각적 및 촉각적 대피 안내 시스템을 설계하였 다. 연구 방법으로는 방재디자인의 연구 프로세스를 채택하여, 청각장애인의 특성을 고려한 기능을 갖 춘 애플리케이션을 설계하였다. 제안된 애플리케이션은 시각적 신호와 촉각적 알림을 통해 청각장애인 에게 화재 발생 상황을 효과적으로 전달하며, 대피 경로를 안내하여 안전한 대피를 지원한다. 본 연구 는 청각장애인을 위한 화재 대피 애플리케이션을 구축하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 청각장애인의 화재 대피 과정에서의 안전성을 크게 향상할 수 있음을 보여주며, 나아가 제안된 애플리케이션을 통해 다양한 재난 상황에서도 활용 가능성이 높을 것으로 예상된다. 이를 통해 청각장애인의 효율적인 대피 를 지원하는 새로운 방법을 제시하였으며, 청각장애인을 위한 재난 대응 시스템의 발전에 기여할 것으 로 예상된다. 향후 다양한 대피 상황에서의 진행한 실증 연구를 통해 애플리케이션의 적용 가능성을 검증할 필요가 있다.

As multi-family housing becomes more prevalent in Korea, evacuation in these complexes has become increasingly important. Fires in such residences can lead to significant casualties, but current fire alert systems rely heavily on auditory signals, making evacuation difficult for individuals with hearing impairments. Additionally, the complex structure of these buildings complicates evacuation further for these individuals. To address this issue, this study applied disaster prevention design principles to develop a visual and tactile evacuation guidance system for the hearing impaired. Following a disaster prevention design process, the proposed application communicates fire situations effectively through visual and tactile alerts and provides safe evacuation guidance. The findings indicate that this application can significantly improve evacuation safety for the hearing impaired and has potential for broader use in various disaster scenarios. This study introduces a new method for effective evacuation support for individuals with hearing impairments, contributing to advancements in disaster response systems. Future empirical research will be needed to verify the application’s effectiveness across different evacuation scenarios.

최근 기후변화, 도시화 등으로 도시의 환경이 변화함에 따라 재해가 빈번하게 일어나고 있다. 이와 같은 상황을 해결하기 위해 건축가 및 도시계획가에 의해 다양한 도시방재디자인이 실험되고 있고, 새로운 방재기법인 리질리언스 개념이 적용되고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 건축가 및 도시계획가에 의해 제시된 도시방재디자인 사례를 연구대상으로 하여 도시방재디자인의 유형과 리질리언스 특성을 분석하였고, 더 나아가 지속가능한 도시방재디자인을 위한 방향을 제안하였다.

Recently, urban environments are changing due to climate change and urbanization. Because of these, Urban disasters occur frequently. To solve this situation, the architects and urban planners have been presenting urban disaster prevention design, and the concepts of resilience are utilized in urban disaster prevention design. In this study, we analyzed the cases of urban disaster prevention design presented by architects and urban planners, and grasped the types and resilience characteristics of urban disaster prevention design. Further, the direction of urban disaster prevention design was proposed in the point of sustainability.

그동안 지진의 안전지대라고 여겨져 왔던 우리나라도 2016년 9월 12일 경주시에 38년만의 가장 강력한 규모 5.8 지진이 발생하고 여진만 500회나 발생함에 따라 더 이상 지진 안전국이 아니며, 막연히 생각만 하던 지진이 우리의 소중한 인명과 재산을 위협하는 중대한 원인이라는 것을 충분히 인식하게 되었다. 건축법상 내진설계를 해야 하는 의무 대상 건축물 143만9천549동 가운데 47만5천335동에만 내진설계가 적용돼 내진율이 33%에 그쳤고 이는 전체 건축물의 6.8%에 해당된다. 1985년 9월 19일, 규모 8.1의 강력한 대지진이 수도 멕시코시티를 강타하여 진동이 5분 동안 계속되어 도시 전체가 파괴되는 지진피해가 발생한 것이 우리에게 지진에 대한 경각심을 불러 일으켜, 우리나라에서도 1988년 건축물의 내진설계기준이 국내에 처음으로 도입되어 많은 변천과 발전이 있었다. 세계최고의 인터넷망과 정보기술 등 을 통해 우리만의 고유한 내진설계기술과 기법을 개발함으로써 지진재해가발생시 신속한 대응을 하여 피해를 최소화시킬 수 있도록 하여야 한다. 현재의 기술로는 내진성능을 명확히 파악하는 것이 어렵지만 세계최고의 인터넷망과 정보기술 등 을 통해 우리만의 고유한 내진설계기술과 기법을 개발함으로써 지진재해가 발생시 신속한 대응을 하여 피해를 최소화시킬 수 있도록 하여야 한다.

The purpose of this study is to access an earthquake damage risk that may happen due to climate change by evaluating earthquake damage trends of the nation and other countries. The study also evaluates the earthquake-readiness of domestic structures and then it is compared it to case of developed countries to determine an improvement plan that may be used for earthquake-damage mitigation design process.Recently, there was a lot of earthquakes in South Korea due to the climate changes. On September 12, 2016, the earthquake that struck Gyeongju magnitude of 5.8 on the Richter scale. It is the strongest earthquake in 38 years and more than 500 aftershocks have been recorded. Some people have been concerned that aftershocks could cause serious damage in South Korea.Less than 33 percentage of the 1,439,549 buildings that are subject to the regulation in South Korea are earthquake proof. It is 6.5 percentage of the total building in South Korea.It becomes a great concern that South Korea is no longer safe from as series of subsequent earthquakes occur, and an earthquake-resistant design was accepted right after the Mexico earthquake in 1985, awakened the people to the dangers of earthquakes. Though it has contributed to protect life and property of the people. they calls for swifter emergency measures against natural disasters to avoid a similar fate to that of Haiti, the worst earthquake in history. In order to establish concepts and technologies to fit for our environment, a consistent research has to be developed to improve system also need to make our own ideas without fear of failure. The centralization of population needs more or less cheap row houses. But they are vulnerable to lateral forces of seismic force. If left as-is, there may be a risk of great accidents whenever an earthquake comes. So this is exactly time to check natural disaster response system and to come up with some proper countermeasures.

본 논문은 음원 탐지 및 음원 위치를 추정하는 IoT Device 시스템에 관한 것으로, 보다 구체적으로는 복수의 마이크로폰 센서로부터 수집된 음원 신호의 도달 시간차를 분석하여 음원의 방향을 정확히 검출하고, IoT 센서를 이용하여 음원의 발생방향을 추적할 수 있는 음원 방향 탐지 Device를 이용한 시스템이다. 음파를 이용하 여 위치를 추정하는 기술은 예전부터 군사적 목적으로 개발되어 왔지만 현재는 이를 응용하여 방범‧방재 분야 등에 많이 쓰이고 있다. 이에 따라 본 시스템의 제작을 통해 옥외에 설치한 후 여러 방향에서 음원 발생시켜 성능 시험을 실시하였다. 그 결과 음향 탐지 영역 140dB, 반응시간 1초 이내, 방향 각도 분해능 1° 이내로 매우 정확하게 동작 함을 확인할 수 있었다. 향후에는 본 설계안을 바탕으로 빅데이터 분석을 통한 인공지능 알고리즘을 반영하여 보다 신뢰성을 향상시켜 상용화할 계획에 있다.

This paper relates to an IoT device system that detects sound source and estimates the sound source location. More specifically, it is a system using a sound source direction detection device that can accurately detect the direction of a sound source by analyzing the difference of arrival time of a sound source signal collected from microphone sensors, and track the generation direction of a sound source using an IoT sensor. As a result of a performance test by generating a sound source, it was confirmed that it operates very accurately within 140dB of the acoustic detection area, within 1 second of response time, and within 1° of directional angle resolution. In the future, based on this design plan, we plan to commercialize it by improving the reliability by reflecting the artificial intelligence algorithm through big data analysis.

인공지능, 사물인터넷, 빅데이터 등으로 대표되는 4차 산업혁명은 사회의 산업구조 뿐만 아니라 교육의 내용에 있어서도 큰 변화를 가져왔다. 소방 방재 공학과 캡스톤 디자인의 경우 ICT나 IOT와 결합하는 형태의 결 과물에 대한 요구가 많아 졌다. 그러나 기존 학생들의 경우 컴퓨팅 사고나 코딩에 충분한 수업이 진행되지 않아 다양하게 요구되는 소방 환경에 적응적인 결과물을 만들어 내는데 부족함을 가지고 있었다. 이에 컴퓨팅 사고와 코딩을 수업에 포함시켜 소방 캡스톤 디자인 수업이 추구하는 목표를 달성하도록 했다. 연구결과 학생 작품의 다 양성, 문제 해결 능력, 협업 능력 등에 대한 만족도가 높아졌다. 미래 인재 양성을 위한 교육은 사회변화요구에 적 응할 수 있도록 빠르게 변화되어야 한다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

The 4th industrial revolution, represented by artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and big data, has brought major changes not only in the industrial structure of society but also in the content of education. In the case of Department of Fire and Disaster Prevention Engineering capstone design, the demand for results in the form of combining with ICT or IOT has increased. However, in the case of existing students, there were insufficient classes for computational thinking and coding, so they had insufficient ability to produce results adaptive to the firefighting environment required in various ways. Therefore, computational thinking and coding were included in the class to achieve the goal pursued by the capstone design class. As a result of the study, satisfaction with the diversity of student work, problem solving ability, and collaboration ability increased. It was found that education for nurturing future talents must be changed rapidly to adapt to the demands of social change.

Many severe earthquakes have occurred along the main fault lines in the world. In recent years, there has been a high incidence of small- and large-scale earthquakes in our country. These occurrences of earthquakes have become increasingly serious, owing to a degrading earth environment. An earthquake, in general, causes far more serious damages like disruptions in electricity or gas facilities, and fire disasters from its annexed effects than by its vibrations or the shock itself. In this paper, we present a countermeasure and its necessity in safeguarding against fire disasters in regional heritage villages such as "Asan Oeam," "Jeonju Hanok," and "Andong Hahoe." A more systematic and effective strategy for prevention systems against severe fire disasters is proposed after performing various related investigations and analyses of existing domestic and international systems. We investigated the existing fire security systems and their historical records with the tendency of earthquake occurrences in these three folk villages. In this proposal, we present a strategic approach for safeguarding against fire damages in our regional heritage villages derived from ICT (information communication technology)-based DPD (disaster prevention design), after examining the laws and regulations of fire-prevention strategies in Japan, America, and Europe.

In this paper, we propose a pioneering concept of DPD(Disaster Prevention Design) to realize a securable society in the future. Features of danger in the future society are expected to be diverse, abrupt occurring, large scale, and complicated ways. Due to increment of dangers with their features of uncertainty, interactivity, complexity, and accumulation, human-oriented design concept naturally participates in activities to prevent our society against disasters effectively. We presented DPD is an essential design activity in order to cope with dangers expected in the future societies as well as realize securable environments. DPD is also an integrated design aids including preemptive protections, rapid preparing, recovery, and interactive cooperation. We also expect these activities of DPD is effective for generation of new values in the market, satisfaction of social needs, expansion of design industry, and a novel chance for development in the future society. Throughout this paper, we submit various aspects of DPD concepts including definition, classification, scope, necessity, strategy, influencing elements, process, and its principle. We expect these concepts will be the seed and/or basement of DPD research for the future works. For the direction of study for DPD in the future, we emphasize alarm system for preemptive protection rather than recovery strategy for the damage occurred. We also need to research about progressive prevention techniques and convergence with other areas of design. In order to transfer the concept of product design from facility-oriented mechanism to human-oriented one, we should develop new kinds of city basis facilities, public-sense design concepts referred to social weak-party, e-Learning content design preparing disasters, and virtual simulation design etc. On the other hand, we have to establish laws and regulations to force central and/or provincial governments to have these DPD strategies applying their regional properties. Modern design activities are expanding to UI(user interface) content design area overcoming the conventional design concept of product and/or service. In addition, designers are recognized as art directors or life stylists who will change the human life and create the social value. DPD can be divided into prevention design, preparedness design, response design, and recovery design. Five strategies for successful DPD are Precaution-oriented, Human-oriented, Sense-oriented, Legislation, and Environment Friendly Strategies.

The number of accidents in school zone is decreasing than before with the introduction of strengthening traffic safety policy since January 2011, but the danger still exists. The School zone sign is widely known to have much effect in protecting children from risks of traffic accidents, but design improvement is being demanded to improve a sense of safety and legibility of safety signs in School zone due to the lack of understanding on the safety signs in crosswalk and School zone. This study analyzed differences in shape and color of existing safety signs through a case analysis of traffic developed countries as America, England, Japan, and Germany and suggested improvement plans for drivers to clearly perceive the school zone. For improvement methods, this study suggested the importance of delivering definite and unified warning message for school zone to drivers by using indication sign and caution sign together, and to use yellow, a safety color, and to unify the safety sign into triangle shape that symbolizes warning and caution to conform the international standards. Actual design production and experiment through improvement plans are needed in the future, and it is expected to secure safety of children and to provide international standardization of safety signs in school zone.

A traditional village is cultural property where old buildings and traditions are concentrated and also where indigenous traditional cultures can be recognized and experienced directly or indirectly. In addition, traditional villages have been recognized as precious resources to revitalize regional economies through tourism. Currently, signage systems have been developed as for ordinary tourist sites or cities, and concepts or methods for sign system for traditional villages have not yet been established. Therefore, it is necessary to develop disaster prevention-based signage to prevent large-scale disasters, to guarantee the safety of residents, and to increase the satisfaction of visitors in traditional villages as precious resources. A case study is conducted to apply the proposed sign system for traditional villages in Korea and Japan as a tourist-oriented sign system that has been accomplished in Korea and a large disaster-oriented sign system developed with residents as a priority in Japan. The disaster prevention sign system considers the residents since residents are victims when a disaster happens, and guideline to increase the efficacy and satisfaction are suggested. However, this study has definite limits in sucring objectivity because the objects of study are insufficient, and the development of the sign system based on effective disaster prevention considering the features of traditional villages will continue in the future.

어린이 보호구역은 교통사고의 위험으로부터 어린이를 보호하기 위해 학교, 보육시설, 학원 등과 같은 시설 가운데 지정된 일정 구간을 말한다. 어린이 보호구역은 1995년 9월 제정된 이래, 2021년 1월까지 총 9번의 개정을 통해 강화가 됐음에도 어린이 보호구역 사고는 줄어들지 않고 있다. 본 논문은 방재디자인 기반의 어린이 보호구역 표준모델을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구의 방법으로는 문헌조사, 실증조사, 인식도 조사를 진행했다. 인식도 조사 대상은 어린이, 학부모, 운전자를 대상으로 조사를 진행하였다. 환경 조사 대상으로는 횡단보도, 자동차도로, 보행자도로, 신호등을 대상으로 조사하였다. 조사 결과 차량 운전자의 어린이 보호구역 시각적 인지가 어렵다는 점이 발견되었고, 보행자 도로를 이용하는 오토바이가 어린이에게 매우 위협적인 요소로 다가왔음을 알게 되었다. 이에 따라 방재디자인 중심의 개선된 어린이 보호구역 표준모델 디자인을 제시하였다.

A school zone means a certain section designated among facilities, such as schools, childcare facilities, academies, etc., to protect children from the risk of traffic accidents. Since the school zone was established in September 1995, school zone accidents have not decreased even though it has been strengthened through a total of nine revisions until January 2021. This paper aims to present a standard model for child protection zones based on disaster prevention design. Methods of research included literature research, empirical research, and cognition research. Awareness survey was conducted on children, parents and drivers. Environmental surveys included crosswalks, motorways, pedestrian roads, and traffic lights. The investigation found that visual recognition of school zones by vehicle drivers was difficult, and found that motorcycles using pedestrian roads were a very threat to children. Accordingly, improved school zone standard model design centered on disaster prevention design was presented.

국내에서 이재민과 재해가 예상되는 일시 대피자에게 제공되는 재해구호용품 중 대부분이 임시주거시설인 구호소 환경에 맞지 않고 사용자들이 요구하는 기능이나, 크기, 형태를 가지고 있지 않아 만족도가 낮은 것으로 평가된다. 본 연구는 재해구호용품 중 구호소 매트리스의 사용환경에 대한 문제점 제시를 통해 사용자 Need를 분석하였고 이를 통하여 방재디자인 기반 구호소 가변식 에어매트리스를 개발하였다. 사용성, 편의성, 내구성 등에 객관성을 확보하기에는 연구 데이터의 한계점이 있지만 기존 섬유 매트의 대량 보급의 어려움과 발포플라스틱 계열 매트의 기능적 단점을 가변형 에어 매트리스로 해결하였다. 개발된 가변형 에어매트리스는 이재민과 일시대피자가 장기간 구호소 생활시 생길 수 있는 육체피로, 질병 악화, 수면부족 등에 도움을 주고 생활안정을 도모하여 재활의지를 갖게 될 것으로 기대된다.

Most of the disaster relief items provided to sufferers and temporary evacuees that are supposed to be victims in Korea are not suitable for the shelter environment of temporary housing facilities, and are not satisfactory because they do not have the functions, proper size and types. The purpose of this study is to analyze the user needs of emergency rescue relief items by presenting problems about the use environment and to develop the variable air mattresses which are based on disaster prevention design. In order to secure objectivity such as usability, convenience, and durability, research data are limited. However, the difficulty of mass spreading of conventional fiber mat and the functional disadvantages of foam plastic mat are solved by adopting variable air mattresses. The variable air mattresses are expected to help rehabilitate people by helping victims of physical tiredness, illness worsening, poor sleep, and life instability that can happen during long-term shelter life.

최근 세계 곳곳에서 사회 이면에 도사린 위험요소가 재해로 연결되면서 수많은 재산/인명 피해를 끼치는데 그치지 않고 심각한 사회문제로 대두 되고 있다. 특히 우리나라는 비약적인 경제발전의 결과로 도시화가 빠르게 이루어지고, 경제의 규모도 커지면서, 여러 인적/사회적 재난을 반복적으로 경험하는 악순환에 빠져있다. 이런 심각성 때문에 오랜 시간동안 재난을 관리하기 위한 다양한 분야의 연구가 지속되었으며 학문의 영역 또한 빠르게 복합화 되면서 확장 되고 있다. 본 연구는 재난과 방재측면에서 그간의 연구방향 이었던 방재학적, 방재공학적, 사회학적 관점에서 벗어나 서비스디자인 관점으로 접근함으로서 대안적 연구를 시도 하였다. 그 과정에서 재난과, 서비스디자인에 대한 개괄을 알아보고 방재 프로젝트에 적용함으로서 효과적이고 실질적인 방재서비스디자인을 정의하고 논의 하고자 하였다. 이는 구체적인 사례를 통해 연구 방법론을 적용 검증함으로서 교과서적인 논의에서 벗어나 실 적용측면에서의 논의를 진행 하고자 하는 목적으로 진행되었다. 연구 결과로 도출된 방재서비스 디자인 프로세스와 플랫폼을 통해 방재서비스디자인을 정의 하고 이해할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 또한 방재서비스디자인을 통해 재난의 전후 전 단계에서 재난과 관련된 유/무형의 여러 요소를 디자인적으로 가시화시킬 수 있게 되는 기초자료가 될 수 있을 것으로 기대 된다.

Many hidden aspects of society around the world that has been lurking as risk factors have been ultimately connected to disasters. Such connection did not just stop with massive damages to properties and loss of lives but became a serious social issue. Especially in the case for Korea, because the country has gone through abrupt economic growth which has resulted in rapid urbanization and expansion of economic scale, Korea has been caught in a vicious cycle of experiencing human and social calamities repeatedly. Due to the seriousness of such problem, there's been continued research in various fields for managing disasters, and the domain of knowledge has been expanding with complexity. The following study went beyond the perspectives of disaster prevention study, disaster prevention engineering and social sciences suggested from previous research directions in disaster and disaster prevention, and attempted an alternative research method by approaching from a service design perspective. During the process, the paper looked over the summary on disaster and service design. By applying it on disaster prevention projects, the research sets forth and discusses effective and practical disaster prevention service design. Through specific case studies, the research methodology applied was verified, and the purpose of the study was carried out in the perspective of real world applications different from textbook type discussions. It is expected that through the disaster prevention service design process and platform that were discovered during the research result, defining and understanding disaster prevention service design will be made apparent. Additionally, the research is expected to be used as a basic building block for building a visualized plan for tangible and intangible factors related to disasters before the disaster process through such proposed disaster prevention service design.

In the field of forest disaster prevention, drones are expected to save higher human resources than the existing manpower has, and produce high-efficiency results over time. However, operational limitations brought by short flight times have brought the environment of limited use of the various capabilities of the drone, and the existing development systems operating the multi-drone are mainly for performance purpose, so it is a difficult to use for forest disaster prevention. The purpose of this paper is to design the concept based on multi-drone operation procedure through analysis of mission of ground control system for forest disaster prevention.

In order to maximize the effect of installing screen door system while to minimize the problems in an initial stage of introduction, it is strongly required to research an optimum installation solution in connection with ventilation and disaster prevention system alongside with safety structure analysis of screen door in respect to train-induced wind, as well as to develop the criteria for the operation after the installation. This paper presents the results of study to develop the optimum design technology in urban railway equipped with platform screen door systems.